Intensive Toefl

Proficiency course
STUDENT’S BOOK 2023
Prologue
STRUCTURE AND WRITTEN EXPRESSION Time-20 minutes
This section is designed to measure your ability to recognize language that is appropriate for standard written English.
There are two types of questions in this section, with special directions for each type. Directions: Questions 1-15 are incomplete
sentences.
Example I
Sample Answer
Most American families _________ at least one automobile.
(A) have
(B) in
(C) that
(D) has X◯A ◯ B ◯C ◯D

STRUCTURE AND WRITTEN EXPRESSION Time-20 minutes

Directions: In questions 16-40 each sentence has four underlined words or phrases. The four underlined parts of the sentence are
marked (A), (B), (C), and (D). Identify the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed in order for the sentence to be
correct. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the
answer you have chosen.

Example I Sample Answer

The octopus is a unique animal because they
A
has three functioning hearts.
B C ◯A ◯ B ◯C X ◯D

D
The sentence should read, "The octopus is a unique animal because it has three functioning hearts." Therefore, you should choose
answer THEY.

While most desert animals will drink water if confronted with it, for many of them the opportunity never comes. Yet all living
things must have water, or they will expire. The herbivores find it in desert plants. The carnivores slake their thirst with the
flesh and blood of living prey. One of the most remarkable adjustments, however has been made by the tiny kangaroo rat, who
not only lives without drinking but also subsists on a diet of dry seeds containing about 5% free water. Like other animals, the
kangaroo rat has the ability to manufacture water in its body by a metabolic conversion of carbohydrates. But it is notable for
the parsimony with which it conserves its small supply by every possible means, expending only minuscule amounts in its
excreta and through evaporation from its respiratory tract.

What is the main idea of this passage?

X
(A) The kangaroo rat is uniquely suited to desert life.
(B) Animals need water to exist in the desert.
(C) Herbivores and carnivores live together in the desert.
(D) Animals metabolic systems are complex.

Which of the following is NOT a source of water for the desert animals?
(A) Desert plants
(B) Metabolic conversion of carbohydrates in the body
(C) The blood of other animals
X
(D) Streams

The word IT in line 3 refers to

(A) a living thing
(B) the desert
(C) the opportunity
X
(D) water

I
 BASIC 1
English structure
SUBJECT + VERB + OBJECT
The children play in the park.
Los ninos juegan en el parque.
Definite Articles THE
Cumple en inglés la función
de el, la, los y las, sin hacer
Phrase + OBJECT + VERB + SUBJECT diferencia si están en singular o
in the park play the children. plural.
Phrase + VERB + SUBJECT + OBJECT
in the park play the children. The DOGS ARE in the park

__________ cause extensive damage to pacific nations each year.

A) Because of the high tides and winds during hurricanes Just off the Massachusetts coast _______, a popular resort area.
B) The high tides and winds of hurricanes (A) Martha's Vineyard is (C) Martha's Vineyard
C) The high hurricane tides and winds which (B) is where Martha's Vineyard (D) is Martha's Vineyard
D) That the high tides and winds of hurricanes

INDEFINITE ARTICLES A/AN

Son indefinidos porque aunque hablan de
My Baby
Personal Pronouns Possesive Adjectives
una cosa, no nos específica cuál. Usamos a I 1st Yo My 1st Mi
cuando el sustantivo que acompaña inicia You 2nd Tu
Singular

Your 2nd Tu

Singular
con sonido de consonante. En caso que la He El His De el
palabra inicie con sonido de vocal, usamos She 3rd Ella Her 3rd De ella
el artículo an. It Eso Its De eso
We 1st Nosotros Our 1st Nuestro
Plural

Plural
a dog an eagle You 2nd Ustedes Your 2nd De ustedes
a university an hour They 3rd Ellos Their 3rd De ellos

When linguists encounter a new language, _______ work to In chronicling her months as a captive of the Wampanoag Indians,
identify all of the sounds it contains. A B
(A) who (C) and Mary Rowlandson demonstrated his narrative skill.
(B) they (D) those C D

Verb To Be
SUBJECT + VERB TO BE
I am not I’m not
I am I’m
You are not You aren’t
You are You’re
He is not He isn’t
He is He’s
She is not She isn’t
She is She’s
It is not It isn’t
It is It’s
We are not We aren’t
We are We’re
You are not You aren’t
You are You’re
They are not They aren’t
They are They’re

