MANILA: Room 206, JPD Building CM Recto Avenue, Manila

CEBU: 4/F J. Martinez Bldg., Osmeña Blvd., Cebu City

Telephone Number: (02) 516 7559 (Manila) E-Mail: buksmarquez1 @yahoo.com
(032) 254 9967 (Cebu)

Refresher MODULE - GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING and HYDRAULICS

Stress Caused by a Point Load 3. A line load and a point load acting on the surface as shown.
𝟑𝐏 𝐳 𝟑 Determine the increase in vertical stress at point A (∆p) in KPa.
𝛔𝐳 =
𝟐𝛑 𝐋𝟓
𝐏 𝟑𝐱𝟐 𝐳 𝐱𝟐 − 𝐲𝟐 𝐲𝟐 𝐳
𝛔𝐱 = { − (𝟏 − 𝟐µ) [ + ]}
𝟐𝛑 𝐋𝟓 𝐋𝐫 𝟐 (𝐋 + 𝐙) 𝐋𝟑 𝐫𝟐

𝐏 𝟑𝐲𝟐 𝐳 𝐲𝟐 − 𝐱𝟐 𝐱𝟐 𝐳
𝛔𝐲 = { − (𝟏 − 𝟐µ) [ + 𝟑 ]}
𝟐𝛑 𝐋𝟓 𝐋𝐫 𝟐 (𝐋 + 𝐙) 𝐋 𝐫𝟐

1. Refer to Figure below. Point loads of magnitude 200 KN, 350

KN, 500 KN, and 600 KN act at A, D, F, and G respectively.
Determine the vertical stress increase 8 m below point B and D.

A. 45.47 B. 52.36 C. 47.41 D. 54.73

Situation – according the elastic theory, the vertical stress

induced by a flexible line load of infinite length that has an
intensity of q units / length on the surface of a semi-infinite soil
mass can be estimated by the expression
P = 0.637 q/N where N = z[1 + (r/z)2]2
A. 1.22 KPa & 3.98 KPa C. 1.46 KPa & 3.03 KPa r = horizontal distance from the line of the load
B. 1.22 KPa & 3.03 KPa D. 1.46 KPa & 3.98 KPa z = depth of interest at which stress is induced

A masonry wall weighing 6kN per lineal meter is carried by a wall

footing 0.60m wide.
Vertical Stress Caused by a Vertical Line Load
𝟐𝐪𝐳𝟑 4. Evaluate the bearing pressure in kPa, exerted by the footing
𝛔𝐳 = 𝐏 = 𝟐 onto the supporting soil.
𝛑(𝐱𝟐 + 𝐳𝟐 ) A. 16 B. 10 C. 14 D. 12

2. From the figure shown. Determine the increase in vertical 5. Evaluate the stress in kPa in the soil caused by the load at a
stress at point A in KPa. depth equal to twice the width of the footing but directly below the
masonry wall.
A. 5.31 B. 4.43 C. 7.25 D. 6.47

6. Evaluate the stress at a depth of 2m and a horizontal distance

of 3m from the line of the load.
A. 0.432 B. 0.668 C. 0.531 D. 0.302

7. A uniformly distribute line load of 500 kN/m is acting on the

ground surface. Based on Boussinesq's theory the ratio of
vertical stress at a depth 2 m to that at 4 m, right below the line of
loading is.
A. 2.00 B. 0.25 C. 0.50 D. 4.00

8. The vertical stress at point P1 due to the point load Q on the

ground surface as shown in figure is σ2. According to
Boussinesq’s equation, the vertical stress at point P2 shown in
figure will be.
A. 13.09 KPa C. 14.46 KPa
B. 12.20 KPa D. 15.89 KPa
 MANILA: Room 206, JPD Building CM Recto Avenue, Manila
CEBU: 4/F J. Martinez Bldg., Osmeña Blvd., Cebu City
Telephone Number: (02) 516 7559 (Manila) E-Mail: buksmarquez1 @yahoo.com
(032) 254 9967 (Cebu)

Refresher MODULE - GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING and HYDRAULICS

A. σ2/2 B. σ2/4 C. 2 σ2 D. 4 σ2

9. Determine the resultant force that water exerts on the

overhang sea wall along ABC. The wall is 2 m wide.

A. 152 KN C. 184 KN
B. 167 KN D. 196 KN

10. From the figure shown, determine the flow in the open
channel in cubic meter per second if the coefficient of discharge
is 0.80.

A. 9.24 B. 9.67 C. 9.55 D. 12.25