TMA1111 Mathematical Techniques FIST

Tutorial 3 Differentiation

Part A: Limits

1. Evaluate the following limits:

(a) lim(− x 2 + x − 2)
x →2

(b) lim 2( x − 3)( x − 5)

x →4

2 x2 − x − 3
(c) lim
x →−1 x +1
x + x − 12
2
(d) lim
x − 3 2x − 6
x +1
3
(e) lim [Do you know how to factorize x 3 + 1 ?]
x →−1 x + 1

3+ x − 3
(f) lim [The expression 3 + x + 3 may be useful.]
x →0 x
1 1
−
(g) lim 2 + x 2 [Simplify the expression first.]
x →0 x
 x − 9 x 2 − 1
2
(h) lim  − 
x →3
 x − 3 x +1 
tan x ?
(i) lim [Hint: tan x = ]
x →0 x ?
2 x( x + 1) 3x
(j) lim [The expression may be useful.]
x →0 sin 3x sin 3x

2. Determine whether the limit exists by considering the corresponding one-sided

limits. Give the value of the limit if it exists.
 x+2
 2 ,x 3
(a) lim f ( x ) , f ( x) = 
12 − 2 x , x  3
x →3

 3
3x − 2 x  2

(b) lim f ( x), f ( x) =  6
 x + 1 x  2
x −2


3 − x , x  2

(c) lim f ( x), f ( x) =  2 ,x =2
x →2
 x
 ,x  2
 2

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3 For each of the following limits, determine if it exists. If it does not exist, could
you write as lim f ( x) =  or lim f ( x) = − . Show steps to justify your answers.
x→a x→a

2x − 4x 3
5 x5 − 3
(a) lim (b) lim
x →+ 5 x3 + 2 x →+ 3x3 − 2

(c) lim 
x →
 8 x 2 + 7 9 x3 + 27 
2
−
3x3 − 3 
 (d) lim ( x( x + 2) − x )
 2x x →

2x + 3 2x + 3
(e) lim (f) lim
x →2 3 x − 4 x − 4
2 x → 3x − 4 x − 4
2

Part B: Continuity and Derivatives

1. Determine whether the following functions are continuous at x = 3 .

2 x 2 − 4 ( x  3)
(a) f ( x) = 
 x + 11 ( x  3)
2x
(b) f ( x) = 2
3x − 9 x
3 x − 2 x  2

(c) f ( x) =  6
 x + 1 x  2

2. For each of the function graphed below, explain why the function is not
continuous at x = a .
(a) y (b) (c)
y y

c y=f(x)
y=f(x) c y=f(x)
c
d
d d

a x
0 a x x
0 0 a

3. Determine the discontinuities, if any, of the following function.

2 x + 1, x  0

f ( x) = 1, 0  x 1
 x 2 + 1, x  1


4. Differentiate the following functions:

3 1 1
− tan x
(a) g ( x) = 8 x 4 + 4 x 4 − x 3
(i) y=
1 + tan x
1

(b) y = x (1 − 3 x)
3 4
(j) y = e x (cos x + 2 x)
x
(c) y= (k) y = 1 + xe −4 x
x +1
2

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e 3 x − e −3 x
(d) f ( x) = 5sin 3x cos x (l) y=
e 3 x + e −3 x
1 − sin x
(e) f ( x) = (m) f ( x) = (4 x sin x − 1) 3
x4
(f) y = sin (sin 2 x)
3
(n) y = sin(cos(2 x − 5))
(g) y = x 3 − 2x 2 + x − 7 (o) y = e x tan x

(h) y = tan x − sec x

5. Determine the specified derivative for each of the given function.

(a) Find f (3) ( x) for f ( x) = x 4 − 10 x 2
(b) Find f ( 2) ( x) for f ( x) = e 2 x sin 2 x
(c) Find y ( 4 ) for y = x 4 − 7 x 2 − 4 x + 2

d
6. Find [ y( x)] if x, y = y ( x) are related as follows.
dx
(i) x2 y + 3y − x + 1 = 0
(ii) cos2 ( y + 1) = 2 sin x
(iii) ye x + xe y = xy

7. Find maximum/minimum value of each function.

(a) f ( x) = x 2 − 6 x + 9 ,
(b) f ( x) = 2 − x 3 ,

8. Find the extrema and the points where the extrema appear for y = ( x + 1) 2 − 4 .

Answers:
Part A:
1
1.(a). -4 ; (b) -2 ; (c) -5 ; (d) 7/2 ; (e) 3 ; (f) ; (g) -1/4 ; (h) 4 ; (i) 1 ; (j) 2/3
2 3
2. (a) lim f ( x) does not exist. ; (b) lim f ( x) = 4 . ; (c) lim f ( x) = 1
x→3 x→2 x→2
3. (a) 2/5 ; (b)  ; (c) 1 ; (d) 1 ;(e) lim f ( x) does not exist. ; (f) 0
x→2

Part B:

1. (a) continuous. ; (b) not continuous. ; (c) continuous

2. f(a) = c  lim f ( x) = d . (b) lim f ( x) does not exist.
x →a x→a

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(c) lim f ( x) =  (does not exist)

x→a
3. (a) f(x) continuous at x =0 but not continuous at x =1.
1 3 4
− −
1 −
4. (a) g ' ( x) = 6 x 4 + x 4 + x 3
3
1 3
3 −
(b) y ' = 3x (1 − 3x) − x 3 (1 − 3x) 4
2 4
4
1
(c) y' = 3
; (d) f ' ( x) = 5(− sin 3x sin x + 3 cos 3x cos x)

( x 2 + 1) 2
− 4 + 4 sin x − x cos x
(e) f ' ( x) =
x5
2 2 2
(f) y ' = 6 sin (sin x) cos(sin x) sin x cos x

3x 2 − 4 x + 1 2
(g) y ' = ; (h) y ' = sec x − sec x tan x
2 x3 − 2 x2 + x − 7

sec2 x x
(i) y ' = ; (j) y ' = e (cos x + 2 x − sin x + 2)
(1 + tan x) 2
e − 4 x (1 − 4 x) 12
(k) y ' = ; (l) y ' =
2 1 + xe− 4 x
2
 e3x + e −3x 
 
2
(m) f ' ( x) = 12(4 x sin x − 1) (sin x + x cos x)
(n) y ' = −2 cos(cos(2 x − 5)) sin( 2 x − 5)
x
(o) y ' = (tan sec2 x )e x tan x
x+
2
3 2
5. (a) f ' ( x) = 4 x − 20 x ; f ' ' ( x) = 12 x − 20 ; f
(3) ( x) = 24 x
2x 2x 2x
(b) f ' ( x) = 2e cos 2 x + 2e sin 2 x ; f ' ' ( x) = 8e cos 2 x
3
(c) y ' = 4 x − 14 x − 4 ; y ' ' = 12 x − 14 ; f
2 (3) ( x) = 24 x ; f (4) ( x) = 24

1 − 2 xy − cos x y − e y − ye x
6. (i) y ' = ; (ii) y ' = ; (iii) y ' =
2
x +3 cos( y + 1) sin( y + 1) e x + xe y − x

7. (a) x =3 ; (b) inconclusive

8. Minimum at x = -1 , minimum point =(-1, -4)
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