The Indian

Colonial History
Quiz
QM: Anmol Dhawan
Armed Forces Medical College, Pune
ROUND ONE – LIST IT!
Fill in the blanks, from 1 – 10.
Colonial Name Indian Name
• 1. _________ • Kollam
• 2. _________ • Kannur
• Coorg • 3. _________
• 4. _________ • Thoothukudi
• 5. _________ • Udhagamandalam
• Tellicherry • 6. _________
• Cocanada • 7. _________
• Waltair • 8. _________
• 9. _________ • Khambat
• Trichinopoly • 10. _________
Kindly exchange your answer
sheets. 
ROUND TWO – INFINITE REBOUND
1
• John Zephaniah Holwell was a surgeon, an employee of the English
East India Company, and a temporary Governor of Bengal (1760). His
account of a particular 1758 incident obtained wide circulation in
England and some claim this gained support for the East India
Company's conquest of India.

• “The dungeon was a strongly barred room and was not intended for
the confinement of more than two or three men at a time. There
were only two windows, and a projecting veranda outside and thick
iron bars within impeded the ventilation, while fires raging in
different parts of the fort suggested an atmosphere of further
oppressiveness. The prisoners were packed so tightly that the door
was difficult to close.”

• What is he describing? AFMC connect.

Black Hole of Calcutta
2
• Born in Ratnagiri in 1669, X was the first notable chief of
the Maratha Navy. He fought against the
British, Dutch and Portuguese naval interests on the coasts of
India during the 18th century and, as a result, his European
enemies labeled him a pirate. Despite the attempts of the
British and Portuguese to subdue him, he remained
undefeated until his death.
• Today, his statue proudly stands in the Indian Naval Dockyard
in Mumbai. While the original fort built by him that
overlooked the Naval Docks has vanished, its boundary wall is
still intact and within it lays the Headquarters of Indian
Western Naval Command, the building of which is named
after him.
• ID X.
Kanhoji Angre
• The institution housing the headquarters of the Western Naval
Command is known as INS Angre.
3
• X was a writer born in Motihari, Bihar, and is unarguably one
of the most prolific writers of the English language in the 20th
century.

• ID X.
George Orwell
4
• Catherine Braganza
was a Portugese
princess, who was
married to King
Charles II of England in
1661.

• What was the

consequence of this
marriage that was to
change Indian history?
Transfer of Bombay from the hands
of the Portugese to the English
5
• X is a club in South Mumbai, home to the only 18-hole golf
course in the city.
• It was established by Lord __________, the Viceroy of India,
after he was denied entry into the Bombay Gumkhana and the
Royal Bombay Yacht Club because he was accompanied by an
Indian Maharaja, in spite of him being the Viceroy of India.
• Thus this was the first, and perhaps the only, club to allow
membership to Indians, before independence.

• ID X.
Royal Willingdon Sports Club
• A banquet was held there in 1954 to celebrate the
first Filmfare awards ceremony, and the event was attended
by actor Gregory Peck. One of the award winners, Bimal
Roy was not allowed entry into the club for the party as he
was dressed in a dhoti!
6
• ______ de Albuquerque (1453-1515) was a Portuguese
general, and a statesman, who served as the 2nd Viceroy of
Portugese India and the 1st Duke of Goa.
• He was also the first European to discover the sea route to
Thailand.
• However, he is most famous for having introduced grafting
techniques in farming, producing extraordinary varieties of
fruits and vegetables.

• How has his name been immortalised in India?

Alphonso Mangoes
(after Afonso de Alburquerque)
7
• What is this?
The page where Ronald Ross wrote
his research on the life cycle of the
malarial parasite.
8
• Coronation Park is a park located in North Delhi. It was on this
park that three massive events by the same name took place –
the first time in 1877, and then subsequently in 1903 and
1911.
• The event of 1911 was the largest celebration and had rulers
of all the princely statues in attendance.

