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 Parameters Formulae

I = Q/t
Current
I = neAvd

vd = eE𝞃/m
Drift velocity
vd = eV𝞃/ ml

𝝻 = vd/E
Mobility of electrons
𝝻 = e𝞃/m

j = I/E

Current density j = nevd

j = 𝝈E
 Parameters Formulae

R = V/I

R = 𝝆l /A
Resistance
R = ml /ne2𝞽A

Rt = R0 [1+αt] (Temp. dependence)

𝝆 = m /ne2𝞽
Resistivity
𝝆 = RA/l

σ = 1/𝝆

Conductivity σ = ne2𝞽/m

σ = l /RA
Find the current if a point charge Q located on rim of ring of radius R
moves with angular velocity 𝜔.

Q A

R B

D
Find the current if a point charge Q located on rim of ring of radius R
moves with angular velocity 𝜔.

A
Q

R B

D
The drift velocity of free electrons in a conductor is V when a current
'i' is flowing in it. If both the radius and current are doubled, then drift
velocity will be

A v

B v/2

C v/4

D v/8
The drift velocity of free electrons in a conductor is V when a current
'i' is flowing in it. If both the radius and current are doubled, then drift
velocity will be

A v

B v/2

C v/4

D v/8
 A. The drift velocity of electrons decreases with the increase in the temperature
of conductor.
B. The drift velocity is inversely proportional to the area of cross-section of given
conductor.
C. The drift velocity does not depend on the applied potential difference to the
conductor.
D. The drift velocity of electron is inversely proportional to the length of the
conductor.
27 July - shift 2 E. The drift velocity increases with the increase in the temperature of conductor.
2022 Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A A and B only

B A and D only

C B and E only

D B and C only
 A. The drift velocity of electrons decreases with the increase in the temperature
of conductor.
B. The drift velocity is inversely proportional to the area of cross-section of given
conductor.
C. The drift velocity does not depend on the applied potential difference to the
conductor.
D. The drift velocity of electron is inversely proportional to the length of the
conductor.
27 July - shift 2 E. The drift velocity increases with the increase in the temperature of conductor.
2022 Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A A and B only

B A and D only

C B and E only

D B and C only
 The variation of applied potential and current flowing through a given
wire is shown in figure. The length of wire is 31.4 cm. The diameter of
wire is measured as 2.4 cm. The resistivity of the given wire is
29 June - shift 1 measured as x × 10-3 Ω cm. The value of x is ____. [Take π = 3.14]
2022
 The variation of applied potential and current flowing through a given
wire is shown in figure. The length of wire is 31.4 cm. The diameter of
wire is measured as 2.4 cm. The resistivity of the given wire is
29 June - shift 1 measured as x × 10-3 Ω cm. The value of x is ____. [Take π = 3.14]
2022

Ans: (144)
 A current of 5 A passes through a copper conductor (resistivity) =
1.7×10–8 Wm) of radius of cross-section 5 mm. Find the mobility of the
10 Apr - shift 1 charges if their drift velocity is 1.1×10–3 m/s.
2019

A 1.8m2 /Vs

B 1.5 m2 /Vs

C 1.3 m2/Vs

D 1.0 m2/Vs
 A current of 5 A passes through a copper conductor (resistivity) =
1.7×10–8 Wm) of radius of cross-section 5 mm. Find the mobility of the
10 Apr - shift 1 charges if their drift velocity is 1.1×10–3 m/s.
2019

A 1.8m2 /Vs

B 1.5 m2 /Vs

C 1.3 m2/Vs

D 1.0 m2/Vs
The resistance of a wire is ‘R’ ohm. If it is melted and stretched to ‘n’
times its original length, its new resistance will be:

A R/n

B n2/R

C R/n2

D nR
The resistance of a wire is ‘R’ ohm. If it is melted and stretched to ‘n’
times its original length, its new resistance will be:

A R/n

B n2/R

C R/n2

D nR
 An aluminium wire is stretched to make its length, 0.4% larger. Then
percentage change in resistance is:
26 June - shift 1
2022

A 0.4%

B 0.2%

C 0.8%

D 0.6%
 An aluminium wire is stretched to make its length, 04% larger. Then
percentage change in resistance is:
26 June - shift 1
2022

A 0.4%

B 0.2%

C 0.8%

D 0.6%
 A conducting wire of length ‘l, area of cross section A and electric
resistivity ρ is connected between the terminals of a battery. A potential
difference V is developed between its ends, causing an electric current.
If the length of the wire of the same material is doubled and the area of
16 March-shift 1
2021 cross-section is halved, the resultant current would be :

D
 A conducting wire of length ‘l, area of cross section A and electric
resistivity ρ is connected between the terminals of a battery. A potential
difference V is developed between its ends, causing an electric current.
If the length of the wire of the same material is doubled and the area of
16 March-shift 1
2021 cross-section is halved, the resultant current would be :

D
 Colour coding of resistance

Colour Band 1 Band 2 Band (Multiplier) Band (Tolerance

Black 0 0 1

Brown 1 1 10

Red 2 2 102

Orange 3 3 103

Yellow 4 4 104

Green 5 5 105

Blue 6 6 106

Violet 7 7 107

Gray 8 8 108

White 9 9 109
 Colour coding of resistance

Colour Band 1 Band 2 Band (Multiplier) Band (Tolerance

Gold - - 10-1 5%

Silver - - 10-2 10%

No Colour 20%
Find the resistance of the given resistor.

