T H 492 Rulers of England and Britain Since 1066 Top Cards Game - Ver - 8

Name: William I Name: William II
Nickname: The Conqueror Nickname: Rufus
House: The Normans House: The Normans
Ruled: 1066-1087 (21 years) Ruled: 1087-1100 (13 years)
Age at Start of Rule: 58 Age at Start of Rule: 31
Number of Children: 9 Number of Children: 0
Top Fact: Defeated Harold Top Fact: Killed by being shot in

Godwinson (Harold II) the back while hunting
at the Battle of Hastings. - possibly on the orders of his
younger brother Henry, who then
seized the throne.
twinkl.com twinkl.com
Name: Henry I Name: Stephen

Beauclerc
Nickname: Nickname: Stephen of Blois
(‘Good Scholar’)
House: The Normans House: The Normans
Top Fact: After Henry died, his Top Fact: Claimed a right to
daughter Matilda the throne as nephew
invaded England to win the crown of Henry I but was forced to name
back for her son Henry II. Henry II as his heir instead of his
own children.
Name: Henry II Name: Richard I
Nickname: Henry of Anjou Nickname: Richard the Lionheart

House: The Plantagenets House: The Plantagenets

In 1170, four Spent most of his
Top Fact: Top Fact:
knights murdered reign abroad, on a
Archbishop Thomas Becket in crusade to the Middle East and then
Canterbury Cathedral because they fighting in France. His brother John
misunderstood words that Henry unsuccessfully tried to seize power
said in anger. while he was away.
Name: John Name: Henry III
Nickname: John Lackland Nickname: none
Top Fact: Forced by rebellious Top Fact: Established the first

barons to seal ‘parliament’ in 1236.
Magna Carta in 1215. Also partly It continued to evolve, with the first
responsible for losing the Crown elected representatives being sent to
Jewels in The Wash. Westminster in 1254.
Name: Edward I Name: Edward II
Nickname: Longshanks Nickname: Edward of Caernarvon
Top Fact: Invaded and conquered Top Fact: His queen, Isabella,
Wales and built an invaded England and
‘iron ring’ of castles to maintain deposed Edward in favour of their
power, including Conwy, Harlech, teenage son.
Caernarfon and Beaumaris castles.
Name: Edward III Name: Richard II
Nickname: Edward of Windsor Nickname: none
Number of Children: 12, 13 or 14 Number of Children: 0
Top Fact: It is thought that Top Fact: Grandson of Edward

almost everyone with III. Forced to abdicate
mainly British ancestry is probably by his cousin, Henry Bolingbroke,
descended from Edward III. who then became King Henry IV.
Name: Henry IV Name: Henry V
Nickname: Henry Bolingbroke Nickname: Henry of Monmouth
House: Lancaster House: Lancaster
Top Fact: Had to contend with Top Fact: The first English
many rebellions, king to read and
especially Welsh rebellions led by write fluently in English (rather
Owain Glyndwr. Was ill for much of than French).
his reign.
Name: Henry VI Name: Edward IV
Nickname: none Nickname: none
House: Lancaster House: York
Ruled: 1461-1483 (22 years) -

Ruled: 1422-1461 (22 years) 1470-1471 briefly deposed 1470-1471
Age at Start of Rule: 9 months Age at Start of Rule: 19
Top Fact: As Henry was only a Top Fact: Deposed Henry VI in

baby when he became 1461 then eventually
king, a special council ran the had him murdered after Henry
country for him until he was 16. reclaimed the crown in 1470-71.
Name: Edward V Name: Richard III
one of the ‘Princes in
Nickname: Nickname: none
the Tower’
House: York House: York
Ruled: 1483 (2 months) Ruled: 1483-1485 (2 years)
Number of Children: Number of Children: 1

0
Held captive with his Top Fact: Killed at the Battle of
Top Fact: Bosworth Field, ending
brother in the Tower
the Wars of the Roses. His remains
of London by their uncle, Richard
were discovered under a car park
III. The boys soon disappeared,
in Leicester in 2012 and reburied in
supposedly murdered. Leicester Cathedral in 2015.
Name: Henry VII Name: Henry VIII
Nickname: Henry Tudor Nickname: none

House: The Tudors House: The Tudors
Henry married Elizabeth Henry had six wives.
Top Fact: Top Fact:
of York, the older sister The first, Catherine of
of the Princes in the Tower. The Tudor Aragon, was his brother Arthur’s
rose is a mixture of the white rose of widow. By divorcing her, he became
York and the red rose of Lancaster, head of a newly independent,
symbolising their unity. Protestant Church of England.
Name: Edward VI Name: Lady Jane Grey