• What was the collective name for the events am I talking

about?
Delhi Durbar
9
• The Savoy is a hotel in Mussoorie that was built by the British.
In 1911, one of the guests was found mysteriously dead, and
an autopsy revealed that she had been poisoned with prussic
acid, a cyanide-based poison. The murder was never solved
and her doctor was also found dead a few months later,
of strychnine poisoning.
• This came to the notice of veteran English writer living in India
X, who wrote to Y in England suggesting Y to write a story
about a “murder by suggestion”. Though Y never visited to
investigate, he mentioned the story to another writer Z, and
this story inspired Z’s novel “___ __________ ______ __
______”.

• ID X, Y, Z and the name of the novel.

X – Rudyard Kipling
Y – Sir Arthur Conan Doyle
Z – Agatha Christie

Novel: “The Mysterious Affair at Styles”

10
• Mary Ward was an English nun who founded the Institution of
the Blessed Virgin Mary, known more commonly by an
alternate name, in Northern France. This institution was taken
to Ireland, a Catholic country, by Teresa Ball in the 1800s to
counter the growing Protestant influence in English education
in the then-British-controlled Ireland.
• In the 1842, this institution came to Calcutta, India, from
where it spread across the country, with its presence in
Calcutta, Lucknow, Shimla and Darjeeling, among others.
Presently, it runs 17 branches in India, with the largest and
most prestigious one at Middleton Row, Kolkata.

• ID this institution.
The Sisters of Loreto, who set up
the Loreto Convent Schools in India.
11
• Connect the following places with respect to Indian colonial
history:

• Tharangambadi, Tamil Nadu

• Serampore, West Bengal
• Nicobar Islands
The only Danish settlements in
India
12
• A polar area diagram (pictured on next slide) is similar to a usual pie
chart, except sectors are equal angles and differ rather in how far
each sector extends from the center of the circle.
• It is used to plot cyclic phenomena (e.g., count of deaths by month),
for example, death counts in each month of the year, if showing a
seasonal pattern.
• It was devised in the 1850s by X who made a comprehensive
statistical study of sanitation in Indian rural life and was the leading
figure in the introduction of improved medical care and public
health service in India. X was also responsible for the establishment
of a Royal Commission into the Indian situation; and because of the
reforms carried out by the Royal Commission, X reported that,
“Mortality among the soldiers in India had declined from 69 to 18
per 1,000.”

• ID X.
Florence Nightingale
13
• St Francis Church in Fort
Kochi, originally built in
1503, is the oldest
European church
in India.

• What is the other claim

to fame of this church,
regarding something that
happened in 1524, and
the site of something for
fourteen years before it
shifted to Lisbon,
Portugal?
The site of Vasco da Gama’s
grave.
• Vasco da Gama died in
Cochin in 1524 when he
was on his third visit to
India. His body was
originally buried in this
church, but after fourteen
years his remains were
removed to Lisbon.
• The gravestone of Vasco da
Gama can still be seen
here.
• A cenotaph in memory of
the residents of Kochi who
fell in the World War I was
erected in 1920.
14
• X was an Anglo-Indian military adventurer in India, who
became known as Sikandar Sahib later in life, and most
known for two cavalry regiments he raised for the British, later
known as 1st X's Horse and 3rd X's Horse in 1803, which still
are a part of the Indian Army.
• His father was an Englishman and his mother a Rajput, which
led him to be not accepted by the British Army in India, so he
joined the Marathas and fought the British, before the
Marathas decided to get rid of all Anglo-Indian warriors, after
which he joined hands with the British.
• He is notable for constructing a church in Kashmere Gate,
Delhi, which is the oldest church in Delhi.

• ID X.
Col James Skinner
15
• Born Edith Ellen Gray in 1886 in Cambridge, she
fell in love with and married Jatindra Mohan
________, a young Bengali student at Cambridge
who eventually became a prosperous lawyer in
British India.

