Marang (Artocarpus odoratissimus) seeds as a

Potential Material for Plant-Based Plastic

Exclusive Summary

Emerging plant-based plastics is a field that is continually evolving, with regular

advancements leading to resins that are as good as or better than conventional

polymers, more environmentally friendly, and more affordable (Bennet Plastics Inc.,

2023).

The study conducted by Arollado, et al. (2018), have found that starch isolated on

some fruits including marang seeds has unique properties. Marang seeds are rich in

starch which is a component and material in making bioplastics. Jackfruits which come

from the same family as marang, and other crops that highly contain starch have

already been proven to be material for plant-based plastics

Bioplastics enable the development of creative, alternative solutions. Moreover,

biobased polymers improve a product's carbon footprint while reducing reliance on fossil

fuels. Enhancements to end-of-life situations for recycling and disposal are possible with

biodegradable polymers (Feddersen, 2022). There is a lack of studies that showcases

the potential of marang seeds as a material for bioplastic. This may make it easier for

the environment and our current waste management methods. Since it has been proven

that starch is the main component of some bioplastics, the study will be conducted to

learn and to determine if marang seeds could be used in more valuable materials that

can help reduce plastic usage in our economy and widen our knowledge in different

usage.
Statement of the Problem:

This study aims to evaluate the Marang (Artocarpus odoratissimus) seeds as a Potential

Material for Plant-Based Plastic.

Specifically, this research seeks the answers to the following question:

1. Is Marang (Artocarpus odoratissimus) seeds a potential material for Plant- base

plastic?

2. What are the components of the Marang (Artocarpus odoratissimus) seeds

enable them to become a potential material for plant base plastics?

3. Is the Plant-base plastic made from Marang (Artocarpus odoratissimus) seeds

potential enough to be used as a plastic substitute?

Research Objectives

This study is intended to carry out the following objectives:

1. To determine if Marang (Artocarpus odoratissimus) seeds are a potential material

for Plant- base plastic.

2. To identify what are the components of the Marang (Artocarpus odoratissimus)

seeds that enable them to become a potential material for plant base plastics.

3. To investigate if the Plant-base plastic made from Marang (Artocarpus

odoratissimus) seeds is the potential enough to be used as a plastic substitute.

Why did you conduct the study?

There is a need to conduct this because, for generations, the global use of plastic

has always been a problem for our planet, and as we go on with Emerging plant-based

plastics our innovation has helped our environment. During our research, we have also

found out that most of the root crops that are rich in starch are already a component of

these bioplastics but limited sources showcase the use of seeds as material. Our study

aims to find out if Marang (Artocarpus odoratissimus) seeds are a potential material for

Plant- base plastic and this is why there is indeed a need to conduct our study.

Significance of the Study

Environment. This will contribute to the environment by reducing pollution, this

study aims to produce bioplastics that could decompose easily and could not harm any

living things, and are completely organic.

Community. The community would experience less consumption of plastic.

Individuals in the community will switch to using bioplastics because of its low cost, eco-

friendly and other benefits.

Citizens. This can benefit people by gaining and improving their knowledge and

can help them to realize the importance of organic materials compared to single-use

plastics.

Future researchers. Future researchers would also benefit greatly from this

work. If somebody were to perform research on this subject, it may provide information

about any future studies that they plan to do in a similar field.

Scope and Limitation

The study will be limited only to determine if Marang (Artocarpus odoratissimus)

seeds are a Potential Material for Plant-Based Plastic. The study will be conducted in

Cabugan, Bag – ong lungsod, Tandag City, Surigao del Sur. The marang seeds will be

collected in one of the proponent’s properties where the plant can be available. This can

be the best location for the researcher, in which rapid harvest and constant observation

could be relied upon. After collecting the materials, the researchers will soon proceed in

conducting the experiment around September.

 Effectiveness of Pomelo (Citrus maxima) as an Anticoagulant

Exclusive Summary

Pomelo (Citrus maxima) extract, which may be tested in the future as an

antithrombotic and anti-embolic agent, will be studied for its anticoagulant properties.

