Project Name

Transmission Line Fault Safety Project Idea

 AKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to thank the Project guide, Head of Department and Dean of Department, for
providing all the material possible and encouraging throughout the course of project. It is
great pleasure for us to acknowledgement his assistance and contributions for his prompt
and timely help in the official clearances and valuable suggestions during the development
of this project.

I would also like to express my profound gratitude to my faculty members and all my team
members for their efforts and collaboration in doing this project work.
Last but not least, I express my heartiest gratitude to almighty god and our well wishes for
their love and blessings to complete the project successfully.
 ABSTRACT
Electricity has become the most sought after amenity for
all of us. Gone are the days when electricity would be
only limited to cities. It is now reaching to every distant
parts of the world. So we have now a complex network of
power system. This power is being carried by the
transmission lines. These lines travel very long distances
so while carrying power, fault occurring is natural. These
faults damages many vital electrical equipment like
transformer, generator, transmission lines. For the
uninterrupted power supply we need to prevent these
faults as much as possible. So we need to detect faults
within the shortest possible time,
So In This Project We will use Relay detecting System
when any fault detect the relay detecting system then
relay detecting system automatic cut the transmission line
power source so our substation save by any fault ,
This project is about designing the Numerical relay where
the fault is detected when the input value exceeds the
reference value set in the relay which then gives the trip
signal to the circuit breaker .
 Chapter 1 Introduction

In This Project We solve the big problem by our idea ,

These days when three phase transmission line first wire
touch to second wire then that fault effect on substation and
sometimes substation transformer fused so we make a
system for transmission line all type of fault , for example
in transmission any fault Line to Line fault or Line to
ground fault or fire fault then that time automatic
transmission line electricity power cut so our substation safe
by that fault , So This is Our Idea For Solving This Big
Problem.

Block Diagram
 Basic Circuit Diagram Of Project Idea

1st Hand Made Relay Module Circuit

2nd Dual Channel Relay Module Circuit

Hardware Specifications :-

SN Component

1 Dual Channel 5V Relay Module / Relay

2 Temperature Module

3 Capacitor 25v/1000uf

4 LED Bulb

5 Resistor

6 5V Adopter Circuit

7 Steel Plate

8 PCB

9 Line Filter

10 AC Bulb / Holder

11 Jumper Wire

12 Hard Cover Wire

 5V Dual-Channel Relay Module

The dual-channel relay module is more or less the same as a single-

channel relay module, but with some extra features like optical

isolation. The dual-channel relay module can be used to switch mains

powered loads from the pins of a microcontroller.

 5V Relay Module

What is a 5V Relay?
A 5v relay is an automatic switch that is commonly used in an automatic control circuit
and to control a high-current using a low-current signal. The input voltage of the relay
signal ranges from 0 to 5V.

5V Relay Pin Configuration

The pin configuration of the 5V relay is shown below. This relay includes 5-pins
where each pin and its functionality are shown below.

Pin1 (End 1): It is used to activate the relay; usually this pin one end is connected to
5Volts whereas another end is connected to the ground.
Pin2 (End 2): This pin is used to activate the Relay.
Pin3 (Common (COM)): This pin is connected to the main terminal of the Load to
make it active.
Pin4 (Normally Closed (NC)): This second terminal of the load is connected to either
NC/ NO pins. If this pin is connected to the load then it will be ON before the switch.
Pin5 (Normally Open (NO)): If the second terminal of the load is allied to the NO pin,
then the load will be turned off before the switch.
 Temperature Sensor Module

NTC Thermistor temperature sensor module is low cost, small size module. It is very
sensitive to ambient temperature. It is generally used to detect the temperature of the
surrounding environment. Through potentiometer adjustment, it is possible to change the
temperature detection threshold. DO output can be directly connected to the micro
controller to detect high and low, by detecting temperature changes in the environment.
The temperature detection range of the module is between 20 and 80 degrees Celsius. This
module can be replaced with a line temperature sensor for controlling the water
temperature, water tank, etc. Generally the 4 wire method of thermistor measurement is
the most accurate, because there is effectively no current flowing in either of the
measurement cable wires and therefore no added resistance due to the cable wires.

Specifications of NTC Thermistor Temperature sensor module:-

  NTC thermistor sensor, good sensitivity

  The comparator output signal is more than 15mA.
  Possibel to adjust the temperature distribution position detection threshold
  Working voltage: 3.3V-5V
  Output form: DO digital switching outputs (0 and 1) and AO analog voltage output
  Fixed bolt hole for easy installation
  Small PCB board size: 3.2cm x 1.4cm
  uses a wide voltage comparator LM393
A voltage applied across the conductors creates an electrical field in the capacitor, which stores
energy. A capacitor operates like a battery in that, if a potential difference is applied across it
that can cause a charge greater than its "present" charge, it will be charged up.

3V DC LED Bulb We use for showing electricity generating for.

We use resistor with LED bulb

 Chapter 4 :- Working Principle

Working Principle

This Project Full Work On Relay System And Relay is an

electrical switch so relay module when received the signal then
relay cut the electricity power so this project full principle
depend on Relay Principle , The relay is the device that open or
closes the contacts to cause the operation of the other electric control.
It detects the intolerable or undesirable condition with an assigned area
and gives the commands to the circuit breaker to disconnect the
affected area. Thus protects the system from damage.

Chapter 5 Advantages And Limitations of the system

Advantages
 We can stop losses by line to line fault in Transmission Line
 We can stop losses by Ground to line fault in Transmission Line
 We can Stop Losses by Fire and Temperature Fault in Transmission Line
 This Project Save fault in transmission line so our government money save

Limitations of the system

1. For Detect Fault We need more sensor Module for every tower
2. This is now a idea for my project we did not check in real life

Chapter 6 Conclusion And Future development

 CONCLUSION

In This project we show how to save fault in transmission line and we make this project
and show successful working of project . so by our project successful work our conclusion
is this is best idea for safety many type of fault ,

Chapter 7 Reference

1) Literature Survey of Luminous, Su-Kam from google. com

2) Literature Survey of Md. A. Hussainfrom google. Com

3) https://www.flipkart.com
4) https://www.electronicscomp.com
5) www.googleimages.com

6) www.reserchgate.com

7) Various web pages form google for search of Capstone project