• She joined the Non-Cooperation Movement of

1921, and eventually was elected as the President
of the Indian National Congress in 1931, being
the third woman to hold this office.

• After independence, she chose to live in East

Pakistan, in her husband's hometown
of Chittagong on the request of Jawaharlal
Nehru who asked her to look after the interests of
the Hindu minority in East Pakistan.

• She was honoured with a Padma Bhushan in 1972

for her work in the Indian freedom struggle and
contribution to welfare of the Hindu minority in
Bangladesh.

• Lindsay Street in Calcutta has been renamed in

her honour.

• What is the name by which she is better known?

Nellie Sengupta
16
• Emily Eden, born in 1797, was an English poet and novelist
who gave witty pictures of English life in the early 19th
century, most famous for having written two very successful
novels, The Semi-Detached House (1859) and The Semi-
Attached Couple (1860), whose style critics have compared to
novels by Jane Austen, who was Emily’s favourite author.

• She was the sister of George Eden, 1st Earl of Auckland, who
served as the Governor General of India from 1835 to 1842 (as
Lord Auckland).

• What is her most famous contribution to India?

Eden Gardens, Calcutta
• The famous Eden Gardens of Calcutta, which ultimately
became a cricket stadium, were laid out by Emily Eden and her
sister Fanny.
17
• “_____ _____ Park” in Khan Market, New Delhi, designed by
the British archtiect Walter Sykes George was built in 1945
was New Delhi’s first apartment complex.

• It is named after the grandfather of a very famous Indian

writer X who lived in this apartment complex till his death last
year.

• Fill in the blanks and ID X.

Sujan Singh Park
X: Khushwant Singh
18
• William Hamilton was a surgeon in the British East India
Company. He was a part of the delegation that went
from Calcutta, the base of the company, to
meet Mughal emperor Farrukhsiyar in his court in Delhi in
1715. He was called to treat a swelling in the groin of the
emperor, which he treated successfully, and was subsequently
generously awarded for it.

• What was the more important consequence of this event in

Indian history?
The Emperor’s farman, allowing
British colonization in India
• In April 1717, the emperor’s farman (grant) was issued,
meeting all the requests that the Company had made in its
petitions.
• The Company was also granted trading privileges
in Bengal and further fortification of Calcutta.
• This grant was instrumental in the setting up of business and
the colonisation of Bengal, later to be followed by the rest
of India, by the East India Company.
• Later, this farman was used by Robert Clive as legal
justification for the Battle of Plassey.
The message on his grave at
St. John’s Church, Calcutta
Under this Stone lyes interred
the Body of
"William Hamilton, Surgeon,
Who departed this life 4 December
1717.
His memory ought to be dear to his
Nation for the credit he gain'd the
English
in curing Ferrukseer, the present
King of Indostan, of a
Malignant Distemper, by which he
made his own Name famous at the
Court of that Great Monarch;
and without doubt will perpetuate
his memory, as well in Great Britain
as all other Nations of Europe."
19
• Elihu ____ was a Welsh merchant who served the British East
India Company for 20 years and became the second governor
of Fort St. George, Madras, in 1687, and was instrumental in
the development of what is now the Rajiv Gandhi Govt
General Hospital in Chennai.

• In 1718, a representative of the Collegiate School of

Connecticut contacted him and asked for his help. Elihu sent
him 417 books, a portrait of King George, and nine bales of
goods, which were sold for £800 to finance a new building
which, in gratitude, was named after Elihu.

• What is his nomenclatural claim to fame?