The human body is more than just a vessel for our soul to reside. No matter how much

care and responsibility we exercise, nothing is fixed, not even our vulnerabilities and

limitations in pursuit of a state of perfect health.

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to evaluate the Pomelo extract and to investigate on the

anticoagulant activity of the extract collected from the Pomelo.

Specifically, this research seeks the answers of the following question:

1. What are the secondary metabolites present in Pomelo extract based on thin-

layer chromatographic screening?

2. Is there a significant difference in terms of blood clotting time between the

positive control or commercial anticoagulant and Pomelo extract?

3. Is there a significant difference in terms of blood clotting time between the

negative control or placebo and Pomelo extract?

Research Objectives

This study is intended to carry out the following objectives:

1. To determine the secondary metabolites, present in Pomelo extract based on

thin-layer chromatographic screening.

2. To investigate if there is a significant difference in terms of blood clotting time

among the positive control or commercial anticoagulant and Pomelo extract.

3. To identify the significant difference in terms of blood clotting time between the

negative control or placebo and Pomelo extract.

Significance of the Study

This study may contribute knowledge and provide data for further research in natural

products. Therefore, the researchers attempt to study the effect of Pomelo extract as an

anticoagulant agent on the variables involved in this study.

Specifically, this study will benefit the following:

Students. This study will enhance the skills and competence of students in improving

their knowledge in the field of medicine.

Medical Professionals. This study will encourage more knowledge and understanding

about the importance of some fruits and the components it contains. This will help in

attaining quality healthcare for patients and satisfying the goals of different practitioners.
Filipino Community. This study will inform the community about the action of Pomelo

extract as an anticoagulant agent. Moreover, this will help the public who live in poverty

level enduring disease that is in need of expensive medications due to the abundance

of the fruit.

Scope and Limitation

This study deals with the collection, identification, and evaluation of the

Grapefruit Juice extract for its anticoagulation property. This study is limited only to the

chemical analysis and anticoagulation activity of the Grapefruit Juice extract in the

evaluation of a human blood sample. The study will be conducted in Tandag City but

will also depend on the laboratory location that will be assessing these findings. This

can be the best location for the researcher, in which reliable sources and information

could easily be accessed in hands of professionals. The researchers will soon proceed

in conducting the experiment around June.

 Effectiveness of Chayote (Sechium Dule) Sap as a Substitute for Glue

Exclusive Summary

The study aims is to determine whether chayote sap is effective and appropriate for

use in producing glue. The study will look at the qualities of chayote, assess how long

the glue-like effects of the chayote sap will endure, and determine the most effective

chayote dosage, concentration, and formulation. The study could have profound

implications for non-toxic, eco-friendly, and fairly priced goods. The study could

decrease the emission of dangerous air pollutants like formaldehyde by creating

substitute adhesives that don't release chemicals that cause cancer into the air and

enhance the environment and human health.

Statement of the Problem

Research Objectives

This study is intended to carry out the following objectives:

1. Investigates the suitability and efficiency of chayote sap as a glue-making

ingredient

2. Determine if how long will chayote sap's effects as a glue.

3. Identifying the materials for which chayote glue is appropriate.

Significance of the Study:

This study may contribute knowledge and provide data for further research in natural

making of glue. Therefore, the researchers attempt to study the Effectiveness of

chayote (Sechium edule) sap as a feasible substitute for glue.

Specifically, this study will benefit the following:

Environment. This will contribute to the Environment by reducing the

environmental impact of traditional synthetic glues, which are often made from

petrochemicals and can have harmful effects on the environment.

Citizens. This study will help citizens cut cost because it could provide a cost-

effective alternative for industries that rely on glue for their products. This could

potentially reduce production costs and make certain products more affordable for

consumers.

Local Farmers. The Local farmers would benefit from this study, because if

proven true the use of chayote sap as glue could promote local agriculture and provide

a new market for Local Farmers.

Future researchers. This study could contribute to the future scientific

understanding of the chemical properties of chayote sap and its potential applications

beyond its traditional use as a food source.

Scope and Limitation:

The study will only be used to ascertain the Effectiveness of Chayote(Sechium

Dule) sap as a feasible substitute for glue. This study will be conducted in Tandag City,

Surigao del sur.