MATHEMATICS IN

THE MODERN
WORLD

BY: Solielriego
GOOD DAY,
CLASSMATE!
Ready for study today?
WHAT IS
MEDIAN?
Median is one of the measures of central tendency in statistics which
gives the value of the middle-most observation in the data. We can
calculate the median for different types of data such as ungrouped
data and grouped data using relevant formulas.

Grouped data is the data that is categorized into groups after its
collection. The raw data can be categorized into various groups using
a frequency table.

Ungrouped data, which is also called raw data, is the data that has
not been placed in any group or category after its collection. Data is
in the form of numbers or characteristics; therefore, the data that has
not been put in any type is ungrouped.
HOW TO CALCULATE THE
MEDIAN?
To find the median, place all the numbers in
ascending order and find the middle.

Example 1:
Find the Median of 14, 63 and 55
solution:
Put them in ascending order: 14, 55, 63
The middle number is 55, so the median is 55.
 HOW TO FIND MEDIAN OF
UNGROUPED DATA
For ungrouped data, we can find the median of numbers by
considering the number of observations. Let’s learn what is the
formula of the median for a set of data values.

WHEN THE NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS

IS ODD:
First, arrange the data values in ascending order or descending order.
Example 1: The Clintons drove through 7 states in their winter holidays,
and the petrol prices were different from state to state. Find the median
of these petrol prices.
$1.59, $1.31, $1.96, $3.09, $1.64, $1.55, $2.61
 Solution:
Order the given data from smallest to greatest is given by:
$1.31, $1.55, $1.59, $1.64, $1.96, $2.61, $3.09
Here, the number of values = 7 (odd)
Median = [(n + 1)/2]th observation
=[(7 + 1)/2]th observation
= 4th observation
= $1.64
Therefore, the median petrol price is $1.64.

WHEN THE NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS

IS EVEN:
Example 2: ​The points scored by a Kabaddi team in a series of matches
are as follows:
17, 2, 7, 27, 15, 5, 14, 8, 10, 24, 48, 10, 8, 7, 18, 28
Find the median of the points scored by the team.
 Solution:
Arranging the points scored by the team in ascending order, we get;
2, 5, 7, 7, 8, 8, 10, 10, 14, 15, 17, 18, 24, 27, 28, 4
Number of observations = n = 16
n/2 = 16/2 = 8
(n/2) + 1 = (16/2) + 1 = 8 + 1 = 9
Here, the median will be the average of 8th and 9th observations.
Median = (10 + 14)/2 = 24/2 = 12
Hence, the median of the points scored by the Kabaddi team is 12.

HOW TO FIND MEDIAN OF GROUPED

DATA
The formula to find the median of given frequency distribution, i.e., for
grouped data is:
Median = l + [(N/2 – cf)/f] × h
Here,
l = Lower limit of the median class
N = Sum of frequencies
cf = Cumulative frequency of the class preceding the median
class
f = Frequency of median class
h = Class height
Now, go through the below-solved problem to know how to apply
the formula to find the median from a frequency table.
 EXAMPLE ON MEDIAN OF
GROUPED DATA
Example 1: A survey on the heights (in cm) of 50 girls of class X
was conducted at a school and the following data was obtained:

120- 120- 130- 140- 150- 160-

Total
130 130 140 150 160 170

Numbe
r of 2 8 12 20 8 50
girls
Solution:
To find the median, we need cumulative frequencies.
Consider the table:
Class Intervals No. of girls (fi) Cumulative frequency (c)

120-130 2 8

130-140 8 2 + 8 = 10

140-150 12 10 + 12 = 22

150-160 20 22 + 20 = 42

160-170 8 42 + 8 = 50
n = 50, n/2 = 25
Median class = 150 - 160
l = 150, c = 22, f = 20, h = 10
Median = l + [(n/2−c)/f] × h = 150 + [((50/2) - 22)/20] × 10 = 150 +
1.5 = 151.5
Therefore, the Median = 151.5.
 THANK YOU!
See you in the next study session.