Inglés Básico

LESSON N° 10

STORES AND RESTAURANTS

CAN: MODALS OF ABILITY

Un verbo modal es un tipo de

verbo auxiliar (de ayuda) que no
tiene significado por sí solo, pero
modifica el verbo principal,
cambia su significado y da más
detalles sobre la acción.

El verbo can es un verbo modal que se usa para expresar la idea de capacidad
u oportunidad, para la posibilidad o imposibilidad de que suceda un evento o
acción y para pedir o dar permiso.

El verbo modal can se usa como verbo auxiliar y tiene tres formas:

AFIRMATIVE

Subject + can + verb + complement

SUBJECT CAN VERB

I can work
You can work
He can work
She can work
It can work
We can work
You can work
They can work

EXERCISE

• SHE ____ ______

• IT ____ _______
• HE ____ _______

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NEGATIVE

Subject + cannot + verb + complement

can´t

CONTRACTION:
CAN NOT= CAN´T

SUBJECT CAN´T VERB

I can´t work

You can´t work

He can´t work

She can´t work

It can´t work

We can´t work

You can´t work

They can´t work

EXERCISE

• SHE ____ ______

• IT ____ _______
• HE ____ _______

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INTERROGATIVE

Can + subject + verb + complement?

CAN SUBJECT VERB QUESTION

MARK

Can I work ?

Can You work ?

Can He work ?

Can She work ?

Can It work ?

Can We work ?

Can You work ?

Can They work ?

Yes, I/you/he/she/it/we/they CAN.

No, I/you/he/she/it/we/they CAN´T.

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USE OF CAN

● Abilities (Habilidades) or possibilities

(posibilidades): Poder hacer algo, posibles
situaciones.

− She can play the piano.

− She cannot play the piano.
− Can she play the piano?
− My wife can go to Milan this summer.

● Requests (Peticiones): Para exigir algo.

− Can I take your order?

− Can I have an ice tea please?
− You can use my pen

MORE EXAMPLES

− Parks can be dangerous.

− Can we help you and your husband?

− We can stay at his place for a week!

− My children can go to the party.

− My children cannot go to the party.

− Ali can speak some words in Greek

− Can I go out with my friends, Mom?

− You can go out with your friends.

− Can you open the window for me, please?

− You can’t smoke in here

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VOCABULARY

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JOE´S FAMILY RESTAURANT

ENGLISH SPANISH Banana

Main courses Pear

Cheese burger Mixed Fruits

Double cheese Drinks

burger
Orange juice
Chicken curry with
rice Apple juice

Macaroni cheese Tea

Seafood salad Coffee

Egg salad Water

Fish and
mushroom pie

Pizza

Chicken pizza

Mushroom pizza

Four cheeses pizza

Meat pizza

Seafood pizza

Desserts

Ice cream

Banana cake

Fruit cake

Fruit

Apple

Orange

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EXERCISE
A. Write Can or Can't

1. I ______ only speak English. I don't know any other languages.

2. What sports _________ you play the best?

3. A dog __________ be man's best friend, but it can't help with the

chores.

4. Narrow-minded people _________ see the future very well.

5. Fish ___________ breathe outside the water.

B. Turn the given sentences into affirmative sentences, negative

sentences or questions.

1. Olivia can play the guitar. → negative sentence

_________________________________________

2. Can the girls play hockey? → affirmative sentence

________________________________________

3. Richard can play the trumpet. → question

________________________________________

4. Can she write with her left hand? → affirmative sentence

_______________________________________

5. He can write good stories. → negative sentence

_________________________________________

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LESSON N° 11

DEMONSTRATIVE ADJETIVE

This →☻ (éste, esto, ésta)

These →☻☻ (éstos, éstas)

That → ☻ (ese, eso, esa, aquel, aquello, aquella)

Those → ☻☻ (esos, esas, aquellos, aquellas)

● What’s this? (¿Qué es esto?)

It’s a ball It’s an alarm clock

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● Hey, what’s this?

It’s a cellphone

● What’s this?
It’s an iron.

Veamos ahora algunas presentaciones donde además practicaremos algunos

oficios:

● This is Ms Pérez. She is a doctor.

● This is Mr Smith. He is a teacher.

● These are Mary and Betty. Mary is a veterinarian.

Betty is a student.

