Chapter-1

Introduction of organisation

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 COMPANY PROFILE

1.1 About the Company

O7 Services is an ISO 9001:2015 and MSME PB10D0011152 Certified Company

and is blessed with a Strong and Talented Team. Basically, they deal in Web
Development, Mobile Development, Custom Software Development, Designing,
Hosting services, Digital Marketing, Registration of Domain Names with the various
latest extensions, Internet and Social Media Marketing, Search Engine Optimization
(SEO), Pay Per Click (PPC) Management and provide the most advanced IT
solutions, supporting full business cycle: preliminary consulting, system development
& deployment, quality assurance and 24×7 supports. With a rich experience of
over 6 successful years, O7 Services tends to build long-lasting strategic
partnerships with their clients to ensure affordable prices, timely delivery and
measurable business results. Their Head Office is in Jalandhar and the Branch Office
is in Hoshiarpur.

Some of the products developed by O7 Services are- Tracking System, Invoice

Software, School Management System, Hospital Management system, Parents-
Teacher Communication App, Fee Management system, Task Management System,
Online Food Ordering App, Security App, Admission system, Inventory Software, Car
Servicing App etc. Apart from this, O7 Services also provides 6 Weeks/ 6 Months
Industrial Training, Project Based Training, Corporate Training and Job Oriented
Courses Training to the students on all major IT Trends like- 

Flutter, Kotlin, Android, IOS, FIREBASE, Python, Angular, React JS, Node JS,
ASP.NET, .NET CORE, PHP, Laravel, CodeIgniter, OOPs PHP, MEAN Stack, MERN
Stack, Digital Marketing, Word Press, Red Hat Linux, CCNA, CCNP, CCNA Security,
MCSE, MCITP, Java, Java MVC, C/C++, Photoshop, Adobe Illustrator, CorelDraw
etc.

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1.2 Mission-Vision-Goals 

Vision:
“Vision is the Art of seeing what is Invisible to Others” 
Worldwide reputation is the dream of every company and O7 Services want to
achieve it through their work.

Mission:
“Your Dream is our Mission” 
O7 Services deliver Innovative Web and Mobile Solutions, ensure complete
transparency in the procedure, provide regular updates on the project and give equal
priority to all the customers regardless what is the size or type of their project.

Goals :
“A Dream becomes a Goal when Action is taken towards its Achievement” 
Their Goals are SMART- Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant and Timely
goals. Thry tend to provide best Web Solutions, Desktop Applications & Mobile
Applications, build the Brand of our Customers, build Trust and Long Lasting
Relationships, help our customers with Internet Marketing and be the Best in the field
of Industrial Training.

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1.3 Services
A. Web development

E-Commerce solutions: E Commerce solutions are that help a company to improve

their business performance electronically. E-commerce solutions are best for those
electronic merchants who want to improve their online checkout process for their
clients and might turn to a specialized vendor. Nowadays, businesses need proper E-
business. They are demanding more than just online transaction support. It means
that they require a website that will help them in building relationships with clients. E-
commerce is very important because it enhances quick growth of any business. They
spend time understanding what the audience wants and provide an E-commerce
website.

CMS Development services: Content Management System allows them  to control

and manage the content very efficiently within our website. Content Management
system is user friendly, it makes it easier for users to upload content, videos, images,
delete, review, publish and unpublished the content, images and videos as well. It
provides a well organised platform for users to manage the data. It is mainly used for
Web Content Management (WCM) and Enterprise Content Management (ECM). It
purely does not matter what your CMS requirements may be; we will help you get a
unique CMS solution.

ERP Solutions: Enterprise resource planning (ERP) is business process

management software that allows an organization to use a system of integrated
applications to manage the business and automate many back-office functions
related to technology, services and human resources. It is real-time and mediated by
software and technology.

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B. Mobile development

Android app development: O7 Services is a leading brand in the field of Industrial

Training In Jalandhar. We provide quality Education to our students for the creation
of a unique learning experience. Our ISO 9001:2008 Certified center provides the
latest and unique learning methodologies to gain expertise in the latest courses. The
Industrial training modules have been designed by IT industry experts who possess
years of experience in this field.

Hybrid App development: In this fast life we all required a cross channel mobility
strategy and a goal of faster time on iOs and Android mobile app development
platforms. For this we have one common thing that is Hybrid app development. It is a
technology which is amalgamation of HTML5 based web App and Native App. It
provides a strong substitute to native development. We provide authentic and robust
hybrid app development services. If you want a cross-platform mobile app for your
business then connect with our developers that excel in hybrid app development.

IOS development: Developing apps for this platform is a privilege. O7 Services

takes great delight in creating IOS business apps that provide satisfaction to you and
convenience to your customers. We provide cutting-edge solutions to turn your
requirements into reality. According to an ever changing era, companies opt for
scalable mobile apps. IOS developed smartly can offer the clients to grow and
engage their users in an interactive way. Hence, Professional looks for the premier
iOS App development services.

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C. Software development
Inventory software: An Inventory Management Software is specially designed for
medium sized and corporate enterprises to meet their requirements. A well organised
business needs to maintain up to date accurate information about its receipt of
goods, goods transfer and status of stock at any point of time. A dedicated inventory
control system is required to manage all operations evenly and minutely. Our
Inventory Software, developed by our dedicated team will help you in edit and update
all significant information along with accurate & up-to-date inventory qualities.

Billing software development: Everyone is well aware about Goods and Services
Tax (GST). Its calculation has become a necessary part of every business whether
it’s small or large business. But growing your business legally and at the same time
calculating large amounts with understanding of GST, becomes a difficult challenge.
For this everyone Business Company needs GST/Billing software because clear
transaction and provide tax invoice every time is very necessary. Our company
develops the GST/Billing software and installs software at a very reasonable price.
We will guide you regarding using this software

Custom Software Development: Custom software development is essential for

business if you want to grow your business then you should have your custom
developed software. It’s not necessary to have established business. We will be
happy to assist you at every stage of the software development life cycle. Our
developers’ team develops perfect software intended to meet customers’ demands. 

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D. Industrial Training
6 Week/ Months Training: O7 Services is a leading brand in the field of Industrial
Training In Jalandhar. We provide quality Education to our students for the creation
of a unique learning experience. Our ISO 9001:2015 Certified center provides the
latest and unique learning methodologies to gain expertise in the latest courses. The
Industrial training modules have been designed by IT industry experts who possess
years of experience in this field.

Customize Training: Our team designs quality courses which cater the training
needs of personnel as a professional. Our customized courses help an individual to
cater to their special training needs. The pupil can choose a course according to their
requirements or wishes. There is no hard and fast rule that one can do only a specific
course Moreover, New technologies and strategies will be provided in industrial
training. Meanwhile, individuals can opt for the desired course.

