The present study evaluated the efficacy of Maxforce gel baits containing 0.

01%
fipronil (Maxforce), 0.05% fipronil (Maxforce Magnum), 1.0% clothianidin (Maxforce
Impact), and 0.6% indoxacarb (Avion gel bait; all from Bayer Environmental Science,
Clayton, CA, USA) against reference and wild strains (Mobasher, Andisheh, Tamin-e
Ejtemaei, and Maskoni) of German cockroach collected in 2016. Test design and bait
placement were according to World Health Organization (WHO) procedures for efficacy
achieving a 95% mortality rate. Although cockroaches fed on all gel baits, gel
baits containing clothianidin and indoxacarb were eaten at higher rates than gel
baits containing 0.01% and 0.05% fipronil. The cumulative mortality rates reached
100% for all cockroach strains at 32, 28, 28 and 40 h after eating baits containing
0.01% fipronil, 0.05% fipronil, clothianidin, and indoxacarb, respectively.
Efficacy (a 95% mortality rate) after exposure (consumption) of gel baits
containing 0.05% fipronil and clothianidin was seen after 28 h, compared with 32 h
for 0.01% fipronil and 40 h for indoxacarb. In conclusion, commercial gel baits
have improved and may be more effective than spray formulations against German
cockroaches.