Ruled: 1547-1553 (6 years) Ruled: 1553 (9 days)
Edward was determined Top Fact: Jane was proclaimed
Top Fact:
not to let his half- queen after Edward VI
sisters Mary and Elizabeth succeed died, but his sister Mary had much
him and nominated Lady Jane Grey more support and overturned Jane’s
and her heirs instead. However, he succession after 9 days. Jane was
was ultimately unsuccessful. executed for high treason.
Name: Mary I Name: Elizabeth I
Nickname: Bloody Mary Nickname: none
Top Fact: A devout Catholic, Top Fact: During Elizabeth’s

Mary ordered the reign, England became
execution of hundreds of Protestants even more of a global power with new
for heresy, hence her nickname. wealth from kidnapping, enslaving
and trading people from Africa.
Name: James I (VI of Scotland) Name: Charles I

House: The Stuarts House: The Stuarts

James was already Top Fact: Charles insisted that
Top Fact:
King of Scotland when God intended kings to
he became King of England too. He be fully in charge and argued with
survived the Gunpowder Plot designed his government. By 1642, this had
to blow him up at the opening of degenerated into a civil war. Charles
Parliament in 1605. was defeated and executed.
Name: Oliver Cromwell Name: Richard Cromwell

House: none House: none
Ruled: 1653-1658 (5 years) Ruled: 1658-1659 (1 year)
Until 1653, Oliver An army council
Top Fact: Top Fact:
Cromwell was just who disagreed with
the chairman of a council that ran Parliament forced Richard to step
the country. However, the army down. They made it possible for
distrusted them so Oliver eventually Charles II to be restored as king a
had to rule as Lord Protector. year later.
Name: Charles II Name: James II (VII of Scotland)
Nickname: The Merry Monarch Nickname: none
Number of Children: Number of Children: 4

0
Charles and his wife Top Fact: English Protestants
Top Fact: invited William - the
Catherine had no
children of their own, but Charles husband of James’s daughter Mary
had many children with other - to come from the Netherlands to
women - some people think he depose the Catholic James. This is
fathered up to 21! known as the Glorious Revolution.
Name: William III / Mary II Name: Anne

Nickname: William of Orange / none Nickname: none
1689-1702 (13 years) /
Age at Start of Rule: 39 / 27 Age at Start of Rule: 37
1 (died in
Number of Children: 0 Number of Children: childhood)
Top Fact: While William was in Anne oversaw the Act

Top Fact:
England, Mary stayed of Union, which made
out of politics. However, he spent a Scotland and England one country,
lot of time abroad. In those periods, ruled from London. People continue
Mary ably governed the country to argue that Scotland should become
alongside a council of advisers. an independent country again.
Name: George I Name: George II
House: Hanover House: Hanover
Ruled: Ruled: 1727-1760 (33 years)

1714-1727 (13 years)
Age at Start of Rule: 44
Number of Children: 9
In 1752, Britain adopted
Top Fact:
Top Fact: George was German the Gregorian calendar,
but he was also which was more accurate than the
the great-grandson of James I, previous Julian one. This meant that
which gave him a claim to the the date changed overnight from 2nd
English throne. September to 14th September!
Name: George III Name: George IV
Nickname: Mad King George Nickname: none

George suffered from George was forced
Top Fact: Top Fact:
intermittent periods to marry his wife,
of insanity. These became worse Caroline. He hated her and refused
towards the end of his life and his to let her go to his coronation or be
son was appointed regent to officially recognised as queen.
rule on his behalf until he died.
Name: William IV Name: Victoria
Nickname: The Sailor King Nickname: none

