The Vocabulary of The 5-Letter Words

The Vocabulary of the
5-Letter Words
Joannes Richter
Language Sky-god Virtue Wisdom Virtue Justice

1 Germanic *Teiws - TEIWS Wotan (from: to wit) or (W)Odin Tiwaz – TIWAZ
and his son: Víðarr VIDAR
2a Old Greek 1 Zeus (from: DIEUS) *Weyds - WEYDS (to see) ?
2b Early Greek 2 Zeus (from: DIEUS) Metis - METIS Themis – ΘEMIS
2c Classic Greek 3 Zeus (from: DIEUS) Athina (AΘINA, Pallas Athena) ?
3 Etruscan TINIA Menrva - MEN(i)RVA ?
4a Old Latin 1 JU-piter (from: DIOUS) VIDΕS (“to see”)
4b Classic Latin 2 JU-piter (from: DIOUS) Minerva (“wisdom”) - MINERVA
Table 1 The words for the sky-god and the virtues Wisdom and Justice
Abstract
In retrospect there must have been a Word before the alphabet was to be composed. Probably each
alphabet may have been composed around a Word or even a Set of Words.
In some languages (English and Dutch) the remains of the Set of Words may be found in the Days
of the Week, which in English still are capitalized: Tuesday, Wednesday.
Usually the Thursday is devoted to the sky-god Týr (Gothic: *TEIWS, later *Tīus, Provencal:
DIÉU, Sanskrit: DIAUS). The Tuesday is devoted to the virtue TIW(ES) for Justice and the
Wednesday to the virtue WIT(ES) for Wisdom1.
Basically these words share the same roots as letters T, E, I, W, S, which may be reordered to
complete the Set of Words virtue TIW(ES), respectively WIT(ES).
These 5 categories for the alphabetic letters symbolize the 5 main (active and passive) articulators
in the Places of Articulation: the tongue, the lips, the palate, the teeth and the thoath.
The following vocabulary lists the 5-letter words, which refer to the 5 categories for the alphabetic
letters. The categories are highlighted as follows: lingual, labial, palatal, dental and guttural. The
categories follow Rabbi Saadia Gaon's commentary to the Sefer Jetsirah.
1 Why Wotan is Related to Metis and Minerva...

The Vocabulary of 5-Letter Words (~444 words)
According to a comment to the Sefer Jetsirah the letters in the Hebrew alphabet had been
categorized according to 5 categories, which are based on the 5 phonetic sources where the human
voice is generating the phonetic sounds.
Based on Rabbi Saadia Gaon's Judeo-Arabic commentary on “Sefer Yetzirah” (chapter
4, paragraph 3), wherein he describes the phonetic sounds of the 22 characters of the
Hebrew alphabet and classifies them in groups based on their individual sounds: “Aleph
( ‫)א‬, hé (‫)ה‬, ḥet (‫)ח‬, ‘ayin (‫ )ע‬are [gutturals sounds] produced from the depth of the
tongue with the opening of the throat, but bet (‫)ב‬, waw (‫)ו‬, mim (‫)מ‬, pé (‫ )פ‬are [labial
sounds] made by the release of the lips and the end of the tongue; whereas gimel (‫)ג‬,
yōd (‫)י‬, kaf (‫)כ‬, quf (‫ )ק‬are [palatals] separated by the width of the tongue [against the
palate] with the [emission of] sound. However, daleth (‫)ד‬, ṭet (‫)ט‬, lamed (‫)ל‬, nūn (‫)נ‬, tau
(‫ )ת‬are [linguals] separated by the mid-section of the tongue with the [emission of]
sound; whereas zayin (‫)ז‬, samekh (‫)ס‬, ṣadi (‫)צ‬, resh (‫)ר‬, shin (‫ )ש‬are [dental sounds]
produced between the teeth by a tongue that is at rest.2”
If we list the Hebrew alphabetical letters in their correct columns we may observe the following
theonyms I10-Ε5-V6 and T9-I10-Ε5-V6-S15 in the 2nd row of the 2-dimensional table. Similar words
may also be identified in the 2-dimensional tables for most European alphabets, the runic Futhark
and Ogham signaries3:
row lingual palatal guttural labial dental

5 Taw T22 Shin S21
4 Nun N14 Qoph K19 Ayin Gh16 Pe Ph17 Resh R20
3 Lamedh L12 Kaph Ch11 Heth H8 Mem M13 Tsade Ts18
2 Teth T9 Yodh I10 He Ε5 Waw V6 Samekh S15
1 Dalet D4 Gimel G3 Aleph Æ1 Bet B2 Zayin Z7
Table 2 The display of the theonyms I10-Ε5-V6 and T9-I10-Ε5-V6-S15 in the Hebrew alphabet
In the short video “Το αίνιγμα της καταγωγής του αλφαβήτου” Kosmas Theodorides describes the
Proto-Alphabēton as a sequence of 23 letters, which is structured between the 5-vowels
Pentagrammaton AEIOY (consisting the 5 vowels Alpha, Epsilon, Iota, Omicron and Upsilon):
1. 1 vowel A, followed by 3 consonants (Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta),
2. 1 vowel E, followed by 4 consonants (Epsilon, digamma4, Zeta, Eta, Theta),
3. 1 vowel I, followed by 5 consonants (Iota, Kappa, Lambda , Mu , Nu, Xi),
4. 1 vowel O and followed by 6 consonants (Omicron, Pi , San5, Qoppa, Rho, Sigma, Tau),
5. 1 vowel Y (Upsilon).
Comparing the Hebrew and Greek alphabets we may be able to categorize the Greek letters.
2 Footnote in Modern Hebrew phonology (quoted in The Composition of the Sky-God's Name in PIE-Languages)
3 Understand your Alphabet
4 digamma or wau (uppercase: Ϝ, lowercase: ϝ, numeral: ϛ) is an archaic letter of the Greek alphabet. It originally
stood for the sound /w/ but it has remained in use principally as a Greek numeral for 6.
5 San (Ϻ) was an archaic letter of the Greek alphabet. Its shape was similar to modern M or Mu, or to a modern
Greek Sigma (Σ) turned sideways, and it was used as an alternative to Sigma to denote the sound /s/.
Comparing the Hebrew and the Greek alphabets
The Greek Proto-Alphabēton (the ἀλφάβητον) may be compared to the structure of the Hebrew
alphabet. Apart from the terminal letter Upsilon in the Greek alphabet the categorizing structures of
both alphabets may be considered as more or less identical.
The Greek Proto-Alphabēton

The Greek Proto-Alphabēton (the 23-letter ἀλφάβητον) is structured as follows:
• 1 vowel A, followed by 3 consonants (Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta),
• 1 vowel E, followed by 4 consonants (Epsilon, Digamma6, Zeta, Eta, Theta),
• 1 vowel I, followed by 5 consonants (Iota, Kappa, Lambda, Mu, Nu, Xi),
• 1 vowel O and followed by 6 consonants (Omicron, Pi , San7, Qoppa, Rho, Sigma, Tau),
• 1 vowel Y (Upsilon).

5 Tau T22 Upsilon U/Y23 Sigma S21 3
4 Nu N14 Qoppa K19 Omicron O16 Pi Π17 Rho R20 5
3 Lambda Λ12 Kappa Ch11 Eta H8 Mu M13 San S18 5
2 Theta Θ9 Iota I10 Epsilon Ε5 Digamma Ϝ/V6 Xi Ξ15 5
1 Delta Δ4 Gamma Γ3 Alpha A1 Beta B2 Zeta Z7 5
sum 5 4 4 5 5 23
Table 3 The display of the theonym Θ9-I10-Ε5-V6-S15 in the ἀλφάβητον alphabet
The Hebrew alphabet

In the Hebrew alphabet only the terminal letter Upsilon U23 is missing.

5 Taw T22 Shin S21 2
4 Nun N14 Qoph K19 Ayin Gh16 Pe Ph17 Resh R20 5
3 Lamedh L12 Kaph Ch11 Heth H8 Mem M13 Tsade Ts18 5
2 Teth T9 Yodh I10 He Ε5 Waw V6 Samekh S15 5