Online Training Program: Online training programs are also known as computer
based training (CBT), distance learning, or e-learning. Online training is a form of
instruction that takes place completely on the internet. It involves a variety of
multimedia elements, including graphics, audio, video, and web-links, which all can
be accessed through one’s internet browser. O7 services also provides online
courses to those  learners who has strong desire to learn technologies.

Corporate Training: Corporate communication courses aim to improve the

knowledge and skills of students such as effective written and oral communication,
business acumen, ethical awareness, digital strategies, or flexible think Formal
classroom training is just one way to meet the skills gap. The best corporate training
programs provide multiple ways people can consume training, both formal and
informal. Collaborative platforms, self-authored video, mobile and blended learning
options are all becoming accepted corporate training tools

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E. IT Integration

Network Security: The vulnerabilities of any network system become the target of a
cyber-criminal. To ensure that this vulnerability is tackled with, our network security
offers solutions such as- Detection and Threat Insight, Unified Threat Management,
Secure Communication, Secure access, Next-Generation Firewall. Providing these
services at small, medium and large scale enterprises, we strive towards a network
security that has the potential to guarantee a growth of your business with a huge
jump.

Structured Cabling: Our company provides assistance in services of Structured

Cabling which is strictly the backbone of the whole networking system. We provide a
strategic approach to your cabling infrastructure with our experienced and proven
solutions using structured cabling solutions that are applied in an end-to-end method.
Our structured cabling services allow you to run multiple devices and applications
simultaneously.

Wireless Infrastructure: Wireless infrastructure is the foundation that supports all

mobile communications today in communities across the country. We provide
Wireless Infrastructure Solutions to ensure scalability of Network Topology which is
implemented in a particular Campus. Our High performance communication solutions
allow us to deploy strong wireless networks which increase Security, Agility and
Efficiency.

Network Design and Implementation: The entire load of work and its organization
in any firm or company falls on the shoulders of a good networking system that
should be robust and smooth. What ensures such a networking system is a good
Network Design and Implementation which is efficiently provided by our company
solutions. Composed of all the wireless networking, WAN intranets, LAN, VPN &
Remote Access, cloud storage.

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F. Digital Marketing

Search Engine Optimization (SEO): Organic SEO plays a huge rule in generating
the marketing outcome of any business. The prime focus of our SEO services is to
make sure that your website’s architecture is search engine friendly and is free from
any penalization. We follow strategies that would help in getting long term benefits.

Social Media Marketing (SMM): SMM services approaches developing and sharing
content in the form of text, images and videos on various social media channels like
Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, YouTube and many more to gain user attention and
achieve your branding goals. It also leads to increased leads and sales.

Content Marketing: Content is KING. Content Marketing means creating and

sharing valuable free content to attract and convert prospects into customers, and
customers into repeat buyers. The type of content you share is closely related to
what you sell, in other words, you’re educating people so that they know, like, and
trust you enough to do business with you.

Email Marketing: Email marketing is the act of sending a commercial message,

typically to a group of people, using email. It usually involves using email to send
advertisements, request business, or solicit sales or donations, and is meant to build
loyalty, trust, or brand awareness. Marketing emails can be sent to a purchased lead
list or a current customer database.

Google Analytics: Google Analytics is a freemium web analytics service offered by

Google that tracks and reports website traffic, currently as a platform inside the
Google Marketing Platform brand. Google Analytics lets you measure your
advertising ROI as well as track your Flash, video, and social networking sites and
applications.

Google Ad Words: Start to advertise online with Google Ads. Get targeted PPC
internet marketing. Google Ads is an online advertising service developed by Google,
where advertisers pay to display brief advertisements, service offerings, product
listings, and video content within the Google ad network to web users.

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G. Placements
Personality Development: Personality development is a full-fledged course as
people have started understanding the importance of this is the true sense. In
personality development we will help a person to get a positive thought pattern, gain
confidence, improve behavior, learn better communication and develop a healthy
physique. With the help of good training a child or an adult can learn communication
skills and enhance the general as well as unique traits of a person that is required for
differentiating a person from another.

CV and Resume Writing: CV and Resume writing is not just about writing a
document. It outlines your background, your skills, and your education so that an
employer can quickly see your potential. It is the very first impression that can be
made on the employer which is why, It is known to be the most crucial step in a job
search. CV and Resume writing is a course in which tip and tricks will be taught
about how you can showcase your skill and potential in a document that will help you
get hired.
Interview Preparations: We provide classes for interview preparations such as
personal (face-to-face), telephonic and video interviews. These days’ technical skills
are important and so is your physical appearance.  Many companies’ now-a-days
conduct telephonic and video interviews of candidates and then only shortlisted
candidates get a call for face-to-face interview. Therefore, we provide training for
every type of interview preparation.

Group Discussion: A Group Discussion round is ideally conducted in order to

understand a candidate's interpersonal skills. Since group discussions in an interview
involve discussing topics with individuals you have never interacted with before, how
well you’re able to put across your point and are able to lead a discussion is judged
upon, based on which you can work in a team or lead them can be easily assessed. 

Interview Tips and Techniques: Interview Tips-In this module, we will guide you
with the various tips and tricks that will be required by the candidate for appearing in
an interview. All the important questions that may be asked in the interview will be
discussed. Also all do’s and don’ts during the interview will be discussed.

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1.4 Contact Details

Website: www.o7services.com
Email: enquiry@o7services.com, hr@o7services.com
Voice: +91-181-5015007 +91-84373-65007

Address:
HEAD OFFICE
2nd Floor, Badwal Complex, Opposite Narinder Cinema, Near Bus Stand, Jalandhar,
Punjab

BRANCH OFFICE
1st Floor, Gogia Complex, Above More Mall, Near Ramgarhia Chowk, Hoshiarpur,
Punjab

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 Chapter -2
Introduction of Project

12
2.1 Introduction – Investment

Investment is the dedication of money to purchase of an asset to attain an increase

in value over a period of time. Investment requires a sacrifice of some present asset,
such as time, money, or effort.

In finance, the purpose of investing is to generate a return from the invested asset.

The return may consist of a gain (profit) or a loss realized from the sale of a property
or an investment, unrealized capital appreciation (or depreciation), or investment
income such as dividends, interest, or rental income, or a combination of capital gain
and income. The return may also include currency gains or losses due to changes in
the foreign currency exchange rates.

Investors generally expect higher returns from riskier investments. When a low-risk

investment is made, the return is also generally low. Similarly, high risk comes with a
chance of high losses.

Investors, particularly novices, are often advised to diversify their portfolio.

Diversification has the statistical effect of reducing overall risk.

