ARTICLE X exclusively to the Local

Governments
LOCAL GOVERNMENT
Sec 6. Source of Revenue via just
Sec 1. Territorial and Political
share in the national taxes.
Subdivisions Cities, Municipalities,
Determined by law. Automatically
barangays and Autonomous
released to them. Mandanas Case
regions **important**
(digest)
Sec 2. Local Gov Code, Autonomy
Sec 7. Source of Revenue
of Local Political Autonomy,
Equitable Share in Proceeds from
Administrative Autonomy (Nat’l
utilization and development of
Gov still has measure of control
National Wealth within their
over LGUs) Question: LGUs are
Respective Jurisdictions. Including
given Local Autonomy Local
sharing the same with the
autonomy is the Decentralization
inhabitants by way of Direct
of Power, but there are still powers
Benefits
that are reserved to the National
Government. Sec 8. Term of elective local
officials (except barangay officials)
Sec. 3 Local Government Code =
shall be three years; no such
Mandate of Congress. Local
official shall serve for more than
Government Code of 1991. LGC
three consecutive terms.
provides for a more accountable
Local Gov structure. Local Officials Sec 9. No question
remain accountable to the National
Sec. 10 No PCMB, may be
Government LGUs cannot pass
CreaDiviMergAbol or it Boundary
ordinances that are contrary to law
substantially altered, XPN:
Sec. 4 very important shows the accordance of criteria in the LGC,
difference between the power of REQ: Must be approved in with a
general supervision plebiscite by registered voters
(majority vote) in the jurisdiction
The Power of General Supervision
who will be affected by the
– The power of a superior officer to
CreaDiviMergAbol or BoundAlter of
oversee lower officers, to perform
the PCMB
their function according to law.
President can discipline local Sec. 11 No question **congress
officials. The President exercises may pass a law that can create a
DIRECT supervision in special metropolitan political
Independent Cities, Autonomous subdivision** MMDA v. Bel-Air
Regions and Provinces. (Charter = (read)
Law that creates the Local
Government Unit)
Sec. 12 Independent Cities – If
To ensure that the acts of their
mentioned in their charter,
component units are within the
prohibits their voters from voting
scope of their prescribed powers
for provincial elective officials.
and functions = Supervision.
Independent Component City -
Sec 5. Source of Revenue via taxes,
fees, and charges. Accrued
Highly Urbanized City – minimum
Pop of 200k, annual income of at
least 50 Mil
Sec. 13 No question
Sec. 14 No question Concept of
Regional Development Councils
AUTONOMOUS REGIONS
Sec. 15 No Question
Sec. 16 in relation to Sec. 4
with patriotism and justice, and
lead modest lives. [MEMORIZE]
Article XI: Accountability of the
Public Officers
Public Office is the right,
authority, and duty created and
conferred by law by which a given
period either fixed by law or
enduring at the pleasure of the
appointing power.

Sec. 17 No question Nature of Public Office

1.    Public Trust- means Public
Sec. 18 Duty of Congress to come
Office Position should be of
up with an Organic Act (Creates
rendering service to the public.
the Autonomous Region)
2.    Public Office is not a Property-
The creation of the the holder of the office should not
autonomous region is passed when claim that he as the full right and
approved by majority of the votes he owns his position.
cast involving the LGUs and 3.    Public Office is not a
Provinces, Cities, and Contract- anyone being removed
Geographical Areas voting from the office should not blame
favorably shall be included in the the government for any damages
Autonomous Region. he sue after being removed.

Sec. 19 No Question Impeachment –method of national

Sec. 20 No Question
Sec. 21 Preservation of Peace and
Order – duty of the local police
agencies
Defense and Security –
responsibility of the National
Government
inquest into the conduct of Public
Men.
Officials to be removed by the
Impeachment
1.    President and Vice-President
2.    Member of the Supreme Court
3.    Members of the Constitutional
Commission
4.    Ombudsman

ARTICLE XI
Grounds for Impeachment
ACCOUNTABILITY OF PUBLIC
1.    Culpable Violation of the
OFFICERS
Constitution- willing to violate the
Sec.1 Public Office is a Public constitution.
Trust. Public officers and 2.    Treason- giving alliances other
employees must, at all times, be than the Republic of the
accountable to the people, serve Philippines.
them with utmost responsibility, 3.    Bribery- accepting gift which
integrity, loyalty and efficiency; act has a certain exchange.
4.    Betrayal of the Public Trust-
loss of the trust of the public
5.    Other High Crimes
Steps on an Impeachment Trial
1.    Filling of an Impeachment
complain from the House of
Representatives.
2.    A required vote f 1/3 of the
Member of House.
3.    Impeachment Trial in the
Senate.
4.    2/3 vote of the senators to
decide the faith of the one being
impeached.
Penalty in Impeachment Case
1.    Removal to the Office.
2.    Disqualification to hold any
office in the Republic of the
Philippines.
and Bar Council to the President.
Confirmation of the Commission
on Appointment is not needed.
2.    Qualifications:
a.    Natural Born Citizen of the
Philippines
b.    Must be 40 years old on the
time of their appointment
c.    Must be member of Philippine
Bar
d.    Must have a recognized
probity and independence
3.    Term of Office – seven years
without reappointment in the
Ombudsman.

The Ombudsman (Office of the

Special Prosecutor)
-known as the “Tanodbayan”  
-serves as the WATCHDOG of the
Government Offices and Agencies.

Power of the Ombudsman

1.    Investigate- made an
investigation on a certain complain
against a Government Officials
2.    Prosecute- suggest a solution
to the complain

Composition of the Ombudsman

1.    One Over-all Deputy
Ombudsman
2.    One Deputy Ombudsman for
the 3 Major Islands in the
Philippines (Luzon, Visayas,
Mindanao)
3.    One Deputy Ombudsman on
the AFP and law enforcing Agency.

Ombudsman Personnel
Appointment and Term of Office
1.    A list of at least 6 candidate
should be passed by the Judicial