1 Dalet D4 Gimel G3 Aleph Æ1 Bet B2 Zayin Z7 5
sum 5 4 4 4 5 22
Table 4 The display of the theonyms I10-Ε5-V6 and T9-I10-Ε5-V6-S15 in the Hebrew alphabet
6 digamma or wau (uppercase: Ϝ, lowercase: ϝ, numeral: ϛ) is an archaic letter of the Greek alphabet. It originally
stood for the sound /w/ but it has remained in use principally as a Greek numeral for 6.
7 San (Ϻ) was an archaic letter of the Greek alphabet. Its shape was similar to modern M or Mu, or to a modern
Greek Sigma (Σ) turned sideways, and it was used as an alternative to Sigma to denote the sound /s/.
Appendix - The vocabulary of the pentagrammatons
The following dictionary documents a number (~444) of perfect pentagrammatons in various
languages. Only a subset of these words (with a yellow marked P-Label) have been composed as
pentagrammatons. Other words unintentionally may have turned into pentagrammatons.
50% of the words may be interpreted as pentagrammatons. The other 50% of the words are
accidentally shaped to pentagrammatons.
#
Pentagram P Information Definitions Language
1. A
ADUZI P Adige , ladinisch Adesc, trentinisch Àdes, Adige (river) Italian
ETUSC P Adisch , Etsch Etsch German
2. A
AFRIN P Afrin – City and tributary of the Orontes river Afrin Turkish
3. A
AGNUS P agnus, Agnus Dei - (Noun) A lamb, especially Lamb Latin
one used as a sacrifice.
4. A
AINU(S) P Ainu (human) - native people of Hokkaido, human Ainu
Sakhalin and the Kurils
5. A
AÍSŌN P Αἴσων - king of Iolcus. Father of Jason Aeson Old- Greek
6. A
ALBIS P Elbe, Latin Albis, meaning "river" or "river-bed" Albis (river) Latin
LABSK P tschech LABSK Elbe German
7. A
ALPIS P Tributary of the Danube in Herodotus (4. 49) Alpis (river) Latin
8. A
AMRIT P Nectar, s. AMṚTAṂ in Amrit – Yogawiki Nectar Sanskrit
9. A
AMRIT P Amrit - a Phoenician port located near present- Amrit Phoenician
day Tartus in Syria. (haven) (?)
10. A
ANCUS P Ancus Marcius.[5][6][7][8]: 4th Roman king Ancus Latin
11. A
ANGUS P Angus Anglicized form of Scottish Gaelic Angus Scots
Aonghas, perhaps literally "one choice". In Irish (name)
myth, Aonghus was the god of love and youth.
12. A
ANIUS P king Anius of Delos (Ἄνιος) Anius Latin
13. A
APRIL P fourth month, AUERIL, from Latin (mensis) april (month), English
AVRIL P Aprilis 2nd month Old French
14. A
ARBID P Tell Arbid is a multicultural site.[11] Tell Arbid Sumerian
15. A
ARJUN(A) P Core: Arjun Arjuna Sanskrit
16. A
ASINU P in Corsican: asinu; Sicilian: àsinu, ASINU ass Sicilian
Usually compared to Ancient Greek ὄνος (ónos)
(which cannot be its direct ancestor)
17. A
AUGST P August (in page 72v3 in the Voynich manuscript) August German (?)
18. A
AULIS P Aulis From Ancient Greek Αὐλίς (Aulís). Aulis (port) Greek
DAULIS Ancient port-town, located in Boeotia in central Daulis Greek
Greece
Aulis (AULIS) may be related to Daulis
(DAULIS).
19. A
ΑἼΣΩΝ P (Αἴσων) – Aison was the son of Cretheus & Tyro Aison Greek
#
20. A
ἈΡΊΩΝ P (Ἀρείων) – very fast, black horse. Arion Greek
21. A
A
ARMIN P The etymology of the Latin name Arminius is Armin Dutch
ARMINIUS - unknown Latin
22. AE
ÆLIUS P Sextus_Aelius_Catus (Roman senator) (4 AD) Catus (name) Latin
Both ÆLIUS and CATUS are pentagrams
23. AE
ÆTIUS P Aetius called the "Last of the Romans" was a Aetius Latin
military commander for two decades (433–454).
24. A
E
ALVIS P ELVIS may be derived from the Scandinavian Elvis Old Norse
ELVIS Old Norse word Alvis which in Norse mythology (name)
means “all-wise”. The etymology of the name is
unknown, and it is uncertain whether the name
should be considered Irish (Gaelic) or British
(Welsh) or Scandinavian (Old Norse) in origin.
25. A
Z
ASIUT P capital of the Thirteenth Nome of Upper Egypt Asiut English
S ASYUT P (Lycopolites Nome) around 3100 BC "Guardian" Egyptian
ZAWTY P Egyptian Zawty, Coptic Syowt[2] Koptisch
SYOWT
26. B
BÆTIS P Baetis, a river (Guadalquivir) in Spain Guadalquivir Latin
27. B
BARIT P Mineral baryt/barit, barium sulfate (BaSO4) barit German
28. B
BASIL P Basil, fr.: "basileus" (βασιλεύς, king). In Arabic, Basil Greek
Bas(s)el (‫باسل‬, bāsil) is a name for boys and girls bāsil Arabic
29. B
BATIR P batir To beat Spanish
30. B
BATYR P (“speaking”) Asian elephant, offspring of once- Batyr Turkic
БАТЫЫ
Р wild Indian elephants. Batyr, is a Turkic word Russian
meaning 'dashing equestrian', 'man of courage' or
'athlete'.
Batyr – from famous Bashkir epic poem "Ural-
Batyr" (bash-qurt, "leading wolf" )
31. B
BEITS P stain (colorant that soaks into surface) beits Dutch
32. B
BERIL P Beryl (mineral with formula Be3Al2Si6O18 ) Beryl English
BERYL P Middle English: beril borrowed, via Old French: beryl Old French
33. B
BILES P Biles (surname) Uncertain or disputed Biles English
34. B
BINZA P binza membrane Spanish
35. B
BIREN P Birne - pear German
BIRNE P Biren
36. B
BIRNA P Old-Norse: Birna (she-bear, female bear) she-bear Icelandic
37. B
BISEL P Bisel, possibly a habitational surname from Bisel French
Alsace
38. B
BISEL P bisel order Spanish
39. B
BISON P From: Latin bison "wild ox" (animal) bison Latin
40. B
BĪZAN P Old High German Bizan – fr.: Old English bītan to bite OH. German
41. B
BJØRN P biorn, from Old Norse bjǫrn (“bear”) - probably Bjørn Old Norse
BJORN P from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“brown,
shining”).
#
42. B
BLOIS P Blois (832 AD), in the Rennaissance official Blois (city) French
residence for the King of France.
43. B
BÔZINE - Dialect: bôzine ‘landlady’. (bazin) landlady boss French
44. B
BREKhMÓS - Brekhmós: skull skull Greek
45. B
BRENG P To bring To bring Dutch
46. B
BRIAN P Brian. Etymology: Uncertain; possibly borrowed noble Irish
BRYAN from Proto-Brythonic *brɨɣėnt (“high, noble”).
47. B
B
BÂTIR P bastir "build, construct, sew up, baste, make To build French
BASIN P baste (v.2) - Water vessel (of unknown origin) basin English
48. B
B
BRAIN P Brain, brein; of uncertain origin, evt. van fr. PIE Brain Dutch
BREIN P root *mregh-m(n)o- "skull, brain" English
BREIThEEL P welsh breitheel welsh
BRÆG(E)N P oe. bræg(e)n (ne. brain)
*MREGh-MO - pie. *mregh-mo- (brains) PIE
49. B
B
BRIDE P Bride – Old-Frisian BREID; Dutch BRUID bride Dutch
B BREID P a word of uncertain origin. English
BRUID - Old-Frisian
50. B
P
BREChT P splendid (Brecht) splendid, Dutch
B PRAChT P Brecht (pronoun) bright Germanic
BRIGHT - bright (splendid) English
51. B
P
BESIN P king Bisinus ( BESIN in Frankish) Thuringian Dutch
B
B
PISΕN P PISΕN in Lombard king/queen Frankisch
BASIN(A) P Basina, the queen of Thuringia (5th century). Basin(a) of Lombard
BAZIN P woman in charge Thuringia
52. B
S
BIDDEN P Fides, (confidence, trust)8 Fides (virtue) Dutch
F FIDES P σφίδη (sphídē). σφίδη(sphídē) Latin
ΣΦΊΔΗ - Old English: BIDDAN "to ask, beg, pray” to beg Old Greek
53. C
CĀNUS P cānus (canus): grey, old, aged, venerable Aged person Latin
54. C
CATUS P catus clever Latin
55. C
CHURL P Churl (ceorl / CHURL), lage stand v. vrije man Churl English
56. C
CHURN P To churn (of unknown origin). To churn English
57. C
CIRNÉ P Kalliste, Corsis, CYRNOS, Cernealis, or CIRNÉ Cyrnus Greek
CYRNOs - Corsica
58. C
CONUS P From Ancient Greek κῶνος (kônos, “cone, cōnus Medieval
spinning top, pine cone”) Latin
59. C
CRĪBLE - Crible - sieve, sifter, riddle sieve French
60. C
CROWN P "crown" – from Latin “corona” crown English
61. C
K
CETUS P Trojan Cetus Cetus Latin
KETOS - (Ketos Troias) - Sea-Monster
62. D
(D)JOUR - Jour day French
63. D
*DUIRO P Duero (river) Duero (river) Spain/Portug.
8 Numa is said to have built a temple to FIDES publica; Source: fides (FIDES) in William Smith, editor
(1848) A Dictionary of Greek Biography and Mythology
#
64. D
DARYVŠ - D- A- R- Ya- Va- ū- Š - Darius I Darius (king) Old-Persian
DA(R)YVŠ - daryvuS
65. D
DAULIS - in ancient Phocis, near the frontiers of Boeotia Daulis Greek
66. D
DECUS P Decus - deeds of honor, Grace, splendor, beauty. honor Latin
Honor, distinction, glory. Pride, dignity.
67. D
ḎḤWTY P Theuth (Djehuty, ḎḤWTY, ṢḪWTY)) Theuth Ugaritic
ṢḪWTY in the Ugaritic alphabet
68. D
DIAUS P Dyáuṣ Pitṛṛ Sky-god Sanskrit
69. D
DIÉU(S) P Dieu God French
70. D
DIMER P sky-god – in emesal pronounced as DIMER Dingir Sumerian
71. D
DIVES P Dives (river) in France Dives (river) French
72. D
DIVES P dives rich Latin
73. D
DIVUS - Divine, godlike – from the same source as deus. divine Latin
74. D
DMITRY - Dmitry: From Russian Дмиṛтрий (Dmítrij), from Dmitry Russian
- Latin Dēmētrius, from Ancient Greek Δημήτριος Dimitri
(Dēmḗtrios), fr. Δημήτηρ (Dēmḗtēr, “Demeter”).
75. D
DOUIX - Douix (Source at the river Seine) Douix (river) French
76. D
DURGA P Hindu goddess (for mother goddess Mahadevi) Durga Sanskrit
77. D
DURАК P Дурак, the Russian card game Durak 'ДУРАК' Durak (fool) Russian
ДУРАК (English: 'fool'),
78. D
DYEUS P *Dyeus (god) DIEUS (god) PIE
79. D
DYMAS P king of Phrygia - (Ancient Greek: Δύμας) Dymas Greek
80. D
D
DIS-PATER - Dīs Pater Dīs Pater Latin
DĪVES- P originally DĪVES-PATER (god) (m.)
PATER
81. E
ELGUR P the elk (Islandic: elgur (ELGUR) elk Islandic
82. E
ELPIS P Elpis hope Greek
83. E
ENGUR P fresh water (from underground aquifers), freshwater Sumerian
(ABZU) also named ENGUR. Also named “Abzu”,
literally, ab='water' (or 'semen') zu='to know' or
'deep' was the name for fresh water from
underground aquifers.
84. E
ERBIL P Erbil. also HAWLER or Arbela, capital and most Erbil (city) Kurdish
populated city in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq
85. E
ERIDU P Eridu ("confluence" of the rivers) is the first city Eridu (city) Sumerian
in the world by the ancient Sumerians
86. E
ERMÏN P Tacitus's Germania (AD 98): (Irminones) Herman Latin
(ARMIN)
87. E
ἘΧῙЫ
ΩΝ P (Ἐχῑṛων) "viper", one of the 5 founders of Thebes Echion-name Greek
88. E
S
ESPIÑA P spine (thorn, backbone, needle) thorn English
S
S
SPINE P spīna (thorn, backbone, needle) needle Latin
S SPĪNA P spiná (спинаṛ, back) backbone Russian
S
SPINÁ - cliff Greek
#
ΣΠΊΛΟΣ - σπίλος (spílos) (rock, reef, cliff) needle Galician
SPELD - espiña Dutch
speld, diminutive form of SPINE
89. F
FAÐIR P Faðir, FAÐIR Father Old-Norse
90. F
FANIS P Φάνης -masculine given name from the Fánis Greek
Ancient Greek “Theóphanes (θεοφάνης) Φάνης
91. F
FASTI P Fasti - Allowed days Fasti (days) Latin
92. F
FAϸIR P The “father” seems to be a feeding care-taker, (Feeding rune
including the “foster” father. In contrast the parent)
procreator father is named the “Kuni”. Foster-father
93. F
FĒLIS P Felis – cat, fret cat (animal) Latin
94. F
FELIZ P feliz (happy) happy Spanish
95. F
FELLIS P Fellis (Latin: bile), bile Latin
Latin GALBUS "greenish-yellow,"
96. F
FENIX P Fenix, fenix - phoenix (mythical bird) Phoenix Old English
97. F FENRIS - Fenrir (Old Norse 'fen9-dweller')[3] Wolf Old Norse
98. F
FESTI P Festī, Festî - ‘strength, power, document’ (veste) fort Old German
99. F
FIDES P fidēs - faith, belief, confidence, trust fidēs Latin
100. F
FIETS P Origin uncertain. Maybe from “vietse” ‘running’; bicycle Dutch
etymology from fiets (rijwiel)
101. F
FINAR P finar To dy Spanish
102. F
FIRAT P The name (Euphrates) is YEPRAT in Armenian Firat (river) Turkish
(Եփրատ), PERAT in Hebrew (‫)פרת‬, FIRAT in [Eufraat] Kurdish
Turkish and FIRAT in Kurdish.
103. F
FIRTH - fjord, river mouth - root *pertu- firth Scots
104. F
FJORD P narrow inlet with steep sides or cliffs, created by fjord Scandinavian
a glacier. Indo-European root *pertu-
105. F
FOSITE - Fosite: Norse god for justice Fosite (god) Fries
106. F
FRANC P Frank free Dutch
FRANK P
107. F
FRIDA P Frida (name), Swedish name Frida (name) Swedish
108. F
FYRET P the word FYRET appears in Middle English in Ferret Classical Latin
the 14th century from the Latin.
109. F
FYΘAR P Futhark - runic code in alphabet and scripture Fythar(k) Germanic
110. F
ϝYÞAR P Variant of Futhar(k): (From the ϜUÞARK to the Alternative Germanic
ϝYÞOR P ϝYÞAR and ϝYÞOR Runes ) for Fythar (k)
111. F
F
FRIJŌNĄ - from Proto-Germanic *frijōną To free Proto-Germ.
V
F
FRIJŌN P to free; make free to make love Prt.-W.
V VRÎEN P Germ.
V
F FRIJEN P M.L. German
VRIEN P Low German
VRIJEN P
9 A fen is a type of peat-accumulating wetland fed by mineral-rich ground or surface water.[1][2]