Meaning

An investment is an asset or item acquired with the goal of generating income or

appreciation. Appreciation refers to an increase in the value of an asset over time.
When an individual purchases a good as an investment, the intent is not to consume
the good but rather to use it in the future to create wealth.

An investment always concerns the outlay of some resource today—time, effort,

money, or an asset—in hopes of a greater payoff in the future than what was
originally put in. For example, an investor may purchase a monetary asset now with
the idea that the asset will provide income in the future or will later be sold at a
higher price for a profit.

 An investment involves putting capital to use today in order to increase its

value over time.
 An investment requires putting capital to work, in the form of time, money,
effort, etc., in hopes of a greater payoff in the future than what was originally put in.
 An investment can refer to any medium or mechanism used for generating
future income, including bonds, stocks, real estate property, or alternative
investments.
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 Investments usually do not come with guarantees of appreciation; it is possible to
end up with less money than with what you started.
 Investments can be diversified to reduce risk, though this may reduce the
amount of earning potential.

Characteristics of investment

The features of economic and financial investments can be summarized as return,

risk, safety, and liquidity.

1. Return
 All investments are characterized by the expectation of a return. In fact,
investments are made with the primary objective of deriving a return.  The return
may be received in the form of yield plus capital appreciation.  The difference
between the sale price and the purchase price is capital appreciation.  The dividend
or interest received from the investment is theyield.  The return from an investment
depends upon the nature of the investment, the maturity period and a host of other
factors.
Return = Capital Gain + Yield (interest, dividend etc.)
2. Risk
Risk refers to the loss of principal amount of an investment. It is one of the major
characteristics of an investment. The risk depends on the following factors:  The
investment maturity period is longer; in this case, investor will take larger risk
.  Government or Semi Government bodies are issuing securities which have less
risk.
 In the case of the debt instrument or fixed deposit, the risk of above investment is
less due to their secured and fixed interest payable on them. For instance
debentures.
 In the case of ownership instrument like equity or preference shares, the risk is
more due to their unsecured nature and variability of their return and ownership
character.
 The risk of degree of variability of returns is more in the case of ownership capital
compare to debt capital.
 The tax provisions would influence the return of risk.
3.Safety:

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Safety refers to the protection of investor principal amount and expected rate of
return.
 Safety is also one of the essential and crucial elements of investment. Investor
prefers safety about his capital. Capital is the certainty of return without loss of
money or it will take time to retain it. If investor prefers less risk securities, he
chooses Government bonds. In the case, investor prefers high rate of return investor
will choose private Securities and Safety of these securities is low.
4.Liquidity:
Liquidity refers to an investment ready to convert into cash position. In other words,
it is available immediately in cash form. Liquidity means that investment is easily
realizable, saleable or marketable. When the liquidity is high, then the return may be
low. For example, UTI units. An investor generally prefers liquidity for his
investments, safety of funds through a minimum risk and maximization of return from
an investment.

Factors Affecting Investment Decisions

An investment is a planned decision, and some of the factors that are responsible for
these decisions are as follows:

 Investment Objective: The purpose behind an investment determines the

short-term or long-term fund allocation. It is the starting point of the decision-making
process.
 Return on Investment: Managers prioritize positive returns—they try to
employ limited funds in a profitable asset or security.
 Return Frequency: The number of periodic returns an investment offer is
crucial. Financial management is based on financial needs; investors choose
between investments that yield monthly, quarterly, semi-annual, or annual returns.
 Risk Involved: An investment may possess high, medium, or low risk, and the
risk appetite of every investor and company is different. Therefore, every investment
requires a risk analysis.
 Investment Objective: The purpose behind an investment determines the
short-term or long-term fund allocation. It is the starting point of the decision-making
process.
 Return on Investment: Managers prioritize positive returns—they try to
employ limited funds in a profitable asset or security.

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 Return Frequency: The number of periodic returns an investment offer is
crucial. Financial management is based on financial needs; investors choose
between investments that yield monthly, quarterly, semi-annual, or annual returns.
 Risk Involved: An investment may possess high, medium, or low risk, and the
risk appetite of every investor and company is different. Therefore, every investment
requires a risk analysis.
 Maturity Period or Investment Tenure: Investments pay off when funds are
blocked for a certain period. Thus, investor decisions are influenced by the maturity
period and payback period.
 Tax Benefit: Tax liability associated with a particular asset or security is
another crucial deciding factor. Investors tend to avoid investment opportunities that
are taxed heavily.
 Safety: An asset or security offered by a company that adheres to regulatory
frameworks and has a transparent financial disclosure is considered safe.
Government-backed assets are considered the most secure.
 Volatility: Market fluctuations significantly affect investment returns and,
therefore, cannot be overlooked.
 Liquidity: Investors are often worried about their emergency funds—the
provision to withdraw money before maturity. Hence, investors look at the degree of
liquidity offered by a particular asset or security; they specifically consider withdrawal
restrictions and penalties.
 Inflation Rate: In financial management, investors look for investment
opportunities where returns surpass the nation’s inflation rate.

Objectives of Investment

Before you decide to invest your earnings in any one of the many investment plans
available in India, it’s essential to understand the reasons behind it and the
investment meaning. While the individual objectives of investment may vary from one
investor to another, the overall goals of investing money may be any one of the
following reasons..

1. To Keep Money Safe

Capital preservation is one of the primary objectives of investment for people. Some
investments help keep hard-earned money safe from being eroded with time. By
parking your funds in these instruments or schemes, you can ensure that you do not
outlive your savings. Fixed deposits, government bonds, and even an ordinary
16
savings account can help keep your money safe. Although the return on
investment may be lower here, the objective of capital preservation is easily met. 

2. To Help Money Grow

Another one of the common objectives of investing money is to ensure that it grows
into a sizable corpus over time. Capital appreciation is generally a long-term goal that
helps people secure their financial future. To make the money you earn grow into
wealth, you need to consider investment objectives and options that offer a
significant return on the initial amount invested. Some of the best investments to
achieve growth include real estate, mutual funds, commodities, and equity. The risk
associated with these options may be high, but the return is also generally significant.

3. To Earn a Steady Stream of Income

Investments can also help you earn a steady source of secondary (or primary)
income. Examples of such investments include fixed deposits that pay out regular
interest or stocks of companies that pay investors dividends consistently. Income-
generating investments can help you pay for your everyday expenses after you have
retired. Alternatively, they can also act as excellent sources of supplementary income
during your working years by providing you with additional money to meet outlays like
college expenses or EMIs.

