Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
You are on page 1of 32

PCC USP 15/06/2000

0DWHULDLVFHUkPLFRV
5HVSRQViYHLV
6LOYLD6HOPR
$QWRQLR)LJXHLUHGR

PCC 339. Direitos reservados 1


PCC USP 15/06/2000

'HILQLomRGHPDWHULDLVFHUkPLFRV

*UHJR´.(5$026µ&2,6$48(,0$'$

0DWHULDLVFRQVWLWXtGRVGHSURGXWRVTXtPLFRV
LQRUJkQLFRVH[FOXLQGRRVPHWDLVXWLOL]iYHLVDSyV
WUDWDPHQWRHPDOWDVWHPSHUDWXUDV
 $PHULFDQ&HUDPLF6RFLHW\

&RPSRQHQWHVGHFRQVWUXomRREWLGRVSRUPROGDJHP
VHFDJHPHFR]LPHQWRGHPLVWXUDVjEDVHGHDUJLODV

PCC 339. Direitos reservados 2


PCC USP 15/06/2000

+LVWyULFRGRVPDWHULDLVFHUkPLFRV

● 6XUJHPFRPRPDWHULDLVDOWHUQDWLYRVjSHGUD
● $VVtULRVD&UHJLVWURVGHFHUkPLFDYLGUDGD
● (JtSFLRVXWLOL]DomRQDFRQVWUXomR
● *UHJRVSRXFRXVR
● 5RPDQRV$OYHQDULDVF~SXODV
● 6pFXOR9,,3RUFHODQDFKLQHVD
● ÉUDEHV9DORUL]DPQD(VSDQKD
● /RQGUHV,QFrQGLRGH VXEVWLWXLomRGDVHGLILFDo}HVHP
PDGHLUDSRUDOYHQDULDVGHWLMRORV
● %UDVLOLQWURGX]LGRVSHORVSRUWXJXHVHVGXUDQWHR,PSpULR
● &RPRDSDUHFLPHQWRGHHVWUXWXUDVGHDoRFRQFUHWR
IXQomRGHYHGDomR

PCC 339. Direitos reservados 3


PCC USP 15/06/2000

$5*,/$6

1%55RFKDVH6RORV
6RORFRPFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGHSODVWLFLGDGHFRPiJXD
PROGDJHPIiFLOGHIRUPDVFRHVRTXDQGRVHFR
GLItFLOGHVDJUHJDomRSRUSUHVVmRGRVGHGRV
SDUWtFXODVPHQRUHVTXHµP DUJLORPLQHUDLV

628=$6$1726  URFKDVFRQVWLWXtGDV


HVVHQFLDOPHQWHSRUDUJLORPLQHUDLV µP 
SRGHQGRFRQWHURXWURVPLQHUDLVPDWpULD
RUJkQLFDHRXWUDVLPSXUH]DV

PCC 339. Direitos reservados 4


PCC USP 15/06/2000

(VWUXWXUDDW{PLFDGRVDUJLORPLQHUDLV

$UJLORPLQHUDLVVLOLFDWRVKLGUDWDGRVGH
DOXPtQLRIHUURHPDJQpVLRFRPSHTXHQR
WHRUGHDOFDOLQRWHUURVRV

(1) Estrutura atômica da maioria dos


(a) argilominerais, tetraedros de
(1) sílica eoctaedros de alumina.
(2) Estrutura da caulinita
Fonte: Investigacion y Ciencia, 1979
(b) (2)

(c)

(d)