Scientists is currently trying to map the human genome, the blueprint of human heredity.
A B C D

1
BASIC 1
I. Write 5 sentences using the English Structure:
1. ________________________ ________________________ ________________________
2. ________________________ ________________________ ________________________
3. ________________________ ________________________ ________________________
4. ________________________ ________________________ ________________________
5. ________________________ ________________________ ________________________

II. Use the correct personal pronouns. III. Use the correct possessive adjective.
1. ________
He (John) dreams nightmares. My
1. ( I ) ________ hat is brown.
2. ________ (The whiteboard) is big.
It 2. (We) ________
our eyes are small.
3. ________
They (The mirrors) are on the wall. 3. She goes to school with (she) ________
her brother.
4. ________
They(The dog) runs in the street. 4. Where is (I) ________
my book?
We (My mom and I) watch TV.
5. ________ Your glasses are blue.
5. (You) ________
6. ________
they (The flowers) are in the garden. 6. (He) ________
his eyes are big.
7. ________
He (Tom) rides his bike. 7. (You) ________
Your shirt is yellow.
she (Susan) is from San Francisco.
8. ________ 8. We want to see (it) ________
its historical monuments.
she (Michelle) plays with her brother.
9. ________ 9. (It) ________
Its ears are pink.
We
10. ________ (My brother and I) play videogames. her
10. Leila likes (she) ________ dog!

IV. Complete the gaps with the correct forms of the VERB TO BE.
1. They ________________
aren't with us. (not / to be)
2. ________________
is Jane a painter? (to be)
3. He ________________
isn't from Canada. (not / to be)
4. I ________________
'm your friend. (to be)
5. ________________ it hot? (to be)
6. My friends ________________ sad. (to be)
7. The pictures ________________ on the wall. (not / to be)
8. I ________________ old. (not / to be)
9. ________________ people rude? (to be)
10. My book ________________ on the shelf. (not / to be)

2
 BASIC 2
MODAL VERBS
Can Poder
Could Podia
Will Voluntad SUB + MODAL + VERB Functions (permission)
Would -ía I can run Can I go to the restroom?
Should Deber I can’t fly Could I go to the restroom?
May Poder Can I fly? May I go to the restroom?
Might Podría Passing can be done

Social stratification can based on many criteria, such as wealth, Efforts to provide equal opportunity for minorities in the United
A B C States ______________ from the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
cultural level, legal status, birth, personal qualities and ideology. A) may be said to date C) may say to date
D B) dating D) to date may be said

-s
Infinitive Gerunds Simple Present I jump Present Progressive
El gerundio y el infinitivo -es
You run -o ,-sh, SUBJ + TO BE + VERB-ING
actúan como nombres, SUBJECT + VERB

3rd person singular

cuando un verbo sigue a You study. He jumps -ch, Peter is reading a book.
She -ss, -x
otro verbo watches
SUBJECT +DON’T/DOESN’T + VERB SUBJ + TO BE NOT + VERB-ING
It studies We aren’t going to Valle.
I LIKE to run She doesn’t watch.
We study -ies
I LIKE running Cons + y
DO/DOES + SUBJECT +VERB+? You drink TO BE + SUBJ + VERB-ING
Do you study? They cut Are you working from home?
Does he work?

The tallest bird on the North American continent, the white The preferring of many Western cultures for maintaining a physical
whooping crane _______ four and a half feet tall. A B C
A) Stands C) It stands distance of at least three feet during social interaction is
B) Which stands D) Standing D
well documented in anthropological studies.

SUBJECT + VERB (past) SIMPLE PAST

Do / Did to express Emphasis
Regular Irregular
-d, -ed SUBJECT +DIDN’T + VERB I do want to work.
I didn’t jump.
I ate He did want to play.
I painted
He set
She studied DID + SUBJECT + VERB?
They read
We walked Did I jump?