4. To Minimize the Burden of Tax

Aside from capital growth or preservation, investors also have other compelling
objectives for investment. This motivation comes in the form of tax benefits offered by
the Income Tax Act, 1961. Investing in options such as Unit Linked Insurance Plans
(ULIPs), Public Provident Fund (PPF), and Equity Linked Savings Schemes (ELSS)
can be deducted from your total income. This has the effect of reducing your taxable
income, thereby bringing down your tax liability.

5. To Save up for Retirement

Saving up for retirement is a necessity. It is essential to have a retirement fund you
can fall back on in your golden years, because you may not be able to continue
working forever. By investing the money you earn during your working years in the
right investment options, you can allow your funds to grow enough to sustain you
after you’ve retired.

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6. To Meet your Financial Goals
Investing can also help you achieve your short-term and long-term financial goals
without too much stress or trouble. Some investment options, for instance, come with
short lock-in periods and high liquidity. These investments are ideal instruments to
park your funds in if you wish to save up for short-term targets like funding home
improvements or creating an emergency fund. Other investment options that come
with a longer lock-in period are perfect for saving up for long-term goals.

Process of investment planning

Step 1 - Establishing Investment Goals and Objectives

Investment Objectives: During our initial discussion we will spend time discussing

your short and long-term financial goals and objectives. Understanding the role that
your investments play in your current and future cash flow, and where you are in the
'accumulation-income generation-preservation-distribution' cycle is essential to
matching your investment goals to your investment portfolio.

Step 2 - Determining Risk Tolerance and Appropriate Asset Allocation

Risk Profile. Using a model risk analysis profile questionnaire we will have a

discussion regarding risk-reward, time horizon for investments and return
expectations.
Asset Allocation. The results of the risk analysis model will provide information that
I will use to develop a suitable investment portfolio. A portfolio comprised of
investment asset categories that will provide you with an investment portfolio
designed to help you achieve your investment goals and objectives.

Step 3 - Creating the Investment Portfolio

Portfolio Design. Whether your portfolio is being designed for long term capital
appreciation or the generation of income, selecting the investments to build your
portfolio is an important step in developing a suitable investment strategy. There are
a number of alternatives that will be discussed and explored as a part of this process,
and I will help you to determine which is suitable for your needs. Mutual Funds,
Managed Accounts, Wrap Accounts, Individual Securities, Bank Products, Annuities,

18
Insurance Products may all have a place in your portfolio. It is at this step in the
process that we focus on which is suitable for your specific needs.

Step 4 - Monitoring and Reporting

Portfolio Review and Reporting. Performance of the investment portfolio relative to

your stated objectives and the investment marketplace and the broad economy helps
you to keep your investment portfolio and decisions in perspective. We establish a
timeframe to meet and discuss whether you are on track and making strides to
achieve your investment objectives.

Types of Investment 

1. Stocks
Investments in equity markets or stocks provide avenue for wealth creation over a
long period of time. It takes a great deal of research and prudence to understand the
different types of investment opportunities and identify the right stocks to invest
in. You also need to time your entry and exit prudently, and it involves continuous
monitoring of investments. Capital appreciation happens over long period of time and
is dependent upon market volatility.

Depending on the types of investors in India, stock investments can bring good
returns on the basis of risk-appetite. The good news is that in the long run, some of
the stocks has been shown to deliver greater inflation-adjusted returns when
compared with many other classes of assets.

2. Certificate of Deposit 
Among the many investment types in India, Certificate of Deposit is a money market
instrument which is issued against the funds deposited by an investor. It is invested
with the bank in a dematerialized form for a certain period of time. Certificate of
Deposit is issued by Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) and regulated by
the Reserve Bank of India (RBI).

Investment tips for Certificate of Deposit  

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A CD can be issued to a single issuer for a minimum of Rs.1 Lakh and its multiples

Maturity period of a Certificate of Deposit issued by the commercial banks can range
from 7 days to 1 year. Whereas, maturity period for a certificate of deposit issued by
financial institutions ranges from 1 year to 3 years

3.  Bonds 
Bonds are a type of debt investment that have gained popularity in India. Bond
investors lend money to the issuer of the instrument. In the return, the bond issuer
i.e. borrower pays interest to the investor at a pre-defined coupon rate till the maturity
of the bond. Once the bond matures, the investor receives the original investment
back. While most Bonds in India feature a fixed coupon rate, other types of bonds
like floating rate bonds and zero-coupon bonds have grown in popularity over the
years.

Tips for investing in bonds in India:

The bond issuer is required to pay the investor’s principal amount back at the time of
maturity.
Currently, bond investments in India can be made either directly or through Debt
Mutual Funds.

4. Real Estate
Investing in real estate involves purchasing residential or commercial properties to
allow your capital to appreciate or to generate regular rental income. With such
investment types, you get to enjoy a steady stream of income in the form of
rent. Another option is to make real estate investments without actually purchasing
the property. This can be done by purchasing units of Real Estate Investment Trusts
(REITs). REITs in India typically invest in commercial properties and investors earn
based on the rental income received from these properties.

Investment in Real Estate Tips

If you are looking to score a higher rate of appreciation, make simple improvements
and upgrades to your real estate investment. This can go a long way in increasing
the market value of your property
Understand the additional costs you may have to incur on your real estate purchase.
These may include annual maintenance and upkeep outgo, taxation, utility expenses

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and more

5. Fixed Deposits (FD)

Fixed Deposits, which are offered by banks and non-banking financial organisations
(NBFCs), are an excellent option to grow your funds while maintaining the highest
level of safety. Among the different types of investments in India, this remain a
popular choice since it allows you to deposit a lump sum cash with your lender and
choose a tenor that suits your needs. Following the conclusion of the pre-determined
tenor, your deposit begins collecting interest at the interest rate you locked in for the
duration of your deposit.

Investment tips for Fixed Deposits

Premature withdrawals from your FDs will incur a penalty. Hence, it is advisable to
choose a suitable deposit tenure after keenly evaluating your future financial goals
While FDs are generally assumed to be risk-free types of investments in certain
circumstances, they carry with them an amount of risk.  In the event that a bank fails
financially, you are insured an amount of Rs.5 lakh per bank per depositor. By
splitting your investment across different banks, you can effectively safeguard a good
chunk of your finances

6. Mutual Funds
Mutual funds (MFs) invest in market-linked instruments such as stocks, bonds, or a
mix of both equity and debt instruments. The different types of investors in India can
choose between equity funds, debt funds, and balanced funds depending on your
financial goals and requirements. Furthermore, you can also invest small amounts
periodically in MFs using a Systematic Investment Plan (SIP).

