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9
Science
Quarter 3, Week 6 -7 Module 5
Climate Change, El Niño, La Niña
and Global Warming

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

Science- Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3, Week 6 -7 Module 5: (Climate Change, El Niño, La Niña,
and Global Warming)
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education – Division of Iligan City

Schools Division Superintendent: Roy AngeloL. Gazo, PhD.,CESO V

Development Team of the Module

Author/s: Denevie D. Patolen & JudithaA.Valdehueza
Reviewers: _Estrella M. Landero, Juliet Abrinica, Evelyn Waperi
Language Evaluator: Martina M. Bahian
Illustrator and Layout Artist: Reign Christine Olive D. Patolen
Management Team

Chairperson: : Roy Angelo E. Gazo, PhD, CESO V

Schools Division Superintendent

Co-Chairpersons: Nimfa R. Lago,PhD, CESE

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Members: Henry B. Abueva OIC-CID Chief

Ann Q. Solijon, EPS-Science
Sherlita L. Daguisonan, LRMS Manager
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Office Address: General Aguinaldo, St., Iligan City
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E-mail Address: iligan.city@deped.gov.ph
 9
Science
Quarter 3, Week 6 -7, Module 5
Climate Change, El Niño, La Niña
and Global Warming

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed

by select teachers, schoolheads, EducationProgram Supervisor in Science of
the Departmentof Education – Division of Iligan City. We encourage teachers
and other education stakeholders to email their feedback, comments, and
recommendations to the Department of Education – Iligan City Division at
iligan.city@deped.gov.ph.or Telefax (063) 221-6059

We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

This page is intentionally blank
 Table of Contents

What This Module is About ............................................................................................... i

What I Need to Know ........................................................................................................ ii
How to Learn from this Module ........................................................................................ .ii
Icons of this Module ......................................................................................................... iii

What I Know ................................................................................................................... iii

Lesson 1:
(Climate Change)
What I Need to Know ………………….…………………….…………….…...1
What‘s In ……………………………………………………….…...….….……2
What’s New……………………………………….………………….……….. ...3
What Is It …………………………………………………..…………….……4-5
What’s More…………………………………….…………………….………6-7
What I Have Learned …………………………………………………………..8
What I Can Do …………………………………………………………………..9

Lesson 2:
(EL Niño,La Niña and Global Warming)
What I Need to Know……….…………………………………………………10
What’sIn ….……………………………………………………………...…….10
What‘s New…………………………………………………..………………..11
What is it...............................................................................................12-14
What’s More……………………………………………………………...……15
What I Have Learned ………………………………………………..………..16
What I Can Do ………………………………………………………..……….17

Summary...…………………………………………...……………………………………….……..18-19
Assessment: (Post-Test).................................................................................................20-21
Key Answers……………………………………………………………………………………....22-23
References ………………………………………………………………………………………………24
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What This Module is About

This module aims to guide you in discussing what climate change is, tocite activities
that reduce the risk and harmful effects of climate change, differentiate El Niño and La
Niña, mention ways on how to adapt these two events, to discuss global warming , how it
drives climate change and to lessen global warming.

What I Need to Know

At the end of this module, you should be able to:

Describe certain climatic phenomena that occur on a global

Level. (Code S9ES-IIIf-31)

i
 How to Learn from this Module
To achieve the objectives cited above, you aregoing to do the following:
• Take your time reading the lessons carefully.
• Follow the directions and/or instructions in the activities and exercises diligently.
• Answer all the given tests and exercises.

Icons of this Module

What I Need to This part contains learning objectives that

Know are set for you to learn as you go along the
module.

What I know This is an assessment as to your level of

knowledge to the subject matter at hand,
meant specifically to gauge prior related
Knowledge
What’s In This part connects previous lesson with that
of the current one.

What’s New An introduction of the new lesson through

various activities, before it will be presented
to you

What is It These are discussions of the activities as a

way to deepen your discovery and under-
standing of the concept.

What’s More These are follow-up activities that are in-

tended for you to practice further in order to
master the competencies.