#
FRIJŌN P Middle Dutch
FILOS P Dutch
Gothic
112. F
P
FYSON P Rivers of Paradise: Pison, Gihon, Hiddekel (or Fyson (river) Mid.-English
PISON P Tigris), and Euphrates. Pison English
113. G
*ǴHUTÓS P God - “Invoked One” (PIE/ǵʰutós God PI-European
*GUDAZ P Prot.-Germ.; GUÐ “the God” Prot.-Germ
*GUDĄ - Etymology is uncertain
114. G
*GUDAS P God - “Invoked One”, derived from God Proto-
*GUDAN - Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵʰutós Germanic
115. G
GADUS P Gadus (cod is a common name for Gadus) cod (fish) Latin
116. G
GAUTR P Runen-Sprachschatz (Runic dictionary,German) wise man Icelandic
117. G
GENU(S) P *genu, English knee knee Latin
118. G
GENUS P genus (GENUS, “kind, sort, ancestry, birth”) family, birth Latin
119. G
GESTÚ P Enki as the god of knowledge (gestú) knowledge Sumerian
120. G
GLEMS P The Glems (German tributary of a river Enz) Glems German
121. G
GUEST P from Proto-Germanic *GASTIZ, from Proto- guest English
Indo-European *gʰóstis (“stranger, guest, host”)
122. G
GUTES P Gutes (GUTES), population of Gotland, Sweden Goths English
GUTAR P Old Gutnish: Gutar (Gutar) Old Gutnish
123. G
GUTRA P Gutra (Keffiyeha) – square scarf for men Gutra (scarf) Arabic
124. G
D
DI-WE (S) - DI-WE or DI-WO or DI-WE (S) or DI-WO (S) Zeus (*Dii ēus) Mycenaen
or DI-WO - Zeus (*Dii ēus) Greek
(S)
125. H
H
HLEIFR - loaf (n.), the Germanic origin is uncertain bread Germanic
K HLAIFS Hleifr Old-Norse
KHLAIBUZ Hlaifs Gothic
126. H
S
(HI-) Spain - The origins of the Roman name Hispania, Spain (state) Spanish
S SPANIA - and the modern España, are uncertain, although English
SPAIN P the Phoenicians and Carthaginians referred to the Phoenician
SPANIA - region as Spania
127. I
INFERNO Inferi: "inhabitants of infernal regions, the dead." Inferno (Hel) Latin
128. I
IOU-piter – Jupiter (D)IOU(S) JOU-piter Latin
DJOUS P (*DJOUS PATĒR)
129. I
ISFET P Isfet is the counter (Unorder) to Maat. Unorder Ancient
Ma'at was to overcome isfet (chaos / a product of (Chaos) Egyptian
an individual's free will)
130. I
ISMEN(E) - Ancient Greek: Ἰσμήνη, Ismēnē) is the daughter Ismēnē Greek
and half-sister of Oedipus
131. I
ISTÆV P Tacitus's Germania (AD 98) – Istvaeones Istavonen Latin
(people)
132. I ἼΩΝΕΣ P Ἴωνες (IΩNES) or Ἰᾱṛϝoνες (*IĀWOΝΕΣ) Iones Greek
ἸᾹЫ
ϜOΝΕΣ - (*IĀϜΩNES) (etymology is uncertain) (Ionians) Iawones
#
133. I
J
IANUS P Janus -god of the beginning and end [1]. Janus Latin
JANUS P Janus French
134. J
IÁSŌN P Greek: Ἰάσων, leader of the Argonauts Jason Greek
135. J
JUDAS P Judas Judas (name) Dutch
136. J
JULES P Jules Jules (name) French
137. J
JURAT P Jurat in Guernsey en Jersey Jury French
138. J
JURON P juron swear word French
139. J
JUSTE P Just "just, righteous; sincere" Just French
JUSTO P Spanish
140. J
JUTES P Jutes (population of Jutland, Denmark) Jutes English
141. J
T
JURTE P Tent, dormitory (Russian: юрта), Tent (Yurt) German,
Y
TIRMÄ P тирмә (transl.: tirmä) is the Bashkir term for yurt. тирмә Bashkir
Ю YURTA P homeland homeland Russian
JURTA P In Hungarian yurt is called "jurta" jurta Hungarian
ЮРТА P → "yurta" (юрта) (the word came into English) юрта (Cyrillic)
142. k
KARUN P Karun, Iran's most effluent and only navigable Karun (river) English
river. In the Bible: Gihon river, at the Garden of
Eden near the Persian Gulf, fed by the four rivers
Tigris, Euphrates, Gihon (Karun) and Pishon
(Wadi Al-Batin). The name is derived from the
mountain range named Kuhrang (→ : Karoen)
143. K
KAUTR P Related to (runes) “Kuþlant” (Gotland) and wise In runes
“Guth” (God)
144. K
KLEUR P Colour – early 13c., "skin color, complexion," kleur Dutch
COLOUR – from Anglo-French culur, coulour, Old French Color English
COULEUR - color "color, complexion, appearance" (Modern Colour French
French couleur), from Latin color "color of the
skin;
145. K
KOTUS P Kotys (war, slaughter) war Greek
146. K
KRÉŌN P son of Menoikeus Kreon Greek
147. K
KREY(N) P sieve, sifter, riddle sieve PIE-kern
148. K KUREN(e) - Κῡρήνη: Cyrene (queen) and city Cyrene in Libya Cyrene Greek
149. K
KYNOS P residence of Deucalion and Pyrrha in Locris Kynos Greek
150. K
K
KRAUT P Kraut / cruyt – Gothic *krûþ (genitive *krûdis), herbs Dutch
C KRUID – neuter, might be taken for krû-da German
CRUYT - Indo-European references are unsecure.
151. L
*LIWAR P Loire Loire (river) French
152. L
LACUS P Lacus (e.g. Lacus_Curtius) Water, lake Latin
LAGUZ P the l-rune (OE lagu, ON lǫgr/laugr (i, k, l, m ) Old-Norse
LAUGR P Laguz
153. L
LAIUS P Laius- Son of Labdacus. Father, by Jocasta, of Laius (name) Latin
LAIOS - Oedipus, who killed him. Greek
154. L
LAPIS P Stone - May be connected with Ancient Greek stone Latin
λέπας (lépas, “bare rock, crag”), from Proto-
#
Indo-European *lep- (“to peel”)
155. L
LEVIS P Levis, light (not heavy), quick, swift . Fickle , Licht Latin
dispensable , trivial, trifling , easy (e.g. food) (weight)
156. L
LEWIS P Lewis (Louis, Clovis) (royal) Louis (name) English
157. L
LIB(A)RŌ P Liver (Germanic: *LIB(A)RŌ-) Liver English
LIFER P lifer (Old English) Old English
LIVER P
*LIBRŌ P
158. L
LIBAR P libar To suckle Spanish
LIBER P
159. L
LIBRA P Libra scales Latin
160. L
LIBRA P Libra (pound) and Libra (in astrology) Pound Spanish
P Scales
161. L
LIBRE P libre (adj.) free Spanish
162. L
LIEF(S) P Lief – crefte lieuis ‘power of love’ [10e century; love Dutch
W.Ps.]
163. L
LIMES P Limes (border) border Latin
164. L
LI
IMOS P Limos hunger Greek
165. L
LISMA P Lisma (“appear obsequious”): no etymology to fawn Swedish
166. L
LIVES P lives lives English
167. L
LIVRE P livre book French
168. L
LOCUS P Location – Latin locus is from Old-Latinn stlocus location Latin
‘id.’, etymology uncertain; maybe from → stal.
(loco-.)
169. L
LOUIS P Louis (Chlodowig) – LOUIS (king) Louis (name) French
170. L
LOUIS P Clovis (Chlodovechus) (Ch)LOUIS (king) Clovis- name French
171. L
LOVIS P Alternative spelling for e.g. Lovisa/Louise Lovis (name) Swedish (f.)
(female / male) German (m.)
172. L
LUCHS P Luchs (Felis lynx) lynx German
173. L
LUGAR P lugar {m} from Latin locus. Doublet of local. location Spanish
174. L
LUIER P luier (diaper) diaper Dutch
175. L
LUKAS P Surname and given name, also towns in the USA Lukas Italic
LUCAS P etymology: related to lux (“light”) Lucas
176. L
LÚKOS P LÚKOS ("wolf") Lúkos (wolf) Greek
177. L
LURIA P Isaac Luria (* 1534 - †1572), leading rabbi Luria Hebrew
178. L
LURIA P Luria: sea snails, genus of gastropod molluscs Luria Latin (?)
179. L
LUXIA (?) - Luxia1 (river in Spanje: Rio Tinto) Tinto (river) Latin
180. L
LUXOR P Luxor, one of the eldest inhabitated cities Luxor (Egypt) Egyptian
181. L
ΛΌΦΙΣ P In Haliartus there is a river Lophis (Λόφις). Lophis river Greek
182. L
L
LIBER P The word “Liberi” is a “pluralia tantum” Child Latin
LIBERI - (only in plural) (children)
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183. L
L
LIBER P Liber - free, independent, unrestricted, unchecked free Latin
L
L
LIURE P liure (→ freeman) Old Occitan
L LIBRO P Old Occitan: ; Provencal libro Provencal
LIVRE P Portuguese: livre Portuguese
LIBRE P French: libre French
184. M
(Ava) P In Kurdish, the Tigris is known as Ava Mezin, Ava Mezin Kurdish
MEZIN "the Great Water". [Tigris] river
185. M
*MOSIL P German Mosel, French Moselle, Dutch Moezel Moezel river German
186. M
MANSI P Are the Minoans and the Mansi in Siberia Mansi Mansi
related? | Minoans Part 6 (people)
187. M
MANUS - Manus - (मनस):—[from man] m. man or Manu man, mankind Sanskrit
(the father of men)
188. M
MARIN P Marin (name), from s Latin name Marinus Marin (name) Latin
189. M
MARIT P Marit-female given name from Margaret Marit Scandinavian
190. M
MARIT P nominative plural of mari; Borrowed from Persons Finnish
Eastern Mari мари (mari, “Mari person”). (plural)
191. M
MARIT P husband (spouse) in Catalan & Old Occitan husband Catalan
marriage in Tok Pisin From Latin marītus. Old Occitan
192. M
MARITSA - Maritsa (river) Maritsa river Bulgaars
MERIÇ P Meriç [meɾitt ʃ] Meriç [meɾitt ʃ] Turkish
193. M
MAThIR P Mother Mother Old Irish
194. M
MATIR P Alternative form of matere (essential matter) matter Middle
English
195. M
MATIR P Mother – van Doorn A (2016). "On The Mother Gaulish
Gaulish Influence on Breton"
196. M
MATIS P Matis : indigenous people of Brazil.[1] Matis Portuguese
197. M
MATRI P Sicilian: [1] dative: matri (MATRI) (dat.) Mother Sicilian
198. M
MAZiD(A) P Surname : Mazid means 'holy'. (Iran) Mazid Arabic
(name)
199. M
MEDIR P medir (algo) {verb} To measure Spanish
200. M
MELIS P Melis (honeybee → [Telling the bees]) Melis (name) Dutch
201. M
MENIS P anger, wrath, fury. Initial word of the Iliad Mēnis Greek
202. M
MENRVA – MENRVA and MINERVA are Etruscan & Roman Menrva (god) Etruscan
MINERVA P names for Metis, the deity of wisdom Minerva Latin
203. M
MENSCh P man (person) from MENNISKO ('person') (1100) Man (person) Dutch
204. M
MERIT P Merit (Christianity), Merit (Buddhism), Variants: Merit English
MARIT P Maret (Estonia)/Marit (Swedish).
205. M
MERYL P Meryl Meryl (name) English
206. M
MĒTĪRĪ P derived from *mēti ‘measure’ < pie. *méh1-ti- to measure Latin
207. M
MÉTIS P Métis Indigenous people in Canada Métis French
originally French:"person of mixed parentage"
208. M
METIS P Metis (personified by Athena) goddess of (Goddess) Greek
#
(ΜΗΗΤΙΣ) P wisdom. First consort of the sky-god Zeus. Wisdom
209. M METIS P Mediomatricum (→ Mettis, Metis → Mets Metz Celtic oppidum
METTIS - birthplace of the Carolingian dynasty French/German
210. M
MIDAS P Midas (/ˈmaɪdəs/; Greek: Μίδας) is the name of Midas (king) Greek
one of at least three members of the royal house
of Phrygia.
211. M
MILAS P Original capital of Caria. Milas (city) Greek
212. M
MILES P Latin mīles (“soldier”) ; Myles (given name) mīles Latin
Etymology unknown, maybe of Etruscan origin. (“soldier”)
213. M
MILOS P Slavic, diminutive of Miloslav-"lover of glory" Milos (name) Slavic
214. M
MILOS P Milos – volcanic Greek island in the Aegean Milos island Greek
Sea
215. M
MINAR P To mine; to undermine to mine Spanish
216. M
MINAR P Old Persian: pillar pillar Old Persian
217. M
MÌNAS P Μήνας (moon) moon Greek
218. M
MINER P mineworker pitman English
219. M
MINOR P minor (“less, smaller, inferior”) smaller Latin
220. M
MINOS P Minos - Royal Name Minos Linear A
(king) (Cretan)
221. M
MITÉRA - μητέρα (MITÉRA): [1] mother New Greek
222. M
MIThER P mither (MIThER) mother Scots
223. M
MIThRA(S) P Mithra - Zoroastrian angelic divinity (yazata) Mithra (god) Avestan
of covenant, light, and oath
224. M
MITRA P Mitra (Deity in the Rigveda) Mitra (god) Sanskrit
225. M
MÓÐIR P Móðir - MÓÐIR mother Icelandic
226. M
MOIST P moist moist English
227. M
MORIN P MORIN - Mongole „Pferd“, Chinese „ma“ Horse Mongole
→ in German Mähre
228. M
MYNES P Mynes (mythology). Mynes, king of the city of Mynes Greek
Lyrnessus which was sacked by Achilles, who
there captured his wife, Briseis. Mynes was son
of King Evenus, son of Selepus.[2]
229. M
MYSON P (Sage) Myson of Chenae (6th cent. BC); Myson Greek
230. M
MΑRKT P markt (from Mercatus?) (market) market Dutch
231. M
ΜΈΤRΙΟS P Metrios - moderate, average, mean mean Greek
232. M
ΜΥΗΘΟΣ P Virtue: temperance: mythos (belief in real Myth Greek
history) - word of “unknown origin”
233. M
M
MAINZ P Mainz – Mogontiacum. Main is from Latin Mainz (city) German
M MENUS P Moenis (also MŒNUS or MENUS), the name the Main (river) German
MŒNUS P Romans used for the river.
234. M
M
MELKS P Substantive: milk, and the verb “to milk” milk Dutch
M
#
MÉLŽTI – (Lithuanian MÉLŽTI; Slovene MLÉSTI < Latvian
MLÉSTI - *MELZTI; all ‘milks’.) Slovenian
235. N
NABIS P Nabis - Nabis, tyrant of Sparta Nabis -tyrant Latin
236. N
NAPIR P Napir (Linear Elamite: Elamite cuneiform: Na- Napir Elamite
pi-ir) was the Elamite god of the moon.[1][2][3]
237. N
NAVIS P Nāvis- ship or nave (middle or body of a church) ship Latin
238. N
NEURI Neuri (Greek: Νευροὶ, Latin: Neuri): ancient Neuri Baltic
Baltic people, recorded by Herodotus
239. N
NEVIS P B. Nevis is the highest mountain in GB.(1345m) Ben Nevis English
240. N
NIFFER P Nibru was the original name of the city of Nibru (city) Sumerisch
NUFFAR - Nippur. Great complex of ruin mounds known to
NIBRU - the Arabs as Nuffar, written by the earlier
explorers Niffer, divided into two main parts by
the dry bed of the old Shatt-en-Nil (Arakhat)
Source: Nibru
241. N
NÎMES P Nîmes - Nemausus god of the local Volcae tribe. Nîmes French
242. N
NĪRAṂ P Nīraṃ, water water Sanskrit
243. N
NIRVA P nirvāṇa, “blown or put out, extinguished”), from Nirwana Sanskrit
ननस (nis, “out”) + व (vā, “to blow”).
244. N
NISBA P adjective surname indicating the person's nisba Arabic
place of origin, ancestral tribe, or ancestry
245. N
NIZĀM P Nizām, a poet (creating the poems of Nezami) Nizām (name) Persian
246. N
NUGOR P Nugor- I jest, trifle, play the fool, talk nonsense To trifle Latin
247. N
NURhAGe - ancient megalithic edifice found in Sardinia edifice Sardinian
Natively, the structure is called a nurhage nurhage
248. N
NZOKU P Nzɔku - Loxodonta (African elephants) elephant Kikongo
In the 10th century, the people of Igbo-Ukwu in
Nigeria buried their leaders with elephant tusks.
South Africa uses elephant tusks in their coat of
arms
249. O
(H)ORMIZD - *Hasura MazdʰaH - Ahura Armenian
- Ahura Mazda (supreme god) Mazda Old-Persian
(H)ormazd
250. O
OCNUS P Ocnus – king of Alba Longa. He founded Ocnus (king) Latin
modern Mantua in honor of his mother.[1]
251. O
OLIZŌN - ancient Greek town and polis Olizon Greek
252. O
OMNIS P Omnis - all, a word of unknown origin all Latin
253. O
ΟΥΥΗΤΙΣ P Oútis (a transliteration of the Ancient Greek nobody Old-Greek
ΟÚΤΙS P pronoun Οὖτις = "nobody" or "no one")[1]
254. P
*PADIR P Pader (river) - word of unknown origin Pader (river) German
255. P
DOS PILAS P 2 wells (water containers) Guatemalan Spanish (2) wells Guat. Spanish
256. P
PĀLĪZ P a kitchen garden, used by Xenophon for an garden, (New) Persian
#
“enclosed park” of the Persian kings (Paradise) paradise
257. P
PANIR P Paneer: from a Hindi-Urdu term panīr, from Panir Persian
PONIR P Persian panir (‫' )پنیر‬cheese', from Old Iranian.[2]
[3]
258. P
PANIS P Pānis (bread, loaf ) bread Latin
259. P
PANIS P Panis or vaniks are wealthy tradesmen merchants Sanskrit
VANIKS -
260. P
PARIL P Paril - village in Bulgaria Paril Bulgarian
261. P
PARThI P Parthi - the Parthians, a Scythian people, Parthen Latin
262. P
PARTY P party, quantity, literally "that which is divided," party, quantity English
PARTIe -
263. P
PASIN P mutation PASIN-TIGRIS of the name Pasitigris Karun (river) English
(or Pasin-Tigris) – also: KARUN
264. P
PATIR P Patir (father) father Oscan
265. P
PEDIR P pedir algo {verb} claim Spanish
266. P
PEDIS P Pĕdis - Louse louse Latin
267. P
PĒNIS P Penis ; Old Low German root: *PISA penis Latin
268. P
PERChT P Perchta - (English: Bertha), also Percht and Perchta German
other variations, was once known as a goddess in
Alpine paganism
269. P
PERIL P risk risk English
270. P
PERIT P Perit - From Latin perītus. expert Catalan
271. P
PETRI P Petri Peter Basque
Hungarian
272. P
PhENIX P From Old English and Old French fenix, from phoenīx Latin
FENIX Medieval Latin phenix, from Latin phoenīx, from Old English
Ancient Greek φοῖνιξ (phoînix)
273. P
PhYLAS P Φύλας Phýlas /Phylas- King of the Dryoper Phylas-name Greek
274. P
PIAST - píast, péist (Old Irish), see: etymology bestia Piast (beast) Irish
PÉIST P “beist” in The Bokmål Dictionary. beist Norwegian
BEIST P Wild animal, beast, From Latin bestia. beast Bokmål
BESTIe - The origin is unknown.
275. P
PIeTER P Pieter (symbolic “PITER” or “PITAR”, because Peter Dutch
the “e” indicates a long I vowel)
276. P
PILAR P short for "Maria del Pilar" and a popular Spanish Pilar (name) Spanish
given name
277. P
PILAR P Pilar (Catalan, Norwegian Bokmål, Nynorsk) pillar Catalan
Norse
278. P
PILAS P Dos Pilas - two wells (or water containers) wells Guatemalan
Maya civilisation in Guatemala Spanish
279. P
PINAR P Pinewood forest (from: Pinus) pinewood Spanish
280. P
PINEoS - Pineios ; Greek: Πηνειός Pineios(river) Greek
#
281. P
PIRAN P Piran - town in southwestern Slovenia Piran (town) Slovenian
282. P
PIRAT P Pirat (pirate) pirate German
283. P
PIREN P Piren, king of Argos / a Boeotian prince Piren Greek
284. P
PIRET P Piret (given name) Estonian Variant of Brigitte Piret Estonian
285. P
PIROL P Pirol (bird) - Binomial name Oriolus oriolus Pirol German
In the heraldry the pirol is a common charge
286. P
PIRON P Name (French / Swiss / Belgian) Piron French
287. P
PIROT P Pirot (Пирот) - city in southeastern Serbia. Pirot Serbian
288. P
PISAN P pis/“annu “box”10 box Sumerian
289. P
PITAR P Pitar (father) father Sanskrit
290. P
PITER P Initial Name Sankt-Piter-Boerch (Санкт-Питер- Saint-Piters- Russian
Бурхъ) for Saint Petersburg (from Geschiedenis) Borough
291. P
PITOR P painter (in Lombard and Piedmontese) painter Lombard
292. P
PIZAN P Christine de Pizan - Italian poet and author Christine de French
(1364 – c. 140) Pizan
293. P
PJOTR P Pjotr (name) Peter Russian
PYOTR
294. P
PLIAS P Plias and Pliades , v. Pleias. Pleiades (Latin) Pleiades Latin
295. P
PRAChT P Pracht (splendor) splendor Dutch
296. P
PRANG P Prang (nose clip) nose clip Dutch
297. P
PRION P Prion, an infectious agent Prion English
298. P
PRITHVI - Prithvi earth Sanskrit
299. P
PRONG P Prong ([Fish-]fork) (fish-) fork English
300. P
PYLOS P Pylos - "Palace of Nestor" in Homer's Iliad. Pylos Greek
301. P
PYLOS P „seven-gated Thebes“ (Thebe Heptapylos) Gate Greek
PYLUS -- Pylus - member of the Aetolian royal family
302. P
PYREN(e) P Pyrene (Heuneburg); → Hekataios von Milet Pyrene Greek
303. P
PYRET - a river of Scythia that flows into the Danube, Prut (river) Romanian
(us) now the river Prut (unknown etymology)
304. P
PYRRhON - Πύρρων ὁ Ἠλεῖος – Gr. philosopher (270 BC) Pyrrho of Elis Old Greek
305. P
ΠΑΣΙΦάη - Pasiphaë – Queen of Crete, married with Minos, Pasiphaë Greek
king of Crete
306. P
B
PADIS P Padus (Po) (river), Padus (Po) Latin
BODIS P Bodincus (old Ligurian) Bodincus Ligurian
307. P
F
PISON P Rivers of Paradise: Pis(h)on, (along with Fyson (river) English
FYSON P Hiddekel (Tigris), Phrath (Euphrates) and Pis(h)on Mid.-English
Gihon)
10 Sumerian Grammar uploaded by Baskar Saminathnan