A 3100 ± 5% Ω
Brown
Red Gold
Orange
B 2100 ± 5% Ω

C 3200 ± 5% Ω

D 2400 ± 5% Ω
Find the resistance of the given resistor.

A 3100 ± 5% Ω
Brown
Red Gold
Orange
B 2100 ± 5% Ω

C 3200 ± 5% Ω

D 2400 ± 5% Ω
KCL
KVL
 Resistance : Series combination

The current is the

same through each
resistor.
Resistance : Parallel combination

In this case voltage

across each resistances
is the same.
 Two resistors are connected in series across a battery as shown in
figure. If a voltmeter of resistance 2000 Ω is used to measure the
potential difference across 500 Ω resistor, the reading of the
29 June - shift 2 voltmeter will be _____ V.
2022
 Two resistors are connected in series across a battery as shown in
figure. If a voltmeter of resistance 2000 Ω is used to measure the
potential difference across 500 Ω resistor, the reading of the
29 June - shift 2 voltmeter will be _____ V.
2022

Ans: (8)
In the following figure, the equivalent resistance between A and B is

A (17/24) Ω

B (4/3) Ω

C 29 Ω

D (24/17) Ω
n the following figure, the equivalent resistance between A and B is

A (17/24) Ω

B (4/3) Ω

C 29 Ω

D (24/17) Ω
 The current I1 (in A) flowing through 1Ω resistor in the following
circuit is:
Jan 7 - 2020 -
Shift I

A 0.4

B 0.5

C 0.2

D 0.25
 The current I1 (in A) flowing through 1Ω resistor in the following
circuit is:
Jan 7 - 2020 -
Shift I

A 0.4

B 0.5

C 0.2

D 0.25
 For the network shown below, the value VB - VA is _____ V.
29 June - shift 1
2022
 For the network shown below, the value VB - VA is _____ V.
29 June - shift 1
2022

Ans: (10)
 The current I flowing through the given circuit will be ………. A.
29 July - shift 1
2022
 The current I flowing through the given circuit will be ………. A.
29 July - shift 1
2022

Ans: (2)
 What will be the most suitable combination of three resistors A = 2Ω,
B = 4Ω, C = 6Ω so that is equivalent resistance of
24 June - shift 2 combination?
2022

Parallel combination of A and C

A
connected in series with B

B Parallel combination of A and B

connected in series with C.

C Series combination of A and C

connected in parallel with B

D Series combination of B and C

connected in parallel with A.
 What will be the most suitable combination of three resistors A = 2Ω,
B = 4Ω, C = 6Ω so that is equivalent resistance of
24 June - shift 2 combination?
2022

Parallel combination of A and C

A
connected in series with B

B Parallel combination of A and B

connected in series with C.

C Series combination of A and C

connected in parallel with B

D Series combination of B and C

connected in parallel with A.
 All resistances in figure are 1Ω each. The value of current ‘I’ is
The value of a is ____
28 June - shift 2
2022
 All resistances in figure are 1Ω each. The value of current ‘I’ is
The value of a is ____
28 June - shift 2
2022

Ans: (8)
 In the given circuit ‘a’ is an arbitrary constant. The value of m for
which the equivalent circuit resistance is minimum, will be
27 June - shift 2 The value of x is ____ .
2022
 In the given circuit ‘a’ is an arbitrary constant. The value of m for
which the equivalent circuit resistance is minimum, will be
27 June - shift 2 The value of x is ____ .
2022

Ans: (3)
 In the given figure, the value of V0 will be ____ V.
25 July - shift 1
2022
 In the given figure, the value of V0 will be ____ V.
25 July - shift 1
2022

Ans: (4)
Find the effective resistance in the given figure between points A
and B.

D
Find the effective resistance in the given figure between points A
and B.

