J.

Insect Biodiversity 012 (2): 033–047 ISSN 2538-1318 (print edition)

https://www.mapress.com/j/jib
Copyright © 2019 Magnolia Press Article J. Insect Biodiversity
ISSN 2147-7612 (online edition)

http://dx.doi.org/10.12976/jib/2019.12.2.1
http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EBF80B75-7CEA-4B75-9C7B-A508F5921A6E

Contribution to the knowledge of Ephemeroptera (Insecta) from Goiás State,

Brazil
ERIKCSEN AUGUSTO RAIMUNDI1
1
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Biociências, Laboratório de Citogenética e Evolução, Porto Alegre, RS, Bra-
zil. E-mail: erikcmundi@gmail.com

Abstract

Gioás State is located in the Central Region of Brazil belonging to a massive area of the Cerrado biome. The knowledge
of Ephemeroptera in Goiás is limited by few derived from punctual collections. As result of a survey in 25 sample sites of
Goiás, I present a taxonomic contribution of Ephemeroptera from the State. From the total of 830 specimens collected, 21
genera and 25 species were recorded. Caenidae (Caenis) is recorded from Goiás for the first time, as well as new records of
10 genera and 16 species.

Key words: Cerrado; Checklist; Neotropics; Brazilian Savanna; mayfly; taxonomy

Introduction

Despite the knowledge of Ephemeroptera in Brazil has been increasing in the last years (e.g. Salles et al. 2010a; Cruz et
al. 2011; Shimano et al. 2011; Rozário et al. 2014; Angeli et al. 2015; Campos et al. 2016; Boldrini & Krolow 2017),
not every geographic regions have been well studied, such in Cerrado biome.
With a territorial area about 340.000 km², Goiás is the 7th biggest Brazilian State and it is completely located
within the Cerrado (IBGE 2017). Nevertheless, this state comprises a few known fauna of Ephemeroptera, with,
currently, 6 families, 16 genera and 26 species reported (Molineri et al. 2015; Salles et al. 2016; Molineri & Salles
2017; Salles & Boldrini 2019). It is important to emphasize that these studies have the objective of taxonomic purpose,
not to understand the biodiversity of the region.
This study is the first survey of mayfly from Goiás and aims to report new Ephemeroptera records, as well as to
presents additional information for each record.

Material and methods

I sampled the Ephemeroptera through the Goiás State, especially in west areas, totalizing 25 sample sites (Table 1
and Fig. 1). Nymphs were sampled with entomological aquatic net, and the adults with Pennsylvania or incandescent
light traps. When possible, subimagos were individualized in dry microtubules until last instar. All the specimens are
conditioned in absolute alcohol.
The identification of the species was based on Dominguez et al. (2006), by comparisons with the original papers
or by the types when possible.
The acronyms SI, EAR, LFS, APMS, and UFV mean, respectively, Subimago, Erikcsen A. Raimundi, Luciano
F. Sgarbi, Allan P. M. Santos, and Universidade Federal de Viçosa (where all specimens are housed). In the “Material
Examined” sections, when only the male (♂) and female (♀) symbols appears instead of SI, the developmental stage
in question refers to the imago.
The taxa distribution was based on the sites “Ephemeroptera do Brasil” (Salles et al. 2016a) and “Catálogo
Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil” (Salles & Boldrini 2019), and when necessary, some details on the specifics
information of the taxa, the original and subsequent publications were also consulted.

Accepted by Davide Badano: 15 Oct. 2019; published: 30 Oct. 2019 33

Table 1. Municipalities and the respective aquatic environments sampled code.
Municipality Collecting site Municipality Collecting site Municipality Collecting site
Caiaponia L01 Chapadão do céu L25 Portelândia L07
Caiaponia L02 Jataí L13pp Portelândia L08
Caiaponia L03 Jataí L14pp Portelândia L11
Caiaponia L04 Mineiros L05 Portelândia L12
Caiaponia L28 Mineiros L09 Portelândia L15PP
Caiaponia L30 Mineiros L10 Portelândia L16PP
Caiaponia L31 Mineiros L21 Portelândia L23
Caiaponia R01 Montevidiu L26
Chapadão do céu L24 Montevidiu L27

Figure 1. Map of Brazil with detail of Goiás State, the mass of water and the sites sampled (blue lozenge).

Results

The list of new records accompanied by the original paper where the taxon was described, the previous distribution in
Brazil and the respective paper that cited it in the States for the first time, some remarks and the localization of these
new records is presented below (see also Table 2). The already recorded taxa from the state are also presented.

Table 2. List of taxa recorded from Goiás State based on this study. * new record from Goiás; ** new record from Goiás and
Midwest region of Brazil.
Family Species and authorship
Baetidae Americabaetis alphus Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty, 1996
Americabaetis longetron Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty, 1996
Aturbina beatrixae Gillies, 2001 *
Baetodes
Baetodes capixaba Souza, Salles & Nessimian, 2011 **
Baetodes santatereza Cruz, Hamada & Salles, 2014 **
Callibaetis (Cunhaporanga)
Cloeodes
Cryptonympha dasilvai Salles & Francischetti, 2004 **
Paracloeodes leptobranchus Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty, 1996 **
Waltzoyphius fasciatus McCafferty & Lugo-Ortiz, 1995
Waltzoyphius roberti Thomas & Peru, 2003 *
Zelusia deceptiva Angeli & Salles, 2016 *
...continued on the next page