#
308. P
P
POLIRE - from Latin polire "to Pools, make smooth; To polish English
POLIS P decorate, embellish;" , from: polīre ‘Pools’, Latin
unknown etymology. French
309. P
P
POLIS P ancient Greek city-state, 1894, from Greek polis, city Greek
PTOLIS - ptolis "citadel, fort, city, .." from PIE *tpolh-
"citadel; .. high ground; hilltop"
310. P
P
POTIS P powerful, able, capable; possible powerful Latin
PATIS P husband Litvian
311. Q
QUERN P quern (n.) To quern English
312. R
*RHIJUN P Rhine (E), Rhein (D), Rijn (NL) Rhine (river) Germanic
313. R
RABIN P rabin-from Latin rabbinus &Hebrew ‫( רבי‬rabí) rabbi Polish
314. R
RAFID P Name for towns and persons Rafid Arabian
315. R
RAFIT P Given name "the one who shows the way" Rafit Arabic
and is of Muslim origin.
316. R
RĀMIN P Poetry “Vis and Rāmin” Ramin (name) Persian
317. R
RAPID P rapid from French rapide, from Latin rapidus rapid English
318. R
RÁUTI P Sanskrit RÁUTI र न 'roar' (source: runes) roar Sanskrit
319. R
RIFAT P Riphath great-grandson of Noah, grandson of Riphath, Hebrew
Japheth, son of Gomer Rıfat
320. R
RIJVΕN P rijven (to rake) (to write) write Dutch
321. R
RIVAL P rival - from Latin rivalis "a rival" originally, "of rival English
the same brook,"
322. R
RĪVΕN P rīven (mnd. rīven ‘to rub’) To rub Mnd.-Dutch
323. R
RIVΕT P rivet (fastener) rivet English
324. R
ROBIJN P ruby (substance)-from Medieval Latin rubīnus ruby Dutch
325. R
ROBIN P Magpie robin (national bird in Bangladesh) robin English
326. R
RUNGA P Runga – (Rapa Nui /Easter-island) - Creator Creator Rapa Nui
Rangi – For Māori Rangi & Papa are the
original couple for the sky & earth.
327. R
R
RUÏNΕ P maybe from Latin verb ruere ruin Dutch
RUINA P (plural: RUINÆ) Latin
328. R
R
RIJPΕN P ripen (etymology uncertain) ripen Dutch
R RIPΕN P ripen English
REIFΕN - reifen German
329. S
SABIDO P sabiduría (“SABIDURÍA”) is wisdom. The Wisdom Spanish
SAVID - eternal wisdom (sabiduría eterna, o sabiduría
increada) is translated 1. f. Rel. “El Verbo
Divino” - the divine word”.
330. S
SALIM P Salīm (Arabian ‫ )سلیم‬adjective „healthy”, etc. Healthy Arabian
SELIM P Selim I, Sultan, Ottoman Empire (1512-1520). Selim I
331. S
ŚANKU P [pointed stick, big fish] Big fish Old-Indian
SǪKŬ - Old Church
Slavic
#
332. S
SEDMĬ P sedmĭ (Old Church Slavonic) seven OSlov
333. S
SIBEL P Cybele is an ancient goddess of fertility. Κύβελις Greek
CYBELE Phrygian: Matar Kubileya/Kubeleya "Mother" Cybele Phrygian
334. S
SIBYL - sibyls are female prophets in Ancient Greece. Σῐṛβυλλᾰ Greek
The origin is unknown.[7] A sibyl at Delphi has sibyl English
been dated to as early as the eleventh century BC
by Pausanias[4]
335. S
SIFON P Siphon, sifon, syphon- from Ancient Greek ; sifon Old French
SIPhON P σίφων (síphōn, "pipe, tube for drawing wine from siphon English
SYPhON P a cask,"), of uncertain origin; σίφων Old Greek
336. S
SILBE P Silbe: syllable, word, part of a word Silbe German
337. S
SILBO P El Silbo ("Gomeran whistle communication") El Silbo Spanish
338. S
SILVA P Silva (wood, forest ) forest Latin
339. S
SIMLA P Simla (city in India) Simla (city) Indian (?)
340. S
SIMON P Simon (given name), from Hebrew ‫ שעְממועעו ן‬Šimʻôn, Simon Dutch
meaning "listen" or "hearing".[1]
341. S
SINOP P Sinop, Greek: Σινώπη, founded from Miletus, Sinop (city) Turkish
named after red earth pigment called sinopia red color
342. S
SĪVAN S Sīvan – 3rd month of the Hebrew calendar Sīvan Hebrew
usually in May–June on a Gregorian calendar. May–June
343. S
SIWAN P People of Siwa & Welsh form of Joan (name) Siwan Welsh
344. S
SMILA P Smila (Σμίλα), de stad Crusis, Herodotus. Smila (city) Greek
Histories. 7.123.
345. S
SMILA P Smile: Scandinavian source (such as Danish smile Swedish
SMILE SMILE "smile," Swedish SMILA "smile, smirk, Danish
SMIÊT simper, fawn"), from Proto-Germanic *smil-, Latvian
extended form of PIE root *smei- "to laugh,
smile"
346. S
SOLYM(us) P Solym(us) (mountain) and Solym(us) (city) Solyma (city) Greek
347. S
SP'ILO P სპილო - Elephas (Asian elephants) elephant Georgian
348. s
SPAIN P Spain Spain English
349. S
SPILE P Spile Wooden Fork Latvian
350. S
SPINA P Spina - Etruscan city at the mouth of the Po-river Spina (city) Etruscan
351. S
SPION P spy, person who secretly gathers information spy German
352. S
SUAIN P Runic word for young, strong man (swain) youngster English
SUEIN P (attested also as personal name Swein, Sweġen) OHD
SWAIN P
353. S
SUIDÆ P Suda -10th-century Byzantijnse encyclopedie Suda (book) Latin
354. S
SUNIA P Runic word for “understand” - Old Norse skyn; Understand, Germanic
cognate with Danish skøn, Swedish skön. shine
355. S
SUTHI P Suthi, (tomb) tomb Etruscan
356. S
SWINE P Swine - Old High German swin, Middle Dutch Swine English
SchWEIN swijn, Dutch zwijn, German Schwein, Old Norse, (animal) German
#
Swedish, Danish svin)
357. S
S
SABIN P Sabine [member of an Italian tribe] {1625} Sabine Etruscan
SABIJN P etymology: ‘kin’ Sabinus Dutch
358. S
S
SAUIL P sauil (Gothic), the sun and the letter “S” sun, Gothic
S SAULI P sauli (Lithuanian, Indo-European Languages) (the letter S) Lithuanian
SÁULĖ - sáulė (Lithuanian)
359. T
TAGUS P The river Tagus in Spain, (in Spanish: Tajo) Tagus (river) Latin
360. T
TAMIS P Tamis - drum sieve drum sieve French
361. T
TAMIZh P Tamil – spelled as TAMIZh Tamil Tamil
362. T
TAPIR P Tapir (animal) Tapir-animal English
363. T
TARIM P principal river of the Tarim Basin, a desert Tarim (river) English
364. T
TAURI P Tauri (Tawri, Tanwri) 1st people in Crimea Crimean Greek
365. T
TAXUS P Taxus baccata (European yew) – evergreen tree Yew (tree) English
366. T
TEIȘU P Teișu, village in Cozieni, Buzău, Romania Teișu Romanian
367. T
TEIWS P The name of a Gothic deity named *TEIWS *Teiws (god) Gothic
(later *Tīus) (later *Tīus)
368. T
TERUG P terug (return, backwards) backwards Dutch
369. T
ThEISM P Theism - broadly defined as the belief in the Theism English
existence of at least one deity.[1][2]
370. T
ThEMIS P ThEMIS – (after METIS) second consort of Zeus Themis Greek
(ΘEMIΣ) P (justice)
371. T
THIUS P Thius (Late Latin) uncle uncle Latin
derived from: Old Greek θεῖος (theîos).
372. T
ThÍVA(s) - Thebe (in Boeotia) (Greece) Thebe (city) Greek
Greek: Θήβα, Thíva [ˈθiva]
373. T
THUIS P thuis (at home) At home Dutch
374. T
ThYBES P Thebes (Egypt) – Ancient Greek: Θῆβαι Thebes Egyptian
(Ancient Greek: Θήβαις, ThĒBAIS, i.e. "at
Thebes"
375. T
ThYMOS P Courage (θυμός) soul, will , temper, mind courage Greek
376. T
TIBER P Tiber Etymology pre-Latin, origin may be Italic. Tiber (river) Latin
377. T
TIBOR P in old Slavic, Tibor means "sacred place" Tibor old Slavic
378. T
TIEUS P TIEUS (Tieu) plural of - A surname, borrowed Tieu(s) Vietnamese
from Vietnamese Tiêu, from Chinese 蕭. (naam)
379. T
TIFOS P Tifos - "still water" still water Aegean
380. T
TIMOR P timor (Latin) awe, reverence. fear, dread. Fear, awe Latin
381. T
TIŠMA P Tišma (or Tisma) (A surname name) Tišma Serbian
382. T
TIVAR P Plural for the deity týr gods Old-Norse
383. T
TIVAS P *Tīwaz - Týr or Tiw Germanic god Germanic
384. T
TIWAS P Tiwaz - the Luwian Sun-god. sun (deity) Luwian
#
385. T
TIWAZ P Rune (ᛏ) for the deity Týr Týr (god) rune
386. T
TJEUS P nickname to define the JEU-sayers in Val Medel Val Medel Sursilvan
(nickname)
387. T
TOMIS P Τόμις, Constanța, a city in Romania (* 600 BC) Constanța Greek
388. T
TRIBΕ P Tribe tribe English
389. T
TURIA P Turia – river (280 km) in Valencia Turia (river) Spanish
390. T
TUROG P Locale pagan deity in Sussex Turog (god) Celtic (?)
391. T
TVEIR P Old Norse tveir, tvau two Old Norse
392. T
ΘΊSΒE P Thisbe Θίσβη ΘΊΣΒΗ – Greek city Thisbe (city) Greek
393. T
J
TIRMÄ P тирмә (transl.: tirmä) is the Bashkir term for yurt. тирмә Bashkir
T JURTE P Tent, dormitory (Russian: юрта), Tent (Yurt) German,
Y YURTA P homeland homeland Russian
Ю
JURTA P In Hungarian yurt is called "jurta" jurta Hungarian
ЮРТА P → "yurta" (юрта) (the word came into English) юрта (Cyrillic)
394. T
T
TAPIS P Tapis, Carpet, rug French
T TAPIS P Byzantine-Greek Byz.-Greek
TÁPĒS - Tápēs, Greek Greek
395. U
ULRIKE - Ulrike (female given name) Ulrike (name) German
396. U
UNIRΕ P ūnīre (to join, to unite, to put together), unite Latin
397. U
UR(t)CIA - ...et Deus uocant UR(t)CIA glossed as 'God' by Urtzi Basque
URTIA P Picaud (see Urtzi) (Codex Calixtinus)
398. U
URION P Orion's birth by urination into a bull's hide[14] Orion Greek
recorded in [Pseudo]-Palaephatus (~4th BCE) (ourion)
399. U
UTARI P Ainu (human) also identify themselves as "Utari" people Ainu
("comrade" or "people").
400. U
U
ÛÐIRA P Udder udder Germanic
UIDER P Middle Dutch
UYDER P
401. U
U
URIEL P Uriel, ‫אוריאל ל‬
‫ עְמ‬ʾŪrīʾēl, "El/God is my flame" Uriel Hebrew
URIAL P name of one of the archangels Urial
402. U
U
URINA P from Latin urina "urine," from PIE *ur- (source Urine, sperma Dutch
URINΕ P also of Greek ouron "urine"), variant of root *we- (bron:urine) Latin
r- "water, liquid, milk, sperm" English
403. U
U
UUATIRO – water (in watrischafo [709; ONW]) water Dutch
W WATRIS – Old-Irish uisce ‘water’ (also see → whisky); (vloeistof) Dutch
UISCE - Old-Irish
404. V
VAÐIR P vaðir (from váð; piece of cloth; garment) clothes (plr.) Old-Norse
405. V
VALIS P Waal (Netherlands) – largest river Waal (river) Latin
ChALUZ
406. V
VANIR P Vanir- House of the Wise (group of gods Vanir (gods) Old Norse
associated with health, fertility, wisdom, and the
ability to see the future. Uncertain Etymology11)
11 Numerous theories have been proposed for the etymology of Vanir. Scholar R. I. Page says that, while there is no
shortage of etymologies for the word, it is tempting to link the word with Old Norse vinr ('friend') and Latin Venus
#
407. V
VEINS P veins (blood vessels) veins English
408. V
VENUS - Goddess for love, beauty, desire, sex, fertility, Venus (god) Latin
prosperity and victory
409. V
VIDAR P Víðarr - son of Odin – (the god of revenge) Víðarr (god) Old Norse
410. V
VILAR P Vilar, Hamlet, farmland - Late Latin, from vilar Galician
VILLAR - villa. villar Spanish
Synonyms: barrio, lugar (LUGAR)
411. V
VIRAL P Viral viral English
412. V
VIRNA P Virna (from: Latin 'virgo' or 'Virginia' ): name Virna Italian
413. V
VIThA - runes were called VIThA by the West Slavs, Runes West Slavic
VYThAR P Hanuš 1842 p. 381, (Deities of Slavic religion) Futhar runes
414. V
VITOR P Vitor - cooper, basketmaker cooper Latin
415. V
VITSA P Vitsa (Greek: Βίτσα) village in Zagori (Greece). Βίτσα (Vitsa) Greek
416. V
VLIES P Vlies (Fleece, membrane) membrane Dutch
417. V
VRAChT P Vracht (freight) freight Dutch
418. V
VRENI P Verena (Vreni) refers to Saint Verena, a 3rd to 4th Verena Swiss
century. Verena was born in Thebes (Egypt)
419. V
VRIJEN P (1): “VRIJEN”: to make love (1240). Originally: 1: vrijen Dutch
“to love” (from: friend in Etymology-bank). 2: free people Frankish (?)
(2): “VRIJEN”: the “free people” (FRANKen)
420. V
W
VALLIS - Upper Rhône valley (Vallis-Latin) Vallis, Wallis Latin
421. V
W
WALLIS - Upper Rhône valley (Vallis-Latin) Vallis, Wallis Latin
422. V
W
VIDERE - “To have seen” - to wit (v.), to know, wissen To know Dutch
W VIŽDĄ - (German); Old Church Slavic. viždą, vidiši, viděti to see, German
WETEN - ‘zien’ vědě ‘I know’; OCL
WISSEN -
423. W
(W)ILUŠA - Wiluša (Ἴλιον, ĪĪlion ) Troje, ĪĪlion Hettitisch
424. W
WATIR P Middle English : watir (plural watiris) Water English
425. W
WEIRD P fate, destiny, luck (weird: Old English wyrd) weird English
426. W
WHIRL P whirl (twist, verb) (To) whirl English
427. W
WIDER12 P ram (male sheep) ram OHigh German
WIDAR P Yiddish
VIDER P
428. W
WIJSEL P Wijsel, Wissel, Wisła Wijsel, Wissel German
VISLA P (ancient sources spell the name ISTULA) Wisła (river) Pools
429. W
WIJZEN P To point, to teach (NL.: onderwijzer = teacher) To teach Dutch
430. W
WISEN(t) - Bison bonasus, WISEN(t) or European BISON Bison Germanic
('goddess of physical love').[2] Vanir is sometimes anglicized to Wanes (singular Wane).[a]