PCC 339. Direitos reservados 5


PCC USP 15/06/2000

FRQVWLWXLQWHVGDVDUJLODV

© 6tOLFD6L2 


↓SODVWLFLGDGHUHWUDomRSRUVHFDJHP DUJLODV
1RVSURGXWRVFDOFLQDGRV

↓UHVLVWrQFLDjWUDomRUHVLVWrQFLDDRFKRTXHWpUPLFR
YDULDomRGDUHIUDWDULHGDGHHα,FRQIRUPHRWHRU

© Ð[LGRVGHDOXPtQLR$O 2 
 

↑UHIUDWDULHGDGHRX! FDLQHVWHLQWHUYDOR
© Ð[LGRVGHIHUUR)H 2 
 

&RQIHUHFRUDYHUPHOKDGDjVDUJLODV

↓SODVWLFLGDGH
↓UHIUDWDULHGDGH
© )HOGVSDWRVVyGLFRVSRWiVVLFRVRXFiOFLFRV
↓UHIUDWDULHGDGHSRQWRGHIXVmRHSODVWLFLGDGH
↑GHQVLGDGHGHPDVVDUHVLVWrQFLDHHVWDQTXHLGDGHSURGXWRV


PCC 339. Direitos reservados 6


PCC USP 15/06/2000

&RQVWLWXLQWHVGDVDUJLODV

© 6DLVVRO~YHLV .621D621D&O1D&2
↓SODVWLFLGDGHHUHIUDWDULHGDGH
FDXVDPHIORUHVFrQFLDV
© &DUERQDWRVRXVXOIDWRVGHFiOFLR
© 6LOLFDWRVHIRVIDWRVGHFiOFLR
)XQGHQWHV
© 0DWpULDRUJkQLFD
↑SODVWLFLGDGHUHWUDomRHSRURVLGDGH

PCC 339. Direitos reservados 7


PCC USP 15/06/2000

3ULQFLSDLVSURSULHGDGHVGDVDUJLODV

☛4XDQWRjUHWUDomRSRUVHFDJHP
ÍHTXLYDOHQWHDXPHVIRUoRLVRWUySLFRGH
FRPSUHVVmR DFDUUHWDDUHGXomRGHYROXPH
ÍGRQ~FOHRSVXSHUItFLHSHoDWHRUGHXPLGDGHYDULD
RFRUUHGLIXVmR HSRGHPVHHVWDEHOHFHUWHQV}HV
GLIHUHQFLDLV
ÍGHSHQGHGRWHRUGHXPLGDGHILQXUDGDDUJLOD
FRPS 0LQHUDOyJLFD
☛4XDQWRjJUDQXORPHWULD
ÍFRQGLFLRQDDSRURVLGDGHHFDSDFLGDGHGH
HPSDFRWDPHQWRQDWXUDOGDDUJLODÍSURGFHUkPLFRV
ÍSRUWUDWDPHQWRSUpYLRGDVDUJLODVSRGHVHDXPHQWDU
RX GLPLQXLUDSRURVLGDGHILQDOGRVSURGXWRV
FHUkPLFRV 

PCC 339. Direitos reservados 8


PCC USP 15/06/2000

3URGXomRGH&RPSRQHQWHV
&HUkPLFRV4XHLPD

Fonte: IOSHIMOTO & THOMAZ

PCC 339. Direitos reservados 9


PCC USP 15/06/2000

&RPSRQHQWHV&HUkPLFRV

&HUkPLFDEUDQFD
3yGHSHGUD DD
placas de revest. (azulejo), peças sanitárias
*UrVFHUkPLFR DD

pastilhas, ladrilhos*, anti-ácidos, peças sanitárias


3RUFHODQD DD³QXOD´
pastilhas, porcelana “elétrica”



PCC 339. Direitos reservados 10


PCC USP 15/06/2000

&RPSRQHQWHV&HUkPLFRV

&HUkPLFDYHUPHOKD
3RURVRV 9LGUDGRV
tijolos maciços comuns ladrilhos* (vidrados/esmaltados)

tijolos maciços prensados tijolos laminados

tijolos laminados tubos

blocos vazados (vidrados internamente/ vidrado


interna e externamente e não
painéis pré-fabricados vidrados)
telhas, comp. para lajes
$UJLODH[SDQGLGD
ladrilhos*, lajotas e outros.



