Harboufront Commission Meeting No.

41

Study of Coastal Hazards under Climate

Change and Extreme Weather and
Formulation of Improvement Measures –
Feasibility Study

24 June 2022
By Mr Alan TANG, CE/PW, Port Works Division, CEDD
 Major Comments from HC Members

To consider:
1. Multi-purpose and more appealing design of wave walls
2. Long-term and holistic planning of coastal developments
3. Overseas good practices for functional design
4. Robustness of demountable flood barriers
5. Implementation details of action plans
6. New technologies in typhoon alert system
7. Nature-based solution for coastal enhancement

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 Content

1. Strategy for Adapting to Coastal Risks

2. Identification of Coastal Areas to be Enhanced
3. Enhancement Measures
4. Way Forward

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 Study of Coastal Hazards under Climate Change and
Extreme Weather and Formulation of Improvement
Measures – Feasibility Study (Coastal Hazards Study)

 Assessing the impacts of extreme

weather and climate change on
coastal low-lying and windy areas

 Risk management approach

 Likelihood of coastal hazards and
severity of consequence
 Identify coastal low-lying and windy
areas more vulnerable to higher
potential risks

 Enhancement measures

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5
Climate Hazards - Extreme weather events

Temperature Rise

Sea Level Rise

Rainfall Increase Storm Surges Extreme Weather Events

6
 Climate Change Projection

• Intergovernmental Panel on Climate

Change (IPCC)
• IPCC’s Fifth and Sixth Assessment
reports (AR5, 2013 & AR6, 2021)
• Paris Agreement (2015) - to keep the
increase in global average temperature to
well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels
• COP26 meeting (2021) pledged to
achieve the Paris Agreement target

Projection of CO2 Emissions in Different Scenarios

(IPCC AR6)

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 Strategy For Adapting To Coastal Risks

Evaluation Method
 Extreme weather + Climate change effect
(100-year return period) (Sea level rise up to 2050 under intermediate
greenhouse gas emission scenario)

Significant
difference

Reference: The Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
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Progressive Adaptive Approach

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Risk-Management Approach
Risk Assessment - Likelihood x Consequence
Likelihood of Coastal Hazards
Coastal Flooding Wave Overtopping Structural Stability

Severity of Consequence
Population at Risk

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 26 Residential Areas for Enhancement
Kat O West Low-lying Areas
Sha Tau Kok Town (Kat O Fisherman Village)
(Chung Ying Street,
Kong Ha)

Yuen Long North West Low-

lying Coastal Areas (Sha Kiu Tai Po Market (near
Tsuen, Fu Tso Tsuen, Lau Fau Lam Tsuen River)
Shan, Hang Hau Tsuen,
Yuen Long Central Low-lying Sam Mun Tsai New Village, Tai Po
Sheung Pak Nai, Ha Pak Nai)
Areas (Tai Tseng Wai, Chung Hau
Yu Man San Tsuen, Shan Pui
Tsuen, Wang Chau, Yuen Long To Tau Wan Village,
Town Centre) Ma On Shan

Sai Kung Town Centre

Kar Wo Lei, and Tui Min Hoi
Tuen Mun
Sham Tseng San
Luen On San Tsuen, Tsuen
Tai Lam Nam Wai / Heung
Chung, Sai Kung

Tseung Kwan O South

Tung Chung Bay (Ma Wan Peng Chau West (Tseung Kwan O Waterfront Park)
Chung Village, Sha Tsui Areas (Nam Wan
Tau, Sha Lo Wan) San Tsuen)
Lei Yue Mun (Ma Wan
Kennedy Town, Sai Ying Tsuen, Sam Ka Tsuen)
Pun and Sheung Wan
Ma Po Tsuen and
Heng Fa Chuen
Chung Hau, Mui Wo

Shap Long and Cheung

Tai O
Sha Lower Village, South Horizons
Shek O Village
Lantau Island
Yung Shue Wan,
Lamma Island Pak Kan, Stanley
Cheung Chau
West Areas

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26 Residential Areas for Enhancement
13
 Enhancement Measures
 Make reference to overseas and local experience

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Lower Manhattan, New York - Enhancement Measures

Flood Wall

Raised Edge

15 Wave Wall Demountable Flood Barrier Raised Edge

 Multi-layered Enhancement Measures
Improvement Works
1 Constructing or raising wave walls along coastline

2 Installing fixed and/or demountable flood barriers at

suitable places behind coastline

3 Installing demountable flood barriers at building frontages

3 2 1
Management Measures
4 Action plans with early alert
system for areas with 2 / 3

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Measure 1 - Constructing / Raising Wave Wall
1. Constructing or raising wave wall along coastline
 To reduce coastal hazards