What I Have Activities designed to process what you

Learned have learned from the lesson

What I can do These are tasks that are designed to show-

case your skills and knowledge gained, and
applied into real-life concerns and situations.

ii
What I Know (PRETEST//POST-TEST)
Multiple Choice: Read each statement carefully. Encircle the letter of the BEST answer.
1. The following are effects of climate change, EXCEPT:
A. There will be wild fires that causedamageto forested areas.
B. Typhoons are becoming more likely and dangerous.
C. Drought and famineare possible.
D. Change in weather and climatic pattern will not occur.
2. What is the most appropriate definition of climate change?
A. Climate change refers to significant changes in precipitation, wind patterns
and other measures of climate that occur over several decades or longer.
B. Climate change refers to significant changes in global temperature,
precipitation, wind patterns and other measures of climate that occur over a
certain period of time.
C. Climate change refers to significant changes in global temperature,
precipitation, wind patterns and other measures of climate that occur over a
short period of time.
D. Climate change refers to significant changes in global temperature,
precipitation, wind patterns and other measures of climate that occur over
several decades or longer.
3. Which of the following situations shows the effect of climate change?
A. Birds lay eggs at the right time of the year.
B. Hibernation of some animals happen at the usual time.
C. There will be no changes in the migration patterns of birds.
D. Some species of plants bloomed earlier than expected.
4. What is being referred to as the change in regular climatic pattern?
A. Enhanced greenhouse effect C. Global warming
B. Climate change D. Carbon footprint
5 What action/s can reduce the effect of climate change?
A. Adopt a plant-based diet
B. Travelling by airplane
C. Cutting down of trees to be used in furniture-making.
D. Using defective charger than buying a new one.
6. How can we lessen the effect of climate change?
A. Through conversion of forest/trees for other land purposes.
B. Intensive farming to produce crops.
C. Using incandescent light bulb in homes.
D. Reducing energy demand.
7. Which of the following will most likely happen if climate change becomes worse?
E. Expanding of glaciers
F. Forest will be conserved.
G. Heavy rains or typhoons seldom happen.
H. There will be an extensive forest fires, drought and heat waves.
8. Which is true about climate change?
A. Climate change is man-made. C. It is a natural occurrence.
B. It is not real.D. Climate change cannot affect plants
and animals.

iii
9. Which of the following is the cause of La Niña?
A. Cooling of water in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of South America.
B. Cooling of water in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of South America.
C. Warm water in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of South America.
D. Cooling water off the Atlantic coast of the US.
10. It refers to the abnormal and lengthy warming in the eastern part of thePacificOcean.
A.El Niño C. Climate change
B. La Niña D. Monsoon
11. Which of the following is NOT an effect of El Niño?
A.Heavy precipitation C. Drought
B.Massive storms D. Stronger thunderstorms
12. The La Niña in the Philippines will cause_____________________ weather
A. Cool and wet C. Cool and dry
B. Warm and dry D. Warm and wet
13. Which of the following is a greenhouse gas?
A. Nitrogen C. Carbon monoxide
B. Carbon dioxide D. Carbonic acid
14. Which of the following is an indication of global warming?
A. Rising of sea level C. Constant erosion
B. Moderate waves on the ocean D. Decrease in global temperature
15.Which statement best describesa greenhouse effect?
A. When more light is let into the atmosphere
B. When heat is retained in the atmosphere.
C. When less light is let into the atmosphere
D. When heat is kept out of the atmosphere.

iv
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 Lesson Climate Change
1
What I Need to Know
At the end of this module, you will be able to describe certain climatic
phenomena that occur on a global level;

Learning objectives:

1. Define climate change.

2. Discuss the causes and effects of climate change.
3. Suggest ways to lessen the effects of climate change.

1
 What’s In

What are the greenhouse gases? How do these gases affect our atmosphere?Consider this
activity.
Activity 1:
Crossword Puzzle: Try to check your knowledge. Find the answers to the crossword puzzle
inside the box.
Global warming Greenhouse gases Fossil fuels Earth
Carbon dioxide Water vapour Halocarbons Methane
Ozone Nitrous oxide Climate