PCC 339. Direitos reservados 11


PCC USP 15/06/2000

&RPSRQHQWHV&HUkPLFRV

5HIUDWiULRV 9LGURV
SODFDVSODQDV
VLOLFRVRV
EORFRVHWHOKDV
VtOLFRDOXPLQRVR
DOXPLQRVRV ILEUDVGHYLGUR
GHPDJQHVLWD GRPXV
GHFURPLWD OkPSDGDVOXPLQiULDV



PCC 339. Direitos reservados 12


PCC USP 15/06/2000

)DEULFDomRGRV0DWHULDLV
&HUkPLFRV

☛ 4XDQWRjXPLGDGHGHPROGDJHP
6HFRRXVHPLVHFR SUHQVDJHP

3DVWDSOiVWLFD

FRQVLVWHQWH H[WUXVmR

PROH  PROGHVWRUQR

3DVWDIOXLGD  PROGHVGHJHVVR

6HFR &RQVLVWHQWH0ROH)OXLGD
3ODFDVGHSLVRV

HGH
7LMRORVWXERV
UHYHVWLPHQWRV
EORFRVYD]DGRV 7LMRORVPDFLoRV /RXoDVVDQLWiULDV
SDVWLOKDV
WHOKDVUHIUDWiULRV
UHIUDWiULRV
WLMRORVSDUDODMHV
LVRODGRUHV
PLVWDV
HOpWULFRV

WLMRORVWHOKDV



PCC 339. Direitos reservados 13


PCC USP 15/06/2000

)DEULFDomRGRV0DWHULDLV
&HUkPLFRV

☛4XDQWRjTXHLPD
%DL[DYLWULILFDomR
R&
$OWDYLWULILFDomRR&
5HIUDWiULRVR&



PCC 339. Direitos reservados 14


PCC USP 15/06/2000

3URSULHGDGHVGRV0DWHULDLV&HUkPLFRV

➨ 3URSULHGDGHVItVLFDV
‡ 'HQVLGDGHGHPDVVDDSDUHQWH γ Dkg/m3
‡ 8PLGDGHKLJURVFySLFDGHHTXLOtEULR(expansão)
‡ $EVRUomRGHiJXD(porcelanas)
(cerâmica vermelha)

‡ 5HVLVWrQFLDDDJHQWHVTXtPLFRVvariável c/ porosidade e absorção


‡ 0RYLPHQWDo}HVKLJURVFySLFDVUHYHUVtYHLV
‡ &RHILFLHQWHGHGLODWDomRWpUPLFDOLQHDUmm/mm.oC
‡ &DORUHVSHFtILFR F cal/g.oC
‡ &RHIGHFRQGXWLYLGDGHWpUPLFD λ cal.cm/oC.cm2.s


PCC 339. Direitos reservados 15


PCC USP 15/06/2000

3URSULHGDGHVGRVPDWHULDLV
FHUkPLFRV
FRQW

➨ 3URSULHGDGHVPHFkQLFDV
‡ 5HVLVWrQFLDjFRPSUHVVmR IF 
7LMRORVHEORFRVYHGDomR!03D(mín. exigido)

&HUkPLFDYHUPHOKDHVWUXWXUDO
%ORFRVHVWUXWXUDLV03D


3ODFDVGHSLVRVDWp03D
3RUFHODQDVDWp03D
‡ 5HVLVWrQFLDjWUDomR IW DIF
‡ 0yGXORGHHODVWLFLGDGH*3DDWp*3DRXPDLV
‡ &RHILFLHQWHGH3RLVVRQ υ D
‡ 5XSWXUDIUiJLO Fonte: IOSHIMOTO & THOMAZ


PCC 339. Direitos reservados 16


PCC USP 15/06/2000

&RPSRQHQWHV
&HUkPLFRV



PCC 339. Direitos reservados 17


PCC USP 15/06/2000

3ODFDVFHUkPLFDV&RQFHLWRVILQDOPHQWH
GLIHUHQFLDGRV
1%5

● 5HYHVWLPHQWR ● 3ODFDFHUkPLFD
FHUkPLFR SDUD
‡ &RQMXQWRIRUPDGR UHYHVWLPHQWR
SRU
‡ &RPSRQHQWHRX
‡ SODFDV PDWHULDOSDUD
FHUkPLFDV UHYHVWLU
‡ DUJDPDVVDGH ‡ SLVRVH
DVVHQWDPHQWRH
‡ SDUHGHV
‡ UHMXQWH