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Table 2. (Continued)
Family Species and authorship
Caenidae* Caenis*
Caenis chamie Alba-Tercedor & Mosquera 1999 **
Leptohyphidae Leptohyphes plaumanni Allen, 1967 **
Traverhyphes (Mocoihyphes) yuati Molineri, 2004
Traverhyphes (Thraverhyphes) aff. chiquitano Molineri, 2001
Traverhyphes (Thraverhyphes) indicator (Needham & Murphy, 1924)
Traverhyphes (Thraverhyphes) pirai Molineri, 2001 **
Tricorythopsis**
Leptophlebiidae Farrodes carioca Domínguez, Molineri & Peters, 1996 **
Farrodes xingu Domínguez, Molineri & Peters, 1996 **
Hermanella**
Simothraulopsis demerara (Traver, 1947) *
Thraulodes amanda Mariano & Froehlichi, 2011
Thraulodes xavantinensis Mariano & Froehlichi, 2011
Tikuna bilineata (Needham & Murphy, 1924) *
Ulmeritoides nigribullae Salles & Domínguez, 2012 **
Oligoneuriidae Lachlania
Polymitarciydae Campsurus amapensis Molineri & Emmerich, 2010
Campsurus truncatus Ulmer, 1920
Campsurus violaceus Needham & Murphy, 1924 *

Baetidae

Americabaetis alphus Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty 1996

Original paper: Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty 1996b.
Previous distribution in Brazil (and original reference): Minas Gerais, Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, and Santa
Catarina (Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty 1996b); Rio de Janeiro (Francischetti et al. 2003); São Paulo (Salles et al. 2003);
Mato Grosso (Salles et al. 2004a); Espírito Santo (Salles et al. 2010a); Amazonas, Amapá, Bahia, Goiás, Pernambuco,
and Sergipe (Salles et al. 2010b); Roraima (Falcão et al. 2011); Piauí and Ceará (Boldrini et al. 2012); and Rondônia
(Boldrini & Cruz 2014).
Remarks: Americabaetis alphus has already been recorded from Goiás by Salles et al. (2010b).
Material examined: Caiapônia, L01, 17º10’5.5”S, 51º51’13.1”W, 793 m, 14/ii/2012, 2 nymphs in leaf litter from
weak river current, EAR coll., UFV, 2 nymphs in marginal vegetation, EAR coll., UFV, 3 nymphs in rolling stones
EAR coll., UFV; Caiapônia, L04, 16º41’23.5”S, 51º45’23.6”W, 640 m, 17/ii/2012, 1 nymph leaf litter from weak river
current, EAR coll., UFV; Caiapônia, L28, 28/ii/2012, 1 nymph in marginal vegetation, EAR coll., UFV; Caiapônia,
R01, 17º6’1.5”S, 51º57’51.9”W, 794 m, 15/ii/2012, 1 nymph, EAR in leaf litter from weak river current EAR coll.,
UFV; Jataí, L13pp, 17º35’59.4”S, 52º20’50.6”W, 687 m, 25/ii/2012, 1 nymph in leaf litter from weak river current,
EAR coll., UFV, 2 nymphs in sand, EAR coll., UFV; Mineiros, L09, 17º28’2.4”S, 52º26’8.3”W, 734 m, 22/ii/2012,
5 nymphs in bryophyte/slab, EAR coll., UFV; Portelândia, L07, 17º16’46”S, 52º44’47.5”W, 539 m, 19/ii/2012, 2
nymphs in aquatic root, EAR coll., UFV; Portelândia, L08, 17º16’51.2”S, 52º45’0.8”W, 531 m, 19/ii/2012, 2 nymphs
in rolling stones, EAR coll., UFV.

Americabaetis longetron Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty 1996

Original paper: Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty 1996b.
Previous distribution in Brazil (and original reference): Minas Gerais, Paraná, Santa Catarina (Lugo-Ortiz
& McCafferty 1996b); Espírito Santo (Lugo-Ortiz et al. 2002); Rio de Janeiro (Francischetti et al. 2003), São Paulo
(Salles et al. 2003); and Goiás and Bahia (Boldrini et al. 2012).
Remarks: Americabaetis longetron has already been recorded from Goiás state by Boldrini et al. (2012).
Material examined: Jataí, L14pp, 17º37’43.9”S, 52º20’50.4”W, 677 m, 25/ii/2012, 1 nymph in bryophyte/slab,
EAR coll., UFV.

the knowledge of Ephemeroptera J. Insect Biodiversity 012 (2) © 2019 Magnolia Press • 35
Aturbina beatrixae Gillies 2001
Original paper: Gillies 2001.
Previous distribution in Brazil (and original reference): Bahia, Espírito Santo, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais,
Paraná, Santa Catarina, São Paulo (Salles et al. 2010c); and Pernambuco (Lima et al. 2012).
Remarks: this is the first record of Aturbina beatrixae from Goiás.
Material examined: Jataí, L13pp, 17º35’59.4”S, 52º20’50.6”W, 687 m, 25/ii/2012, 3 nymphs in leaf litter from
weak river current, EAR coll., UFV; Jataí, L14pp, 17º37’43.9”S, 52º20’50.4”W, 677 m, 25/ii/2012, 4 nymphs in
bryophyte/slab, EAR coll., UFV.