Across: Down
2- the worst greenhouse gas which 1- the increasein earth’s atmospheric
plays an important role in regulating temperature
climate
3- responsible for what is so-called
4- the name of our planet
greenhouse effect
6- emissions come from 5- considered a greenhouse gas,
combustion of fossil fuels protecting us from damaging sun
8- the main source of this greenhouse rays,effect are usually local than global
gas is the use of synthetic fertilizer
7- is the long-term average weather
in agricultural activities
10- includes CFC’s which were once 9- emission comes from raising livestock
used as refrigerants in air and farming
conditioners and refrigerators
11- the energy sources you burn

Crossword Puzzle.
1 3
4
5 7
9
6

10

11

Carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane, water vapor, ozone and halocarbons (which include
chlorofluorocarbons) are the greenhouse gases that are responsible for the existence of life
on Earth, since without these gases, Earth will be at freezing point and life won’t be possible.
But, what happensif the concentration of these gases in the atmosphere will be beyond the
normal concentration? This will lead to a phenomenon known as global warming or
enhanced greenhouse effect. Greenhouse effect is the process by which radiation from the
sun is absorbed by the greenhouse gases and not reflected back into space .What do you
think will happen if this global warming won’t be given attention or action? Now that you have
learned the greenhouse gases and their contribution to global warming, then, consider this
next activity.

What’s New
Activity 2 : Spot the difference
I. Objective:

1. Define climate change.

A B
1.) List down at least 2 differences you see in pictures A and B.
1.._________________________________________________________
2._________________________________________________________

2.) Which of the illustrations above clearly defines climate change? (Illustration A or B),.___
3.) The box below contains words that describe a normal climate condition and a prevailing
climate change. Select the word/s or phrase/s that describe/s or define/s each illustration
above by writing the words on the respective columns on the table below.
Intense heat extreme drought withered plants
Lower temperature green grasses falling leaves
High temperature abundant plant species normal heat index

A B
1. 1.
2. 2.
3. 3.
4. 4.
5. 5.

3
The climate of the Earth has changed throughout the history and this is all because of the
different activities conducted by human beings who are the greatest contributors of global
warming.If these activities will go on and if this condition will not be given immediate
attention or solution,it will progress to climate change which will cause adverse effects to the
environment and in turn, pose danger to all living things in this planet.

What is it
What is climate change? Is it real? Is itman-made? a natural occurrence? Or is
it only a product of human imagination? These questions are commonly asked when we talk
about climate change.

Climate change,has something to do with significant changes in global temperature,

precipitation, wind patterns and other measures of climate that occur over several decades
or longer. .
What are the causes of climate change and who will be affected withits effects. Study
the concept map below.

Deforestation &
Burning fossil Intensive farming
conversion of forest/ Other human
fuels to produce crops
trees for other activities
& livestock raising
other land purposes

-Causes-

Global Warming

If no action given, it will lead to

Climate change

Which will have

-Effects-
on

Melting of
Human health Plants Animals Alter
polar ice &
precipitation
glacier

-changing -drought
-inhibits
Occurrence of growth migrationmigration -drowning -heat waves
new and & alters patterns of animals -wildfires
wide-Spread -hibernation & -rising sea -extreme winter
fruiting
diseases nesting behaviour level -storm/typhoon
behaviour
of some species -hurricane
4
 Based on the concept map, can you now define climate change in your own words?
Therefore, we can say that climate change is the change in the usual temperature or the
rise in average surface temperature on Earth due to some factors such as human activities.