PCC 339. Direitos reservados 18


PCC USP 15/06/2000

5HYHVWLPHQWRVFHUkPLFRV
%UHYHKLVWyULFR

● 8VRGHFRUDWLYRQD%DELO{QLD9,DF
● 1R%UDVLOLQWURGX]LGRVSHORVSRUWXJXHVHV
● 1RVpFXOR;;DSOLFDomRFILQVKLJLrQLFRVHP
EDQKHLURVHFR]LQKDV



PCC 339. Direitos reservados 19


PCC USP 15/06/2000

5HYHVWLPHQWRVFHUkPLFRV
3URSULHGDGHVJHQpULFDVH´UHJXOiYHLVµ

● ,QFRPEXVWtYHLV ● $EVRUomRGHiJXD
● $QWLDOpUJLFRV ● )DFLOLGDGHGHOLPSH]D
● +LJLHQH
● (IHLWRGHFRUDWLYR
● 5HVLVWrQFLDjDEUDVmR
● 5HVLVWrQFLDDRLPSDFWR
● 'XUDELOLGDGH



PCC 339. Direitos reservados 20


PCC USP 15/06/2000

3ODFDVFHUkPLFDV&ODVVLILFDomR

● 4XDQWRj 4XDQWRDR
FRQIRUPDomR1%5 WUDWDPHQWR

WpUPLFR
● 3UHQVDGDV
● %LTXHLPD
‡ WLSR$
● ([WUXGDGDV
‡ WLSR% ● 0RQRTXHLPD
● 2XWURVSURFHVVRV
‡ WLSR&



PCC 339. Direitos reservados 21


PCC USP 15/06/2000

3ODFDVFHUkPLFDV&ODVVLILFDomR
$FDEDPHQWRVXSHUILFLDO1%5

● (VPDOWDGDV
‡ */RX* JOD]HG
● 1mRHVPDOWDGDV
‡ 8*/RX8 XQJOD]HG



PCC 339. Direitos reservados 22


PCC USP 15/06/2000

3ODFDVFHUkPLFDV&ODVVLILFDomR
$EVRUomRGHiJXD1%5

● WLSR, D ● 0DVVDVHFD


‡ DD R&
‡ ED ‡ 0VH

● WLSR,, D ● 0DVVDVDWXUDGDS


IHUYXUDGXUDQWHK
‡ DD
‡ 0VDW
‡ ED ● $EVRUomR
● WLSR,,, ! ‡ 0VDW0VH0VH



PCC 339. Direitos reservados 23


PCC USP 15/06/2000

3ODFDVFHUkPLFDV&ODVVLILFDomR
4XDQWRjDEVRUomRGHiJXD$1)$&(5

● 3RUFHODQDWR
● *UrVD
● 6HPLJUrVD
● 6HPLSRURVDVD
● 3RURVDVD



PCC 339. Direitos reservados 24


PCC USP 15/06/2000

3ODFDVFHUkPLFDVSURSULHGDGHV
VHPSUHH[LJLGDV
ÉUHD!FP

● 7ROHUkQFLDVGLPHQVLRQDLV
‡ ODGRV
‡ HVSHVVXUD
‡ RUWRJRQDOLGDGH
‡ FXUYDWXUDV
‡ HPSHQR
● DVSHFWRVXSHUILFLDO
● WRQDOLGDGH



PCC 339. Direitos reservados 25


PCC USP 15/06/2000

3ODFDVFHUkPLFDV
SURSULHGDGHVVHPSUHH[LJLGDV

● $EVRUomRGHiJXDGHD 7ROHUkQFLDDWp
‡ DoRXJXHVVDXQDVODWLFtQLRV HP
UHODomRDRV
PDWDGRXURVFkPDUDVIULJRUtILFDV
OLPLWHVWLSR,DH