Baetodes
Previous distribution in Brazil (and original reference): Rio de Janeiro (Needham & Murphy 1924); Minas Gerais
(Traver 1944); Santa Catarina (Mayo 1968); Mato Grosso (Salles et al. 2004a*); São Paulo (Salles et al. 2003*);
Paraná (Salles & Polegatto 2008), Bahia (Lima et al. 2010*), Espírito Santo (Salles et al. 2010a), Roraima (Falcão
et al. 2010*); Goiás and Maranhão (Boldrini et al. 2012*); Pernambuco (Lima et al. 2012); and Rondônia (Boldrini
& Cruz, 2013*). References marked with asterisk (*) record Baetodes from the State, but do not have the species
identified, frequently cited as Baetodes.
Remarks. Because of some very immature nymphs, species-level identification is difficult. Nevertheless, the
genus is identified by the presence of one subapical setae on tarsal claw and abdominal terga with tubercles (Dominguez
et al. 2006).
Material examined: Caiapônia, L28, 28/ii/2012, 1 nymph in slab, EAR coll., UFV; Jataí, L13pp, 17º35’59.4”S,
52º20’50.6”W, 687 m, 25/ii/2012, 3 nymphs in slab, EAR coll., UFV; Mineiros, L09, 17º28’2.4”S, 52º26’8.3”W, 734
m, 22/ii/2012, 2 nymphs in leaf litter in backwater, EAR coll., UFV.

Baetodes capixaba Souza, Salles & Nessimian 2011

Original paper: Souza et al. 2011.
Previous distribution in Brazil (and original reference): Espírito Santo (Souza et al. 2011).
Remarks: this is the first record of Baetodes capixaba from Goiás and from Midwest region of Brazil.
Material examined: Caiapônia, R01, 17º6’1.5”S, 51º57’51.9”W, 794 m, 15/ii/2012, 20 nymphs in leaf litter
from weak river current, EAR coll., UFV; Jataí, L13pp, 17º35’59.4”S, 52º20’50.6”W, 687 m, 25/ii/2012, 5 nymphs
in slab, EAR coll., UFV; Jataí, L14pp, 17º37’43.9”S, 52º20’50.4”W, 677 m, 25/ii/2012, 7 nymphs in bryophyte/
slab, EAR coll., UFV; Mineiros, L09, 17º28’2.4”S, 52º26’8.3”W, 734 m, 22/ii/2012, 7 nymphs in bryophyte/slab,
EAR coll., UFV; Portelândia, L23, 17º12’9.3”S, 52º39’50.4”W, 520 m, 24/ii/2012, 14 nymphs in slab, EAR coll.,
UFV; Portelândia, L07, 17º16’46”S, 52º44’47.5”W, 539 m, 19/ii/2012, 3 nymphs in aquatic root, EAR coll., UFV, 30
nymphs in slab EAR coll., UFV; Portelândia, L08, 17º16’51.2”S, 52º45’0.8”W, 531 m, 19/ii/2012, 15 nymphs in slab,
EAR coll., UFV.

Baetodes santatereza Salles & Polegatto 2008

Original paper: Salles & Polegatto 2008.
Previous distribution in Brazil (and original reference): São Paulo (Salles & Polegatto 2008); Pernambuco
(Lima et al. 2012); and Espírito Santo (Massariol et al. 2014).
Remarks: this is the first record of Baetodes santatereza from Goiás and from Midwest region of Brazil.
Material examined: Portelândia, L23, 17º12’9.3”S, 52º39’50.4”W, 520 m, 24/ii/2012, 20 nymphs in slab EAR
coll., UFV; Portelândia, L07, 17º16’46”S, 52º44’47.5”W, 539 m, 19/ii/2012, 5 nymphs in slab, EAR coll., UFV.

Callibaetis (Cunhaporanga)
Previous distribution in Brazil (and original reference): Amazonas, Pará, Rondônia and Roraima (Cruz et al. 2014);
and Piauí (Takiya et al. 2016).
Remarks: there are two species with the nymphs morphologically similar, almost indistinguishable according to
Cruz et al. (2014): Callibaetis (Cunhaporanga) gelidus Cruz, Salles & Hamada, 2014 and Callibaetis (Cunhaporanga)
nigracyclus Cruz, Salles & Hamada, 2014. Considering that I have only nymphs, it was impossible to recognize the
species, just at subgenus level.
Material examined: Jataí, L13pp, 17º35’59.4”S, 52º20’50.6”W, 687 m, 25/ii/2012, 1 nymph in leaf litter from
current water, EAR coll., UFV; Portelândia, L07, 17º16’46”S, 52º44’47.5”W, 539 m, 19/ii/2012, 1 nymph in aquatic
root, EAR coll., UFV.
36 • J. Insect Biodiversity 012 (2) © 2019 Magnolia Press RAIMUNDI
Cloeodes
Previous distribution in Brazil (original reference): Mato Grosso (McCafferty & Lugo-Ortiz 1995); Espítito Santo
(Lugo-Ortiz et al. 2002); São Paulo (Salles et al. 2003); Rio de Janeiro (Salles & Lugo-Ortiz 2003); Minas Gerais
(Salles et al. 2004b); Bahia (Lima et al. 2010); Roraima (Falcão et al. 2011); Amazonas and Rondônia (Massariol et al.
2013); Ceará and Goiás (Boldrini et al. 2012); Pernambuco (Lima et al. 2012); and Paraná and Santa Catarina (Salles
et al. 2015).
Remarks: to Cloeodes, as well as several other Baetidae genus, the identification at species level is difficult when
based on adults only. The genus has already recorded from Goiás represented by Cloeodes spaceki Queiroz, Oliveira
& Salles 2013.
Material examined: Chapadão do Céu, L24 (Bridge in Emas National Park; GXXV), 18º15’40.31”S,
52º53’18.28”W, 780 m, 26/ii/2012, 2 ♂ on stone, manually collected, about 20h30min, EAR coll., UFV.

