was Perro de Luna (“Moon Dog”), which is a

lithograph executed in heavily textured handmade

paper (2.3.21). Tamayo’s print pushed
the boundaries of printmaking beyond the
traditional flat surface to such an extent that the
print itself became a relief from which multiple
copies could be produced.
In the 1980s the digital age thrust art into
a new era with the introduction of computer
graphics and other technical innovations that
created new opportunities for artists. One of the
most notable innovations in print technology
was the inkjet printer. It allowed an electronic
image to be re-created on a paper surface, but
this model had serious weaknesses for use as
an art medium because the ink color was not
permanent and the paper size was limited.
In the early 1990s, however, high-resolution
commercial print devices overcame these
disadvantages. While working at the digital
printing company Nash Editions, the printmaker
Jack Duganne (b. 1942) introduced the term
giclée to identify and separate fine art print
methods that used permanent ink color from
their commercial counterparts. Duganne now
leads his own print shop, Duganne Atelier, where
he uses the giclée process to print the work of
such significant contemporary artists as Ilana
Raviv (b. 1945). Raviv, an Israeli artist, works
in a number of different media and has her
work reproduced for commercial distribution.
A reproduction of one of her paintings, Doll
with Toys (2.3.22) has been replicated using the