Tseung Kwan O Waterfront Park Ma Wan Tsuen, Lei Yue Mun

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Storerooms along Seafront in Storerooms along Seafront in
Milford on Sea, UK Living
MilfordSeawall
on Sea,inUK
Sydney Harbour
 Measures 2 and 3 - Flood Barriers

2. Fixed and/or demountable flood barriers behind coastline

 To cut off water pathway

3. Demountable flood barriers at

building frontages
 Self-protection

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 Examples of Demountable Flood Barriers
in Hong Kong

Heng Fa Chuen Playground Tai Ping Street, Tai O

South Horizons Resident Club Yat Chung Riverwall, Tai O

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 Management Measures
Action plans on early alert system and emergency
preparedness
 Triggering level of early alert system
 Sandbags and demountable flood gates
 Opening of temporary shelters and pumping facilities
 Emergency preparedness gangs

Provision of Sandbag at Setting Triggering Level of Early

Designated Locations Alert System

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 Action Plan – Early Alert System

HKO - Predict water level

N
Trigger Level
(Y/N)
Y

HKO - Issue the SMS to

relevant departments

- Notify local representatives - Execute

HAD - Activate sheltered centres
CEDD and DSD emergency
preparedness

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 Super Typhoon “Hato” / “Mangkhut” attacked
Kennedy Town, Sai Ying Pun and Sheung Wan
Sun Yat Sen Memorial Western District Public Cargo
Park, Sheung Wan Working Areas, Sai Ying Pun

New Praya,
Kennedy Town

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Recommended Enhancement Measures –
Kennedy Town, Sai Ying Pun and Sheung Wan
1. Constructing wave wall along the coastline; and/or
2. Installing fixed and/or demountable flood barriers at suitable places
behind the coastline to cut off water pathway towards inlands
Fixed and/or demountable measures
to reduce overtopping waves, to block
spreading of water from overtopping
waves and reduce the risk of damage
and associated flood risk
+4.4
+3.7
+4.2
+3.8
+4.0 +4.5

+3.5
+3.1
+3.6
+4.0
Sai Ying Pun +3.7
+4.4
Sheung Wan
+3.7

+3.4
+3.7

+4.9
Kennedy Town
Remark: The recommended enhancement measures are
25 indicative only and subjected to consultation and design.
30
 Super Typhoon “Hato” attacked Lei Yue Mun
Ma Wan Tsuen Ma Pui Tsuen

Sam Ka Tsuen Ma Pui Tsuen

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Recommended Enhancement Measures（Sam Ka Tsuen）
2. Installing demountable flood barriers at suitable places behind the coastline
to cut off water pathway towards inlands; and/or
3. Installing demountable flood barriers at building frontages

+4.8
+4.5
Lei Yue Mun
Existing Wave Praya Road
Wall
+4.3 +3.0 +5.0

Sam Ka Tsuen

+3.4
+11.6

Sam Ka Tsuen
+3.3
Demountable measures with
management measures to
Existing Coastal reduce the flooding risk and to
Structures improve public awareness of
being located at low-lying areas

+3.2

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Remark: The recommended enhancement measures are
indicative only and subjected to consultation and design.
 Recommended Enhancement Measures（Ma Wan Tsuen）
1. Constructing wave wall along the coastline; and/or
2. Installing demountable flood barriers at suitable places behind the coastline
to cut off water pathway towards inlands; and/or
3. Installing demountable flood barriers at building frontages

Fixed and/or demountable measures

to reduce overtopping waves, to block
spreading of water from overtopping
+2.1 +3.0 waves and reduce the risk of damage
and associated flood risk
+3.2
+4.3

Ma Wan Tsuen

+4.7
Construction of Public
Landing Facilities in Existing Wave Wall
progress Existing Coastal +3.6
Structures
Ma Pui Tsuen

+5.2
+3.3
+3.6 +4.9
+6.2

Between Ma Wan Tsuen Remark: The recommended enhancement measures are

33 and Ma Pui Tsuen indicative only and subjected to consultation and design.
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Innovation in Coastal Enhancement

Real-time water Special weather tips Electronic panel

level monitoring

Real-time wave monitoring Nature-based solution

Long-term planning
Strategic Planning Study against
Sea Level Rise and Extreme Rainfall

Study on Shoreline
Management Plan

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 Way forward

Collaborate with
Harbourfront
Commission

Monitor and review

Collaboration
climate change
among stakeholders
continuously

Enhance public
awareness and
education

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 Way forward

We should bear in mind !

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https://www.city-discovery.com/hong-kong/tour.php?id=656

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