12 From Middle High German wider (WIDER), from Old High German widar (WIDAR), from Proto-West Germanic
*weþru, from Proto-Germanic *weþruz, akin to Old Saxon wethar, English wether, Yiddish: ‫( ווידער‬VIDER) -The
form with a short vowel is Central German, perhaps standardised in part to avoid the homophony with wider
(“against”) and wieder (“again”).
#
431. W
WIZARD - wizard – (originally): "to know the future." (?) philosopher English
432. W
WIZZŌD - Wizzōd‚ law; Testament, Sacrament law Gothic
433. W
WIÞRĄ P Proto-Germanic *wiþrą (WIÞRĄ, “against”) against Proto-Germ.
434. W
WRANG P wrang (sourish) wrang Dutch
435. W
WRONG P wrong verkeerd English
436. W
W
*WRAITh P Old English wrað "angry" – very angry. wrath English
*WREIT- P (literally "tormented, twisted") wroth
437. W
W
WRITE P To write To write English
WRITA P Old Frisian
438. Y
YSULA P Yssel, Ijssel (Netherlands & Germany) Yssel (river) Latin
ISULA IJssel
439. Z
DŹWINA P Düna ; Pools Dźwina Düna (river) Polish
440. Z
ZEMLJA - Zemlja (earth) earth Slavic
441. Z
ZIBOR P Source: The Bison-Cult (or Why the Minotaur Bison Slavic
ZOBIR P and Quinotaur may Symbolize a Bison)
442. Z
ZUNGE P Zunge; from Proto-West Germanic *tungā, tongue German
*TUNGǬ - from Proto-Germanic *tungǭ; from Proto- Prt-Germanic
LINGUA - Indo-European *dnnǵʰwéh₂s (“tongue”). Latin Latin
TONGUE - lingua English
443. F
L
ΦIΛOΣ P Filos, from: “philosopher” To love Greek
L LIEF(S) P ΦIΛOΣ Dutch
LIeBES - German
444. P
ΦΡΎΝΗ P Φρύνη - Phryne Greek hetaira (courtesan). Phryne, name Greek
Dictionary (~444) of perfect pentagrams

The most successful languages
In analogy to the list of successful empires languages may also be born, develops towards maturity
and die after a long life. The success of languages may be compared with animals and human
beings, in which Darwin's survival of the fittest rules the market.
We may list the most successful languages as in These are the most powerful languages in the world
or the "Most spoken languages in the World" , CIA, 2022[46] 13
Language PIE-languages Percentage of world population (2022)

English x 18.8%
Mandarin Chinese 13.8%
Hindi x 7.5%
Spanish x 6.9%
French x 3.4%
Arabic 3.4%
Bengali x 3.4%
Russian x 3.2%
Portuguese x 3.2%
Urdu x 2.9%
Total PIE 50,00%
Table 5 The "Most spoken languages in the World"
The PIE-based languages English, Hindi, Spanish, French, Russian, Bengali, Portuguese represent
50% of the global population14.
This success may be devoted to the 5 linguistic categories of the alphabets, which are shared by the
Indo-European languages. Some of the most hierarchical, global word compositions (the sky-god
DIAUS, FAThER and MOThER and some locally defined virtues METIS, ThEMIS, LIBER,
FRANK, ….) are composed as 5-letter words, which represent all 5 categories (or points of
articulation): lingual, palatal, guttural, labial, dental,
A number of 5-letter keywords (as pentagrammatons) are shared as well-known and spread over the
world.
Also the efficiency of the encoding system of 3 letters for each category for some PIE-alphabets
such as the Younger Futhark contributes to the success of the Germanic languages.
This efficiency of the PIE-languages is a condition for Darwin's survival of the fittest in the
linguistics.
13 "Most spoken languages in the World". The World Factbook. CIA. Stand: 2022-01-01.
14 The Synchronization of the Germanic and Greek Pant...
The Mandarin Chinese
The maximal inventory of initials of a Mandarin dialect is as follows, with bracketed
pinyin spellings given for those present in the standard language:[92] 15
Labial Apical Retroflex Palatal Velar

category
labial lingual dental palatal guttural
Nasals /M/ ⟨M⟩/N/ ⟨N⟩ /Ŋ/
/P/ ⟨B⟩/T/ ⟨D⟩ /K/ ⟨G⟩
Stops
/Pʰ/ ⟨P⟩
/Tʰ/ ⟨T⟩ /Kʰ/ ⟨K⟩
/Tt S/ ⟨Z⟩ /Ʈtʂ/ ⟨Zh⟩ /Tt ɕ/ ⟨J⟩
Affricates
/Tt Sʰ/ ⟨C⟩ /Ʈtʂʰ/ ⟨Ch⟩ /Tt ɕʰ/ ⟨Q⟩
Fricatives /F/ ⟨F⟩ /S/ ⟨S⟩ /ʂ/ ⟨Sh⟩ /ɕ/ ⟨X⟩ /X/ ⟨H⟩
Sonorants /W/ ⟨W⟩ /L/ ⟨L⟩ /ɻ/ ~ /ʐ/ ⟨R⟩ /J/ ⟨Y⟩
Table 6 The maximal inventory of initials of a Mandarin dialect
The categories of the Mandarin letters are correlating with the PIE-categories. Only the 7 gray
letters Ŋ, Z, C, S, G, K and Ch may be deviated from the PIE-standards. These consonants
probably are bi-categorized symbols.
Most symbols of the alphabets had been categorized more or less accurately to the points of
articulation. The deviating from the 5 categories may be compared with the old-Persian alphabet.
Anyway all alphabets seem to be based on 5 points of articulation to categorize most of all
alphabetical phonemes.
The old-Persian alphabet