Our planet’s diversity of life is at risk from the changing climate. Climate change poses
fundamental threat to the places, species and even to people’s health and livelihood. So,
what can we do to help lessen these effects? What are the activities that reduce the risks
and harmful effects of climate change?Here are some things to consider:

Actions that help lessen the effect of Climate Change

1.Reduce carbon emission -practice walking in short distances

2. Conservation of energy
3. Implementation of the 3 R's (Reduce,
recycle and reuse)
-use sustainable transportation such as
bicycle or use public transportation
-cut down unimportant use of energy at home,
unplug appliances when not in use.
-Reduce, recycle and reuse
-recycle recyclable materials,not all trash at
home will be send into incineration plant
or dump into dumping sites

4. Adopt a plant-based diet -increase your food and vegetable consumption

5. Use of renewable energy at home
6.Preservation of Forest
7.Educate People
8.Energy efficient homes
9. Stop Overpopulation
-livestock is one of the biggest contaminators of
the atmosphere so by not eating meat products/
reducing meat consumption it can lessen
carbon emission
-renewable energy often referred to as clean
energy, comes from natural sources or pro-
cesses such as installing solar panels in your
your roof to generate electricity
-avoid illegal logging instead plant more trees,
remember that forest is considered as the
home of some organisms, throughout its life a
single tree can absorb up to a ton of CO2
-All efforts done in lessening the effect of
climatechange will be useless if people don’t
have knowledge how to take care of our
environment, the best way is to educate them
about the dangers of climate change and how
to act againstit.
-having an energy efficient home is beneficial
since it offers a lot opportunities like it can save
money, energy and reduce
greenhouseemission
-Since carbon emission is being measured per
capita so overpopulation must be
stopped/controlled because bigger population
will also mean greater emission of carbon

5
What’s More
Activity 3:Cause and effect of Climate Change

Direction: Write the word cause, if you think the statement describes the cause of climate
change and effect if the statement describes effect, in the given situations below.
__________1. Affects turtle nesting sites
__________2. Changing migration patterns of some species of birds
__________3. Rising sea levels
__________4. Burning of fossil fuels
__________5 Raising of livestock
__________6. Too much carbon emission
__________7. Health of people will be affected
__________8. Large or overpopulation
__________9. Stunted plant growth
_________10. Causes extreme weather

True or False. Read each statement carefully and choose the answer by checking the
box(/) that corresponds to your answer.

1. Low carbon diet helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

True False
1. Consuming locally grown foods and importing foods are just the same, both can emit
the same amount of carbon to the atmosphere.
True False
2. Increasing population will also mean increasing carbon emission.
True False
3. Each individual is not responsible for the increasing amount of carbon emission.
True False
4. Buying items that are made from recycled materials is one way of reducing
carbon emission.
True False
5. The direct cause of a rising sea level is climate change.
True False
7. Eating a plant-based diet is one way of reducing the effect of climate change.
True False
8. Water vapour is not considered as a greenhouse gas.
True False
9. Human activities have the greatest contribution to this greenhouse gas.
True False
10. Climate change is heating the world evenly.
True False

6
 Activity 6:Let’s Fight Climate Change!

I. Objective:
1. Suggest ways to lessen the effect of climate change.

Write in the blank a( ) IF the picture/s demonstrate/s action/s to lessen the effect of
climate change, and (X), IF the picture/sdoes not demonstrate/s action/s to lessen the
effect of climate change.

2.____
1.____
____

4.-------
3. _____ 5._____
_______
_
__

8.-------
____
7.____
6.____
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____ 10.___
_ __

9.___
__ 7
What I Have Learned

Complete the concept map below.

1 2 3 Other activities

Causes
4

If no action given will lead to

5
Which will have
Effects
on

6 7 8
Animals Melting of polar
ice and glacier

9 -Changing migration 10 -Drought

Occurrence patterns. -Heat waves
of new and -Hibernation and -Wildfires
wide-spread nesting behaviour -Extreme winter
diseases of some species -Storm/typhoon
-Hurricane

8
 What I can do

1. Make a poster on how you can help lessen the effects of climate change .
2. Refer to the guidelines below.

Guidelines in poster-making:
1. Use a ¼ illustration board , no border
2. Use only a black-ink marking pen and oil pastel

