QUESTIONS PSYCHOLOGY UNITS 1 AND 2

1. During this period children are seen as small adults, fragile and less intelligent
a. Middle ages
b. Renaissance
c. Enlightenment
d. XIX century

2. Forefather of the positivist and naturalistic paradigm in pedagogy and psychology

a. Locke
b. Rousseau
c. Wertheimer
d. Aristotle

3. Author who treated the Feral child Victor of Aveyron

a. Pestalozzi
b. Vygotsky
c. Itard
d. Brunner

4. This author marks the origin of scientific psychology

a. Watson
b. Freud
c. Skinner
d. Wundt

5. The main drives in Freud's theory are

a. Self-preservation, aggression, and sex
b. Subconscious and preconscious
c. Id, ego, and super-ego
d. Dreams and free association

6. Defence mechanism whereby the subject blocks external events from awareness
a. Repression
b. Projection
c. Denial
d. Sublimation

7. According to Freud's theory, the id follows

a. The morality principle
b. The pleasure principle
c. The instinctive principle
d. The reality principle

8. The main conflict of the oral stage is

a. Authority vs. rebellion
b. Oedipus complex
c. Satisfaction vs. frustration
d. Repression vs. Projection

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 9. This author defends that psychology should only study observable behaviour
a. Freud
b. Watson
c. Piaget
d. Vygotsky

10. This theory defends that development is the same as learning

a. Cognitive processing
b. Behaviourism
c. Social constructivism
d. Passive development

11. In Pavlov's experiment the unconditioned stimulus is

a. The food
b. The bell before the experiment
c. The bell after the experiment
d. The salivation

12. A parent rewards a child for completing his chores with a piece of candy. This is an
example of…
a. Positive punishment
b. Positive reinforcement
c. Negative punishment
d. Negative reinforcement

13. A parent pays less attention to his child’s activities when she receives good grades.
a. Positive reinforcement
b. Negative reinforcement
c. Positive punishment
d. Negative punishment

14. The temporal limitations of development cannot be explained by

a. Freud's theory
b. Piaget's theory
c. Skinner's theory
d. Vygotsky’s theory

15. Every function in development appears twice: 1º, social level, and 2º individual level
a. Zone of proximal development
b. Observational learning
c. Double formation law
d. Maturation

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1. The APGAR sale measures appearance, pulse, grimace
a. Activity and reflexes
b. Visual acuity and reflexes
c. Activity and respiration
d. Visual acuity and respiration

2. A newborn will turn its head toward anything that strokes its cheek or mouth searching for it
a. Rooting reflex
b. Babkin reflex
c. Grasping reflex
d. Moro reflex

3. The fact that children control their arms before being able to control their hands is explained
with
a. Cephalocaudal principle
b. Proximocaudal principle
c. Proximodistal principle
d. Cephalodistal principle

4. The coordination of muscles involved in locomotion and balance is called

a. Distal psychomotor skills
b. Fine psychomotor skills
c. Gross psychomotor skills
d. Proximal psychomotor skills

5. At the age of four months most children are able to

a. Sit with support
b. Stand up with help
c. Sit without support
d. Crawl

6. The lest developed sense at birth is

a. Hearing
b. Sight
c. Smell
d. Touch

7. The main advance of the preoperational thought is

a. reversibility
b. circular reactions
c. symbolic representation
d. conservation

8. According to the Piaget’s theory intelligence and language

a. Are not related
b. Language appears first
c. Intelligence appears first
d. Always appear together
9. The first acquired adaptations of the sensorimotor stage appear in
a. Substage 1
b. Substage 2
c. Substage 3
d. Substage 4

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10. The main critics to Piaget’s ideas about object permanence have to do with
a. The main concepts of the theory
b. Development of symbolic thought
c. The tasks used to measure it
d. The different performance in different cultures

11. The preparatory intelligence allows children to

a. Work with abstractions and hypothesis
b. Apply propositional logic to solve problems
c. Work with different actions at the same time
d. Understand invariance despite perceptive differences

12. The main achievement of preparational thought is

a. Reversible thought
b. Hypothetical thought
c. Abstract thought
d. Symbolic thought

13. The conservation tasks are solved at

a. Sensorimotor stage
b. Concrete operations stage
c. Preoperational stage
d. Formal operations stage

14. The tendency to focus on only one aspect of a situation at one time is called
a. Reversibility
b. Statism
c. Centration
d. Equilibration

15. Children confuse events that happen in their minds, such as dreams, with objective reality
a. Animism
b. Artificialism
c. Realism
d. Intentionalism

16. A scheme that integrates knowledge about physical relationship between objects is called
a. Scene
b. Story
c. Event
d. Movie
17. Repetition as a memory strategy is systematically used when children are
a. 4
b. 5
c. 6
d. 7

18. The main symbolic instruments are

a. Logic, infralogic and hypothesis
b. assimilation and accommodation
c. imitation and motor reproduction

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 d. drawing, play and language

19. State in drawing development when children draw meaningless lines and add meaning
afterwards
a. Fortuitous realism
b. objective representation
c. failed realism
d. randomised realism

20. Process in which a speech segment is changed due to the influence of a previous 1
a. Structural simplification
b. Regressive assimilation
c. Substitution
d. Progressive assimilation

21. Agrammatical language

a. Misses articles and prepositions
b. Introduces coordinate sentences
c. Uses only singular person as subject
d. Appears typically between 18 and 24 months

22. The ability to decenter appears when children reach the stage
a. Preoperational
b. Sensory motor
c. Concrete operations
d. Formal operations

23. Understanding that changes in 1 dimension can be offset by changes in another 1

a. Inversion
b. Reversibility
c. Compensation
d. Decenter

24. Universal physical changes, caused by hormonal mechanisms during the second decade of life
a. Teenager
b. Puberty
c. Youth
d. Adolescence