Yale University, after Elihu Yale
• The new building was
named the Yale College,
after Elihu Yale, who had
otherwise nothing to do
with the institution.
Eventually Yale College
became Yale University.
A gentleman named
Jeremiah Dummer
donated a much larger
amount of money, but
the trustees of the
college didn’t want it to
be named “Dummer
College”.
20
• In 1690, the Maratha ruler Rajaram Chhattrapati decided to
auction off a small building on the Coromandel Coast (which
was renamed Fort St David and was at one point of time the
British headquarters of Southern India) to the highest
European bidder, where the English outpowered the French
and the Dutch.
• As part of the deal, a few villages, which came to be known as
“__________ Villages”, around the fort were also to be
transferred to English hands. One of these villages was
Cuddalore (now in Tamil Nadu).

• How was it decided which villages were to pass off to the

English? (Alternatively, fill in the blank.)
Cannonball Villages
• Legend has it that the
English purchased the fort
and the adjacent villages
with “ye randome shott of
a piece of ordnance”.

• A great cannon was fired

from the fort to different
points of the compass and
all the country within its
range passed into the
possession of the English.
The villages thus obtained
were called “cannonball
villages” or “Gundu
Gramam”.
ROUND THREE – MAP ROUND
 Connect the cities on the map.
Uttarakhand

New Zealand

Himachal Pradesh
Cities to be named after British
Governors-General of India

• Dalhousie, Himachal Pradesh

• Lansdowne, Uttarakhand
• Auckland, New Zealand
• Hastings, New Zealand
Round Four - Memorials
• The immense contribution of Indians in the First World War
saw the establishment of a lot of memorial across the world,
commemorating Indian soldiers who gave up their lives in
battle.

• Let’s see how many of them you can name!

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Now, for the answers…
1 – Teen Murti Memorial,
New Delhi
• Unveiled in 1924 by the
then Viceroy of India, Lord
Reading.
• The three statues
represent the Hyderabad,
Jodhpur and Mysore
lancers who were part of
the 15 Imperial Service
Cavalry Brigade during the
Great War and who were
later amalgamated into the
61st Cavalry of the Indian
Army after Independence,
which is today the only
functioning cavalry
regiment, in the world.
2 – Lascar War Memorial,
Kolkata
• Dedicated to the
memory of 896
Lascars (sailors from
the India), who died
fighting for
the British
Navy during World
War I.
3 – Gorkha Memorial,
London
• Unveiled by
Queen Elizabeth II in
1997. This was the first
memorial
to Gurkha soldiers in
the United Kingdom,
and was occasioned by
transfer of their
headquarters and
training centre
from Hong Kong to
London in 1997.
4 – Helles Memorial,
Gallipoli, Turkey
• The memorial serves the dual
function of being a
Commonwealth battle memorial
for the whole Gallipoli
Campaign and place of
commemoration for 20,885
Commonwealth servicemen who
died there and have no known
grave. The memorial takes the
form of an obelisk and is over 30
metres high.

• The British and Indian forces

named on the memorial died in
operations throughout the
peninsula, and the Australians at
Helles. There are also panels for
those who died or were buried at
sea in Gallipoli waters.
5 – Menin Gate, Ypres, Belgium
• Following the Menin Gate Memorial
opening in 1927, the citizens of Ypres
wanted to express their gratitude
towards those who had given their
lives for Belgium's freedom. Hence
every evening at 20:00, buglers from
the local fire brigade close the road
which passes under the memorial
and sound the "Last Post". Except for
the occupation by
the Germans in World War II when
the daily ceremony was conducted
in Surrey, England, this ceremony has
been carried on uninterrupted since 2
July 1928.