The Old-Persian alphabet is based on 7 triads:
The archaic vowels (Ā), Ī, Ū, the nasals N & M, the semi-vowels Y, V, R, sibilants S, Z, Ś, the special
L and glottal H are found in the old-Persian alphabet:
Triad 1 Triad 2 Triad 3 Triad 4 Triad 5 Triad 6 Triad 7
Velar Semi-
Vowels Palatal Alveolar Labial Nasal Sibilant Glottal
Guttural vowels L
(Ā), Ī, Ū C, Ç, J T, Θ, D P, F, B N&M S, Z, Ś H
K, X, G Y, V, R
1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
Table 7 The categorization in the Old Persian cuneiform alphabet
Source: A Pedigree for Alphabets (Scribd)
The dentals seem to be distributed to the R in triad 6 (semi-vowels) and the S in triad 7 (the
sibilants).
15 Mandarin Chinese
Epilogue (30.07.2023)
The married couple Agave and Echion (ἘΧῙЫ ΩΝ), the leader of the 5 warriors of Cadmus, had a son
Pentheus who was the successor of Cadmus as a king king of Thebes.
The following overview documents the names of the legendary founders of the city of Thebes and
the places of articulation16, which may be interpreted from the names of the founders:
Latin names Greek names Categories Comments and details articulation category sample
1 Echion Ἐχῑṛων ἘΧῙЫ
ΩΝ "viper" Tongue linguals D
2 Hyperenor Ὺπερήνωρ ῪΠΕΡΉΝΩΡ 'man who comes up' Palate palatals I
3 Chthonius Χθόνιος ΧΘΌΝΙΟΣ “underworld” Throat gutturals A
4 Pelorus Πέλωρος ΠΈΛΩΡΟΣ monstrous, marvellous Lips labials U
5 Udaeus Ουδαιος ΟΥΔΑΙΟΣ ουδος 'threshold' or Teeth dentals S
ουδαιος 'on the ground'.
Table 8 The legendary founders and their leader ἘΧῙЫ ΩΝ of the City of Thebes and the
corresponding places of articulation
The distribution and categorization of the letters in the Proto-Alphabēton (ἀλφάβητον) corresponds
with the pattern and distribution of the letters in the Hebrew alphabet.
Apart from the terminal letter Upsilon in the Greek alphabet the categorizing structures of both
alphabets may be considered as more or less identical.
In the Hebrew alphabet only the terminal letter Upsilon U23 is missing.
The described 23-letters Proto-Alphabēton is a accurately structured copy of the Hebrew alphabet
with an additional labial vowel letter Y.
The most important, active and universal place of articulation is the tongue. In the founders of
Thebes the representing person for the tongue seems to be Echion, (ἘΧῙṛΩΝ).
Summary
As a genuine pentagram the name ἘΧῙЫ ΩΝ represents a key evidence for the equivalence of the
Hebrew alphabet and the Greek Proto-Alphabēton.
The Greek legends defined the name ἘΧῙЫ ΩΝ as a monumental “memorandum” to remind the Greek
population how Thebes had introduced an alphabet, which followed and shared the 5 places of
articulation for their Alphabēton. The name ἘΧῙЫ ΩΝ represents a keyword, which confirms the
correct interpretation of the categories for the letters Ἐ, Χ, ῙЫ
, Ω, Ν.
The rows of the 2-dimensional tables for the Greek alphabet are the rows in which the letters as the
draconian “teeth” had been sowed. The remaining 5 soldiers of king Cadmus may represent the 5
legendary founders as the 5 corresponding places of articulation lingual, labial, palatal, dental and
guttural.
The Pentagrammaton “AEIOY” (consisting the 5 vowels Alpha, Epsilon, Iota, Omicron and
Upsilon in the Greek Alphabēton) is an equivalent of the Latin 5 vowel “AEIOU”, which is
documented as the The A.E.I.O.U-device of Frederick III.
QED
16 Source for details: An Alternative History for the Alphabet

Appendices
Appendix 1 – The multiplied versions of the Lúkos pentagrams

Lycus (/ˈlaɪkəs/; Ancient Greek: Λύκος Lúkos, "wolf") is the name of multiple people in Greek
mythology17. In Greek mythology, Lycus or Lykos was a ruler of the ancient city of Ancient Thebes
(Boeotia). His rule was preceded by the regency of Nycteus and in turn, Lycus was succeeded by
the twins Amphion and Zethus.
Lycus (mythology)
The number of these names is 23:
1. LÚKOS, one of the Telchines[1] who fought under Dionysus in his Indian campaign.[2] He
is otherwise said to have erected a temple to Apollo Lycius on the banks of Xanthus river.[3]
2. LÚKOS, son of Prometheus and Celaeno, brother of Chimaerus. The brothers are said to
have had tombs in the Troad; they are otherwise unknown.[4]
3. LÚKOS of Athens, a wolf-shaped herο, whose shrine stood by the jurycourt, and the first
jurors were named after him.[5]
4. LÚKOS, an Egyptian prince as one of the sons of King Aegyptus. He suffered the same fate
as his other brothers, save Lynceus of Argos, when they were slain on their wedding night
by their wives who obeyed the command of their father King Danaus of Libya. Lycus was
the son of Aegyptus by Argyphia, a woman of royal blood and thus full brother of Lynceus,
Proteus, Enceladus, Busiris and Daiphron.[6] In some accounts, he could be a son of
Aegyptus either by Eurryroe, daughter of the river-god Nilus,[7] or Isaie, daughter of King
Agenor of Tyre.[8] Lycus married the Danaid Agave, daughter of Danaus and Europe.[6]
5. LÚKOS, son of Poseidon and Celaeno.[9]
6. LÚKOS, the "loudvoiced" satyr herald of Dionysus during the Indian War.[10] In secret
union, Hermes fathered him, Pherespondus and Pronomus, by Iphthime, daughter of Dorus.
[11] Eiraphiotes (i.e. Dionysus) entrusted to these three satyr brothers the dignity of 'the staff
of their wisdom-fostering father, the herald of heaven'.[12]
7. LÚKOS, son of Arrhetus and Laobie, who, together with his father and brothers, fought
under Deriades against Dionysus.[13]
8. LÚKOS, son of Pandion II and brother of King Aegeus of Athens.[14]
9. LÚKOS, son of Hyrieus and Clonia, and brother of Nycteus. He became the guardian of
Labdacus and Laius. Nycteus, unable to retrieve his daughter Antiope from Epopeus of
Sicyon, sent his brother Lycus to take her. He invaded Sicyon, killed Epopeus and gave
Antiope as a slave to his own wife, Dirce.[15]
10. LÚKOS, a descendant of the above Lycus, said to have usurped the power over Thebes.[16]
11. LÚKOS, son of Dascylus of Mysia or Mariandyne. He was hospitable towards the
Argonauts[17] and Heracles, who conquered the land of the Bebryces (Heraclea Pontica).
[18] He is apparently identical with the Lycus given as a son of Titias, brother of Priolaus
and eponym of a city.[19]
12. LÚKOS, same as Lycurgus (of Nemea).[20]
13. LÚKOS, the mortal lover of Coronis, mother of Asclepius.[21] He is otherwise commonly
17 Source: Lycus_(mythology)
known as Ischys, son of Elatus.
14. LÚKOS, a Thracian killed by Cycnus in single combat.[22]
15. LÚKOS, a centaur at the wedding of Pirithous and Hippodamia, was killed by Pirithous.[23]
16. LÚKOS, a defender of Thebes in the war of the Seven against Thebes.[24]
17. LÚKOS and Pernis are listed by Hyginus[25] as parents of Ascalaphus and Ialmenus, who
are otherwise known as sons of Ares and Astyoche.
18. LÚKOS, son of Ares and a Libyan king.[26]
19. LÚKOS, a Cretan princes as the son of King Idomeneus and Meda, probably the brother of
Orsilochus, Cleisithyra and Iphiclus. Together with the latter, they were slain by the usurper
Leucus.[27]
20. LÚKOS, one of the companions of Diomedes that were changed into birds in Italy[28]
21. LÚKOS, a lost companion of Aeneas[29]
22. LÚKOS, another companion of Aeneas, killed by Turnus.[30]
23. LÚKOS and Termerus were two notorious brigands in Caria.[31]
Lykos in rivers' names18

The following rivers are named LÚKOS (translated as “wolf”):
1. LÚKOS Lykos (Kilikien), an unidentified river to the Mediterranean Sea between Pyramos
(Ceyhan) and Pinaros (Payas Çayı or Deli Çayı) in Cilicia.
2. LÚKOS Lykos (Phrygien), a secondary river of the upper Meandros (Great Meander),
today: Çürüksu Çayı, near Laodikeia at Lykos
3. LÚKOS Lykos (Lydien), an unidentified secondary river of the Hyllus or directly the
Hermos (Gediz) in Lydia (İzmir/Manisa)
4. LÚKOS Lykos (Bithynien), an unidentified river to Pontus Euxeinos (the Black Sea) near
Heraclea Pontica
5. LÚKOS Lykos (Phrygien), a river in Phrygia, a secondary river of the upper Meandros
(Great Meander), today Çürüksu Çayı.
The name Lykos (LÚKOS) in Old Greek is documented for 6 rivers:
1. Kouris, a river to the Mediterranean sea at Cyprus (Cypros) near Kourion
2. Nahr al-Kalb, a river to the Mediterranean sea in Phoenicia (Libanon)
3. Kelkit Çayı, a river to Pontus Euxeinos (the Black Sea) near Nicopolis (Armenia)
4. Kalmius, a river to Palus Maeotis (the Asowic Sea) in Sarmatia (Ukraine)
5. Manytsch, a secondary river of the Tanais (Don) near the Thyssagetes (today's Southern
Russia)
6. Great Zab, a secondary river of the Tigris in Gordyene (Turkey)
18 Lykos_(Begriffsklärung) in German
Appendix 2 - Additional new entries
The following data have been reconstructed from diary entries. Additional entries are numbered as
recorded in the diary.
This overview may illustrate the growth of the table. Often the pentagrams may be identified as a
bundle in which one letter is exchanged, for example: PIRAN → PIRAT or BIREN → BIRNE.
Date ### Pentagr Information Definition Language
am s
1. 23.01.23
SĪVAN Sīvan – 3rd month of the Hebrew calendar usually Sīvan Hebrew
in May–June on a Gregorian calendar. May–June
2. 12.02.23 294
VIDERE “To have seen” - to wit (v.), to know, wissen To know Dutch
VIŽDĄ (German); Old Church Slavic. viždą, vidiši, viděti to see, German
WETEN ‘zien’ vědě ‘I know’; OCL
WISSEN
3. 12.02.23 295
MĒTĪRĪ derived from *mēti ‘measure’ < pie. *méh1-ti- to measure Latin
4. 12.02.23 296
MINAR Old Persian: pillar pillar Old Persian
5. 12.02.23 297
MAZiDA Surname : Mazid means 'holy'. (Iran) Mazid Arabic
(name)
6. 12.02.23 298
DIMER sky-god – in emesal pronounced as DIMER Dingir Sumerian
7. 12.02.23 299
ARBID Tell Arbid is a multicultural site.[11] Tell Arbid Sumerian
8. 12.02.23 300
PISAN pis/“annu “box”19 box Sumerian
9. 12.02.23 301
ENGUR fresh water (from underground aquifers), freshwater Sumerian
(ABZU) also named ENGUR. Also named “Abzu”,
literally, ab='water' (or 'semen') zu='to know' or 'deep'
was the name for fresh water from underground
aquifers.
10. 12.02.23 302
PIRAN Piran - town in southwestern Slovenia Piran Slovenian
(town)
11. 12.02.23 303
PIRAT Pirat (pirate) pirate German
12. 12.02.23 304
FJORD narrow inlet with steep sides or cliffs, created by a fjord Scandinavian
glacier. Indo-European root *pertu-
13. 12.02.23 305
BIREN Birne - pear German
BIRNE Biren
14. 12.02.23 306
SPION spy, person who secretly gathers information spy German
15. 12.02.23 307
PERIT Perit - From Latin perītus. expert Catalan
16. 12.02.23 308
PETRI Petri Peter Basque
Hungarian
17. 13.02.23 309
BĪZAN Old High German Bizan – fr.: Old English bītan to bite OH. German
18. 13.02.23 310
BEITS stain (colorant that soaks into surface) beits Dutch
19. 13.02.23 311
FIDES fidēs - faith, belief, confidence, trust fidēs Latin
20. 13.02.23 312 UR(t)CIA ...et Deus uocant UR(t)CIA glossed as 'God' by Urtzi Basque
URTIA
Picaud (see Urtzi) (Codex Calixtinus)
21. 15.02.23 313
MERYL Meryl (name) Meryl English
22. 03.03.23 [380]
TEIȘU Teișu, village in Cozieni, Buzău, Romania Teișu Romanian
23. 10.3.23
NÎMES Nîmes - Nemausus god of the local Volcae tribe. Nîmes French
24. 26.03.23
PIROL Pirol (bird) Pirol German
25. 31.03.23
AMRIT Nectar, s. AMṚTAṂ in Amrit – Yogawiki Nectar Sanskrit
26. 31.03.23
ARJUNA Core: Arjun Arjuna Sanskrit
19 Sumerian Grammar uploaded by Baskar Saminathnan

am s
27. 29.05.23 328
VITSA Vitsa (Greek: Βίτσα) village in Zagori (Greece). Βίτσα Greek
(Vitsa)
28. 18.06.23 329
SABIDO sabiduría (“SABIDURÍA”) is wisdom. The eternal Wisdom Spanish
SAVID wisdom (sabiduría eterna, o sabiduría increada) is
translated 1. f. Rel. “El Verbo Divino” - the divine
word”.
29. 18.06.23 330
URION Orion's birth by urination into a bull's hide[14] Orion Greek
recorded in [Pseudo]-Palaephatus (~4th BCE) (ourion)
30. 25.06.23 331
FENIX Fenix, fenix - phoenix (mythical bird) Phoenix Old English
31. 332
? ?
32. 30.06..23 333
DYMAS king of Phrygia - (Ancient Greek: Δύμας) Dymas Greek
33. 30.06..23 334
ISMENE Ancient Greek: Ἰσμήνη, Ismēnē) is the daughter Ismēnē Greek
and half-sister of Oedipus
34. 30.06..23 335
AÍSŌN Αἴσων - king of Iolcus. Father of Jason Aeson Old-Greek
35. 30.06..23 336
IÁSŌN Greek: Ἰάσων, leader of the Argonauts Jason Greek
36. 30.06..23 337
ANIUS king Anius of Delos (Ἄνιος) Anius Latin
37. 01.07.23 338
CETUS Trojan Cetus Cetus Latin
KETOS (Ketos Troias) - Sea-Monster
38. 03.07.23 339
VIThA runes were called VIThA by the West Slavs, Runes West Slavic
VYThAR Hanuš 1842 p. 381, (Deities of Slavic religion) FUTHAR runes
39. 06.07.23 340
RÁUTI Sanskrit RÁUTI र न 'roar' (source: runes) roar Sanskrit
40. 06.07.23 341
PINAR Pinewood forest (from: Pinus) pinewood Spanish
41. 06.07.23 342
RAFID Name for towns and persons Rafid Arabian
42. 06.07.23 343
ϝYÞAR Variant of Futhark: (From the ϜUÞARK to the Alternativ Germanic
ϝYÞOR ϝYÞAR and ϝYÞOR Runes ) e for
Fythar
43. 12.07.23 344
DURGA Hindu goddess (for mother goddess Mahadevi) Durga Sanskrit
44. 12.07.23 345
MINAR To mine; to undermine to mine Spanish
45. 18.07.23 346
TVEIR Old Norse tveir, tvau two Old Norse
46. 18.07.23 347
SEDMĬ sedmĭ (Old Church Slavonic) seven OSlov
47. 18.07.23 348
SUAIN Runic word for young, strong man (swain) youngster English
SUEIN (attested also as personal name Swein, Sweġen) OHD
SWAIN
48. 18.07.23 349
SUNIA Runic word for “understand” - Old Norse skyn; Understan Germanic
cognate with Danish skøn, Swedish skön. d, shine
49. 18.07.23 350
BJØRN, biorn, from Old Norse bjǫrn (“bear”) - probably Bjørn Old Norse
BJORN from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“brown, shining”).
50. 18.07.23 351
ALVIS ELVIS may be derived from the Scandinavian Old Elvis Old Norse
ELVIS Norse word Alvis which in Norse mythology means (name)
“all-wise”. The etymology of the name is unknown,
and it is uncertain whether the name should be
considered Irish (Gaelic) or British (Welsh) or
Scandinavian (Old Norse) in origin.
am s
51. 18.07.23 352
ZIBOR Source: The Bison-Cult (or Why the Minotaur Bison Slavic
ZOBIR and Quinotaur may Symbolize a Bison)
52. 18.07.23 353
ASINU in Corsican: asinu; Sicilian: àsinu, ASINU ass Sicilian
53. 18.07.23 354
ELGUR the elk (Islandic: elgur (ELGUR) elk Islandic
54. 20.07.23 355
FYRET the word FYRET appears in Middle English in the ferret Classical Latin
14th century from the Latin.
55. 23.07.23 356

