FUNCIONES VECTORIALES VARIABLE ESCALAR ING.

RAÚL MORAN

Dominio de una función vectorial:

1) 𝐹⃗(𝑡) = (ln(𝑡 + 1) , √𝑡 2 + 2𝑡 − 8 , 7) ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝐷𝐹⃗ :

𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑟 𝑙𝑎𝑠 𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠:

𝑓(𝑥)
𝑎) => 𝑔(𝑥) ≠ 0
𝑔(𝑥)
𝑝𝑎𝑟
𝑏) √𝑎 => 𝑎 ≥ 0
𝑐)𝐿𝑛(𝑎) => 𝑎 > 0

𝑡+1>0 => 𝑡 > −1 => 𝐷𝑓1 : 𝑡 ∈ 𝑅 , 𝑡 > −1

𝑡 2 + 2𝑡 − 8 ≥ 0 => (𝑡 + 4)(𝑡 − 2) ≥ 0
𝑡 + 4 = 0 => 𝑡 = −4 𝑡=2
v F v

−∞ -4 2 +∞

𝑡=0 => −8 ≥ 0 (𝐹)

𝐶𝑠 : 𝑡 ∈ ]−∞, −4] ∪ [2, +∞[ => 𝐷𝑓2 : 𝑡 ∈ 𝑅, ]−∞, −4] ∪ [2, +∞[

𝐷𝐹⃗ : 𝐷𝑓1 ∩ 𝐷𝑓2 => 𝐷𝐹⃗ : [2, +∞[

-4 -1 2

Límites de una función Vectorial

𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝐿í𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙: 𝐹⃗(𝑡)

𝑒 𝑡 − 𝑒 𝑙𝑛𝑡
1) 𝐹⃗(𝑡) = ( , ,2) 𝑡0 = 1
𝑡−1 1−𝑡

𝑒𝑡 − 𝑒 𝑙𝑛𝑡
lim 𝐹⃗(𝑡) = (lim , lim , lim 2)
𝑡→1 𝑡→1 𝑡 − 1 𝑡→1 1 − 𝑡 𝑡→1

𝑒𝑡 − 𝑒
𝑎)𝑓1(𝑡) = lim 𝑐𝑎𝑚𝑏𝑖𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑠: 𝑢 = 𝑡 − 1 => 𝑡 = 𝑢 + 1
𝑡→1 𝑡 − 1

𝑒 𝑢+1 − 𝑒 𝑒 𝑢 . 𝑒1 − 𝑒 𝑒(𝑒 𝑢 − 1) 𝑒𝑢 − 1
𝑓1(𝑡) = lim = lim = lim = lim 𝑒 . lim
𝑢→0 𝑢 𝑢→0 𝑢 𝑢→0 𝑢 𝑢→0 𝑢→0 𝑢
 FUNCIONES VECTORIALES VARIABLE ESCALAR ING.RAÚL MORAN

𝑓1(𝑡) = 𝑒. 𝑙𝑛𝑒 = 𝑒

𝑙𝑛𝑡
𝑏)𝑓2(𝑡) = lim 𝑐𝑎𝑚𝑏𝑢𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑠: 𝑢 = 1 − 𝑡 => 𝑡 = 1 − 𝑢
𝑡→1 1 − 𝑡

ln(1 − 𝑢) 1 1 −1
𝑓2(𝑡) = lim = lim ln(1 − 𝑢) = lim ln(1 − 𝑢)𝑢 = ln(lim (1 − 𝑢) 𝑢 )−1 )
𝑢→0 𝑢 𝑢→0 𝑢 𝑢→0 𝑢→0

𝑓2(𝑡) = 𝑙𝑛𝑒 −1 = −𝑙𝑛𝑒 = −1

lim 𝐹⃗(𝑡) = (𝑒, −1,2)

𝑡→1

2) 𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝐿í𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙: 𝐹⃗(𝑡)

1 − cos(𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡) 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡 − cos(𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡) 1

𝐹⃗(𝑡) = ( 2
, 2
, ) 𝑡0 = 0
𝑠𝑒𝑛 (𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡) 𝑡 𝑡+𝜋
1 − cos(𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡) 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡 − cos(𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡) 1
lim 𝐹⃗(𝑡) = (lim 2
, lim 2
, lim )
𝑡→0 𝑡→0 𝑠𝑒𝑛 (𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡) 𝑡→0 𝑡 𝑡→0 𝑡 + 𝜋

