Ethel May B.

Alabastro Health Education - Initial Teaching Plan

BSN - 1E
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HEPATITIS B

Hepatitis B is a liver disease. Hepatitis B is caused by a virus. The virus is not

transmitted through food or casual contact. It can be transmitted through the blood or
bodily fluids of an infected person. Babies can get it from their mothers at birth. It can
also be spread by sexual contact, reusing needles, and blood transfusions that carry the
virus.

Hepatitis B infection can be prevented by vaccination, an injection that gives the body
immunity to the virus. To ensure adequate protection against this virus, it is
recommended that everyone receive a series of three vaccinations over the months of
their baby. However, vaccination provides 90% protection. However, the risk of infection
cannot be completely eliminated.

Some infected people are able to defeat the virus quickly. Many people are infected for
life. There are usually few or no symptoms. Sometimes the liver is severely damaged,
resulting in liver failure. A common symptom of liver failure is jaundice. In this jaundice,
a person's skin and eyes turn yellow due to the accumulation of body products that are
normally filtered by the liver. Another problem with hepatitis B is that it can cause liver
cancer. There is something. Blood tests can detect signs of liver damage. If you have
these signs, treating hepatitis B can prevent the virus from damaging your liver. Antiviral
drugs are given to stop the virus from making copies of itself. However, once the virus
enters the liver, it cannot be completely cleared.

Hepatitis B is a liver disease. Hepatitis B is caused by a virus. The virus is not

transmitted through food or casual contact. It can be transmitted through the blood or
bodily fluids of an infected person. Babies can get it from their mothers at birth. It can
also be spread by sexual contact, reusing needles, and blood transfusions that carry the
virus.

Hepatitis B infection can be prevented by vaccination, an injection that gives the body
immunity to the virus. To ensure adequate protection against this virus, it is
recommended that everyone receive a series of three vaccinations over the months of
their baby. However, vaccination provides 90% protection. However, the risk of infection
cannot be completely eliminated.
Some infected people are able to defeat the virus quickly. Many people are infected for
life. There are usually few or no symptoms. Sometimes the liver is severely damaged,
resulting in liver failure. A common symptom of liver failure is jaundice. In this jaundice,
a person's skin and eyes turn yellow due to the accumulation of body products that are
normally filtered by the liver.Another problem with hepatitis B is that it can cause liver
cancer. There is something. Blood tests can detect signs of liver damage. If you have
these signs, treating hepatitis B can prevent the virus from damaging your liver. Antiviral
drugs are given to stop the virus from making copies of itself. However, once the virus
enters the liver, it cannot be completely cleared.

Pathophysiology of the Disease

HBV integrates itself into the host's DNA and uses the host's replication machinery to
replicate. ​The pathogenesis and clinical manifestations are due to the interactions of the
HBV and the host's immune system. HBV does not directly kill liver cells but as it
replicates inside liver cells, it triggers the host's cellular immune system to recognize it.
In fact, it is the host's immune system that causes liver injury. The host's immune
system recognizes HBcAg and HBsAg as foreign antigens and react by inducing the
antigen-specific T lymphocyte response. These antigen-specific T lymphocytes mature,
proliferate, and migrate to the liver where HBV resides. In acute HBV infection, most
HBV DNA is cleared from liver cells via inflammatory byproducts of CD8+ T
lymphocytes causing down-regulation of viral replication within the host's cells and
direct lysis of infected liver cells by HBV-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T cells. In chronic HBV
infection, HBV-specific T-cell responses are weak, infrequent, and narrowly focused.
Signs and Symptoms

Note: If you or someone you know is exhibiting symptoms of Hepatitis B, seek medical
attention immediately.
Common symptoms are:
● Yellow coloring of the skin and the whites of the eyes (jaundice)
● Dark urine
● Pale colored stools
● Pale coloured stools
● Pain in the area of liver or abdominal Pain
● Joint Pain
● Fever
● Itching all over the body
● Nausea and vomiting
● Loss of appetite
● Extreme fatigue and weakness

If untreated for a prolonged period it may lead to

● Liver failure
● Liver cirrhosis
● Liver cancer
● Diseases of the kidneys
● Inflammation or swelling of blood vessels
● Anemia

Hepatitis B - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Pathophysiology - Hepatitis b virus (weebly.com)
Hepatitis b: Symptoms, causes, diagnosis and treatments (msn.com)