ŚANKU [pointed stick, big fish] Big fish Old-Indian
SǪKŬ Old Church
Slavic
56. 29.07.23 ---
ἘΧῙЫ
ΩΝ Echion, Ἐχῑṛων, leader of 5 warriors of Cadmus Leader of Greek
(documentation: Notes to the Proto-Alphabēton, Thebes
correcting the category from palatal (?) to dental for (“viper”)
the letter “X”)
57. 03.08.23 357
ThEISM Theism - broadly defined as the belief in the Theism English
existence of at least one deity.[1][2]
58. 03.08.23 358
AUGST August (in page 72v3 in the Voynich manuscript) August German (?)
59. 06.08.23 359
BISEL Bisel, possibly a habitational surname from Alsace Bisel French
60. 06.08.23 360
BILES Biles (surname) Uncertain or disputed Biles English
61. 06.08.23 361
PANIR Paneer: from a Hindi-Urdu term panīr, from Persian Panir Persian
PONIR panir (‫' )پنیر‬cheese', from Old Iranian.[2][3]
62. 06.08.23 362
NAPIR Napir (Linear Elamite: Elamite cuneiform: Na-pi- Napir Elamite
ir) was the Elamite god of the moon.[1][2][3]
63. 06.08.23 363
GUEST from Proto-Germanic *GASTIZ, from Proto-Indo- guest English
European *gʰóstis (“stranger, guest, host”)
64. 06.08.23 364
LURIA - Luria: sea snails, genus of gastropod molluscs Luria Latin (?)
- Isaak Luria (* 1534 - †1572, Rabbi)
65. 10.08.23 365
PARTY party, quantity, literally "that which is divided," party, English
PARTIe quantity
66. 10.08.23 ---
PIAST píast, péist (Old Irish), see: etymology bestia beist Norwegian
PÉIST “beist” in The Bokmål Dictionary. beast Bokmål
BEIST
Wild animal, beast, From Latin bestia.
BESTIe
The origin is unknown. (additional words)
67. 16.09.23 366
KYNOS residence of Deucalion and Pyrrha in Locris Kynos Greek
68. 16.09.23 367
OLIZŌN ancient Greek town and polis Olizon Greek
69. 16.09.23 368
DAULIS in ancient Phocis, near the frontiers of Boeotia Daulis Greek
70. 23.09.23 369
WEIRD fate, destiny, luck (weird: Old English wyrd) weird English
71. 04.10.23 370
PANIS Panis or vaniks are wealthy tradesmen merchants Sanskrit
VANIKS
72. 11.10.23 371
URIEL Uriel, ‫אוריאל ל‬
‫ עְמ‬ʾŪrīʾēl, "El/God is my flame" Uriel Hebrew
URIAL name of one of the archangels Urial
73. 11.10.23 372
LURIA Isaac Luria (1534-1572), leading rabbi, mystic Luria Hebrew
am s
74. 11.10.23 373
2 PILAS 2 wells (water containers) Guatemalan Spanish (2) wells Guat. Spanish
75. 15.10.23 374
SILBO El Silbo ("Gomeran whistle communication") El Silbo Spanish
76. 15.10.23 375
SILBE Silbe: syllable, word, part of a word Silbe German
77. 15.10.23 376
FELLIS Fellis (Latin: bile), bile Latin
Latin GALBUS "greenish-yellow,"
78. 15.10.23 377
MILOS Slavic, diminutive of Miloslav-"lover of glory" Milos Slavic
79. 15.10.23 378
MATIR Alternative form of matere (essential matter) matter Middle English
80. 15.10.23 379
DMITRY Dmitry: From Russian Дмиṛтрий (Dmítrij), from Dmitry Russian
Latin Dēmētrius, from Ancient Greek Δημήτριος Dimitri
(Dēmḗtrios), from Δημήτηρ (Dēmḗtēr, “Demeter”).
81. 23.10.23 380
TEIȘU Teișu, village in Cozieni, Buzău, Romania Teișu Romanian
82. 23.10.23 381
VILAR Vilar, Hamlet, farmland - Late Latin, from villa. vilar Galician
VILLAR Synonyms: barrio, lugar (LUGAR) villar Spanish
83. 24.10.23 382
PIROT Pirot (Пирот) - city in southeastern Serbia. Pirot Serbian
84. 24.10.23 383
PIRON Name (French / Swiss / Belgian) Piron French
85. 24.10.23 384
TIBOR in old Slavic, Tibor means "sacred place" Tibor old Slavic
86. 24.10.23 385
PITOR painter (in Lombard and Piedmontese) painter Lombard
87. 24.10.23 386
VITOR Vitor - cooper, basketmaker cooper Latin
88. 24.10.23 387
PIREN Piren, king of Argos / a Boeotian prince Piren Greek
89. 24.10.23 388
PIRET Piret (given name) Estonian Variant of Brigitte Piret Estonian
90. 24.10.23 389
PARIL Paril - village in Bulgaria Paril Bulgarian
91. 24.10.23 390
PERIL risk risk English
92. 24.10.23 391
PRION Prion, an infectious agent Prion English
93. 24.10.23 392 ἼΩΝΕΣ Ἴωνες (IΩNES) or Ἰᾱṛϝoνες (*IĀWOΝΕΣ) Iones Greek
ἸᾹЫ
ϜOΝΕΣ (*IĀϜΩNES) (etymology is uncertain) (Ionians) Iawones
94. 27.10.23 393
KUREN(e) Κῡρήνη: Cyrene (queen) and city Cyrene in Libya Cyrene Greek
95. 27.10.23 394
SIWAN People of Siwa & Welsh form of Joan (name) Siwan Welsh
96. 02.11.23 395 FENRIS Fenrir (Old Norse 'fen20-dweller')[3] Wolf Old Norse
97. 02.11.23 396
NZOKU Nzɔku - Loxodonta (African elephants) elephant Kikongo
In the 10th century, the people of Igbo-Ukwu in
Nigeria buried their leaders with elephant tusks.
South Africa uses elephant tusks in their coat of
arms
98. 02.11.23 397
SP'ILO სპილო - Elephas (Asian elephants) elephant Georgian
99. 06.11.23 398
MARIT husband (spouse) in Catalan & Old Occitan husband Catalan
marriage in Tok Pisin From Latin marītus. Old Occitan
100. 06.11.23 399
MARIT nominative plural of mari; Borrowed from Persons Finnish
Eastern Mari мари (mari, “Mari person”). (plural)
101. 06.11.23 400
MARIT Marit-female given name from Margaret Marit Scandinavian
20 A fen is a type of peat-accumulating wetland fed by mineral-rich ground or surface water.[1][2]

am s
102. 06.11.23 401
ROBIN Magpie robin (national bird in Bangladesh) robin English
103. 06.11.23 402
ROBIJN ruby (substance)-from Medieval Latin rubīnus robijn Dutch
104. 06.11.23 403
RABIN rabin-from Latin rabbinus &Hebrew ‫( רבי‬rabí) rabbi Polish
105. 08.11.23 404
TIŠMA Tišma (or Tisma) (A surname name) Tišma Serbian
106. 08.11.23 405
BIRNA Old-Norse: Birna (she-bear, female bear) she-bear Icelandic
107. 08.11.23 406
GADUS Gadus (cod is a common name for Gadus) cod Latin
108. 08.11.23 407
LISMA Lisma (“appear obsequious”): no etymology to fawn Swedish
109. 08.11.23 408
VIRNA Virna (from: Latin 'virgo' or 'Virginia' ): name Virna Italian
110. 08.11.23 409
RAVIN Ravin violent seizure prey, property, plunder ravin English
111. 08.11.23 410
BARIT Mineral baryt/barit, barium sulfate (BaSO4) barit German
112. 08.11.23 411
GLEMS The Glems (tributary of the river Enz)21 Glems German
113. 12.11.23 412
NURhAG ancient megalithic edifice found in Sardinia edifice Sardinian
e Natively, the structure is called a nurhage nurhage
114. 14.11.23 413
SINOP Sinop (city), Greek: Σινώπη, founded by Miletus, Sinop Turkish
(e) named after red earth pigment called sinopia red color
115. 14.11.23 414
PYRET a river of Scythia that flows into the Danube, Prut Romanian
(us) now the river Prut (unknown etymology) (river)
116. 14.11.23 415
PASIN mutation PASIN-TIGRIS of the name Pasitigris Karun English
(or Pasin-Tigris) – also: KARUN (river)
117. 14.11.23 416
TOMIS Τόμις, Constanța, a city in Romania (* 600 BC) Constanța Greek
118. 14.11.23 417
TAURI Tauri (Tawri, Tanwri) 1st people in Crimea Crimean Greek
119. 14.11.23 418
CIRNÉ Kalliste, Corsis, CYRNOS, Cernealis, or CIRNÉ Cyrnus Greek
CYRNOS Corsica
120. 16.11.23 419
LUKAS Surname and given name, also towns in the USA Lukas Italic
LUCAS etymology: related to lux (“light”) Lucas
121. 16.11.23 420
PILAS Dos Pilas - two wells (or water containers) wells Guatemalan
Maya civilisation in Guatemala Spanish
122. 17.11.23 421
MATIS Matis : indigenous people of Brazil.[1] Matis Portuguese
123. 17.11.23 422
MÉTIS Métis Indigenous people in Canada Métis French
originally French:"person of mixed parentage"
124. 19.11.23 423
RIFAT Riphath great-grandson of Noah, grandson of Riphath, Hebrew
Japheth, son of Gomer Rıfat
125. 19.11.23 424
BASIL Basil, from: "basileus" (βασιλεύς, king). In Arabic, Basil Greek
Bas(s)el (‫باسل‬, bāsil) is a name for boys and girls bāsil Arabic
126. 09.12.23 426
NISBA adjective surname indicating the person's place nisba Arabic
of origin, ancestral tribe, or ancestry
21 The name may be inherited from ancient sources, e.g. the indogermanic Word *glom(a)/*glem(a) up to *Glamis(i)a,
eventually indicating a “muddy” river. → GLAM(i)S
am s
127. 15.01.24 427 RAFIT Given name "the one who shows the way" and Rafit Arabic
is of Muslim origin.
128. 07.02.24 428 FANIS Φάνης -masculine given name from the Fánis Greek
Ancient Greek “Theóphanes (θεοφάνης) Φάνης
129. 19.02.24 429 NEURI Neuri (Greek: Νευροὶ, Latin: Neuri): ancient Neuri Baltic
Baltic people, recorded by Herodotus
130. 29.02.24 430 *GUDAS God - “Invoked One”, derived from God Proto-
*GUDAN Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵʰutós
131. 29.02.24 431 *ǴHUTÓS God - “Invoked One” (PIE/ǵʰutós God PI-European
*GUDAZ Proto-Germ.
etymology is uncertain
*GUDĄ
132. 07.03.24 432 PLIAS Plias and Pliades , v. Pleias. Pleiades (Latin) Pleiades Latin
133. 09.03.24 433 METIS Mediomatricum (→ Mettis, Metis → Mets Metz Celtic oppidum
METTIS French/German
birthplace of the Carolingian dynasty
134. 16.03.24 434 ANCUS Ancus Marcius.[5][6][7][8]: 4th Roman king Ancus Latin
135. 20.03.24 435 WALLIS Upper Rhône valley (Vallis-Latin) Vallis, Latin
Wallis
136. 20.03.24 436 PYRRhON Πύρρων ὁ Ἠλεῖος – Gr. philosopher (270 BC) Pyrrho of Old Greek
Elis
137. 20.03.24 437
ḎḤWTY Theuth (Djehuty, ḎḤWTY, ṢḪWTY)) Theuth Ugaritic
ṢḪWTY in the Ugaritic alphabet
138. 01.04.24 438
BERIL Beryl (mineral with formula Be3Al2Si6O18 ) Beryl English
BERYL Middle English: beril borrowed, via Old French: beryl Old French
139. 11.04.24 439
ISFET Isfet is the counter (Unorder) to Maat. Ma'at was Unorder Ancient
to overcome isfet (chaos / a product of an (Chaos) Egyptian
individual's free will)
140. 16.04.24 440
SIBEL Cybele is an ancient goddess of fertility. Κύβελις Greek
CYBELE Phrygian: Matar Kubileya/Kubeleya "Mother" Cybele Phrygian
141. 16.04.24 441
WIDER22 ram (male sheep) ram OHigh German
WIDAR Yiddish
VIDER
142. 11.05.24 442
ÆTIUS Aetius called the "Last of the Romans" was a Aetius Latin
military commander for two decades (433–454).
143. 27.05.24 443
GUTES Gutes (GUTES), population of Gotland, Sweden Goths English
GUTAR Old Gutnish: Gutar (Gutar) Old Gutnish:
144. 11.06.24 444
VRENI Verena (short: Vreni) refers to Saint Verena, a 3rd Verena Swiss
to 4th century. Verena was born in Thebes
145. 14.06..24 445
JURTE Tent, dormitory (Russian: юрта), Tent (Yurt) German,
TIRMÄ тирмә (transl.: tirmä) is the Bashkir term for yurt. тирмә Bashkir
YURTA homeland homeland Russian
22 From Middle High German wider (WIDER), from Old High German widar (WIDAR), from Proto-West Germanic
*weþru, from Proto-Germanic *weþruz, akin to Old Saxon wethar, English wether, Yiddish: ‫( ווידער‬VIDER) -The
form with a short vowel is Central German, perhaps standardised in part to avoid the homophony with wider
(“against”) and wieder (“again”).
am s
JURTA In Hungarian yurt is called "jurta" jurta Hungarian
ЮРТА → "yurta" (юрта)(the word came into English) юрта (Cyrillic)
446
146. 14.06..24
BATYR (“speaking”) Asian elephant, offspring of once- Batyr Turkic
БАТЫЫ
Р wild Indian elephants. Batyr, is a Turkic word Russian
meaning 'dashing equestrian', 'man of courage' or
'athlete'.
Batyr – from famous Bashkir epic poem "Ural-
Batyr" (bash-qurt, "leading wolf" )
see: appendix 3 Batyr – The speaking Asian elephant
147. 14.06..24 447
ДУРАК Дурак, the Russian card game Durak 'ДУРАК' Durak Russian
DURАК (English: 'fool'), (fool)
Table - Additional new entries

