DESIGN ELEMENT & PRINCIPLES

 Creation of space
 Screening
 Linkage
 Closure
 Privacy control
 Visual
 Aesthetic
CREATION OF SPACE
 OPEN SPACE
 SEMI-OPEN SPACE
 CANOPIED SPACE
 ENCLOSURE
 VERTICAL SPACE
Open space

Semi open

Canopy space
Enclosure space

Vertical space
SCREENING
 Screening is to conceal unattractive
object or scenes
 Plant materials as vertical barriers that
control views so that desirable point in the
landscape are observed while ugly points
are blocked.
LINKAGE
 This terms applies to plant materials that
finish the delineation (penegasan) of an
outdoor space by visually connecting
otherwise separate elements in the
landscape.
CLOSURE
 Completion of a spatial enclosure, that
has been almost articulated by a building
or enclosing wall.
 A space surrounded by a building or wall
on two or three sides can use plants for
closure or completion of the space.
PRIVACY CONTROL
 Itis similar to screening
 The technique of encircling a well-defined
area with plant of such a height that
views into and from the space are
prevented.
 Isolated the space from surrounding.
VISUAL
 PLANT SIZE
 PLANT FORM
 PLANT COLOUR
 FOLIAGE TYPE
 PLANT TEXTURE
 PLANT SIZE
 Large & intermediate trees
 Small trees & ornamental
 Tall shrubs
 Intermediate shrubs
 Low shrubs
 Ground covers
PLANT FORM
 Fastigiate & Columnar
 Spreading
 Rounded

 Pyramid
 Weeping
 Picturesque
PLANT COLOUR
FOLIAGE TYPE
PLANT TEXTURE
AESTHETIC
 COMPLEMENTORS
 UNIFIERS
 EMPHASIZERS
 ACKNOWLEDGERS
 SOFTENER
 VIEW ENFRAMEMENT
COMPLEMENTORS
UNIFIERS
EMPHASIZERS
ACKNOWLEDGERS
SOFTENER
VIEW ENFRAMEMENT
Conclusion
 To enhance creativity of our landscape
design, all these basic principles can be
used as our guideline.
 Creativity are limitless.
References
 Norman K. Booth, Basic Elements of
Landscape Architecture Design
 http://www.the-landscape-design-
site.com/principlesoflandscapedesign.ht
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