ASSIGNMENT

Unit 2: Evolution of Management Thought

1. What were the early approaches to management by Robert Owen?

Unlike other mill owners of the time, Owen kept his

employees on full pay just to maintain the factory machinery
in a clean, working condition. This approach of fair
management proved to be successful, and as returns from
the business grew Owen began to alter the working
environment.

2. What are the limitations of scientific management?

Although Taylor's methods led to dramatic enhances in productivity and to

higher pay in a number of instances, workers and unions began to oppose
his approach due to they feared that working harder or faster would
exhaust whatever work was available, causing layoffs.
The proponents of scientific management were of the opinion that
people were rational and were motivated primarily by the desire for
material gain. Taylor and followers overlooked the social needs of the
workers and overemphasized their economic and physical needs

3. What are four parts of Hawthorne Studies?

1.Illumination Experiments.
2. Relay Assembly Test Room Experiments. 
3.Mass Interviewing Programme.
4. Bank Wiring Observation Room Experiment

4. What is Contingency Theory?

A contingency theory is an organizational theory that
claims that there is no best way to organize a
corporation, to lead a company, or to make
decisions.