Top Fact: William joined the Top Fact: Victoria was devoted
Royal Navy aged 13. to her husband, Prince
He had 10 children with an actress, Albert, and she went into mourning
but he was eventually forced to for the rest of her life when he died.
marry a princess. None of their
children survived.
Name: Edward VII Name: George V
Nickname: Bertie Nickname: none
House: Saxe-Coburg-Gotha House: Windsor
Top Fact: Although Edward was Top Fact: During the First World
always the heir to the War, in 1917, George
throne, his mother, Queen Victoria, changed the family name from
didn’t let him take part in politics Saxe-Coburg-Gotha to Windsor to
until he was over 50 years old. avoid all connections to Germany.
Name: Edward VIII Name: George VI
Nickname: David Nickname: Bertie (after his grandfather
and great-grandfather)
House: Windsor House: Windsor
Ruled: 1936 (10 months, 21 days) Ruled: 1936-1952 (15 years)
Top Fact: Edward wanted to George never wanted
marry Wallis Simpson Top Fact:
but the government forbade the to be king and had
marriage. As a result, Edward a speech difficulty that made it
abdicated and passed the throne to hard for him to address the nation.
his brother. Nevertheless, he was very popular.
Name: Elizabeth II Name: Charles III
Nickname: Lilibet Nickname: none
House: Windsor House: Windsor
Ruled: 1952 - 2022 Ruled: 2022 – Present

(70 years and 214 days)
Top Fact: Charles was the first
Top Fact: Elizabeth reigned for British royal to earn
longer than any other a university degree. He attended
monarch. She was Queen in two Cambridge University and in 1970 he
different millennia! graduated with a degree in history,
archaeology and anthropology.

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Name: William I Name: William II

Nickname: The Conqueror Nickname: Rufus

House: The Normans House: The Normans

Ruled: 1066-1087 (21 years) Ruled: 1087-1100 (13 years)

Age at Start of Rule: 58 Age at Start of Rule: 31

Number of Children: 9 Number of Children: 0

Top Fact: Defeated Harold Top Fact: Killed by being shot in

Name: Henry I Name: Stephen

Ruled: 1100-1135 (35 years) Ruled: 1135-1154 (19 years)

Age at Start of Rule: 31 Age at Start of Rule: 38

Number of Children: 2 Number of Children: 5

Nickname: Henry of Anjou Nickname: Richard the Lionheart

Number of Children: 8 Number of Children: 0

Name: John Name: Henry III

Nickname: John Lackland Nickname: none

House: The Plantagenets House: The Plantagenets

Ruled: 1199-1216 (17 years) Ruled: 1216-1272 (56 years)

Age at Start of Rule: 33 Age at Start of Rule: 9

Number of Children: 5 Number of Children: 5

Top Fact: Forced by rebellious Top Fact: Established the first

Nickname: Longshanks Nickname: Edward of Caernarvon

House: The Plantagenets House: The Plantagenets

Ruled: 1272-1307 (35 years) Ruled: 1307-1327 (20 years)

Age at Start of Rule: 33 Age at Start of Rule: 23

Number of Children: 19 Number of Children: 4

Name: Edward III Name: Richard II

Nickname: Edward of Windsor Nickname: none

House: The Plantagenets House: The Plantagenets

Ruled: 1327-1377 (50 years) Ruled: 1377-1399 (22 years)

Age at Start of Rule: 14 Age at Start of Rule: 10

Number of Children: 12, 13 or 14 Number of Children: 0

Top Fact: It is thought that Top Fact: Grandson of Edward

Nickname: Henry Bolingbroke Nickname: Henry of Monmouth

House: Lancaster House: Lancaster

Ruled: 1399-1413 (14 years) Ruled: 1413-1422 (9 years)

Age at Start of Rule: 33 Age at Start of Rule: 26

Number of Children: 6 Number of Children: 1

Name: Henry VI Name: Edward IV

Nickname: none Nickname: none

House: Lancaster House: York

Ruled: 1461-1483 (22 years) -

Number of Children: 1 Number of Children: 7

Top Fact: As Henry was only a Top Fact: Deposed Henry VI in

Ruled: 1483 (2 months) Ruled: 1483-1485 (2 years)

Age at Start of Rule: 12 Age at Start of Rule: 31

Number of Children: Number of Children: 1

Name: Henry VII Name: Henry VIII

Nickname: Henry Tudor Nickname: none

Nickname: none Nickname: none

Name: Mary I Name: Elizabeth I

Nickname: Bloody Mary Nickname: none

House: The Tudors House: The Tudors

Ruled: 1553-1558 (5 years) Ruled: 1558-1603 (45 years)

Age at Start of Rule: 37 Age at Start of Rule: 25

Number of Children: 0 Number of Children: 0

Top Fact: A devout Catholic, Top Fact: During Elizabeth’s

Nickname: none Nickname: none

Number of Children: 3 Number of Children: 9

Name: Oliver Cromwell Name: Richard Cromwell

Nickname: none Nickname: none

Nickname: The Merry Monarch Nickname: none

House: The Stuarts House: The Stuarts