• On the evening that Polish forces

liberated Ypres in the Second World
War, the ceremony was resumed at
the Menin Gate despite the fact that
heavy fighting was still taking place in
other parts of the town.
6 – Neuve Chapelle, France
• The memorial, designed by Sir Herbert
Baker (who also designed the
Rashtrapati Bhawan) is a circular
enclosure centred on a tall pillar that is
topped by a lotus capital, and carved
representations of the Star of India and
the Imperial Crown.
• Other architectural and sculptural
features of the memorial include carved
stone tigers, and two small
domed chattris.
• At the foot of the pillar is a Stone of
Remembrance inscribed with the words:
"Their name liveth for evermore.“
• The main inscription is in both English
and French, while the column also bears
an inscription in
English, Arabic, Hindi and Punjabi: "God
is One, His is the Victory".
7 – Kirkee War Memorial,
Khadki
• This memorial is
dedicated to Indian
soldiers of both the
First and the Second
World War.
ROUND FIVE – INFINITE REBOUND
1
• The Treaty of Lahore of 1846, was a peace treaty marking the
end of the First Anglo-Sikh War. It was concluded by the
Governor-General Sir Henry Hardinge and the seven-year-
old Maharaja Duleep Singh Bahadur.

• Perhaps the most salient term of this treaty was that X, after
having been annexed from Shah Shuja-ul-Mulk of
Afghanistan, now exchanged hands from the Maharaja of
Lahore to the Queen of England.

• ID X.
The Kohinoor Diamond
2
• Samuel Pepys Cockerell was a surveyor for the British East
India Company, in spite of which he never travelled to India,
but was greatly influenced by Mughal architecture through
paintings by artists such as Thomas Daniell.
• X is a building in England, designed by Cockerell in 1787 for
George IV when he was Prince of Wales as his retreat, but was
transformed into a military hospital during WW1, catering to
wounded soldiers of the Indian Army.
• It also houses a Chhatri, a memorial for the Indian soldiers
who fought for the British during WW1.

• ID X.
The Royal Pavilion, Brighton
3
• The ________ Jews are a community of Sephardic Jews settled among the
larger Cochin Jewish community.

• They were originally immigrants from Sepharad (Spain and Portugal) during the 15th
and 16th centuries who fled conversion or persecution in the wake of the Alhambra
Decree expelling Jews from Spain. They are sometimes referred to as White Jews, in
contrast to the local Malabar Jews (also known as Black Jews due to their dark skin
colour).

• Their original language was called Ladino, but they soon adopted a language
called Judeo-Malayalam.

• Their only place of worship is the ________ Synagogue, which happens to be the
oldest continuously functioning synagogue anywhere in the British Commonwealth.

• Sadly, most of these people emigrated to Israel in 1948, with the remaining refusing
to inter-marry with the Malabari Jews. As of 2014, only 7 people remain in Kochi,
including a ticket-seller at the synagogue, who is the only woman of child-bearing age.

• ID this “foreign” community.

The Paradesi Jews
4
• Joseph Baptista was an
activist from Bombay, closely
associated with the Lokmanya
Tilak and the Home Rule
Movement.
• He was elected as the Mayor
of Bombay in 1925.
• He belonged to the East
Indian ethnic community, who
were converted to Roman
Catholicism during
Portuguese rule between the
16th and 18th centuries.

• What was his particular

literary contribution to the
Indian freedom struggle?
He is said to have coined the
slogan,

“Swaraj is my birthright, and I

shall have it.”
5
• “________’s _____” is a present-generation term that refers
to an Indian who believes in the superiority of British culture
and education over traditional Indian culture and education.

• The name comes from Thomas Babington ________, known

for bringing English education to India.
Macaulay’s Child
• After Thomas Babington MacAulay.
6
• A Pantua is a traditional Bengali sweet made of deep-fried
balls
of semolina, chhana, milk, ghee and sugar syrup. Pantuas rang
e in colour from pale brown to nearly black depending on how
long they are fried.

• The confectioner Bhim Nag produced pantuas under a

different name X, when he specially prepared these on the
occasion of Y’s birthday.

• ID X and Y.
X – Ledikeni
Y – Lady Canning
7
• What was it the first-of-its-kind thing in the world that took
place in India in February 1911, lasting 27 mins, led by Henri
Pequet?
The world’s first official airmail
 8
• _______ ______ was a Maratha ruler from Gwalior.