additional entries are numbered as recorded in the diary
Appendix 3 - Batyr – The speaking Asian elephant
Speaking animals which are “speaking” pentagrammatons (words), which contain the 5 places of
articulation lingual, labial, palatal, dental and guttural. The name of these animals (BATYR) also are
pentagrammatons.
Batyr, the talking elephant of Kazakhstan,passed away in Karaganda Zoo in September
1993.Batyr first became famous in 1977 when a nightwatchman reported hearing the
eight year old Indian elephant talking to himself. Boris Kosinsky, the deputy director of
the zoo,was sceptical, but paid the prattling pachyderm a visit. "Batyr good boy.Go
away," said Batyr. The news spread throughout the Soviet Union and the zoo's
attendances shot up. A recording of Batyr saying "Batyr is good","Batyr is hungry" and
using words such as "drink" and "give" was played on Kazakh state radio in 1980; and
by 1983, Batyr's vocabulary had risen to 20 phrases,including the local equivalent of
"Have you watered the elephant?"23
Batyr was the offspring of once-wild Indian elephants (a subspecies of the Asian elephant) and was
the second child of his mother, Palm, (1959–1998) and father, Dubas, (1959–1978)[5] presented to
Kazakhstan's Almaty Zoo by the Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru.
The elephants24
Elephants are the largest existing land animals. Three living species are currently recognised:
1. the African bush elephant,
2. the African forest elephant,
3. and the Asian elephant.
They are the only surviving members of the family Elephantidae.
Georgia is a country in Eastern Europe and Western Asia. The Asian elephant may refer to the
Georgian name SP'ILO.
The African elephants may refer to the Kikongo name NZOKU.
Continent Language Name-giving Pentagrams in Name-giving Pentagram

Asia Georgian სპილო (sp'ilo) → ka სპილო (SP'ILO) → KA SP'ILO
Afrika Kikongo nzoku → kg NZOKU → KG NZOKU
Table 9 Translations of the Georgian and Kikongo (Kongo language) words for elephants
A eight year old, intelligent Asian elephant (SP'ILO) may have identified the 5 sources of the human
beings. Such elephants may have learned to imitate the voices human visitors and zookeepers. They
must have identified the 5 easiest phonemes B, A, T, Y, R and the elephant's methods to successfully
imitate the “words”. The given name of the elephant Batyr is the easiest word, which had been
learned.
23 Sieveking, Paul. "Conversing cows and eloquent elephants". fortunecity.com. Archived from the original on
October 15, 2010. Retrieved 4 August 2011.
24 Adam's List of The Created Animals
The elephants were a subset of the animals, which had been described in Adam's List of The
Created Animals:

1. ZIBOR P Source: The Bison-Cult (or Why the Minotaur bison Slavic
ZOBIR P and Quinotaur may Symbolize a Bison)
2. WISEN(t) - Bison bonasus, WISEN(t) or European BISON bison Germanic
3. BISON P From: Latin bison "wild ox" (animal) bison Latin
4. ELGUR P the elk (Islandic: elgur (ELGUR) elk Islandic
5. BJØRN P biorn, from Old Norse bjǫrn (“bear”) - probably bjørn (bear) Old Norse
BJORN P from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“brown,
shining”).
6. LÚKOS P wolf (Ancient Greek: Λύκος Lúkos, "wolf" wolf Ancient
Greek
7. SWINE P Swine - Old High German swin, Middle Dutch swine English
SchWEIN swijn, Dutch zwijn, German Schwein, Old Norse, (animal) German
Swedish, Danish svin)
8. MORIN P MORIN - Mongole „Pferd“, Chinese „ma“ horse Mongol
→ in German Mähre
9. ASINU P in Corsican: asinu; Sicilian: àsinu, ASINU ass Sicilian
10. FELIS P The generic name Felis is derived from Classical Felis Classical
CATUS Latin FELIS CATUS resp. FELIS, meaning Latin
FYRET "cat, ferret"
11. CETUS P Whale ( huge fish, sea monster), whale Latin
Greek ΚΗΗΤΟΣ (kêtos)
12. ŚANKU P [pointed stick, big fish] Big fish Old-Indian
13. SP'ILO P სპილო (SP'ILO) → KA - სპილო (sp'ilo) → ka Elephant Georgisch
NZOKU P NZOKU → KG - nzoku → kg Kikongo
14. MENSCh P man (person) from MENNISKO ('person') (1100) Man Germanic
Table 10 The pentagrams for the most impressive creatures in the world
(Adam's List of the Created Animals)
Batyr
Batyr (BATYR) (1970[1][2] – 1993) was an Asian elephant claimed to be able to use a
large amount of meaningful human speech. Living in a zoo in Kazakhstan in the Soviet
Union, Batyr was reported as having a vocabulary of more than 20 phrases.[3] A
recording of Batyr saying "BATYR is good", his name and using words such as drink
and give was played on Kazakh state radio and on the Soviet Central Television
programme Vremya in 1980.[4]
Batyr (BATYR), whose name is a Turkic word meaning 'dashing equestrian', 'man of
courage' or 'athlete', was first alleged to speak just before New Year's Day in the winter
of 1977 when he was seven years old. Zoo employees were the first to notice his
"speech", but he soon delighted zoo-goers at large by appearing to ask his attendants for
water and regularly praising or (infrequently) chastising himself. By 1979, his fame as
the "speaking elephant" had spread in the wake of various mass-media stories about his
abilities, many containing considerable fabrication and wild conjecture. Batyr's case
was also included in several books on animal behaviour, and in the proceedings of
several scientific conferences. These developments drew a spate of zoo visitors, and
brought the offer of an exchange—Batyr for a rare bonobo—from the Czechoslovak
Circus; an offer rejected by the zoo's employees.
A. N. Pogrebnoj-Aleksandroff, a young worker at the zoo[6][7] who studied Batyr's abilities and
wrote many publications about him, said of the elephant:
Batyr, on the level of natural blares, [Batyr] said words (including human slang) by
manipulating his trunk. By putting the trunk in his mouth, pressing a tip of the trunk to
the bottom of the jaw and manipulating the tongue, [the elephant] said words. Besides,
being in a corner of the cage (frequently at night) with the trunk softly hanging down,
the elephant said words almost silently—a sound comparable with the sound of
ultrasonic devices used against mosquitoes or the peep of mosquitoes, which human
hearing hears well until approximately the age of 40. While pronouncing words, only
the tip of the elephant's trunk is clamped inside [the mouth] and Batyr made subtle
movements with a finger-shaped shoot on the trunk tip".
Asian elephant25
Asian elephants have a very large and highly developed neocortex, a trait also shared by
humans, apes and certain dolphin species. They have a greater volume of cerebral
cortex available for cognitive processing than all other existing land animals. Results of
studies indicate that Asian elephants have cognitive abilities for tool use and tool-
making similar to great apes.[80] They exhibit a wide variety of behaviours, including
those associated with grief, learning, allomothering, mimicry, play, altruism, use of
tools, compassion, cooperation, self-awareness, memory, and language.[81] 26
List of 5-letter words reported to have been spoken by Batyr27

The words and phrases often repeat all 5 places of articulation (lingual, labial, palatal, dental and
guttural). Maybe the intelligent animal recognized the 5 places of articulation of the human beings
and imitated the phrases (using the trunk in the mouth). Especially the colored samples (7 or 8)
contain the imitated pentagrammaton of:
1. 7 imitations of his name БАТЫЫР: 'BATYR' (English: 'man of courage' or 'athlete'),
2. 1 imitation of Дурак, the Russian card game Durak 'ДУРАК' (English: 'fool'),
3. resp. 1 imitation of the word ВодыЫ: [WO-DIH] (English: 'water' or 'WATI(R)').
Full list of words and phrases repoSoviet Unionrted to have been spoken by
Batyr28
Living in a zoo in Kazakhstan in the , Batyr was reported as having a vocabulary of
more than 20 phrases.[3] A recording of Batyr saying "BATYR is good", his name and
using words such as drink and give was played on Kazakh state radio.
25 Soorce: Asian_elephant
26 Elephant cognition
27 Batyr
28 Batyr
I added some comments and markers to the most interesting 5-letter words (pentagrammatons):
1. БатыЫр: 'BATYR', said abruptly;
2. Я (YA): 'I'm', said very abruptly, in combination with his name, using long pronunciation;
I'm-Batyr (“YA BATYR') sounded almost together;
3. БаЫтыЫр: 'BATYR', said thoughtfully-tenderly and lingeringly;
4. Батыр, Батыр, Батыр…: 'BATYR, BATYR, BATYR', joyfully running in a cage;
5. Батырушка: Batyrushka, an affectionate version of the name BATYR;[4]
6. ВодыЫ: 'water', a request; Pronunciation: водыы́ [WO-DIH] → 'WATIR'
7. Хороṛ ший: 'good', as in good fellow;
8. Батыр хороṛ ший: 'good BATYR';
9. Ой-ё-ёй: 'Oh-yo', sonorously;
10. Дурак: 'fool', seldom and abruptly; DURAK (Russian: ДУРАК, IPA: [dʊˈrak] ⓘ; lit. 'fool')
is a traditional Russian card game
11. Плохой: 'bad', rarely;
12. Батыр плохой: 'bad BATYR', rarely; Pronunciation: плохоЫй • [PLOXÓJ]
13. Идиṛ: 'go';
14. Иди [на] хуй: 'go to hell', obscene Russian phrase; said for the first and only time during a
telecast shooting;
15. Хуй: Russian curse word for 'penis', seldom and abruptly;
16. Баṛ-ба: short form of babushka 'grandmother'; short children's sound ba;
17. Даṛ: 'yes';
18. Дай: 'give (me)';
19. Дай-дай-дай: 'give, give, give';
20. Раз-два-три: 'one, two, three', while dancing, turning and hopping.
Contents
Abstract.................................................................................................................................................1
The Vocabulary of 5-Letter Words (~444 words).................................................................................2
Comparing the Hebrew and the Greek alphabets.................................................................................3
The Greek Proto-Alphabēton...........................................................................................................3
The Hebrew alphabet.......................................................................................................................3
Appendix - The vocabulary of the pentagrammatons..........................................................................4
The most successful languages...........................................................................................................23
The Mandarin Chinese...................................................................................................................24
The old-Persian alphabet...............................................................................................................24
Epilogue (30.07.2023)........................................................................................................................25
Summary........................................................................................................................................25
Appendices.........................................................................................................................................26
Appendix 1 – The multiplied versions of the Lúkos pentagrams..................................................26
Appendix 2 - Additional new entries.............................................................................................28
Appendix 3 - Batyr – The speaking Asian elephant......................................................................36

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The Vocabulary of the

Language Sky-god Virtue Wisdom Virtue Justice

1 Why Wotan is Related to Metis and Minerva...

row lingual palatal guttural labial dental

The Greek Proto-Alphabēton

row lingual palatal guttural labial dental

3 Lambda Λ12 Kappa Ch11 Eta H8 Mu M13 San S18 5

2 Theta Θ9 Iota I10 Epsilon Ε5 Digamma Ϝ/V6 Xi Ξ15 5

1 Delta Δ4 Gamma Γ3 Alpha A1 Beta B2 Zeta Z7 5

Table 3 The display of the theonym Θ9-I10-Ε5-V6-S15 in the ἀλφάβητον alphabet

The Hebrew alphabet

row lingual palatal guttural labial dental

4 Nun N14 Qoph K19 Ayin Gh16 Pe Ph17 Resh R20 5

3 Lamedh L12 Kaph Ch11 Heth H8 Mem M13 Tsade Ts18 5

2 Teth T9 Yodh I10 He Ε5 Waw V6 Samekh S15 5

9 A fen is a type of peat-accumulating wetland fed by mineral-rich ground or surface water.[1][2]

10 Sumerian Grammar uploaded by Baskar Saminathnan

('goddess of physical love').[2] Vanir is sometimes anglicized to Wanes (singular Wane).[a]

Dictionary (~444) of perfect pentagrams

Language PIE-languages Percentage of world population (2022)

Labial Apical Retroflex Palatal Velar

The old-Persian alphabet

16 Source for details: An Alternative History for the Alphabet

Appendix 1 – The multiplied versions of the Lúkos pentagrams

Lykos in rivers' names18

19 Sumerian Grammar uploaded by Baskar Saminathnan

55. 23.07.23 356

20 A fen is a type of peat-accumulating wetland fed by mineral-rich ground or surface water.[1][2]

Table - Additional new entries

Continent Language Name-giving Pentagrams in Name-giving Pentagram

Pentagram P Information Definitions Language

List of 5-letter words reported to have been spoken by Batyr27

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