Rubrics in poster-making

Name:____________________________________Grade&Section____________________

Category 20 15 10 5 Score

Content is very Content is Content is Content is

accurate, accurate with irrelevant to irrelevant to
concept is fully sufficient the topic with the topic with
presented & explanation, less poor
Content properly there is explanation, explanation,
explained, connection use of one or no resources
(60%) there is with the topic two resources at all
connection but need to be only
with the topic, enhanced, use
has an of varied
excellent use resources
of resources

The poster is The poster is The poster Is The poster

Creativity exceptionally creative but creative but does not
& Design creative fewer ideas some ideas reflect any
(20%) containing a lot presented are not degree of
of ideas presented well creativity

The poster is The poster is The poster is The poster is

exceptionally attractive in acceptably not attractive,
Attractiveness attractive in terms of attractive very cluttered
terms of design, lay-out though and poorly
(20%) design, lay-out and neatness may be a bit designed
and neatness cluttered

Total (100%)

9
 Climatic Phenomena-El Niño,
Lesson La Niña and Global Warming
2
What I need to know

1. Differentiate El Niño and La Niña.

2. Determine the effects of global warming.

What’s In

Are you aware of the world-wide issue on climate change? The weather-
affecting interactions between the ocean and the atmosphere are what we call El Niño and
La Niña.

Activity 1

Direction:
Determine if the statement below is a cause or an effect of climate change. Write
C - if it is a cause andE - if it is an effect, on the space before each number.

___________1.The rise of sea level.

___________2. Spread of disease such as mosquito-borne malaria.

___________3. Stronger typhoon.

___________4. Melting of ice caps and glaciers.

___________5. Flooding in Metro Manilaand other provinces.

___________6. Extinction of some species.

___________7. Greenhouse gases.

___________8. Deforestation.

___________9. Burning of fossil fuels.

__________10. Buying less efficient appliances and cars.

10
 What‘s New

What is the difference between El Niño and La Niña?

Sea Surface Temperature

Figure 1: Normal Sea Surface TemperatureFigure 2: Sea Surface temperature during an El

Niño

Changing Conditions in the Pacific Ocean

Figure 3: Normal Condition Figure 4: Conditions during El Niño

• Figure 1. Shows the temperature of the surface of the sea under normal
conditions. Warm water is shaded in redcolor,while cool water isshaded
inblue color
• Figure 2. Shows the temperature of the surface of the sea during El Niño.
• Figure 3. Shows Normal conditions in the Pacific Ocean.
• Figure 4. Shows conditions during El Niño in the Pacific Ocean.

11
 Activity 2

Objective:
Differentiate El Niño and La Niña.
Materials:
Activity Sheet Paper and Pen (Figures 1-4)
Procedure:
1. Carefully analyze the figures shown in 1-4.
2. Complete the table below by choosing the correct answer found in the
firstcolumn.

Climatic Condition Water temperature Trade winds Sea Level

(warm/cold/normal) (strong/weak/normal) (high/low/normal)
Normal
El Niño
La Niña

What’s it

Aside from the impact of climate change,we still have two cyclic events, The El
Niño andtheLa Niña.

Basic information about El Niño:

- Abnormal and lengthy warming in the eastern part of Pacific Ocean.
- Occursat irregular intervals of two to seven years and lasts for nine months or two years at
most.
- Starts at the end of the year during the Christmas season.
Events during the occurrence of El Niño:
- Trade winds move from west to east as they collect warm air
- When trade winds are weakened, they cause the piling-up of warm surface water and
make the part of the Pacific Ocean warmer leading to the El Niño phenomenon.
- Happens when the upwelling of colder water is blocked by the large quantities of warm
surface water.
La Niña is the opposite climatic disturbance to El Niño.
• This natural phenomenon may, but does not always, follow El Niño events.
• It may last for nine to twelve months but in some cases, it lasts for two years.
• This event is triggered by the cooling of the eastern part of the Pacific Ocean.
• Trade winds that move from east to west are strengthened.
.
These PhenomenaEl Niño and La Niña can’t be prevented from occurring but we can predict
when they occur.
Scientistscan predict the onset of the El Niño and the La Niña several months to a year in
advance, by using the Modern Climate Model which constantly monitors changing conditions in
the ocean andtheatmosphere

