ACTIVITY ON HEALTH ASSESSMENT – INTEGUMENTARY AND BASIC TERMINOLOGIES 

NAME: RHUBY P. ABENOJA SCORE: _____________

GENERAL ASSESSMENT
MATCHING TYPE: Match the description in Column A to the terms in Column B. Write your answer using Capital
Letters only beside the number.
A B
A 1. An indication of impaired venous circulation/ cardiac dysfunction A. Shock
F 2. A sign of liver impairment / bile obstruction B. Arteriosclerosis
J 3. A bluish discoloration indicating cardiopulmonary problem C. Edema
G 4. A bluish discoloration indicting problem with vasoconstriction D. Infection
K 5. Result of inadequate circulating blood or hemoglobin E. Hypothyroidism
E 6. A sign of generalized hypothermia F. Jaundice
I 7. A sign of localized hyperthermia G. Peripheral cyanosis
D 8. A sign of an inflammatory process H. Hirsutism
C 9. A sign of poor circulation I. Erythema
L 10. Characterized with brittle hair J. Central cyanosis
K. Pallor
L. Sparse Hair
M. Hyperthyroidism

REVIEW OF SYSTEMS
I. SKIN, HAIR AND NAILS
1. What normal variations in color may be noted on a dark-skinned patient?
- In dark-skinned patients, look for color changes in the conjunctiva or oral mucosa. They should be pink and
moist. Skin color changes may not be apparent in nail beds, palms of the hands, and other exposed areas.

2. What is the difference between primary and secondary lesion? 

- Primary lesions are those that appear initially in response to some change in the internal or external
environment of the skin while secondary lesion does not appear initially but result from modifications such as
trauma, chronicity or infection of the primary lesion.

    Identify each of these skin lesions as primary (P) or secondary (S).

P Tumor P Papule P Cyst
    S Keloid S Fissure S Lichenification
    S Erosion                   S Ulcer P Pustule
    P Vesicle S Crust S Scar

Categorized the following lesions into either primary or secondary. Write your answer using CAPITAL letters
only beside the number. 
               A        B
A 1.  Tumor A. Primary
A 2. Vesicle B. Secondary
B 3. Keloid
A 4. Papule
B 5. Ulcer
A 6. Wheal
A 7. Petechiae
B 8. Excoriation
B 9. Scar
B 10. Erosion

Match the definition in Column A with the correct term in Column B. Write your answers in CAPITAL letters
beside the number
                A   B
   F Localized edema in the epidermis with irregular elevation A. Vesicle
   D Fibrous tissue that replaces dermal tissue after injury B. Tumor
   B Solid and elevated, deeper than a papule, over 2 cm C. Freckle
   H Vesicles or bullae filled with pus, less than 0.5 cm diameter D. Scar
   A Elevated mass containing serous fluid, less than 0.5 cm E. Excoriation
   C Localized change I skin color, less than 1 cm diameter F. Wheal
   E Loss of epidermal layers, exposing the dermis G. Cyst
   G Encapsulated fluid-filled or semi-solid mass in subcutaneous tissue or dermis H. Pustule

Draw the following configuration of lesion (AT THE SEPARATE PAGE)

a. linear
b. zosteriform
c. arciform
d. clustered

3. If a lesion is present, what observations should be included in your description?

- If a lesion is present, note and describe for its type, color, shape, size, location, distribution, configuration and
its pattern/arrangement.

4. How do you determine if edema is present? Enumerate and describe the grading scale for edema.
- In determining if there is a presence of edema, gently compress the patient’s soft tissue with your thumb over
both shins for a few minutes. Observe for indentation.
Note: For bed- ridden patients, examine for edema over the sacral and coccygeal areas.

Grading Scale
Grade 0: No clinical edema
Grade 1: Slight pitting (2 mm depth) with no visible distortion that rebounds immediately.
Grade 2: Somewhat deeper pit (4 mm) with no readily detectable distortion that rebounds in fewer than 15
seconds.
Grade 3: Noticeably deep pit (6 mm) with the dependent extremity full and swollen that takes up to 30
seconds to rebound.
Grade 4: Very deep pit (8 mm) with the dependent extremity grossly distorted that takes more than 30
seconds to rebound.

5. How does cyanosis appear in light-skinned and dark-skinned patients?

- In light-skinned patients, cyanosis presents as a dark bluish tint to the skin and mucous membranes (which
reflects the bluish tint of unoxygenated hemoglobin). In the dark-skinned patients, cyanosis may present as
gray or whitish (not bluish) skin around the mouth, and the conjunctiva may appear gray or bluish.

6. What is skin turgor? What does a poor skin turgor imply or means? Where do you usually assess skin turgor in
children? In an adult?
Skin Turgor is the skin’s elasticity. It is the ability of the skin to change shape and return to normal.
Poor skin turgor is a sign of dehydration.
In children, we assess skin turgor on the abdomen while in an adult, we assess it on the lower arm.