● $EVRUomRGHiJXDD ,E
‡ 3LVFLQDVSLVRVHPSRVWRVGH
JDVROLQDSLVRVLQGXVWULDLVJDUDJHQV
SLVRVS~EOLFRVDOWRWUiIHJRIDFKDGDV
HWHUUDoRVHVFDGDVHUDPSDV
● $EVRUomRGHiJXDGHD
‡ %DQKHLURVUHVLGHQFLDLV
FKXUUDVTXHLUDVODUHLUDVSDUHGHVHP
JHUDO



PCC 339. Direitos reservados 26


PCC USP 15/06/2000

3ODFDVFHUkPLFDV
SURSULHGDGHVVHPSUHH[LJLGDV

● 5HVLVWrQFLDDRJUHWDPHQWR



PCC 339. Direitos reservados 27


PCC USP 15/06/2000

3ODFDVFHUkPLFDV
SURSULHGDGHVVHPSUHH[LJLGDV

PRENSADAS
&RQIRUPDomR 3ODFDVWLSR$ DEVRUomR
   !
   
05) 0pG
!
   
03D ,QGLY
H!    
&5 PP
!
H    
1 PP



PCC 339. Direitos reservados 28


PCC USP 15/06/2000

3ODFDVFHUkPLFDV
SURSULHGDGHVVHPSUHH[LJLGDV

&RQIRUPDomR 3ODFDVWLSR% DEVRUomR EXTRUDADAS


    !
    
05) 0pG
!
    
03D ,QGLY
H!     
&5 PP
!
H     
1 PP



PCC 339. Direitos reservados 29


PCC USP 15/06/2000

3ODFDVFHUkPLFDV
SURSULHGDGHVSDUDSLVRV

● 3(, ● 3(,
‡ 3LVRVS~EOLFRVGHDOWR ‡ &kPDUDVIULJRUtILFDV
WUiIHJRVKRSSLQJV ‡ (VWDEHOHFLPHQWRV
DHURSRUWRVIDVWIRRGV FRPHUFLDLV
‡ 3LVRVLQGXVWULDLV ‡ (QWUDGDVGHKRWpLV
‡ 3RVWRVGHJDVROLQD ‡ 6KRZURRQVVDO}HV
‡ *DUDJHQV GHYHQGD
‡ /DWLFtQLRV ‡ (VFDGDVHUDPSDV
‡ $oRXJXHV
‡ 0DWDGRXURV



PCC 339. Direitos reservados 30


PCC USP 15/06/2000

3ODFDVFHUkPLFDV
SURSULHGDGHVSDUDSLVRV

● 3(, ● 3(,
‡ ● 
‡ UHVLGrQFLDV ‡ %DQKHLURVH
FR]LQKDV TXDUWRV
FRUUHGRUHVKDOO ● 
GHHQWUDGDH
TXLQWDLV ‡ 'HVDFRQVHOKiYHO
SDUDSLVRV
‡
‡ TXDUWRVVHP
SRUWDVH[WHUQDV



PCC 339. Direitos reservados 31


PCC USP 15/06/2000

5HYHVWLPHQWRVFHUkPLFRV
SULQFLSDLVSDWRORJLDV

● 'HVFRODPHQWRV ● 'HIHLWRVSUHFRFHVQR
● (IORUHVFrQFLDV SLVRSRUGHILFLrQFLD
● 'HIHLWRVSUHFRFHV LPSHUPHDELOL]DomR
HPSODFDVGH EDVH
SLVRSDUHGH ‡ (IORUHVFrQFLDV
‡ *UHWDPHQWR ‡ /DVFDPHQWRGR
HVPDOWH
‡ 5LVFDPHQWRV
‡ /DVFDPHQWRV EDL[D
UHVLVWrQFLDD
LPSDFWR
‡ 0DQFKDPHQWRV



PCC 339. Direitos reservados 32

You might also like