12
The following ways should be adapted during these two cyclicevents:

1. During El Niñ0, there should be an advance forecast, with high level of awareness, that
enables governments, commercial sectors, and humanitarian agencies to create contingency
plans to better prepare for the impacts:
• In places receiving below normal amount of rainfall,they can prepare to avoid risk of
wildfires enhanced drought and to anticipate low food supply.
• In water managementoptions in anticipation ofreduced amountof rainfall.
• In agriculture sector, advicecan be given to the farmers to adjust planting time and crop
varieties.
• Giving more information into disease and management plans, to help people cope
withhealth problems during floods, such as risk of contractingdiarrhea and mosquito-
borne diseases.

2. During La Niña, here are 5 Post Typhoon Safety Precautions:

1. Wait to enter damaged building

- Stay out of all damaged structure until local emergency officials
have expressed that it’s safe to enter.

2.Wear proper shoes and clothing

-Wear long sleeves andpants – as well as gloves and work boots
or sturdy shoes to avoid injuries from stray nails and other
hazardous debris.

3Shut off gas and electrical power

-If you suspect that there is damage in your home, shut off electrical
power, natural gas and propane tank to prevent fire, electrocution and
explosion. Use battery powered flashlight to see in the dark. Don’t use
candles.

4.Delay use of tap water

-Avoid drinking tap water or using tap water to prepare food until
you are sure that it has not been contaminated

5. Stay away from downed power lines, and report them to the police
and your utility company as possible.

Source:https://www.laniñareadynations

13
A global warming occurs when:
• Carbon dioxide (CO2) and other air pollutants, greenhouse gases collect in the
atmosphere, absorb sunlight and solar radiation that have bounced-off the
earth’s surface.
• Normally, this radiation would escape into space, but these pollutants, which
can last for years to centuries in the atmosphere, trap the heat and cause the
planet to get hotter. That what’s known as the greenhouse effect.

Greenhouse effect:
• is the warming of the earth’s surface and lower atmosphere that
tends to intensify with an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide,
• the atmosphere allows a large percentage of the rays of visible light from
the sun to reach the earth’s surface and heat it.
• A part of this energy is radiated by the earth’s surface in the form of long-
wave infrared radiation, much of which is absorbed by molecules of carbon
dioxide and water vapor in the atmosphere and which is reflected back to
the surface as heat.

The Greenhouse Gases:

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is one of the major pollutants in the atmosphere. Major sources of
CO2 are fossil fuels burning and deforestation.
- Sulfur and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
Sulfur dioxide is reduced by combustion of sulfur-containing fuels, such as coal
and fuels oils. Also, in the process of producing sulfuricacid and in metallurgical
process involving ores that contain sulfur.
- N20 – nitrous oxide
Comes from nitrogen-based fertilizers, deforestation, and biomass burning
- Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
Chlorofluorocarbon, also known as Freonwhich is a substance used in refrigeration
and air-conditioning, isa greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming.
- Methane (CH4)
Methane emission results from livestock and other agricultural practices and by the
decay of organic waste in solid waste landfill.
- Ozone is a natural gas composed of three atoms of oxygen. Its chemical symbol is
O3 .It is blue in color and has a strong odor. Environmental scientists have classified
O3 into two: Good Ozone (filter ultra violet rays) and Bad Ozone (as pollutants).
14
What ‘s More
Activity 3 – Heat……. Its Effect.
Objective:
1. Determine the effect of global warming thatleads to climate change.

Direction: Match the picture in column 1 with the information in the box in column 11.

1 11

Loss of sea ice and

melting of The
_________________ .
Greenland ice sheet
. A 1
in the arctic,
thusresult to flooding
in the lowlands and
rising of sea level.

Evaporation of water
into the atmosphere
B 2 from land and water
surface.

_________________ .

Warmer, drier
condition is
C 3
aggravating the
increase in wildfire risk.

_________________ .

An increase in the
average annual
D 4 amount of rain and
snow.