Cryptonympha dasilvai Salles & Francischetti 2004

Original paper: Salles & Francischetti 2004.
Previous distribution in Brazil (and original reference): Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo (Salles & Francischetti
2004); Espírito Santo (Salles et al. 2010a); Bahia (Lima et al. 2010); and Pernambuco (Lima et al. 2012).
Remarks: this is the first record of Cryptonympha dasilvai from Goiás and from Midwest region of Brazil.
Material examined: Caiapônia, L04, 16º41’23.5”S, 51º45’23.6”W, 640 m, 17/ii/2012, 3 nymphs in leaf litter
from weak river current, EAR coll., UFV, 1 nymph in marginal vegetation, EAR coll., UFV.

Paracloeodes leptobranchus Lugo-ortiz & McCafferty 1996

Original paper: Lugo-ortiz & McCafferty 1996a.
Previous distribution in Brazil (and original reference): Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina (Lugo-
Ortiz & McCafferty 1996a); Roraima (Falcão et al. 2011); and Pernambuco (Lima et al. 2012).
Remarks: this is the first record of Paracloeodes leptobranchus from Goiás and from Midwest region of Brazil.
Material examined: Mineiros, L09, 17º28’2.4”S, 52º26’8.3”W, 734 m, 22/ii/2012, 3 nymphs in leaf litter from
backwater, EAR coll., UFV.

Waltzoyphius fasciatus Mccafferty & Lugo-Ortiz 1995

Original paper: Lugo-ortiz & Mccafferty 1995.
Previous distribution in Brazil (and original reference): Amazonas and Pará (Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty 1995);
Espírito Santo (Lugo-Ortiz et al. 2002); São Paulo (Francischetti et al. 2003); Mato Grosso (Salles et al. 2004a); Minas
Gerais and Rio de Janeiro (Salles et al. 2004b); Bahia (Lima et al. 2010); Goiás (Boldrini et al. 2012); and Pernambuco
(Lima et al. 2012).
Remarks: Waltzoyphius fasciatus has already been recorded from Goiás by Boldrini et al. (2012).
Material examined: Montevidiu, L27, 17º08’27.8”S, 51º40’21.3”W, 838 m, 27/ii/2012, 1 nymph in leaf litter,
EAR coll., UFV.

Waltzoyphius roberti Thomas & Peru 2002

Original paper: Thomas & Peru 2002.
Previous distribution in Brazil (and original reference): Mato Grosso (Shimano et al. 2011); Roraima (Falcão
et al. 2011); Bahia (Boldrini et al. 2012); Rondônia (Boldrini & Cruz 2014); and Amazonas (Salles et al. 2014).
Remarks: this is the first record of Waltzoyphius roberti from Goiás.
Material examined: Jataí, L13pp, 17º35’59.4”S, 52º20’50.6”W, 687 m, 25/ii/2012, 4 nymphs in leaf litter from
current water, EAR coll., UFV.

Zelusia deceptiva Angeli & Salles 2016

Original paper: Salles et al. 2016b.
Previous distribution in Brazil (and original reference): Amazonas, Espírito Santo, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais,
Pernambuco, Roraima, Rio de Janeiro, and São Paulo (Salles et al. 2016b)
Remarks: this is the first record of Zelusia deceptiva from Goiás.
Material examined: Caiapônia, L04, 16º41’23.5”S, 51º45’23.6”W, 640 m, 17/ii/2012, 3 nymphs in leaf litter
from current water, EAR coll., UFV.

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Caenidae

Remarks: this is the first record of Caenidae from Goiás, but as it is widely distributed in Brazil, the record was
already expected.

Caenis
Previous distribution in Brazil (and original reference): São Paulo (Froehlichi 1969); Amazonas and Pará (Malzacher
1986); Rio de Janeiro (Pereira & Da-Silva 1990); Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina (Malzacher 2001); Mato
Grosso (Shimano et al. 2011); Espírito Santo (Salles et al. 2010); Pernambuco (Lima et al. 2012); Roraima (Lima &
Boldrini 2017); and Bahia (Lima et al. 2016).
Remarks: nymphs collected are immatures limiting the identification at genus level.
Material examined: Caiapônia, L01, 17º10’5.5”S, 51º51’13.1”W, 793 m, 14/ii/2012, 1 nymph in leaf litter from
current water, EAR coll., UFV.

Caenis chamie Alba-Tercedor & Mosquera 1999

Original paper: Alba-tercedor & Mosquera 1999.
Previous distribution in Brazil (and original reference): Pernambuco (Lima et al. 2015); and Roraima (Lima
& Boldrini 2017).
Remarks: this is the first record of Caenis chamie from Goiás and from Midwest region of Brazil.
Material examined: Portelândia, L15pp, 17º05’49.18”S, 52º38’15.13”W, 677 m, 21/ii/2012, 4 nymphs in leaf
litter and sand, EAR coll., UFV.

Leptohyphidae

Leptohyphes plaumanni Allen 1967

Original paper: Allen 1967.
Previous distribution in Brazil (and original reference): Santa Catarina (Allen, 1967); Rio de Janeiro (Da-Silva
1993); São Paulo (Dias et al. 2007a); Espírito Santo and Rio de Janeiro (Dias et al. 2007b); and Pernambuco (Campos
et al. 2017).
Remarks: this is the first record of Leptohyphes plaumanni from Goiás and from Midwest region of Brazil.
Material examined: Mineiros, L05, 17º15’49.9”S, 52º19’49.2”W, 661 m, 18/ii/2012, 1 ♂, Light trap, EAR, LFS,
APMS colls., UFV.