1 − cos(𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡)
𝑎)𝑓1(𝑡) = lim
𝑡→0 𝑠𝑒𝑛 2 (𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡)

1 − cos(𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡) 1 − cos(𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡) 1
𝑓1(𝑡) = lim 2
= lim = lim
𝑡→0 1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡) 𝑡→0 (1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡))(1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡)) 𝑡→0 1 + cos(𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡)

1 1
𝑓1(𝑡) = =
1 + cos(0) 2
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡 − cos(𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡)
𝑏)𝑓2(𝑡) = lim
𝑡→0 𝑡2
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡 − cos(𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡) 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡 + cos(𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑡 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡)
𝑓2(𝑡) = lim ( ) = lim
𝑡→0 𝑡2 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡 + cos(𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡) 𝑡→0 𝑡 2 (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡 + cos(𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡))

1 − 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝑡 − (1 − 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 (𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡)) −𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝑡 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 (𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡)) 1

𝑓2(𝑡) = lim 2
= lim 2
( )
𝑡→0 𝑡 (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡 + cos(𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡)) 𝑡→0 𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡 + cos(𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡)
𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝑡 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 (𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡) 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝑡 1
𝑓2(𝑡) = lim(− 2
+ 2
∗ 2 )( )
𝑡→0 𝑡 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑡 𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡 + cos(𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡)
1 1 1 1
𝑓2(𝑡) = (−1 + 1.1) ( ) = (0) ( ) = 0 𝑓3(𝑡) = lim =
1+1 2 𝑡→0 𝑡 + 𝜋 𝜋
1 1
lim 𝐹⃗(𝑡) = ( , 0, )
𝑡→0 2 𝜋
𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡 1 1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡 1
3)𝑓(𝑡) = ( , 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡, ) 𝑔(𝑡) = ( , , 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡 + 1)
𝑡 𝑡+𝜋 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡
𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 a) lim[𝑓(𝑡) ₒ𝑔(𝑡) ] b) lim[𝑓(𝑡) 𝑥𝑔(𝑡) ]
𝑡→𝜋 𝑡→𝜋
 FUNCIONES VECTORIALES VARIABLE ESCALAR ING.RAÚL MORAN

a) lim[𝑓(𝑡) ₒ𝑔(𝑡) ] = (lim 𝑓(𝑡) ) ₒ (lim 𝑔(𝑡) )

𝑡→𝜋 𝑡→𝜋 𝑡→𝜋

𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡 1 1
lim 𝑓(𝑡) = (lim , lim 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡, lim ) = (0, −1, )
𝑡→𝜋 𝑡→𝜋 𝑡 𝑡→𝜋 𝑡→𝜋 𝑡 + 𝜋 2𝜋
1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡 1
lim 𝑔(𝑡) = (lim , lim , lim (𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡 + 1)) = (0, −1,1)
𝑡→𝜋 𝑡→𝜋 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑡→𝜋 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡 𝑡→𝜋

1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡 1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡 1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑡 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝑡 1

= lim ( ∗ ) = lim = lim( ∗ )
𝑡→𝜋 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡 1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡 𝑡→𝜋 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡(1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡) 𝑡→𝜋 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡 1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡
1 1
= lim( 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡 ∗ ) = (0) ( )=0
𝑡→𝜋 1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡 1 − (−1)
1 1
𝑎) (lim 𝑓(𝑡) ) ₒ (lim 𝑔(𝑡) ) = (0, −1, ) ₒ(0, −1,1) = (0,1, )
𝑡→𝜋 𝑡→𝜋 2𝜋 2𝜋

b) lim[𝑓(𝑡) 𝑥𝑔(𝑡) ] = (lim 𝑓(𝑡) ) 𝑥 (lim 𝑔(𝑡) )

𝑡→𝜋 𝑡→𝜋 𝑡→𝜋

𝑖⃗ 𝑘⃗⃗𝑗⃗
1
= |0 −1 1 | = (−1 + , 0,0)
2𝜋 2𝜋
0 −1 1

Derivada de una Función Vectorial:

