Behavioral Theory
Monteroso, Pauline S.
926231929
Theoretical understanding of Reward and
Punishment
Something presented in appreciation for
service, effort, or achievement. An
incentive is anything offered to promote a
good action.
Punishment is commonly seen as an
unpleasant sensation or a negative
outcome, however this is not always the
case. Punishment occurs when a
consequence directly follows an action,
reducing the frequency of the specific
behavior. Similar to reinforcement, a
stimulus or reward can be added (positive
punishment) or removed (negative
punishment) (negative punishment).
Theoretical understanding of Operant
Conditioning
B.F. Skinner, a behaviorist, created the
term "operant conditioning." Skinner,
which is why it is sometimes referred to
as Skinnerian conditioning. Skinner, as a
behaviorist, believed that it was
unnecessary to examine interior ideas
and motivations in order to explain
behavior. Instead, he proposed that we
focus primarily on the external,
observable causes of human usage, such
Explanation
Punishment, like reinforcement, comes in
two varieties: negative and positive. It can
also be difficult to tell the difference, as
with reinforcement.
Positive punishment is when you provide
an unpleasant consequence when an
undesirable conduct occurs, making the
behavior less likely to occur again.
A youngster has a tantrum and throws
himself to the ground, striking his head
hard on the floor (behavior) and
experiencing pain (aversive stimulus).
Negative punishment occurs when a
stimulus is withdrawn after an undesirable
behavior occurs, making the behavior
less likely to occur again.
A youngster bullies another adolescent at
school as an example of negative
punishment (behavior). The bully gets
expelled from school (reinforcing stimuli).
Explanation
A desired stimulus accompanies behavior
and increases the frequency of the
behavior in positive reinforcement. If
pushing a bar results in a food pellet, for
example, bar pressing will increase.
Similarly, if a youngster receives a
delightful present for being quiet during a
ceremony, she is more likely to be quiet
during subsequent ceremonies. In
negative reinforcement, eliminating an
as the addition of a reinforcing stimulus
following an action that makes the
behavior more likely to recur in the future.
One of the most effective methods to
recall negative and positive reinforcement
is through addition and subtraction, where
negative reinforcements deduct from the
situation and good reinforcements are
added.
unwanted stimulus after a behavior
causes the behavior to increase. If
pushing a bar silences an ear-splitting
alert, bar pressing will increase. Similarly,
if returning home by curfew repeatedly
leads in a teenager's parents allowing
him use the car more frequently, the
teenager's chances of respecting curfew
in the future will grow. The frequency of a
behavior is increased by both positive
and negative reinforcement.

Application
Theory Proponent key concepts The role of the Implication on
teacher teaching and
learning
Behavioral B.F. Skinner The theory The teacher's Teachers
theory behind responsibility is should
behaviorism is to affect establish the
that all behavior environment
behaviors are through that will help
learnt through manipulating learners learn,
interactions the such as
with the environment. providing
environment. As a result, the activities that
According to student is not suit the setting,
this learning an agency in because a
theory, the learning well-organized
behaviors are process. environment
acquired from According to helps learning
their behaviorism to occur.
environment theory, the Teachers must
and that educator would also assist
intrinsic or provide students in
hereditary numerous applying what
characteristics sorts of specific they have
have minimal stimuli in order learnt. Positive
impact on to get the incentives such
behavior. intended effect. as verbal
The desired praise, high
goal would be grades, and
an important awards are
aspect of good also commonly
education, as used in
would behaviorist
determining tactics.
the proper Behaviorists
penalties to judge the level
mold the of learning by
behavior. measuring
observable
behavior, such
as test
performance.