Usos de los pronombres demostrativos this / that, these / those.

- Cuando preguntamos sobre pertenencia:

● Is this your wallet? (¿Es ésta tu billetera?)

Yes, it is / No, it is not.

● Are these your books? (¿Son éstos tus libros?)

Yes, they are / No, they are not.

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EXERCISE 1

COMPLETE WITH This/ That/ These/ Those

box peas

garden car

houses flowers

can man

shirts books

1. Put the pencil in____ box.

2. I do not want to eat _____peas.
3. Look a ______car on the road!
4. _______ garden is very nice.
5. Who lives in ______houses?

EXERCISE 2:

Put the words into the correct order.

1. are / new / jeans / those / my /.

2. that / digital camera / is / new /.

3. red scarf / is / this / a / .

4. my / these / books / are / .

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LESSON N° 12
POSSESSIVE NOUNS

Es la forma en que expresamos que algo pertenece a alguien. En español esta

idea es bastante fácil porque se usa la palabra “de” para expresar la
pertenencia. En inglés usamos un apóstrofe, por ejemplo, “el coche de Pedro”
en inglés será “Peter’s car”.

Entonces para formar el Genitivo sajón simplemente tenemos que añadir al

sustantivo un apóstrofo (') y luego la letra "s".

● My sister’s house. - La casa de mi hermana.

● Their son’s friends. - Los amigos de su hijo.
● Mary’s shoes. - Los zapatos de María.

● The boy’s toy. - El juguete del niño.

● The boy’s toys. - Los juguetes del niño. (El número
de los juguetes no importa)

Con sustantivos que acaban en “s” no se le agrega otra “s” sino simplemente el
“apostrophe” (‘).

● The boss’ office. - El despacho del jefe.

● Thomas’ new car is a Mercedes. - El nuevo coche de Tomás es un
Mercedes.

Los ejemplos anteriores se refieren a los sustantivos singulares. En el caso de

los sustantivos plurales solo añadimos el apóstrofe al final del sustantivo.

● The boy’s toy. (singular) - El juguete del niño.

● The boys’ toys. (plural boy+s) - Los juguetes de los niños.
● My parents’ house. - La casa de mis padres.

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Formas irregulares
Algunos sustantivos tienen formas irregulares en el plural, por
ejemplo man (singular) > hombre y men (plural) > hombres. Para demostrar la
posesión, solemos añadir 's al plural.

SINGULAR PLURAL NOUN

NOUN

my child's dog el perro de mi my children's el perro de mis niños

niño/niña dog

the man's car el coche del hombre the men's cars los coches de los
hombres

the woman’s el coche de la the women’s los coches de las

car mujer cars mujeres

a person's la ropa de una people's la ropa de la gente

clothes persona clothes

Possessive‘s or …of...
La estructura con 's no es la única manera de expresar posesión. Otra forma
es ... of ... Lo que determina su uso se explica a continuación;

Normalmente usamos 's cuando el Normalmente usamos --- of ...

sustantivo es una persona o animal. cuando el sustantivo no es una
-Andrew’s bedroom. persona.
El dormitorio de Andrés -The door of the room.
-Ann’s book. La puerta de la habitación.
El libro de Ana -The front of the car.
-The cat’s food. La parte delantera del coche.
La comida del gato.

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VOCABULARY
STORE
1. Bakery: Panadería
2. Bookstore: Librería
3. Cake shop: Pastelería
4. Chemist /Drugstore / Farmacy: Farmacia
5. Clothing store: Tienda de ropa
6. Coffee shop: Cafetería
7. Dry cleaner: Tintonería
8. Fish market: Pescadería
9. Gas station / Petrol station: Gasolinera
10. Hairdressing: Peluquería
11. hardware shop: Ferretería
12. Jewerly: Joyería
13. Laundry: Lavandería
14. Mall: Centro commercial (USA)
15. Market: Mercado
16. Music store: Tienda de música
17. Newsstand: Quiosco de periódicos
18. Perfumery: Perfumería
19. Pet shop: Tienda de animales
20. Shoe shop: Zapatería
21. Shopping center: Centro comercial (UK)
22. Souvenir shop: Tienda de souvenirs
23. Sports store: Tienda de deportes
24. Supermarket: Supermercado
25. Toy store: Juguetería
26. Travel agency: Agencia de viajes.