Investment tips for Mutual Funds

Review your risk preferences before choosing from the different types of
investment options. Invest in equity mutual funds if you have a higher risk appetite;
for conservative investors, debt schemes are ideal. The options exist to suit the
preferences of varying types of investors in India.
Understand the prevalent taxation system before investing. You can invest in tax-
saving mutual funds such as the ELSS (Equity Linked Savings Scheme) to help
maximize your returns

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Understand the various charges you may incur while choosing different funds in
these investment types. This is commonly known as the expense ratio.

7. Public Provident Fund (PPF)

Considered to be one of the safest option among the different types of investment in
India, Public Provident Fund (PPF) is an instrument backed by the government. You
can invest in PPF by opening an account with any bank or post office. While opening
the account, the minimum investment amount is as low as Rs.100 in some of the
banks (can vary for every bank). Thereafter, the annual limits for PPF deposits range
from a minimum of Rs.500 to a maximum of Rs.1.5 lakh. These investment
types come with a lock-in period of 15 years and are eligible for tax deductions under
section 80C of the Income Tax Act, 1961.
Investment Tips for PPF
PPF interest is calculated on the basis of the minimum balance in one’s PPF account
between the 5th of the month and the month end. Thus, you should make it a
practice to invest before the 5th of every month
Investing in a PPF through a bank that provides the facility of online transfers is a
must. This spells convenience and efficiency for investors and helps facilitate regular
contributions.

8. Gold
A gold fund is a type of investment fund that holds assets related to gold. The two
most common types of gold funds are those holding physical gold bullion, gold
futures contracts, or gold mining companies. Gold funds are popular investment
vehicles among investors who wish to hedge against perceived inflation risks .

9. Crypto currency
Crypto currency is digital money that is secured by block chain technology. Crypto
currency investing can take many forms, ranging from buying crypto currency directly
to investing in crypto funds and companies. You can buy crypto currency using a
crypto exchange or through certain broker-dealers.

22
Investment behaviour
Investment behavior is based on uncertainty about the future and is thus risky. News
and rumors and speed and availability of information play important roles in
investment markets. Risk propensity, risk preference, and attitude are the major
concepts and explanations of investment behavior .

Process

Investing in an asset, security, or project requires a lot of patience; ideally, the

decision-making process should be analytical. Following is a five-step process
decision-making process that guides investors:

 Analyze Financial Position: For financial management, one has to understand

the company or individual’s current financial condition.
 Define Investment Objective: Then, investors must set up an investment
objective—whether to invest short-term or long-term. They should also be aware of
their risk appetite (level of risk they desire to take).
 Asset Allocation: Based on the objective, investors must allocate assets into
stocks, debentures, bonds, real estate, options, and commodities.
 Select Investment Products: After narrowing down on a particular asset class,
investors must further select a particular asset or security. Alternatively, this could be
a basket of assets that fit the requirements.
 Monitor and Due Diligence: Portfolio managers keep an eye on the
performance of each investment and monitor the returns. In case of poor
performance, they must take prompt action.

Factors Affecting Investment Decision

An investment is a planned decision, and some of the factors that are responsible for
these decisions are as follows:

 Investment Objective: The purpose behind an investment determines the

short-term or long-term fund allocation. It is the starting point of the decision-making
process.
 Return on Investment: Managers prioritize positive returns—they try to
employ limited funds in a profitable asset or security.

23
 Return Frequency: The number of periodic returns an investment offer is
crucial. Financial management is based on financial needs; investors choose
between investments that yield monthly, quarterly, semi-annual, or annual returns.
 Risk Involved: An investment may possess high, medium, or low risk, and the
risk appetite of every investor and company is different. Therefore, every investment
requires a risk analysis.
 Investment Objective: The purpose behind an investment determines the
short-term or long-term fund allocation. It is the starting point of the decision-making
process.
 Return on Investment: Managers prioritize positive returns—they try to
employ limited funds in a profitable asset or security.
 Return Frequency: The number of periodic returns an investment offer is
crucial. Financial management is based on financial needs; investors choose
between investments that yield monthly, quarterly, semi-annual, or annual returns.
 Risk Involved: An investment may possess high, medium, or low risk, and the
risk appetite of every investor and company is different. Therefore, every investment
requires a risk analysis.
 Maturity Period or Investment Tenure: Investments pay off when funds are
blocked for a certain period. Thus, investor decisions are influenced by the maturity
period and payback period.
 Tax Benefit: Tax liability associated with a particular asset or security is
another crucial deciding factor. Investors tend to avoid investment opportunities that
are taxed heavily.
 Safety: An asset or security offered by a company that adheres to regulatory
frameworks and has a transparent financial disclosure is considered safe.
Government-backed assets are considered the most secure.
 Volatility: Market fluctuations significantly affect investment returns and,
therefore, cannot be overlooked.
 Liquidity: Investors are often worried about their emergency funds—the
provision to withdraw money before maturity. Hence, investors look at the degree of
liquidity offered by a particular asset or security; they specifically consider withdrawal
restrictions and penalties.
 Inflation Rate: In financial management, investors look for investment
opportunities where returns surpass the nation’s inflation rate.

24
ZCScdza

Chapter-3
Scope,Objective,Limitations

25
 Scope of the study

• The study is an attempt to know the investment behavior of employees at o7

services company.
• The research was design to know the various factors that influence the
investment decisions.
• The area taken for this study is Jalandhar, (O7 services company).
• A period of 30 days was taken for completing this project.

26
 Objective of the study

The main objectives of the study are as follows:

 To know the investment behaviour of employees
 To examine the various factors that influence investment behaviour

27
.

This study is limited to

selected investment methods
only.
➢ This study is a time
problem and is only done in 1
month
This study is limited to
selected investment methods
only.
28
➢ This study is a time
problem and is only done in 1
month.

29
This study is limited to
selected investment methods
only.
➢ This study is a time
problem and is only done in 1
month
This study is limited to
selected investment methods
only.
➢ This study is a time
problem and is only done in 1
month

30
 Chapter-4
Research Methodology

31
4.1 Research methodology

Research methodology is a way of explaining how a researcher intends to carry out

their research. It's a logical, systematic plan to resolve a research problem. A
methodology details a researcher's approach to the research to ensure reliable, valid
results that address their aims and objectives. It encompasses what data they're
going to collect and where from, as well as how it's being collected and analyzed.

4.2 Research Design

Research design is the conceptual structure within which the research is conducted.
It is a blue print for the collection, management and analysis of the data. It refers to
the framework of market research methods and techniques that are chosen by a
researcher. The design that is chosen by the researchers allow them to utilise the
methods that are suitable for the study and to set up their studies successfully in the
future as well. The design of research can be either qualitative, quantitative, or
mixed. Under these research designs, researchers can choose between different
types of research methods; experimental studies, surveys, correlational studies,
or quasi-experimental review studies.
Research Design of the Study
Descriptive research design
Descriptive research aims to accurately and systematically describe a population,
situation or phenomenon. It can answer what, where, when and how questions, but
not why questions. A descriptive research design can use a wide variety of research
methods to investigate one or more variables.
The research design in the present study is descriptive in nature since it
describes the phenomena of investment behaviour among information technology
professionals in Jalandhar. Apart from this, the present study has its own objectives
and pre-determined methodology. It is purely descriptive in nature.