15
Activity 4: Write T if the statement is true and F if the statement is false.

_____1.It is rightful to check your belongings after the heavy floods.

_____2. Prediction of El Niño is impossible.
_____3. During El Niño, places receiving below normalamount ofrainfall have the risk of
wildfires
_____4.Adjusting planting time and crop varieties is one way to adapt to El NiñoPhenomena.
_____5. In the absence of battery-powered flashlight, candles are the bestsubstitute.
_____6. During La Niña more fish to catch.
_____7.Using tap water to prepare food is safe duringthe La Nina.
_____8. Possible drought may result to low food supply.
_____9.Weather disturbances like stronger thunderstorms and massive storms are the impacts
of ElNiño.
_____10. During La Niña, the trade winds that move from east to west are strengthened.

What I have learned

You have reached the peak of this lesson. Recall all of them.
Choose the word inside the box and write it in the blank provided before the number.
The jumbled word is the clue.

El Niño Trade winds Ozone

La Niña Sea Level Climatologist
Greenhouse effect Water temperature Methane
Global warming

1.1. A natural gas which is composed of three

ENOZO
atoms of oxygen
2.2. Measures the global warming rate. TSIGOLOTAMILC
3 3.When ice caps and glaciers melt, it result to
AES VELLE
rise of _________.
4.4. The abnormal and lengthy warming in the LE
eastern part of the Pacific Ocean. ONIÑ
5.5. The winds that flows toward the equator
from northeast in the Northern Hemisphere, it SDNIW EDART
also known as tropical easterlies.
6.6. Emission result from livestock and other
agricultural practices and by decay of organic ENAHTEM
waste.
7.7. During El Niño, the _____ of Pacific Ocean ERUTAREPMET
are warmer than average temperature. RETAW
8.8. It refers to the increased atmospheric GNIMRAW
temperature. LABOLG
9.9. This event triggered by the cooling of the AÑIN
eastern part of the Pacific Ocean. AL
10. Refers to the warming of the earth’s
surface and lower atmosphere that tends to TCEFFE
intensify with an increase in atmospheric ESUOHNEERG
CO2
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 What I can Do
Refer to the Activity on Lessening the Effects ofGlobal Warming.

Direction: Check (✓) the statement if it is a good practice. Mark (x) ifit’sbad.

_____1. Pete‘s house is 150 km. away from school. He walks everyday.
_____2. Deforestation is rampant in the villages, they have their landconvertedinto livelihood.
--------3. Eating more meat.
_____4. Buying cheaper appliances but less efficient.
_____5. Unplugging of appliances and gadgets when not in use.
_____6. Increase in population.
_____7. Using electricity to power some car,
_____8. Improvised cement-making by using alternative materials for heating the kiln.
_____9.Invest in companies engaging in the production and storage/consumption of
carbon.
____10. Planting more trees.

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Summary
• Climate change is the change in the usual temperature or the rise in average surface
temperature on Earth due to some factors such as human activities.

• Human population is one of the contributors of carbon emission.

• The bigger the population size, the larger the emission.

• Climate change does not only affect people but as well as the lower forms of
organisms such as plants and animals.

• Aside from environmental effects, climate change also affects people’s health.

• Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are considered one of the main causes of Earth’s
climate change.

• Human activities have the greatest contribution to greenhouse gases.

• Different actions are being identified to help lessen the outcome of climate change
such as the following: reduction of carbon emission , conservation of energy,
implementation of the 3 R's, adoption of a plant-based diet or a low-carbon diet,
supply power to homes with renewable energy, preservation of forest, education of
people to make homes energy efficient.

• El Niño happens when the temperature in eastern Pacific rises above normal.

• La Niña happens when the temperature in eastern Pacific decreases below normal.

• Drought, smaller catch fish, more rainfall inland and massive storms are global
effects of El Niño

• Global warming is a potential increase in the average global atmospheric

temperatures resulting from the greenhouse effect.

• Greenhouse effect is the warming of the earth’s surface and lower atmosphere that
tends to intensify with an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide.

• Greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, ozone gas, nitrous oxide, and
chlorofluorocarbons (CFCS) also known as Freon, trap heat from the atmosphere.

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 Deforestation &
Burning fossil Intensive farming
conversion of forest/ Other human
fuels to produce crops
trees for other activities
& livestock raising
other land purposes

-Causes-

Global Warming

If no action given will lead to

Climate change

Which will have

-Effects-
on

Melting of
Human health Plants Animals Alter
polar ice &
precipitation
glacier

-inhibits -changing migration -drought

Occurrence of patterns -drowning -heat waves
growth
new and & alters -hibernation & of animals -wildfires
wide-Spread nesting behaviour -rising sea -extreme winter
fruiting
diseases behaviour of some species level -storm/typhoon
-hurricane

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Assessment: (Post-Test)
Multiple Choice: Read each statement carefully. Encircle the letterof the BESTanswer.
1. The following are effects of climate change EXCEPT;
A. There will be wild fires that cause damage to forested areas.
B. Typhoons are becoming more likely and dangerous.
C. Drought and famine are possible.
D. Change in weather and climatic pattern will not occur.
2. What is the most appropriate definition of climate change?
A. Climate change refers to significant changes in precipitation, wind patterns
and other measures of climate that occur over several decades or longer.
B. Climate change refers to significant changes in global temperature,
precipitation, wind patterns and other measures of climate that occur over
a certain period of time.
C. Change refers to significant changes in global temperature, precipitation, wind
patterns and other measures of climate that occur over a short period of time.
D. Climate change refers to significant changes in global temperature,
precipitation, wind patterns and other measures of climate that occur over
several decades or longer.
3. Which of the following situation shows the effect of climate change?
A. Birds lay eggs at the right time of the year.
B. Hibernation of some animals happen at the usual time.
C. There will be no changes in the migration patterns of birds.
D. Some species of plants bloomed earlier than expected.
4. What is being referred to as the change in regular climatic pattern?
A. Enhanced greenhouse effect C. Global warming
B. Climate changeD. Carbon footprint
5 What action/s can reduce the effect of climate change?
A. Adopt a plant based diet
B. Travelling by airplane
C. Cutting down of trees to be used in furniture-making.
D. Using defective charger than buying a new one
6. How can we lessen the effect of climate change?
A. Through conversion of forest/trees for other land purposes
B. Intensive farming to produce crops
C. Using incandescent light bulb in homes
D. Reducing energy demand
7. Which of the following will likely to happen if climate change becomes worse?
A. Expanding of glaciers
B. Forest will be conserved.
C. Heavy rains or typhoons seldom happen
D. There will be an extensive forest fires, drought and heat waves.
8. Which is true about climate change?
A. Climate change is man-made. C. It is a natural occurrence.
. B. It is not real. D. Climate change cannot affect plants and animals
9. Which of the following that will cause La Niña?
A. Cooling of water in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of South America.
B. Cooling of water in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of South America.
C. Warm water in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of South America.
D. Cooling water off the Atlantic coast of the US.

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10. It refers to the abnormal and lengthy warming in the eastern part of the Pacific Ocean.
 A .El Niño C. Climate change
B. La Niña D. Monsoon
11. Which of the following is NOT an effect of El Niño?
A.Heavy precipitation C. Drought
B.Massive storms D. Stronger thunderstorms
12. The La Niña in the Philippines will cause__________________________ weather
A. Cool and wet C. Cool and dry
B. Warm and dry D. Warm and wet
13. Which of the following is a greenhouse gas?
A. Nitrogen C. Carbon monoxide
B. Carbon dioxide D. Carbonic acid
14. Which of the following is an indication of global warming?
A. Rising of sea level C. Constant erosion
B. Moderate waves on the ocean D. Decrease of global temperatures

15. Which statement BEST describes greenhouse effect?

A. Where more light is let into the atmosphere.
B. Where heat is retained in the atmosphere.
C. Where less light is let into the atmosphere
D. Where heat is kept out of the atmosphere

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