7. How do you perform Blanch Test or Capillary Refill Test? What should be the normal result? What does it
imply when the result is abnormal?
- In performing Blanch Test, inspect the fingernails and toenails noting the color of the nails. Check the
capillary refill by depressing the nail until blanching occurs. Perform a capillary refill check on all four
extremities. Assess the fingernails and toenails for shape, configuration and consistency. View the profile of
the middle finger and evaluate the angle of the nail base. Palpate the nail base between your thumb and index
finger and note the consistency.
- Normal findings: If there is good blood flow to the nail bed, a pink color should return in less than 2-3 seconds
after pressure is removed. Nails have a pink cast in light-skinned individuals and are brown in dark skinned
individual. Also, the nails should be firm upon palpation.
- Abnormal results mean that a person is suffering from dehydration, shock, hypothermia, low blood pressure,
and Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD).

8. What is Schamroth’s Sign? What does it imply?

Schamroth’s sign –It is a means of qualitatively assessing digital clubbing. It is observed when the normally
appearing diamond-shaped window that is formed by placing the dorsal surfaces of opposite terminal
phalanges together disappears. Positive schamroth’s sign may indicate neoplastic pulmonary disease.

 
VI. MATCHING TYPE: Match the terms in column A to its description in column B. Write your answer before the
number using capital letters only. Non-following of instruction render your answer wrong.
INTEGUMENTARY
A B
I 1. Lumps A. Open skin infection
C 2. Hirsutism B. Widened hair follicle
H 3. Acne C. Excessive growth of hair
N 4. Pustule D. Patchy baldness
O 5. Normal shape of nails E. Irritating cutaneous sensation
D 6. Alopecia areata F. Skin elevation that is non-suppurative
M 7. Hyperhidrosis G. Baldness of the entire head
E 8. Pruritus H. Inflammatory disorder involving the sebaceous glands of the skin
L 9. Ecchymosis I. Abnormal protuberance or localized enlargement of the skin
F 10. Sores J. Concave
K. Intense itching sensation
L. Purple or black and blue area resulting from a bruise
M. Excessive sweating
N. Elevation of skin containing pus
O. Convex

  EYES/ EARS
I 1. Photophobia A. Farsightedness
N 2. Blind spots B. Opacity “clouding” of the lens
J 3. Night Blindness C. Degree of detail the eye can discern an image
C 4. Visual Acuity D. Pain in the eye resulting from exposure to bright lights
E 5. Myopia E. Nearsightedness
A 6. Presbyopia F. Fear of sounds
H 7. Glaucoma G. A symptom of an ear infection characterized by ringing
B 8. Cataract H. Loss of inability to see close objects which usually occurs at age 45 above
G 9. Tinnitus I. Insensitivity to light
M 10. Vertigo J. Inability to see clearly in dim light due to vitamin A deficiency
 K. A circle of light
L. Single object appears as 2 
M. Dizziness commonly assessed in inner ear problems
N. An eye disease cause by optic nerve damage characterized by blindness
O. Experience of seeing lights at short periods

NOSE/ MOUTH
O 1. Epistaxis A. Sinus Pain
C 2. Anosmia B. Painful, darkened area of teeth
D 3. Nasal Stuffiness C. Loss of smell
J 4. Rhinorrhea D. Obstruction or stoppage of air in the nose
I 5. Polyps E. Post nasal drip
B 6. Dental Carries F. Inflammation of the oral mucosa
H 7. Glossitis G. Foul smelling breath
K 8. Gingivitis H. Inflammation of the tongue
G 9. Halitosis I. Abnormal growth on the surface of a mucous membrane
F 10. Stomatitis J. Excessive nasal secretion 
K. Bleeding, swollen gums
L. Localized collection of pus in a tooth
M. Gustation
N. Difficulty of chewing
O. Nose bleeding

OTHER SYSTEMS:
Column A Column B
E 1. Lymphadenopathy A. Cessation of menses
P 2. Dysphagia B. Blood in the urine
D 3. Hemoptysis C. Yellow staining of the skin and sclera
F 4. Melena D. Blood-tinged sputum
O 5. Hematemesis E. Swollen, tender lymph nodes
N 6. Heartburn F. Stool stained black by blood pigment
C 7. Jaundice G. Bleeding at irregular intervals
Q 8. Hematochezia H. Excessive uterine bleeding
B 9. Hematuria I. Involuntary urination
K 10. Dysuria J. Production of large volume of urine
R 11. Nocturia K. Painful urination
J 12. Polyuria L. Number of pregnancy which has reached the age of viability
I 13. Incontinence M. Number of pregnancy regardless of its outcome
S 14. Dysmenorrhea N. Pyrosis
T 15. Menarche O. Bloody vomit/ous
A 16. Menopause P. Difficulty swallowing
H 17. Menorrhagia Q. Blood covers the stool
G18. Metrorrhagia R. Excessive urination at night
M 19. Gravida S. Painful menstruation
L 20. Para T. First menstruation

References: Fundamentals of Nursing by Kozier and Erbs, Medical Surgical Nursing Books by Ignatavicius and
Workman or Smeltzer and Bare