Design Loads

The structural components of the building were designed based on the following
design loads:
1) Dead Load
a. Concrete 23.54 kN/m3
b. Structural Steel 77.00 kN/m3
c. Ceiling and Utilities 0.24 kPa
d. Partition 1.00 kPa
e. Floor finish and topping 1.20 kPa
f. Roofing, Purlins, Insulation 1.00 kPa

2) Live Load
a. Roof 0.75 kPa
b. Residential 1.90 kPa

3) Wind Load
Wind loads for Main Wind-Force Resisting System will based on the National
Structural Code of the Philippines
and shall be calculated for a given height by the following formula:
Low-Rise Building
Enclosed or Partially enclosed building which complies with the following formula:
1. Mean Roof Height, h , less than or equal to 18 meters
2. Mean Roof Height, h, does not exceed least horizontal dimension

P = qh[(GCpf)-(GCpi)]
qh = at mean roof height using Exposure C for all terrain

Building of all heights

P = qGCp - qh(GCpi)
q: qz - velocity pressure for windward wall at height z above ground
qh - velocity pressure for leeward wall, side walls and roof at mean roof height

Open buildings and other structures

Open buildings are structures having all walls atleast 80% open.
F = qzGCfAf
qz: velocity pressure at height z above ground
Where:
qz - velocity pressure as following formula, in kPa:
= 0.613KdKzKztV2
Kzt - Topographic factor as following formula
= ( 1 + K1K2K3)2
V - Basic Wind Speed
Kz - Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient and Gust Effect Factor
Gcpf - Product of equivalent external pressure coefficient and gust effect factor
Gcpi - Product of internal pressure coefficient and gust
G - Gust effect factor
Cp - External pressure coefficient
Cf - Force coefficient
Af - Projected Area normal to wind

Application of Pressures and Forces

Design pressure, p , shall be assumed to act in a direction normal to the surface
considered.
Design forces, F, shall be assumed to act on the gross structure or components and
cladding in accordance
with NSCP tables 207-6 through 207-10 and shall be considered to vary with respect
to height in accordance with the velocity pressure, qz.
Wind load parameters used:
Basic Wind Speed, V 250 KPH
Exposure Category B
Importance Factorm Iw 1.00
Occupancy Category IV
Gust Effect Factor, G 0.85
Topographic Factor, Kzt 1.00
Directionality Factor, Kd 0.85

Seismic Load
The seismic load is calculated based on the following design parameters:
Seimic Zone Factor, Z 0.40
Seismic Source Type A
Near Source Factor, Na 1.20
Near Source type, Nz 1.0
Exposure Category B
Importance Factor, I 1
Global Ductility Factor, R 4.50
T Cthn3/4
Seismic Response Coefficient, Cva 0.44Na NSCP T 208-7
Seismic Response Coefficient, Cv 0.64Nv NSCP T 208-8

The total design base shear in a given direction shall be determined from the
following formula:
V = CvIW/RT
And need not exceed the following:
V = 2.5CaIW/R
But shall not be less than the following:
V = 0.11CaIW
Nor less than the following:
V = 0.8ZNvIW/R