SOUND

 Sound is one form of energy. It travels in waves.

Through the air , sound travels at a speed of 331
meters per second at 0 c.
 Sound is produced by vibration.
 A loud sound produced if the vibration is big and
soft if it is small.
 Echo is a sound wave that is reflected from a
hard surface. The means that the sound bounces
back. The sound wave that bounces back is called
echo.
 The properties of sounds are :
1. Intensity – is the power carried by sound
waves
2. Frequency means pitch
3. Quality or timbre refers to character, texture
and colour of a sound.
 Sound is carried by liquids. Sound travels in
liquid 4 times after in air at 1,450 meters per
second
 Echoes are usede to determine the distances of
objects and the depth of the sea.
 Noise is thee undesirable sound which disturbs
the activities of human or animals.
 Echolocation is the transmission of sound waves
to locate objects.

 LIGHT
 Light travels in a straight lines.
 Reflection is the bounces of light. If the surface
is smooth and shiny like glass, water or polished
metal , the light will reflect.
 Refraction is the bending of light as it passes
from one substance to another of different
density.
 Shadow will form when you blocked the light.
Kinds of Materials
 Transparent allow all light to pass through
Examples. Plastic cup, eyeglasses, drinking glass
 Translucent allow light to pass through partially
Examples : frosted window, wax paper
cellophane
 Opaque objects do not allow light to pass through
Examples : book, chair, ballpen
 Rainbow is an optical phenomenon that can occur
under certain meteorological conditions. It is
caused by reflection, refraction and dispersion of
light in water droplets resulting in an effect
similar to a spectrum of light apperaring in the
sky. It takes the form of multi-coloured circular
arc.