𝑡2 − 1 𝑒𝑡 − 1
⃗ √
1) 𝑓(𝑡) = (𝑙𝑛 2 , 𝑙𝑛 ( 𝑡 ) , √𝑡𝑔(𝑡 − 5))
𝑡 − 2𝑡 + 1 𝑒 +1

1
𝑡2 − 1 𝑡2 − 1 2 1 𝑡2 − 1
𝑎)𝑓1(𝑡) = 𝑙𝑛√ = ln( ) = ln ( )
𝑡2 − 2𝑡 + 1 𝑡2 − 2𝑡 + 1 2 𝑡2 − 2𝑡 + 1

1
𝑓1(𝑡) = (ln(𝑡2 − 1) − ln(𝑡2 − 2𝑡 + 1))
2
1 1 1 𝑡 𝑡−1
𝑓 ′1(𝑡) = (2 (2𝑡) − 2 (2𝑡 − 2)) = 2 − 2
2 𝑡 −1 𝑡 − 2𝑡 + 1 𝑡 − 1 𝑡 − 2𝑡 + 1

𝑡 𝑡−1 𝑡 1 𝑡 − (𝑡 + 1)
𝑓 ′1(𝑡) = ( − 2
)= − =
(𝑡 − 1)(𝑡 + 1) (𝑡 − 1) (𝑡 − 1)(𝑡 + 1) 𝑡 − 1 (𝑡 − 1)(𝑡 + 1)
−1
𝑓 ′1(𝑡) =
𝑡2 − 1
𝑒𝑡 − 1
𝑏)𝑓2(𝑡) = 𝑙𝑛 ( )
𝑒𝑡 + 1
 FUNCIONES VECTORIALES VARIABLE ESCALAR ING.RAÚL MORAN

𝑓2(𝑡) = ln(𝑒𝑡 − 1) − ln(𝑒𝑡 + 1)

1 1 1 1 𝑒𝑡 + 1 − (𝑒𝑡 − 1)
𝑓 ′ 2(𝑡) = (𝑒 𝑡 ) − (𝑒 𝑡 ) = 𝑒 𝑡 ( − ) = 𝑒𝑡 ( )
𝑒𝑡 − 1 𝑒𝑡 + 1 𝑒𝑡 − 1 𝑒𝑡 + 1 (𝑒𝑡 − 1)(𝑒𝑡 + 1)

2
𝑓 ′ 2(𝑡) = 𝑒 𝑡 ( )
𝑒 2𝑡 − 1
𝑐)𝑓3(𝑡) = √𝑡𝑔(𝑡 − 5)

′
1 2 (𝑡
𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 (𝑡 − 5)
𝑓 3(𝑡)
= 𝑠𝑒𝑐 − 5) =
2√𝑡𝑔(𝑡 − 5) 2√𝑡𝑔(𝑡 − 5)
−1 2 𝑠𝑒𝑐2 (𝑡 − 5)
𝑓⃗′ (𝑡) = ( , 𝑒 𝑡( ) , )
𝑡2 − 1 𝑒2𝑡 − 1 2√𝑡𝑔(𝑡 − 5)

Integrales de una función vectorial:

𝝅/𝟒
𝟏)𝑪𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓: ∫ 𝒇(𝒕) 𝒙 𝒉(𝟎) 𝒅𝒐𝒏𝒅𝒆:
𝟎

1 𝑡
𝑓(𝑡) = [√𝑡𝑔𝑡𝑠𝑒𝑐 4 𝑡, 𝑠𝑒𝑛3 (2𝑡)𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑡 − 𝑠𝑒𝑛3 (2𝑡)𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝑡, √ ]
𝜋 𝜋

1 1 1
2
ℎ(𝑡) = [∫ 𝑡𝑒 𝑡 𝑑𝑡, ∫ (𝑡 2 − 𝑡)𝑑𝑡, ∫ 𝑡 3 𝑑𝑡]
0 0 0

𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑙𝑎 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑒 𝑓(𝑡) :