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EXERCISE 1

1. Sarah is___________aunt. (Emily)

2. These are our __________cats. (friends)

3. Let's meet at __________for lunch. (Giovanni)

4. Where is the ___________shower? (ladies)

5. This is our ___________car. (boss)

6. My __________dad is my uncle. (cousin)

7. Did you read __________newspaper? (yesterday)

8. __________and __________bags are black. (Jack – Joe)

9. Our grandparents live in an old ___________home. (people)

10. That sandwich would not be to ____________taste. (everyone)

11. This is ________book. (Peter)

12. Let's go to the _______. (Smiths)

13. The ___________room is upstairs. (children)

14. _____________sister is twelve years old. (John)

15. _________and ___________school is old. (Susan – Steve)

16. ____________shoes are on the second floor. (men)

17. My ____________car was not expensive. (parents)

18. ___________CD player is new. (Charles)

19. This is the ________bike. (boy)

20. These are the __________pencils. (boys)

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SPEAKING

WORK IN GROUPS OF TWO. REPEAT THE CONVERSATION.

-Tom: Hi Mary. How are you?

-Mary: I’m fine. A bit hungry, actually.
-Tom: Oh yeah. Can you cook?
-Mary: No, I can’t. Can you?
-Tom: Yeah, of course I can. I love cooking.
-Mary: What’s your favorite dish?
-Tom: My family is Italian, so I love making
pasta. Lasagna, spaghetti, all kinds of
pasta.
-Mary: Oh, that’s nice. Can you also make
pizza?
-Tom: I can, but it’s a lot of work. I prefer
to buy pizza.
-Mary: I love Italian food.
-Tom: You should come over for dinner sometime. I cook almost every
day.
-Mary: Sure, why not?

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LESSON N° 10
CAN: MODALS OF ABILITY LESSON

I. COMPLETE WITH “CAN” or “CAN'T”.

1. Where _______I see a good rock concert?

2. Can Edson speak French?

Yes, he _________.

3. Can Lucy drive?

Yes, she _______.

4. _________ you read in Portuguese?

Yes, I can.

5. Can I invite my friends?

Yes, they __________come.

6. __________ you help me, please?

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7. ___________ you play the piano?

Yes, I ________

8. I __________ find my keys. Where are

they?

II. CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER:

1. Can they run?

a. No, he can’t
b. No, it can’t
c. Yes, they can
d. Yes, he can

2. Can he run?

a. No, he can’t
b. No, she can’t
c. Yes, we can
d. Yes, he can

3. Can it jump?

a. No, it can’t
b. No, she can’t
c. Yes, we can
d. Yes, it can

4. Can it sing?

a. No, it can’t
b. No, she can’t
c. Yes, they can
d. Yes, it can

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5. Can it sing?

a. No, he can’t
b. No, it can’t
c. Yes, it can
d. Yes, he can

6. Can it fly?

a. No, it can’t
b. No, she can’t
c. Yes, we can
d. Yes, it can

7. Can they fly?

a. No, they can’t

b. No, it can’t
c. Yes, they can
d. Yes, it can

8. Can they read?

a. No, it can’t
b. No, they can’t
c. Yes, they can
d. Yes, it can

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LESSON Nº 11 EXERCISES
COMPLETE WITH THIS/ THAT/ THESE/ THOSE

I. COMPLETE WITH This/That/These/ Those

1. Look at _____________ newspaper here.

2. _____________photos here are much better than _____________

photos on the book.

3. Are _____________your pencils here?

4. __________is my friend Julie.

5. Who is ________? (On the telephone.)

6. ____________book (the one I’m holding) is really good.

7. _____________’s my brother, over there.

8. What are _____________(things near you)?

9. (On the telephone) ________________is (your own name).

10. I’m really enjoying ________________(experience that’s happening now).

II. CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER:

11. ____ is my car here.

a. This
b. That
c. These
d. Those

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12. ____ are my children over there in the park.

a. This
b. That
c. These
d. Those

13 ____ is my house over there.

a. This
b. That
c. These
d. Those

14. ____ are my children here.

a. This
b. That
c. These
d. Those

15. ____ bike over there is mine.

a. This
b. That
c. These
d. Those

16. Can I use ____ pencil here?

a. This
b. That
c. These
d. Those

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