32
4.3Data collection Methods

Meaning of Data Collection

Data collection is the procedure of collecting, measuring and analyzing accurate
insights for research using standard validated techniques. A researcher can evaluate
their hypothesis on the basis of collected data. In most cases, data collection is the
primary and most important step for research, irrespective of the field of research.
The approach of data collection is different for different fields of study, depending on
the required information.
Methods of data collection

1. Primary Data: Data that has been generated by the researcher himself/herself,

surveys, interviews, experiments, specially designed for understanding and solving
the research problem at hand.
 In my project i have used the primary sources as follow:
 Questionnaire
 Personal observation
 Interaction with employees

2. Secondary Data: Using existing data generated by large government

Institutions, healthcare facilities etc. as part of organizational record keeping. The
data is then extracted from more varied data files. 

 Various sources of secondary data used in my project:

 Websites
 Reference books

33
4.4 Sampling
Population
A population is the entire group that you want to draw conclusions about. A sample is the
specific group that you will collect data from. The size of the sample is always less than the
total size of the population.
In my study the total population was approximately more than 130 employees.

Sample
A sample is a group of people, objects, or items that are taken from a larger population for
measurement. 

Sample size of my study is 60 employees.

Meaning of sampling
Sampling is the process of selecting a number of cases from all the cases in a
particular group or universe. Context: Sampling is the research strategy of collecting
data from a part of a population with a view to drawing inferences about the whole.
The “population” in this sense is often termed the “universe".

Sampling Design
The sample design provides information on the target and final sample sizes, strata
definitions and the sample selection methodology. Context: The usage is not uniform
as regards the precise meaning of this and similar terms such as "sample plan",
"survey design", "sampling plan" or "sampling design".
Sampling Design of my study is Convenience sampling. I have collect data
from those employees from where it is easy to collect.
Convenience sampling is defined as a method adopted by researchers where they
collect market research data from a conveniently available pool of respondents. It is
the most commonly used sampling technique as it’s incredibly prompt,
uncomplicated, and economical. In many cases, members are readily approachable
to be a part of the sa

34
 Procedures

I have follows the following steps for collecting data from samples:

 Step:1
Firstly I clarify that how many employees are working in the company. That are
more than 130 employees .
 Step:2
Then i make sampling frame that from how many employees it is possible to collect
data.
 Step:3
After that I choose Convenience sampling technique for the study.
 Step:4
Then I select sample size of 60 employees.
 Step:5
After that I start collecting data from the samples.

35
4.6 Statistical Tools & Techniques
Statistical analysis is a scientific tool that helps collect and analyze large amounts of
data to identify common patterns and trends to convert them into meaningful
information. In simple words, statistical analysis is a data analysis tool that helps
draw meaningful conclusions from raw and unstructured data.

 I have used the following techniques;

Mathematical techniques: Mathematical techniques are based on the

representation of the essential aspects of an actual system using
mathematical languages. Basically, a mathematical model needs to contain enough
details to answer the questions for a certain problem:

 Percentage method : Percentage formula is used to find the amount or share

of something in terms of 100. In its simplest form, percent means per hundred. To
express a number between zero and one, percentage formula is used. It is defined
as a number represented as a fraction of 100.
 Tools for Analysis of data

MS Excel: a software program created by Microsoft that uses spreadsheets to

organize numbers and data with formulas and functions. Excel analysis is ubiquitous
around the world and used by businesses of all sizes to perform financial analysis.
I have used it for making various charts and tables of the data .

36
Chapter-4
Data Analysis and
Interpretation

37
Data analysis and Interpretation

Meaning of data analysis

Data analysis is a process of inspecting, cleansing, transforming,
and modeling data with the goal of discovering useful information, informing
conclusions, and supporting decision-making. [1] Data analysis has multiple facets and
approaches, encompassing diverse techniques under a variety of names, and is
used in different business, science, and social science domains. [2] In today's business
world, data analysis plays a role in making decisions more scientific and helping
businesses operate more effectively.

Data interpretation
Data interpretation refers to the process of using diverse analytical methods to review
data and arrive at relevant conclusions. The interpretation of data helps researchers
to categorize, manipulate, and summarize the information in order to answer critical
questions.

The importance of data interpretation is evident and this is why it needs to be done
properly. Data is very likely to arrive from multiple sources and has a tendency to
enter the analysis process with haphazard ordering. Data analysis tends to be
extremely subjective. That is to say, the nature and goal of interpretation will vary
from business to business, likely correlating to the type of data being analyzed. While
there are several different types of processes that are implemented based on
individual data nature, the two broadest and most common categories are
“quantitative analysis” and “qualitative analysis”.

38
Q.1 Age of respondents
Table:1

Age No. of respondents Percentage

18-30 32 53.3%

31-45 22 36.7%
46
above 6 10%

Total 60 100

Figure-1

60.00%

50.00%

40.00%

Percentage
30.00%
53.30%

20.00%
36.70%

10.00%
10.00%
0.00%
18-30 31-45 46 above

Interpretation:
From the above data we can see that the highest number of respondents fall in the
age group of 18 to 30years it is 53.3%. Lowest no. of respondents is above 46 years’
age group that no. is 10%. And remaining of respondent age group are 36.7% of
respondents.

39
 Q.2 Gender of respondents:
Table:2
Gende
r No. of respondents Percentage

Male 33 55%
Femal
e 27 45%

Total 60 100%

Figure:2

60

50

40

30
55 Percentage

45
20

10

0
Male Female

Interpretation:
showing above chart for respondent of gender basis. There are 45% of female respondent
and 55% of male of respondents.

40
Q.3 Marital Status of respondents:
Table:3
Marital Percentag
Status No. of respondents e

Married 21 35%

Unmarried 39 65%

Total 60 100%

Figure:3

70

60

50

40

65 Percentage
30

20
35

10

0
Married Unmarried

Interpretation:

Above chart is showing marital status of respondents. We have to collect data from
the employees. There are 35% of married respondent and 65% of unmarried of
respondent.