Traverhyphes (Mocohyphes) yuati Molineri 2004

Original paper: Molineri 2004.
Previous distribution in Brazil (and original reference): Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo (Molineri 2004); Espírito
Santo (Salles et al. 2010a); Goiás, Maranhão and Piauí (Cruz et al. 2011); and Bahia (Campos et al. 2016).
Remarks: Traverhyphes (Mocoihyphes) yuati has already been recorded from Goiás by Cruz et al. (2011).
Material examined: Chapadão do Céu, L24 (Bridge in Emas National Park), 18º15’40.31”S, 52º53’18.28”W,
780 m, 26/ii/2012, 8 ♀ and 28 ♂ on stone and about 20h30min, manually collected, EAR, coll., UFV.

Traverhyphes (Traverhyphes) aff. chiquitano Molineri 2004

Remarks: some characteristics such as base of penis not as broad than apex, stilyger plate with the outer projection
bigger than the inner (at least in some specimens), and fore wing with IMP vein connected with the MP2 by a crossvein,
the specimens studied do not fit with the original description of the species of T. (T.) chiquitano. For these reasons the
Traverhyphes presented in this study may be a new species, but because of the few number of male sampled I decided
maintain it as an affinis species.
Material examined: Caiapônia, L02, 17º2’12.5”S, 52º6’41.6”W, 602 m, 15/ii/2012, 13 ♀, 5 ♂ and 7 SI ♂,
Pennsylvania light trap, EAR, LFS, APMS colls., UFV.

Traverhyphes (Thraverhyphes) indicator (Needham & Murphy 1924)

Original paper: Molineri 2001.
Previous distribution in Brazil (and original reference): São Paulo (Dias et al. 2007a); Espírito Santo (Salles
et al. 2010a); Bahia, Goiás and Maranhão (Cruz et al. 2011).
38 • J. Insect Biodiversity 012 (2) © 2019 Magnolia Press RAIMUNDI
 Remarks: Traverhyphes (Thraverhyphes) indicator has already been recorded from Goiás by Cruz et al. (2011).
Material examined: Jataí, L13pp, 17º35’59.4”S, 52º20’50.6”W, 687 m, 25/ii/2012, 1 nymph in sand, EAR coll.,
UFV; Jataí, L14pp, 17º37’43.9”S, 52º20’50.4”W, 677 m, 25/ii/2012, 2 nymphs in bryophyte/slab, EAR coll., UFV.

Traverhyphes (Thraverhyphes) pirai Molineri, 2001

Original paper: Molineri 2001.
Previous distribution in Brazil (and original reference): Rio de Janeiro (Molineri, 2001); Pernambuco (Lima
et al. 2012); and Espírito Santo (Angeli et al. 2015).
Remarks: this is the first record of Traverhyphes (Thraverhyphes) pirai from Goiás and from Midwest region of
Brazil.
Material examined: Caiapônia, L28, 28/ii/2012, 1 SI ♀, 3 SI ♂, Light trap, EAR, LFS, APMS colls., UFV;
Caiapônia, L30, 16º56’48.8S, 51º43’33.2W, 680 m, 29/ii/2012, 1 SI ♂, Pennsylvania light trap, EAR, LFS, APMS
colls., UFV; Jataí, L14pp, 17º37’43.9”S, 52º20’50.4”W, 677 m, 25/ii/2012, 16 ♀, 9 ♂, 8 SI ♀, 18 SI ♂, Light trap,
EAR, LFS, APMS colls., UFV; Mineiros, L05, 17º15’49.9”S, 52º19’49.2”W, 661 m, 18/ii/2012, 2 ♂, 5 SI ♀, 4 SI ♂,
Light trap, EAR, LFS, APMS colls., UFV; Mineiros, L21, 23/ii/2012, 7 ♀, 5 ♂, 9 SI ♀, 17 SI ♂, Light trap, EAR,
LFS, APMS colls., UFV; Portelândia, L23, 17º12’9.3”S, 52º39’50.4”W, 520 m, 24/ii/2012, 2 ♂, Light trap, EAR,
LFS, APMS colls., UFV; Portelândia, L15pp, 17º05’49.18”S, 52º38’15.13”W, 677 m, 21/ii/2012, 9 ♀, 19 ♂, 5 SI ♂,
Pennsylvania light trap, EAR, LFS, APMS colls., UFV.

Tricorythopsis Traver 1958

Previous distribution in Brazil (and original reference): Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina (Allen
1973); Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo (Dias & Salles 2005); Amazonas, Bahia and
Roraima (Dias et al. 2008); Rondônia (Dias et al. 2009); Maranhão (Belmont et al. 2011); Pernambuco (Lima et al.
2011); and Amapá (Belmont et al. 2015).
Remarks: this is the first record of Tricorythopsis from Goiás and from Midwest region of Brazil. Although the
specimen is imago, some important structures such as genitalia and the low number of specimens are not identifiable
at the species level.
Material examined: Portelândia, L12, 17º28’29.5”S, 52º41’5.4”W, 819 m, 20/ii/2012, 1 ♂, Pennsylvania light
trap, EAR, LFS, APMS colls., UFV.

