INTRODUCTION TO CONCRETE REPAIR AND

CAUSES OF CONCRETE DETERIORATION

MKAE1153/SEAA4163
Reinforced Concrete
Reinforced Concrete Jetty - Durability Problem
Corrosion Problem
Corrosion of Steel Reinforcement
Problem due to low concrete durability
Porous concrete leads to corrosion of steel reinforcement
Need to be repaired???
OR
Build new one???
Workability Problem
 HOW TO SOLVE THESE PROBLEMS???
• Knowledge related to concrete
• Make concrete durable
• Use the right type of
material/cement
• Understand the surrounding
environment
Concrete cover concept……
Technology…..
NEED TO CONDUCT REPAIR PROCESS
Why do we need to repair our concrete?
Cracks
Cracks
Concrete Cracks
Monitoring: tell-tale glass

Live cracks – glass will break

Dormant cracks
 Demec Discs

Day 1 – 92.06
Day 7 – 94.00
Example
 Durable Concrete
• Durability of concrete is defined as its
ability to resist weathering action,
chemical attack, abrasion or any other
process of deterioration.
• Durable concrete will retain its original
form, quality and serviceability when
exposed to environment (ACI 201.2 R92)
Sulphate attack
Carbonation
Why NEED Repair and Rehabilitation of Concrete?

• Restore or improve structural

integrity
• Improve appearance
• Improve durability
• Improve functional performance
• Provide water-tightness
 Important aspect

• Developing a proper repair strategy

to address concrete problem requires
and understanding of the CAUSE/S of
the problem
 Concrete Repair Process
1. Seeing the EFFECT
2. Determining the CAUSE/S
3. Deciding whether the problem need to be
repaired
4. Conducting some form of condition survey to
quantify problems
5. Dealing with the repair analysis and engineering
issues in the repair
6. Determining the repair strategies that include
methods, techniques and repair materials
7. FINALY accomplishing the repair
Identification of distress location on structure
• Preliminary Inspection – carry out a
preliminary inspection possibly with some
testing in order to determine the nature of the
problem and detail investigation
• Detail Inspection – checking the strength of
concrete, chemical analysis of concrete and
corrosion test
• Conclusion of investigation – the cause of
damage can be tracked to low cover to steel,
permeable concrete, high chloride level
Selecting repair method
 Factors in selection of repair method

• Type, causes and extent of repairs required

• Location of the damage/distress member
• Environmental exposure condition
• Availability of expert/skill workers
• Availability of time and access for repair
• Appearance
• Cost of repair work
Sprayed/Gunneting
 Reference

• Concrete Problems and Repair Techniques

Thank you