• He was instrumental in resurrecting Maratha power in

North India after the Third Battle of Panipat in 1761.
During his reign, Gwalior became the leading state in
the Maratha Empire and one of the foremost military
powers in India. After accompanying Shah Alam II in
1771 to Delhi, he restored the Mughals in Delhi,
under the suzerainty of Marathas.

• His role during the First Anglo-Maratha War was

greatest from the Maratha side since he humbled the
British in Central India, single handedly, resulting in
the Treaty of Salbai in 1782, where he mediated
between the Peshwa and the British.

• A memorial dedicated to him is located in Wanowrie

(right next door to AFMC) that marks the spot of his
cremation in 1794.
Mahadji Shinde
9
• The Battle of ______ was the fought in 1944 in the Second
World War, where British and Indian soldiers fought together.

• The battle is often referred to as the “Stalingrad of the East”.

• In 2013, the British National Army Museum voted this to be

“Britain's Greatest Battle”.
Battle of Kohima
• It was the turning point of the Japanese U Go offensive into India
and was fought in three stages from 4 April to 22 June 1944 around
the town of Kohima, Nagaland.

• From 3 to 16 April, the Japanese attempted to capture Kohima ridge,

a feature which dominated the road by which the besieged British
and Indian troops of IV Corps at Imphal were supplied. By mid-April,
the small British force at Kohima was relieved. From 18 April to 13
May, British and Indian reinforcements counter-attacked to drive the
Japanese from the positions they had captured. The Japanese
abandoned the ridge at this point but continued to block the
Kohima–Imphal road. From 16 May to 22 June, the British and Indian
troops pursued the retreating Japanese and reopened the road. The
battle ended on 22 June when British and Indian troops from
Kohima and Imphal met at Milestone 109, ending the Siege of
Imphal.
10
• William Jones was a philologist (someone who studies
languages) born in London in 1746. His father (also
named William Jones) was a Welsh mathematician, noted for
devising the use of the symbol π.
• Jones was a hyperglot, being fluent in 41 languages, and wrote
journals in many of them. He wrote in Farsi under the
pseudonym “Yunus Uksfardi,” meaning “Jones of Oxford”.
• He is buried in Calcutta, where he founded the Asiatic Society
of Bengal.

• What was his theory which became his biggest contribution to

the world of language?
That Indian and
European languages
had a common
ancestry, thereby
labelling them as
“Indo-European
Languages,” and their
precursors as “Proto-
Indo-European
Languages”.
11
• Arthur Travers Crawford (1835-1911) was the first Municipal
Commissioner and collector of Bombay. He was famous as an
able administrator as well as for his allegedly, underhand
financial dealings.
• Crawford Market in South Mumbai, was named after him.
The friezes on the outside entrance of the building depicting
Indian farmers, and the stone fountains inside, were designed
by Lockwood Kipling, father of novelist Rudyard Kipling.

• In 1882, Crawford Market became the first building to achieve

a particular status in India. What?
1 building to be lit up with
st

electricity in India
12
• Castella de Aguada is a fort
in Bandra, Mumbai, built by
the Portugese in 1640,
before ceding Bombay to
the English.
• In 1830, the British donated
large parts of Salsette Island,
including the fort to X,
a Parsi philanthropist who
then established his
residence on the hill where
the fort is located, and the
cape was renamed ‘X Point’.

• ID X.
Byramjee Jeejeebhoy
13
• Identify the man on
this legendary poster,
inspiring many Brits
to join the army.
• He is also responsible
for carrying out
reforms of the largest
scale in the British
Indian Army, in 1902.
Lord Kitchener
14
• This is a panorama of the Royal Crescent at Bath, England.
What did this building inspire in Indian colonial architecture?
Architecture of Connaught
Place, New Delhi
15
• The House of X is a European dynasty originating as a branch
of the German princely Y family. The name X was adopted
during World War I by the family, then known as Y, residing in
Britain because of rising anti-German sentiment among the
British public. The name X is an Anglicisation of the German Y,
a small town in Hesse.