41
Q.4 Qualification of respondents:
Table:4
No. of Percentag
Qualification
respondents e
Graduation 34 56.7%
Post Graduation 13 21.7%
Professional 5 8.3%
Others 8 13.3%
Total 60 100%

Figure: 4

60

50

40

30
56.7 Percentage

20

10 21.7
13.3
8.3
0
Graduation Post Graduation Professional Others

Interpretation:

Based on the analysis, it can be concluded that following qualification wise

respondents who have participated in this study. There are 56.7 %, 21.7%, 8.3%
and 13.3% are Graduation, Post Graduation, Professional and Others respectively.

42
Q.5 Net Income (Monthly) of repondents :
Table:5
No. of Percentag
Net Income
respondents e
Less than 25000 37 61.7%
25000-35000 12 20%
35000-45000 8 13.3%
45000 & Above 3 5%
Total 60 100%

Figure:5

Percentage
70

60

50

40 Percentage

30 61.7

20

10 20
13.3
5
0
Less than 25000 25000-35000 35000-45000 45000 & Above

Interpretation:

In above chart it shows that maximum person’s income is less than Rs.25000.
Only 20% of respondents come under the income level 25000-35000 and minimum
no o respondents has income level above then 45000 which is 5%. Other 13.3 % are
come under the income level 35000-45000.

43
Q.6 Percentage of investment of respondents:
Table:6
Investment Percentag
level No. of respondents e

Less than 10% 43 71.7%

11-20% 8 13.3%

21-30% 7 11.7%

Above 30% 2 3.3%

Total 60 100%

Figure: 6

80

70

60

50

40
Percentage
71.7
30

20

10
13.3 11.7
0 3.3
Less than 10% 11-20% 21-30% Above 30%

Interpretation:

In above chart it shows that maximum people invest their income percentage is less
than 10% that is 71.7%. And 13.3% investor are invest their income between 11-20%
,11.7% investors invest their income between 21-30% and remaining 3.3% investor
are invest their money above 300% of their income.

44
Q.7 Holding period of respondents:
Table:7
No. of
Holding period respondents Percentage

Less than 1 year 22 36.7%

1-2 years 19 31.7%

2-5 years 11 18.3%

Above 5 years 8 13.3%

Total 60 100%

Figure: 7
40
35
30
25
20 Percentage
36.7
15 31.7
10 18.3
13.3
5
0
Less than 1 year 1-2 years 2-5 years Above 5 years

Interpretation:
Here highest investors are invests their money for less than 1 years which is 36.7%.
31.7% investors are invest their money for 1-2 years and 18.3% for 2-5 years each
which called as a short term investor. And remaining 13.3% investosr are invest more
than 5 years it is called long term investors.

45
Q.8 Consultant for investment:
Table:8

No. of Percenta
consultant respondents ge
Own Analysis 36 60
Family and Relative 12 20
Financial Advisor 8 13.33
Others 4 6.67
Total 60 100

Figure:8

70

60

50

40

Percentage
30 60

20

10 20
13.33
6.67
0
Own Analysis Family and Relative Financial Advisor Others

Interpretation:
It shows that maximum people take their investment decision at their own that are
60%respondents . 20% respondents consult their family and relatives while taking
investment decision. 13.33% of respondents consult financial advisor for taking
investment decision. Remaining 6.67% respondents consult other advisors for
talking decision regarding investment.

46
Q.9 financial instrument:
Table:9
No. of
respondent Percent
Financial instrument s age
Stock Market 24 40%
Fixed Deposit 16 26.7%
Mutual Fund 11 18.33%
Bonds 0 0
Real Estate 0 0
Gold/Silver 2 3.3%
PF 0 0
Crypto currency 4 6.67%
Others 3 5%
Total 60 100%

Figure:9

45
40
35
30
25
20 40
15 26.7 Percentage
10 18.33
5 6.67
3.3 5
0 0 0 0
ke
t it d s te r PF y rs
ar os un nd ta lve nc he
p F o s Si rr e t
kM De al B
al
E
l d/ cu O
d tu
t oc xe u Re Go pto
S Fi M
Cr
y

Interpretation:
Above data shows that maximum people invest in stock market which are40%of
respondents. No one is investing in PF, Real estate or Bonds.18.33%people are
invest in mutual funds and26.7% are investing in FD, 6.67% in Crypto currency.
Minimum noof respondents are invest in Gold or silver. 5% respondents are invest
their money in unknown avenue.

47
Q.10 Portfolio suit for respondent:
Table:10
No. of
Portfolio respondents Percentage
High Risk-High
Return 13 21.7
Moderate Risk-
Moderate Return 35 58.3
Low Risk-Low
Return 12 20
Total 60 100

Figure: 10

70

60

50

40

Percentage
30 58.3

20

10 21.7 20

0
High Risk-High Return Moderate Risk-Moderate Return Low Risk-Low Return

Interpretation:

In above chart we can see that the highest number of investor are choosing
moderate risk moderate return those are 58.3% of investor which is take calculative
risk.21.7%investor are in category of high risk- high return which is called risk taker
and reaming 20% investor are take low risk – low return which is called safe investor.

48
 Q.11 Investment Information:
Table:11
Strongl
Statemen y Disagre Neutra Strongl Agre Tota
t Disagre e l y agree e l
e
Statemen
0 0 10 47 3 60
t1
Statemen
0 6 15 34 5 60
t2
Statemen
0 0 55 3 2 60
t3
Statemen
0 0 30 5 60 60
t4

Figure:11

Chart Title
70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
Strongly Disagree Disagree Neutral Strongly agree Agree

Series1 Series2 Series3 Series4

Interpretation:
According to maximum respondents Investment Information from Internet is useful
while taking investment decision and it is Easy to invest through mobile. We need an
expert advice from Financial Planner in some decisions and we need to Getting daily
update of your investment growth.

49
 12. Risk & Return

statement Disagree Agree Total

Statement 34 26 60

statement 2 23 37 60

statement 3 14 46 60
statement 4 10 50 60

Chart Title
60
50
50 46

40 37
34
30 26
23
20
14
10
10

0
Statement 1 statement 2 statement 3 statement 4

Disagree Agree

Figure:12

Interpretation:
From above data we can see that, minimum respondents are getting good return
from current investment. Diversified portfolio can reduces the risk at maximum extent
and investors can select investment opportunities where they can get more return if
they are riskier.

50
Q.13 Safety & Security

Table:13

Stateme Disagre Tot

nt Agree e al
Statemen
t1 41 19 60
Statemen
t2 39 21 60
Statemen
t3 36 23 60
Statemen
t4 45 15 60

Figure:13

Chart Title
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Statement 4

Agree Disagree

Interpretation:
According to maximum number of respondents it is very important to check a
Credibility of a company before initiating an investment and capital safety, should be
main priority. Sometimes in critical decisions we should consult financial advisor and
there should be chances of guaranteed return.