Leptophlebiidae

Farrodes carioca Domínguez, Molineri & Peters 1996

Original paper: Domínguez et al. 1996.
Previous distribution in Brazil (and original reference): Rio de Janeiro (Domínguez et al. 1996); Espírito
Santo (Salles et al. 2010a); and Bahia (Lima et al. 2016).
Remarks: this is the first record of Farrodes carioca from Goiás and from Midwest region of Brazil.
Material examined: Caiapônia, L01, 17º10’5.5”S, 51º51’13.1”W, 793 m, 14/ii/2012, 7 SI ♀, 2 SI ♂, Pennsylvania
light trap, EAR, LFS, APMS colls., UFV.

Farrodes xingu Domínguez, Molineri & Peters, 1996

Original paper: Domínguez et al. 1996.
Previous distribution in Brazil (and original reference): Pará (Domínguez et al. 1996).
Remarks: this is the first record of Farrodes xingu from Goiás and from Midwest region of Brazil.
Material examined: Caiapônia, L02, 17º2’12.5”S, 52º6’41.6”W, 602 m, 15/ii/2012, 12 ♀, 8 ♂, Pennsylvania
light trap, EAR, LFS, APMS colls., UFV; Caiapônia, L31, 01/iii/2012, 2 ♂, Pennsylvania light trap, EAR, LFS,
APMS colls., UFV; Chapadão do Céu, L24 (Bridge in Emas National Park), 18º15’40.31”S, 52º53’18.28”W, 780 m,
26/ii/2012, 35 ♂, on stone and about 20h30min, manually collected, EAR coll., UFV.

Hermanella
Previous distribution in Brazil (and original reference): Paraná and Santa Catarina (Ulmer 1920); São Paulo (Ferreira
& Domínguez 1992); Espírito Santo (Salles et al. 2010a); Pernambuco (Lima et al. 2012); and Bahia (Almeida et al.
2016).

the knowledge of Ephemeroptera J. Insect Biodiversity 012 (2) © 2019 Magnolia Press • 39
 Remarks: this is the first record of genus Hermanella from Goiás and from Midwest region of Brazil. The specific
identity of Hermanella is not clear because only one imago was collected, and it is a female. However, the body size,
the colour pattern of wings and body and the marks on femora fit with Hermanella, probably affinis with Hermanella
froehlichi Ferreira & Dominguez, 1992.
Material examined: Portelândia, L12, 17º28’29.5”S, 52º41’5.4”W, 819 m, 20/ii/2012, 1 ♀, Pennsylvania light
trap, EAR, LFS, APMS colls., UFV.

Simothraulopsis demerara (Traver 1947)

Original paper: Traver 1947.
Previous distribution in Brazil (and original reference): Amazonas and Pará (Domínguez et al. 1997); Espírito
Santo (Salles et al. 2010a); Roraima (Gama Neto & Hamada 2014); Pernambuco (Lima et al. 2015); Bahia (Lima et
al. 2016); Piauí (Takiya et al. 2016); Amapá, Ceará, Mato Grosso and Rondônia (Nascimento et al. 2017); and Paraná
(Faria & Salles 2019).
Remarks: this is the first record of Simothraulopsis demerara from Goiás.
Material examined: Caiapônia, L02, 17º2’12.5”S, 52º6’41.6”W, 602 m, 15/ii/2012, 1 ♀, 2 ♂, Pennsylvania
light trap, EAR, LFS, APMS colls., UFV; Chapadão do Céu, L25 (Head office of Emas National Park), 18º15’48.3”S,
52º53’34.2”W, 777 m, 26/ii/2012, 1 SI ♀, Pennsylvania light trap, EAR, LFS, APMS colls., UFV.

Thraulodes amanda Mariano & Froehlichi, 2011

Original paper: Mariano et al. 2011.
Previous distribution in Brazil (and original reference): Goiás (Mariano et al. 2011).
Remarks: Thraulodes amanda has already been recorded from Goiás by Mariano et al. (2011).
Material examined: Mineiros, L09, 17º28’2.4”S, 52º26’8.3”W, 734 m, 22/ii/2012, 4 ♀, 7 ♂, Light trap, EAR,
LFS, APMS colls., UFV; Portelândia, L11, 20/ii/2012, 2 ♀, Light trap, EAR, LFS, APMS colls., UFV.

Thraulodes xavantinensis Mariano & Froehlichi 2011

Original paper: Mariano et al. 2011.
Previous distribution in Brazil (and original reference): Mato Grosso (Mariano et al. 2011).
Remarks: this is the first record of Thraulodes xavantinensis from Goiás.
Material examined: Caiapônia, L30, 16º56’48.8S, 51º43’33.2W, 680 m, 29/ii/2012, 1 ♂, Pennsylvania light trap,
EAR, LFS, APMS colls., UFV; Caiapônia, L31, 01/iii/2012, 1 ♂, Pennsylvania light trap, EAR, LFS, APMS colls.,
UFV; Portelândia, L12, 17º28’29.5”S, 52º41’5.4”W, 819 m, 20/ii/2012, 20 ♀, 2 ♂, Pennsylvania light trap, EAR, LFS,
APMS colls., UFV.