𝜋/4 𝜋/4 1
𝑓1(𝑡) = ∫ √𝑡𝑔𝑡 𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑡 𝑑𝑡 = ∫ 4
(𝑡𝑔 𝑡)2 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑡. 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑡 𝑑𝑡 =
0 0
𝜋/4 1
=∫ (𝑡𝑔 𝑡)2 (1 + 𝑡𝑔2 𝑡). 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑡 𝑑𝑡 𝑢 = 𝑡𝑔 𝑡 => 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑡 𝑑𝑡
0
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
4 1 4 1 5 2 3 2 7
=∫ (𝑢)2 (1 + 𝑢2 )𝑑𝑢 =∫ (𝑢2 + 𝑢2 ) 𝑑𝑢 = ( 𝑢2 + 𝑢2 ) │ 4
0 0 3 7 0
𝜋
2 3 2 7 2 3 2 7 20
= ( 𝑡𝑔𝑡 + 𝑡𝑔𝑡 ) │ 4 = ( 12 + 12 ) =
2 2
3 7 0 3 7 21
𝜋/4
𝑓2(𝑡) = ∫ (𝑠𝑒𝑛3 (2𝑡)𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑡 − 𝑠𝑒𝑛3 (2𝑡)𝑠𝑒𝑛2𝑡)𝑑𝑡
0
𝜋/4 𝜋/4
𝑓2(𝑡) = ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛 2𝑡)(𝑐𝑜𝑠2 𝑡 − 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝑡)𝑑𝑡 = ∫
3(
𝑠𝑒𝑛3 (2𝑡)cos(2𝑡)𝑑𝑡
0 0
 FUNCIONES VECTORIALES VARIABLE ESCALAR ING.RAÚL MORAN

𝐶𝑎𝑚𝑏𝑖𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒: 𝑢 = 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑡) => 𝑑𝑢 = 2cos(2𝑡) 𝑑𝑡

𝜋/4 𝜋 𝜋
𝑑𝑢 1 𝑢4 4 1 1 1
𝑓2(𝑡) = ∫ 𝑢3 ( ) = │ = 𝑠𝑒𝑛4 (2𝑡)│ 4 = (1 − 0) =
0 2 2 4 0 8 0 8 8

𝜋/4 𝜋/4 𝜋/4

1 𝑡 1 √𝑡 1 1/2 1 2 𝜋/4
𝑓3(𝑡) = ∫ √ 𝑑𝑡 = ∫ 𝑑𝑡 = ∫ 3/2
𝑡 𝑑𝑡 = 3 ( )𝑡 3/2 │
0 𝜋 𝜋 0 𝜋 √𝜋 0 𝜋 3 0
𝜋2
3 3
1 2 𝜋 2 1 2 3 1 2 𝜋2 2 1 1
𝑓3(𝑡) = 3 ( ) ( ) − 3 ( ) (0)2 = 3 ( ) 3 = ( ) ( ) =
3 4 3 3 3 8 12
𝜋2 𝜋2 𝜋2 42
𝜋/4
20 1 1
∫ 𝑓(𝑡) 𝑑𝑡 = ( , , )
0 21 8 12
1 1 1
2
ℎ(𝑡) = [∫ 𝑡𝑒 𝑡 𝑑𝑡, ∫ (𝑡 2 − 𝑡)𝑑𝑡, ∫ 𝑡 3 𝑑𝑡]
0 0 0

1
2
ℎ1(𝑡) = ∫ 𝑡𝑒𝑡 𝑑𝑡 𝑢 = 𝑡 2 => 𝑑𝑢 = 2𝑡 𝑑𝑡
0

1 1 𝑢 1 1 1 1
ℎ1(𝑡) = ∫ 𝑒 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑒𝑢 │ = (𝑒1 − 𝑒0 ) = (𝑒 − 1)
2 0 2 0 2 2
1
2
𝑡3 𝑡2 1 1 1 1
ℎ2(𝑡) = ∫ (𝑡 − 𝑡)𝑑𝑡 = ( − ) │ = − =−
0 3 2 0 3 2 6
1
𝑡4 1 1
ℎ3(𝑡) = ∫ 𝑡3 𝑑𝑡 = │ =
0 4 0 4
1 1 1
ℎ(𝑡) = ( (𝑒 − 1), − , )
2 6 4
𝑖⃗ 𝑗⃗ 𝑘⃗⃗
𝜋/4
| 20 1 1| 13
∫ 𝑓(𝑡) 𝑥ℎ(0) = 21 8 12 =( , −0,1665, −0,2661)
0 | | 288
1 1 1
(𝑒 − 1) −
2 6 4