VICERRECTORIA PREUNIVERSITARIA

PHYSICS II

Name: __________________________________________
Activity 16 Magnetic Fundamentals

Aims: Describe fundamental principles of magnetism

Description of the activity:

Explore the concepts of :

1. Magnetism= a physical phenomenon produced by the motion of electric charge, resulting in attractive
and repulsive forces between objects.
2. Magnet= An object which is capable of producing magnetic field and attracting unlike poles and
repelling like poles.
3. natural magnet= minerals or metals that generate a stable magnetic field without artificial
inducement.
4. artificial magnet,= Magnets which are made from iron in different shape and sizes
5. permanent magnet,= a magnet that retains its magnetism after removal of the magnetizing force.
• Magnetic poles: The two points on a magnet where the magnetic force is the strongest are called
the magnetic poles. They are usually referred to as the North and South poles.
• Magnetic field: The magnetic field is a region in space around a magnet or an electric current
where the magnetic force can be detected.
• Direction of the magnetic field: The magnetic field lines always point from the north pole of a
magnet to the south pole outside the magnet and from the south pole to the north pole inside the
magnet.
• Law of the poles: The law of the poles states that opposite magnetic poles attract each other, while
like poles repel each other.
• Geomagnetism: Geomagnetism is the study of the Earth's magnetic field and its effects on the
planet.
• Electromagnetism: Electromagnetism is a branch of physics that deals with the study of electric
and magnetic fields and their interactions.
• Electromagnet: An electromagnet is a type of magnet that is created by passing an electric current
through a wire wrapped around a magnetic core.
• Magnetic induction: Magnetic induction is the process by which a magnetic field is created in a
material when it is placed in an external magnetic field.
• Tesla: Tesla is the unit of measurement used to express the strength of a magnetic field.
• Solenoid or coil: A solenoid or coil is a length of wire wrapped around a cylindrical core, which
creates a magnetic field when an electric current is passed through it.
• Generator: A generator is a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.
• Motor and electric transformer: A motor is a device that converts electrical energy into mechanical
energy, while an electric transformer is a device that changes the voltage of an alternating current
(AC) electrical supply.

Integrate the concepts to the glossary with the definition that you found and with your own
Reflexion. ( Note: don’t forget to include the References)

2. Write True or False on each statement.

 VICERRECTORIA PREUNIVERSITARIA
PHYSICS II

1. Magnets can occur naturally or be man-made. _True____

2. Magnetic poles never occur in isolation, always in pairs. __True____
3. Breaking a magnet causes it to become magnetically weaker. _False_______
4. Every piece of iron is a magnet. _ False______________
5. In a bar magnet the direction of the field is from south to north. _ False______________
6. By breaking a magnet you obtain a positive only magnet and a negative only one False_____________
7. Magnetic therapy has sound scientific support. __ False_____________
8. The idea of magnets attracting blood and healing aches and pains is bunk. __True ______
9. The magnetic poles of the Earth coincide with the geographic poles. _ False___________________
10. Scientists can exactly explain why the Earth itself is a magnet. ___ False_________________

3. Complete the next statements.

11. While attraction or repulsion of charges depends on their signs, positive or negative, attraction or
repulsion of magnets depends on their magnetic ___poles___________: ____north____________
or __south______________.
12. Opposite poles attract; like poles ____repel_____________.
13. A magnetic field is produced by the ___movement______________ of electric charge.
14. The magnetic fields of individual iron atoms are so strong that interactions among adjacent iron
atoms cause large clusters of them to line up with one another. These clusters of magnetically aligned
atoms are called magnetic ___domains______________.
15. A magnetic __field_____________ surrounds a magnetic-carrying wire.
16. A current carrying coil of wire with many loops is called a ___solenoid__________
17. Charged particles in motion are surrounded by both an ___electric____________ and a
___magnetic______________ field.
18. In a bar magnet, the magnetic field is stronger at the __poles_______________.
19. Most common magnets are made from alloys containing ____nickel ___________,
_____iron________ and __cobalt___________.
20. The largest size magnet in the world is the ___earth_________ itself
21. Explain how a compass works.
A compass works by using a magnetic needle that aligns with the Earth's magnetic field to show the
direction of North.

22. Mention several ways to produce a magnet.

By stroking a piece of ferromagnetic material with a permanent magnet, which aligns the magnetic
domains and makes it into a permanent magnet.
By passing an electric current through a coil of wire wrapped around a ferromagnetic core to create
an electromagnet.
By exposing a ferromagnetic material to a strong external magnetic field, such as from an
electromagnet, which can induce magnetization in the material.
 VICERRECTORIA PREUNIVERSITARIA
PHYSICS II

23. Mention 5 uses of magnetism in instruments of daily life.

Magnetic closures on bags, purses, and jackets to keep them closed.
Magnetic clasps on jewelry to make them easier to put on and take off.
Magnetic stripes on credit cards and IDs for storing information.
Magnetic locks on doors and cabinets for security purposes.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) machines in hospitals for diagnostic imaging.

Evaluation Criteria:

Glossary Evaluation Indicators

Include at least the requested concepts

Order alphabetically the concepts
Definition of at least two authors (reference them)
Student interpretation from the research

Timeline evaluation indicators

1. Period agreement
2. Information clarity
3. Image selection
4. Collaboration
5. Creativity and Originality
Questionnaire evaluation criteria

1. Usage of correct terminology and notation, making easy to understand his work.
2. Demonstrate complete understanding of the scientific method for solving exercises.
3. Presents the work in an ordered, clear and organized manner, making it easy to read.
5. Follow the guidelines for the work delivery.