Tikuna bilineata (Needham & Murphy 1924)

Original paper: Peters et al. 2005.
Previous distribution in Brazil (and original reference): Pará (Peters et al. 2005); Tocantins (Boldrini et al.
2009); Amazonas (Salles et al. 2014); Espírito Santo (Angeli et al. 2015); and Mato Grosso (Boldrini & Krolow
2017).
Remarks: this is the first record of Tikuna bilineata from Goiás.
Material examined: Caiapônia, L03, 16º53’41.6”S, 51º52’53.7”W, 708 m, 16/ii/2012, 2 nymphs in slab,
EAR coll., UFV; Caiapônia, L28, 28/ii/2012, 1 nymph in marginal vegetation, EAR coll., UFV; Caiapônia, L30,
16º56’48.8S, 51º43’33.2W, 680 m, 29/ii/2012, 1 ♀, Pennsylvania light trap, EAR, LFS, APMS colls., UFV; Caiapônia,
L31, 01/iii/2012, 4 ♀, 3 ♂, Pennsylvania light trap, EAR, LFS, APMS colls., UFV; Portelândia, L23, 17º12’9.3”S,
52º39’50.4”W, 520 m, 24/ii/2012, 1 nymph in slab, EAR coll., UFV.

Ulmeritoides nigribullae Salles & Dominguez 2012

Original paper: Salles & Dominguez 2012.
Previous distribution in Brazil (and original reference): Minas Gerais (Salles & Dominguez 2012).
Remarks: this is the first record of Ulmeritoides nigribullae from Goiás and from Midwest region of Brazil.
Material examined: Mineiros, L05, 17º15’49.9”S, 52º19’49.2”W, 661 m, 18/ii/2012, 2 ♀, 1 ♂, Light trap,
EAR, LFS, APMS colls., UFV; Portelândia, L15pp, 17º05’49.18”S, 52º38’15.13”W, 677 m, 21/ii/2012, 1 ♀, 1 ♂,
Pennsylvania light trap, EAR, LFS, APMS colls., UFV.

40 • J. Insect Biodiversity 012 (2) © 2019 Magnolia Press RAIMUNDI

Oligoneuriidae

Lachlania
Previous distribution in Brazil (and original reference): Rio de Janeiro (Pereira 1987); Espírito Santo (Massariol et
al. 2014); and Bahia, Goiás, São Paulo and Tocantins (Massariol et al. 2016).
Remarks: Lachlania has already been recorded from Goiás by Massariol et al. (2016). To identify at the species
level the adults are also necessary, but in this study, only the nymph was collected.
Material examined: Jataí, L14pp, 17º37’43.9”S, 52º20’50.4”W, 677 m, 25/ii/2012, 1 nymph in bryophyte/slab,
EAR coll., UFV.

Polymitarcyidae

Campsurus amapensis Molineri & Emmerich 2010

Original paper: Molineri & Emmerich 2010.
Previous distribution in Brazil (and original reference): Amapá (Molineri & Emmerich 2010); and Goiás,
Piauí and Roraima (Molineri & Salles 2017).
Remarks: Campsurus amapensis has already been recorded from Goiás by Molineri & Salles (2017).
Material examined: Chapadão do Céu, L25 (Head office of Emas National Park), 18º15’48.3”S, 52º53’34.2”W,
777 m, 26/ii/2012, 1 ♀, Pennsylvania light trap, EAR, LFS, APMS colls., UFV.

Campsurus truncatus Ulmer 1920

Original paper: Ulmer 1920.
Previous distribution in Brazil (and original reference): Espírito Santo (Ulmer 1920); Rio de Janeiro (Pereira
& Da-Silva 1991); Pernambuco (Lima et al. 2015); Amazonas, Goiás, Minas Gerais and São Paulo (Molineri et al.
2015); Bahia (Lima et al. 2016); and Piauí (Takiya et al. 2016).
Remarks: Campsurus truncatus has already been recorded from Goiás by Molineri et al. (2015).
Material examined: Caiapônia, L01, 17º10’5.5”S, 51º51’13.1”W, 793 m, 14/ii/2012, 4 ♀, 8 ♂, Light trap, EAR,
LFS, APMS colls., UFV; Caiapônia, L02, 17º2’12.5”S, 52º6’41.6”W, 602 m, 15/ii/2012, 7 ♀, Pennsylvania light
trap, EAR, LFS, APMS colls., UFV; Caiapônia, L03, 16º53’41.6”S, 51º52’53.7”W, 708 m, 16/ii/2012, 20 nymphs
in slab EAR coll., UFV; Caiapônia, L04, 16º41’23.5”W, 51º45’23.6”W, 640 m, 17/ii/2012, 5 ♀, Light trap, EAR,
LFS, APMS colls., UFV; Caiapônia, L30, 16º56’48.8S, 51º43’33.2W, 680 m, 29/ii/2012, 2 ♀, 4 ♂, Pennsylvania,
Light trap, EAR, LFS, APMS colls., UFV; Jataí, L13pp, 17º35’59.4”S, 52º20’50.6”W, 687 m, 25/ii/2012, 4 nymphs
in leaf litter from weak river current EAR coll., UFV; Jataí, L14pp, 17º37’43.9”S, 52º20’50.4”W, 677 m, 25/ii/2012,
2 ♀, 1 ♂, Light trap, EAR, LFS, APMS colls., UFV; Mineiros, L09, 17º28’2.4”S, 52º26’8.3”W, 734 m, 22/ii/2012,
28 ♀, 4 ♂, Pennsylvania light trap, EAR, LFS, APMS colls., UFV; Mineiros, L10, 17º27’59.6”S, 52º27’38.8”W, 735
m, 22/ii/2012, 14 ♀, 26 ♂, Pennsylvania light trap, EAR, LFS, APMS colls., UFV; Mineiros, L21, 23/ii/2012, 12 ♀,
3 ♂, Light trap, EAR, LFS, APMS colls., UFV; Montevidiu, L26, 17º5’47.4”S, 51º41’14.2W, 709 m, 27/ii/2012, 1
♀, 1 ♂, Pennsylvania light trap, EAR, LFS, APMS colls., UFV; Portelândia, L23, 17º12’9.3”S, 52º39’50.4”W, 520
m, 24/ii/2012, 13 ♀, 2 ♂, Pennsylvania light trap, EAR, LFS, APMS colls., UFV; Portelândia, L08, 17º16’51.2”S,
52º45’0.8”W, 531 m, 19/ii/2012, 1 ♀, Pennsylvania light trap, EAR, LFS, APMS colls., UFV; Portelândia, L15pp,
17º05’49.18”S, 52º38’15.13”W, 677 m, 21/ii/2012, 5 ♀, 1 ♂, Pennsylvania light trap, EAR, LFS, APMS colls., UFV;
Portelândia, L16pp, 17º10’15.06”S, 53º58’56.98”W, 544 m, 21/ii/2012, 15 ♀, 1 ♂, Pennsylvania light trap, EAR, LFS,
APMS colls., UFV.

