CH- CONTEMPORARY SOUTH ASIA

Assertion: China is an important player in South Asia but it is not

considered a part of the region.

Reason: China differs culturally and ethnically from rest of the South
Asian countries.

(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not
the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.

Assertion: Majority of South Asian people consider democracy as the

most suitable for their country. These are regarded as significant
findings.

Reason: Earlier it was believed that democracy could flourish and find
support only in prosperous countries

(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not
the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.

Assertion: Pakistan had a military rule, though elections have been

held during that time.

Reason: Elections were held to give the military rule a democratic

image.

(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not
the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.

Assertion: Democracy has been successful in Pakistan.

Reason: Pakistan has a courageous and relatively free press and a

strong human rights movement.

(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not
the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.

Assertion: The United States and other Western countries have

encouraged the military’s authoritarian rule.

Reason: Democracy in Pakistan is flawed and its security would be

harmed by selfish-minded parties and chaotic democracy.

(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not
the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.

Assertion: Soon after partition, protests started in Bangladesh

(Eastern Pakistan).

Reason: The people resented the dominance of western Pakistan and

the imposition of Urdu language.

(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
 (b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not
the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.

Assertion: There was a large-scale migration into India, creating a

huge refugee problem.

Reason: This resulted in a war between India and Pakistan in

December 1971.

(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not
the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.

Assertion: Sheikh Mujib was assassinated in a military uprising in

1975.

Reason: He abolished all parties except for Awami League and

amended the constitution to shift to a presidential form of
government.

(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not
the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.

Assertion: The king was forced to restore the House of Representatives

that was abolished in April 2002.

Reason: There was a triangular conflict between the monarchist, the

democrats and the Maoists.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.

Assertion: Nepal formed a constituent assembly to draft its constitution.

Reason: The Maoists and other parties were deeply suspicious of the
Indian government and its role in Nepal’s future.

(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.

ASSERTION: Sri Lanka was dominated by forces that represented the

interest of the majority Sinhala community.
REASON: The Sinhala nationalists thought that Sri Lanka should not give
‘concessions’ to the Tamils because Sri Lanka belongs to the Sinhala
people only.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.
ASSERTION: India’s conflict with Pakistan is also over strategic issues like
the control of the Siachen glacier and over acquisition of arms.
REASON: The arms race between the two countries assumed a new
character with both states acquiring nuclear weapons and missiles to
deliver such arms against each other in the 1990s.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.

ASSERTION: But both the governments continue to be suspicious of each

other.
REASON: The Indian government has blamed the Pakistan government
for using a strategy of low-key violence, Pakistan, in turn, blames the
Indian government for fomenting trouble in the provinces of Sindh and
Baluchistan.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.

ASSERTION: India and Pakistan also have had problems over the sharing
of river waters.

REASON: They were locked in a fierce argument over the use of the rivers
of the Indus basin.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.

ASSERTION: The governments of India and Bangladesh have had

differences over several issues.

REASON: The sharing of the Ganga and Brahmaputra River waters. The
Indian government has been unhappy with Bangladesh’s denial of illegal
immigration to India, its support for anti-Indian Islamic fundamentalist
groups.

(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.

ASSERTION: Nepal and India enjoy a very special relationship that has
very few parallels in the world.

REASON: A treaty between the two countries allows the citizens of the
two countries to travel to and work in the other country without visas.

(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.
ASSERTION: Nepal and Bhutan, as well as Bangladesh and Myanmar,
have had disagreements in the past.

REASON: Disagreements in the past over the migration of ethnic

Nepalese into Bhutan and the Rohingyas into Myanmar, respectively.

(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.

ASSERTION: In spite of the many conflicts, the states of South Asia

recognise the importance of cooperation and friendly relationship, among
themselves.

REASON: The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)

is a major regional initiative by the South Asian states to evolve
cooperation through multilateral means, it began in 1985.

(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.

ASSERTION: American involvement in South Asia has rapidly increased

after the Cold War.

REASON: The US has had good relations with both India and Pakistan
since the end of the Cold War and increasingly works as a moderator in
India-Pakistan relations.

(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.