51
Q.14 Liquidity

Table no 14

statement agree Disagree Total

Statement 38 22 60

statement 2 40 20 60

statement 3 14 46 60

statement 4 10 50 60

Figure:14

Chart Title
60

50

40

30

20

10

0
Statement statement 2 statement 3 statement 4

agree Disagree

Interpretation:
From the above data we can see that, some types of investments are easy to convert
into cash when needed, while others are not. As maximum number of respondent
said that, we should avoid locking products while investing and there should be right
portfolio diversification for managing liquidity .According to maximum number of
respondents for the purpose of liquidity we can use online banking and credit cards.

52
Chapter:5
Findings &
Suggestions

53
5.1 Findings of the Study

 From the study most number of respondents are between 18-30 age that is
53.3%.

 On the basis of gender maximum are male that is 55%.

 Most of the respondents are unmarried which is 65%.

 Most of respondent’s qualification is graduation which is more than 50%.

 Maximum of respondent’s monthly income is less than Rs.25000and only 5%

respondents have monthly income is above Rs.45000.

 In the total no, of respondents 71.7% respondents invest less than 10% from
their income while only 7% respondents invest above 30% of their income.

 36.7% highest respondents investment holding period is less than 1 year only
13.3% lowest respondents investment holding period is above 5 year.

 Most of investors are consult their family members and relatives while taking
investment decisions.

 Most of investors are invest in equity stock market that is 40% more than 45%
also in mutual fund and FD and remaining in other avenues.

 Most respondents are choose the moderate risk-moderate return portfolio suits
the best which is 58.3%.

 Maximum no. of respondents agrees that Investment Information from Internet

is useful while taking investment decision and it’s easy to invest through mobile.

 It’s important to Getting daily update of your investment growth and for critical
analysis we should consult financial advisor.

 Diversifying the portfolio can reduce the risk of investors.

54
 Investors want more profits at minimum level of risk.

 It is necessary to check a Credibility of a company before initiating an

investment.

 According to maximum no. of respondents Capital safety is main priority while

investing.

 Specific types of investments are easy to convert into cash when needed
instead of all types of investment avenues.

 According to maximum no. of respondents we should avoid locking products

while investing.

 For the liquidity purpose investors can use online banking and credit cards.

55
5.2 Suggestions

 The first and foremost suggestion to maintain an investment climate is based

on their goals and types of Investment Avenues.

 Instead of making poor investment decisions and making small profits, it is

advisable that investors should enlist the help of financial planners.

 Now-a-days returns on various investments are based on market conditions.

So, of course it is good for investors to keep updating the new guidelines, changes
and terms and conditions.

 Not only do they need to know the investment options in which to invest, but
they also have to you know how to invest in them all. In this way they can make the
needed changes by keeping their portfolio profitable.

 Recommendations for investors who want to invest at high risk and balanced
risk to invest with direct shares and Mutual funds.

 Investors who invest in stocks, should be updated regularly so that, if a few

stocks are not performing well, then the necessary changes can be made.

 Instead of going for traditional investments they can choose new ways of
investing.

 Investors of Mutual fund should be patient in changing market conditions.

.
 Considering investing in key foundations is good but before this asset
management it is required for a small investor.

56
  5.3 Conclusion of the Study

From the study we can state that,Nature of all the investment avenues is different as
all are not liquid. Some of investments are easy to convert into cash when needed
but some are not. Like stocks are highly liquid but real estate is not. Investors can
use online banking and Credit cards for liquidity purpose.

For better return on investment, instead of making poor investment decisions

and making small profits, it is advisable that investors should enlist the help of
financial planners. Investors should keep updated with market conditions and new
updates regarding investment .They can diversified their portfolio for favourable
result.

So at last we can state that, the overall objective of investment is getting

high profits and investors prefer moderate risk and moderate return.
Investors do not prefer riskier investment avenues. Investors usually invest
for short period. We should take help of financial advisor for better results
and keep updated with market conditions and new updates and guidelines
regarding investment.

57
 Chapter-6
Bibliography

58
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 https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/career-development/how-to-write-a-
conclusion-for-a-research-paper

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Annexure

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 QUESTIONNAIRE

A study on Investment Behaviour of employees in O7 services Jalandhar

Dear Sir/Madam,
The information collected through this questionnaire will be used only for academic
purpose and kept confidential. Kindly extend your full Cooperation. Wherever needed
please tick the appropriate box.
(Put a tick mark in the appropriate column)
1. Age:
(a.) 18-30
(b.) 31-45
(c.) 46 Above

2. Gender:
(a.) Female
(b.) Male

3. Marital status
(a.) Married
(b.) Unmarried

4. Qualification
(a.) Graduation
(b.) Post Graduation
(c.) Professional
(d.) Others

5. Net Income (Monthly)

(a.) Less than 25000
(b.) 25000-35000
(c.) 35000-45000
(d.) 45000 & Above

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6. How much Percentage from your income do you invest?
(a.) Less than 10%
(b.) 11-20%
(c.) 21-30%
(d.) Above 30%

7. While making investment, what would be your Holding period?

(a.) Less than 1 year
(b.) 1-2 years
(c.) 2-5 years
(d.) Above 5 years

8. Whom do you consult while taking an investment Decision?

(a.) Own Analysis
(b.) Family and Relative
(c.) Financial Advisor
(d.) Others

9. In which financial instrument do you invest?

(a.) Stock Market
(b.) Fixed Deposit
(c.) Mutual Fund
(d.) Bonds
(e.) Real Estate
(f.) Gold/Silver
(g.) PF
(h.) Crypto currency
(i.) Others

10. Which of the following portfolio suits you the best?

(a.) High Risk-High Return
(b.) Moderate Risk-Moderate Return
(c.) Low Risk-Low Return

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 Kindly Give Your Response Regarding Investment Behaviour for Following
Parameters.

11. Investment Information

Strongly Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly

Statement disagree agree
Investment
Information from
Internet is useful
Easy to invest
through mobile
Getting daily update
of your investment
growth
Need an expert
advice from Financial
Planner

9 12 .Risk & Return

disagree agree
Statement
Getting good return from current
investment
Diversified portfolio reduces the risk

Prefer more conservative investment

Avenue where there is no more risk
Select investment opprtunies where I
get more return if they are risker

13. Safety & Security

disagree agree
Statement
Check a Credibility of a company before
initiating an investment
Chances of getting guaranteed return

Capital safety is main priority

Invest with the help of advisor

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 14. Liquidity

disagree agree
Statement
Investments are easy to convert into
cash when needed
Avoid locking products while investing

Right portfolio diversification for

managing liquidity
Using Online Banking and Credit
cards for liquidity purpose

identify factors that influence

investor

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