Campsurus violaceus Needham & Murphy 1924

Original paper: Needham & Murphy 1924.
Previous distribution in Brazil (and original reference): Pará (Demoulin 1955); Amazonas, Mato Grosso,
Mato Grosso do Sul, and Piauí (Molineri et al. 2015).
Remarks: this is the first record of Campsurus violaceus from Goiás.
Material examined: Caiapônia, L02, 17º2’12.5”S, 52º6’41.6”W, 602 m, 15/ii/2012, 2 ♂, Pennsylvania light trap,
EAR, LFS, APMS colls., UFV; Caiapônia, L31, 01/iii/2012, 1 ♂, Pennsylvania light trap, EAR, LFS, APMS colls.,
UFV.

the knowledge of Ephemeroptera J. Insect Biodiversity 012 (2) © 2019 Magnolia Press • 41
Discussion

This study contributed with the increase of new records of 16 species, 10 genera and 1 family. Thus, Goiás now has
seven families, 27 genera and 42 species of Ephemeroptera; an increase of 16% of families, 37% of genera, and 38%
of species.
Prior to this work and based on Salles & Boldrini (2019), Goiás had a record of 26 species, 17 genera and 5
families of mayfly. Of these, 18 species, 5 genera and 1 family were not collected in this study.
Caenidae is recorded for the first time, as well as the genera Aturbina, Cryptonympha, Zelusia, Caenis,
Tricorythopsis, Farrodes, Hermanella, Simothraulopsis, Tikuna, and Ulmeritoides. The species recorded for the first
time from Goiás are Aturbina beatrixae, Waltzoyphius roberti, Zelusia deceptiva, Simothraulopsis demerara, Thraulodes
xavantinensis, Tikuna bilineata, and Campsurus violaceus. Baetodes capixaba, Baetodes santatereza, Cryptonympha
dasilvai, Paracloeodes leptobranchus, Caenis chamie, Leptohyphes plaumanni, Traverhyphes (Thraverhyphes) pirai,
Farrodes carioca, Farrodes xingu, and Ulmeritoides nigribullae are recorded for the first time from both Goiás and
Midwest region of Brazil, as well as for the Tricorythopsis and Hermanella.
It is important to highlight that Baetodes and Lachlania are recorded in Goiás only at the genus level. Because
the references I have analyzed are based on taxonomic and biodiversity issues and as the both genera are treated as
Baetodes and Lachlania, as in the present work, I decided to consider them as valid record.
As mentioned in the Introduction, knowledge of mayfly fauna in Goiás is purely based on punctual collections
and taxonomic review of some taxonomic groups. Although this first survey has increased knowledge of biodiversity,
the expected biodiversity of the Order is far from to be known.
Comparing the diversity of mayflies from Goiás and other Brazilian states, we can observe two different realities,
exemplified here between the States of Santa Catarina and Espírito Santo. The historical construction of mayfly
knowledge in Santa Catarina has been basically the same as in Goiás: by punctual collections, the most of them carried
in the 2000s or earlier. Although Goiás has a geographic area 72% larger than Santa Catarina (despite the similar
history of mayfly knowledge), the number of mayfly species corresponds to 20% smaller than that found in Santa
Catarina. The two states do not have ephemeropteran researchers in educational and research institutions yet, so the
reality in knowledge of the mayfly will tend to be underestimated in the coming years.
On the other hand, Espírito Santo, which has a territorial area about 87% smaller than Goiás (being even smaller
than the smallest municipality of Goiás), has a diversity of species 58% larger than in Goiás (with data already updated).
One of the main reason is due the establishment of ephemeropteran researchers in the late 2000s, training several
specialists in Ephemeroptera. As noted in Salles & Boldrini (2019), the states of greatest mayfly biodiversity are those
with fixed Ephemeroptera researchers such as Roraima and Amazonas, and until 2018, in Espírito Santo.
Obviously, the presence or absence of specialist in a particular region is not the only reason for this discrepancy
between states. Consideration should be given, for example, to the territory size, as well as public funding for fieldwork
and research, increasingly scarce in recent years.

Acknowledgements

I am grateful to Dr. Frederico F. Salles for allowing me to use the Laboratório de Sistemática e Ecologia de Insetos
at the Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo and the laboratorial materials. To FFS and Dr. Adriano Sanches Mello
(Universidade Federal de Goiás) for mediating my participation in the fieldwork. To the project PELD-CNPq proc.
558187/2009-9, granted to ASM, by guarantee of part of this field. To Dr Luciano F. Sgarbi and Dr Allan P. M. Santos,
for the companionship and important help in the field.

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