World History

The Muslim World and Africa

8.1 Origins of Islam

NAME: Jake Hagberg

DATE: 2/27/23

Islam Overview

Religion - Islam

Followers - Muslim

Monotheistic - One god (Allah)

Sacred text - Quran

Prophet - Muhammad

House of worship - mosque

Arabian Peninsula

● Mostly desert

● Seasonal pasture lands for camels, goats, and sheep

● Competition for water and grazing land often led to warfare

● Herders and tribes traded with each other

● Trading routes (caravaned)

Muhammad and Early Islam 1

Muhhamad received a call from angel Gabriel calling him to be a messenger of God.

Urged people to give up devotion to Pagan gods and worship Allah.

He lived in Mecca.

622 is the first year of the muslim calendar.

Muhammad and Early Islam 2

Define

Pilgrimage - Religious journey

Kaaba - Holy temple in Mecca

Yathrib - City Muhammad fled to

Hirja - The journey of Muhammad fleeing to Yathrib

Umma - Community of Muslims

Muhammad and Early Islam 3

● Islam served as uniting force

● Meccan leaders battled Muhammads followers; triumphant return to Mecca

in 630

● Re-designated Kaaba to Allah instead of Pagan icons

● Mecca became the most holy place in Islam

Teaching of Islam

Define

Quran - Sacred word of God as revealed to Muhammad, serves as a guide to life

Sharia - Body of law that developed out of Islam, applies religious principles to civil and legal
situations

Five Pillars of Islam

1. Declaration of faith

2. Pray five times daily

3. Give charity to poor

4. Fast sunrise to seunset during Holy month of Ramadan

5. Take pilgrimage to Mecca