Only after Theodore Roosevelt became president did conservation developed into a major environmental issue in United States.
A B C D

3
 BASIC 2
I. Use each positive Modal Verb in a sentence. II. Fill the gaps with the correct forms of the SIMPLE PRESENT.
I
1. _______ can ________________________________.
run 1. I ________
don't ________
eat meat. (not / to like)
2. _______
He could ________________________________.
jump 2. My sister ________
eats pasta. (to eat)
3. _______
I will ________________________________.
work with you 3. ________
Do you ________buy apples? (to buy)
4. _______
I would _______________________________.
swim 4. This dog ________.
barks (to bark)
5. _______
She should _______________________________.
speak with me 5. My mom ________don't ________
read comics. (not / to read)
6. _______
She may ________________________________.
fall of 6. ________
Do Ann and Luis ________
go to school? (to go)
7. _______
I might _______________________________.
run 7. Cows ________
live in the sea. (to live)
8. ________
I ___________
can not _______________________.
cook 8. They ________
does ________
play football. (not / to play)
9. ________
She ___________
may not ________________________.
concentrate 9. ________ your cat ________
chase mice? (to chase)
10. _______
will you _______
be ___________________________?
my friend 10. Her friend ________ ________ English. (not / to speak)

III. Fill the gaps with the correct forms of the PRESENT PROG.
IV. Fill the gaps with the correct forms of the SIMPLE PAST.
1. The children __aren’t__ _asking___ questions. (not/ to ask)
1. I _______
did'nt _______
drink (not/ to drink) any beer last night.
2. Nick ________
aren't ________
going to the gym. (to go) 2. Pepe received
_______ (to receive) $300 when he retired.
3. ________
May I ________
openingthe door? (to open) 3. _______ she _______ (to make) good coffee?
4. He ________ ________ jokes. (not/ to tell)
4. Abel _______ _______ (not/ to change) trains at San Diego.
5. The baby ________ ________ now. (not/ to cry)
5. Jane and Ro _______ (to live) in Paris.
6. We ________ ________ a farm. (to visit)
6. She _______ (to read) the newspaper yesterday.
7. ________ they ________ the phone? (to answer)
7. He _______ (to have) a shower.
8. Gerry, Joe and Boris ________ ________ hamburgers. (to eat)
8. Ralph and Antony _______ _______ (not/ to watch) TV.
9. My teacher ________ ________ at the bus stop. (to wait)
9. Why _______ you _______ (to come)?
10. ________ the rabbit ________ over the fence? (to climb)
10. _______ you _______ (to go) to the party?

4
 BASIC review
1. Not only ______
A atoms with their microscopes, but they now can also "feel" them with the aid of a versatile sensing device called the
"magic wrist".
(A) are today's scientists able to see
(B) able to see today's scientists are
(C) today's scientists are able to see
(D) are able to see today's scientists

A Social Security Act of 1935 was written to insure workers against unemployment.
2. _______
(A) The
(B) What the
(C) For the
(D) After the

3. Although most cats hate to swim, _______

D if necessary.
(A) can they do so
(B) so can they do
(C) they do so can
(D) they can do so

B within their environments and evaluate the adaptations they have made.
4. Anthropologists _______
A) Societies are studied
B) Study societies
C) Who study societies are
D) Their societies are studied

5. For thousands of years, people have used vast amounts of wood for building and _______
C their homes.
A) They heat
B) To heat
C) Heating
D) Heat

6. The human brain __________

D only two percent of an adult’s body weight.
A) Which makes up
B) It makes up
C) Makes it up
D) Makes up

7. In reality, all biological reproductive begins at the cellular level.

A B C D
8. The black cherry tree, from which fine cabinets and furniture is made, is found all across North America, from Nova Scotia to Texas.
A B C D
9. If no fossil record were available, the next strongest evidence of the kinship among organisms would to be similarities in the
A B
embryonic development of organisms today.
C D
10. Vitamin E, which is found in nutritious foods such green vegetables and whole grains, action as an antioxidant in cell membranes.
A B C D
11. Research and recommending concerning the dangers of smoking are beginning to have an impact on the tobacco industry in the
A B C D
United States.
12. Vitamin K providing the necessary impetus for the synthesis of at least two proteins involved in blood clotting.
A B C D
13. Scientists used line spectra identifying the element helium in the sun.
A B C D
14. When the body becomes extremely overheated, it failure to cool itself again, and sunstroke can occur.
A B C D