D
Wheatstone bridge
 Current measured by the ammeter A in the reported circuit when no
current flows through 10Ω resistance will be _____ A.
28 June - shift 1
2022
 Current measured by the ammeter A in the reported circuit when no
current flows through 10Ω resistance will be _____ A.
28 June - shift 1
2022

Ans: (10)
 The current I in the given circuit will be
26 July - shift 1
2022

A 10A

B 20A

C 4A

D 40A
 The current I in the given circuit will be
26 July - shift 1
2022

A 10A

B 20A

C 4A

D 40A
 Series of combination of cell

● Cell are said to be in series if same current is

running in all of them.

r1 Ɛ1 r2 Ɛ2 r3 Ɛ3

Ɛeq

req

● Req = r1 + r2 + r3
● Ɛeq = Ɛ1 + Ɛ2 + Ɛ3
 Parallel of combination of cell
r1
v1 v2
r2
v1 v2
r3
v1 v2

Ɛeq

req
 Two sources of equal emfs are connected in series. This
combination is connected to an external resistance R. The internal
resistance of the two sources are r1 and r2 (r1 > r2). If the potential
27 July - shift 1 difference across the source of internal resistance r1 is zero then the
2022 value of R will be

A r1 - r2

D r2 - r1
 Two sources of equal emfs are connected in series. This
combination is connected to an external resistance R. The internal
resistance of the two sources are r1 and r2 (r1 > r2). If the potential
27 July - shift 1 difference across the source of internal resistance r1 is zero then the
2022 value of R will be

A r1 - r2

D r2 - r1
Find the current I in 10 ohm resistor in following circuit.

r1 = 2Ω A 3A

E1 = 10V
A r2 = 1Ω B B 4/3 A

E2 = 5V
C 5/3 A
I R = 10Ω
D 5/8 A
Find the current I in 10 ohm resistor in following circuit.

r1 = 2Ω A 3A

E1 = 10V
A r2 = 1Ω B B 4/3 A

E2 = 5V
C 5/3 A
I R = 10Ω
D 5/8 A
Electric power
Maximum power transfer
 Rated power and rated voltage

● Bulb available in market are

rated to indicate their power.

● If rating of a bulb is given to be

“100 W , 220 V” - then a voltage
of more than 220V can
damage the bulb.

● If potential difference across

bulb is 220V, then it will
produce power of 100 W.
 An electrical bulb rate 220 V, 100 W, is connected in series with
another bulb rated 220 V, 60W. If the voltage across combination is
28 July - shift 2 220V, the power consumed by the 100 W bulb will be about ….. W.
2022
 An electrical bulb rate 220 V, 100 W, is connected in series with
another bulb rated 220 V, 60W. If the voltage across combination is
28 July - shift 2 220V, the power consumed by the 100 W bulb will be about ….. W.
2022

Ans: (14)
 Two coils require 20 minutes and 60 minutes respectively to produce
same amount of heat energy when connected separately to the same
source. If they are connected in parallel arrangement to the same
29 June - shift 1 source; the time required to produce same amount of heat by the
2022 combination of coils, will be ______ min.
 Two coils require 20 minutes and 60 minutes respectively to produce
same amount of heat energy when connected separately to the same
source. If they are connected in parallel arrangement to the same
29 June - shift 1 source; the time required to produce same amount of heat by the
2022 combination of coils, will be ______ min.

Ans: (15)
Meter bridge

Cell
 Galvanometer

It is a device which is
used to measure small
Currents.
Galvanometer
Ammeter
Ammeter
Voltmeter
Voltmeter
Potentiometer
 In a potentiometer arrangement a cell gives a balancing point at 75
cm length of wire. This cell is now replaced by another cell of
unknown emf. If the ratio of the emf’s of two cells respectively is 3 :
24 June - shift 1 2, the difference in the balancing length of the potentiometer wire in
2022 above two cases will be ________ cm.
 In a potentiometer arrangement a cell gives a balancing point at 75
cm length of wire. This cell is now replaced by another cell of
unknown emf. If the ratio of the emf’s of two cells respectively is 3 :
24 June - shift 1 2, the difference in the balancing length of the potentiometer wire in
2022 above two cases will be ________ cm.

Ans: (25)
A potentiometer wire is 100 cm long and a constant potential
difference is maintained across it. Two cells are connected in series
first to support one another and then in opposite directions. The
balance points are obtained at 50 cm and 10 cm from the positive end
of the wire in the two cases. The ratio of emf’s is

A 3:4

B 3:2

C 5:1

D 5:4
A potentiometer wire is 100 cm long and a constant potential
difference is maintained across it. Two cells are connected in series
first to support one another and then in opposite directions. The
balance points are obtained at 50 cm and 10 cm from the positive end
of the wire in the two cases. The ratio of emf’s is

A 3:4

B 3:2

C 5:1

D 5:4
A potentiometer is used to find the internal resistance of cell. The
null point comes 3 m when no external resistance is applied across
the cell. The null point length comes 2m when external resistance
100 Ω applied across the cell. Find the internal resistance of cell.
r = 50
 A potentiometer is used to find the internal resistance of cell. The
null point comes 3 m when no external resistance is applied across
the cell. The null point length comes 2m when external resistance
100 Ω applied across the cell. Find the internal resistance of cell.

Ans: (50)
 A cell, shunted by a 8 Ω resistance, is balanced across a
potentiometer wire of length 3m. The balancing length is 2 m when
the cell is shunted by 4Ω resistance. The value of internal resistance
27 June - shift 1 of the cell will be _____ Ω. HW
2022