• ID X and Y.
X: Mountbatten
Y: Battenberg (where “berg” means
“mountain”)
16
• X is a department of the Government of India, which was the
first of its kind in the world.

• It was set up in 1887 by Maj Gen Sir Charles MacGregor who

was getting increasingly anxious about Russian troop
developments in Afghanistan, fearing a Russian invasion of
British India through the Northwest during the late 19th
century.

• ID X.
Intelligence Bureau
17
• The Second Afghan War was fought from 1878 to 1880, and resulted
in British victory, largely due to their army of 40,000 men, mostly
consisting of Indian sepoys.

• The Battle of Maiwand in 1880 was one of the principal battles of

the war. It was in this battle that Surgeon-Major Alexander Francis
Preston, the RMO of the 66th Berkshire Regiment, was wounded by a
bullet, and subsequently sent back to England.

• On reaching England, he met another doctor X, who was inspired by

his story and decided to pay him a tribute in his own style, in the
creation of Y.

• ID X and Y, both proper nouns.

X: Sir Arthur Conan Doyle
Y: Dr John Watson
• The character of Dr Watson, Sherlock Holmes’s sidekick, is said
to have been inspired from Preston.
18
• The Fourth Anglo-Mysore War broke out in 1798 against the Sultan
of Mysore, Tipu Sultan.

• Lord Mornington, the Governor-General of India, ordered that an army be

sent to capture Seringapatnam and defeat Tipu. This effort saw the
participation of Arthur Wellesley, the Duke of Wellington.

• The war resulted in the death of Tipu Sultan. On hearing this news,
Wellesley was the first at the scene to confirm his death, checking his pulse.

• He also played an instrumental role in the Fourth Anglo-Maratha War, as a

consequence of which the British were able to extend their control upto the
river Godavari.

• However, neither of these is his most famous battle. Which battle was it that
made Arthur Wellesley famous and gave him the nickname “The Iron Duke”
and lent the capital of New Zealand to be named “Wellington” after him?
The Battle of Waterloo
19
• In 1846, two British lieutenants Lumsden and Hodson were given the
task to begin the process of raising the Corps of Guides for frontier
service from British Indian recruits at Peshawar.
• A tactic used by the Afghan tribals in war inspired Lumsden and Hodson
to introduce _____ ________ for the local recruits, which were were
used by British troops for the first time during the Abyssinian
(Ethiopian) campaign of 1867–68, under Sir Robert Napier.
Subsequently, it was adopted by the British Army for their colonial
campaigns.
• During the Second Boer War, the British forces became known as
_____s because of this. The US Army adopted also _____ ________
during the Spanish American War of 1898. The Navy and the Marines
followed suit.

• FITB to answer what it was that Lumsden and Hodson introduced to

their army, still seen EXTENSIVELY in India and in a number of other
countries as well.
Khaki Uniforms
• This was inspired by Afghan
tribals, who wore dresses of
this colour to camouflage
themselves from the local
dust.

• Worn by Indian policemen till

date.

• William Hodson was also the

guy who later gained
fame/infamy for executing
three sons of Bahadur Shah
Zafar on a gate near the Feroz
Shah Kotla, which has since
then come to be known as
‘Khooni Darwaza’.
20
• We all know General Reginald Dyer as the villain of the Jallianwala
Bagh incident, but not many of us would be familiar with his father
Edward Dyer, whom we AFMCites owe a lot to.

• He set up a business in Kasauli in 1855, which was the first of its

kind in India, and soon opened more such businesses at Solan,
Shimla, Murree, Rawalpindi and Mandalay. He met another British
entrepreneur, who bought some of his assets and expanded his
company. Following World War I, they jointly ran the company
together.

• In 1949, an Indian businessman took over the company, and came

out with their flagship product in 1954.

• ID the flagship product.

Old Monk Rum
Hope you had fun! 