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The two
dimensions of parenting that Baumrind introduced are demands and responses from
parents (Bibi, Chaudhry, Awan, & Tariq, 2013). According to Baumrind (1966),
parenting is classified into three types: authoritarian parenting style (parents who
regulate children in full accordance with the standards of behavior determined by
parents), authoritative parenting (democratic and flexible parents), and permissive
parenting (parent helpless, acceptor, and tend not to have demands for behavior towards
children). The Baumrind paradigm was expanded by Maccoby and Martin (1983) and
produced the fourth parenting style, as negligent (low responsive / low demand)
parenting.