21st

Century
Literature
 Objectives

1. At the end of the lesson,

2. Students will be able to
students will have a
differentiate the different types
background of the
of Philippine literary pieces.
Philippine literature to
prepare them for analyzing
literary pieces.
Lesson For The Day

Introduction to Philippine
Literature
 sublime experiences - experiences that
inspire artists to create art
poetry - "the root and crown of language"
termed by Germino Abad
- pieces of writing that usually have
figurative language and are written in
separate lines that often have a repeated
rhythm and sometimes rhyme
 Types of Poetry (History of Poetry)
awit - consists 12-syllable quatrains. It is
similar in form to the corrido.
riddle - bugtong
- uses talinghaga that helps you to convey
the answer.
proverb - sawikain or salawikain
- were used to express pieces of wisdom or
beliefs that were important to Filipino society.
Bulaklak muna ang gawin bago ito kainin.
Dalawang sundalo pabalik-balik sa kampo.
Isang prinsesa nakaupo sa tasa.
Isang butil ng palay, sakop ang buong
bahay.
Pagkagat nang madiin, naiiwan ang ngipin.
"Kung may itinanim, may aanihin."
"Kapag ang dagat ay tahimik, asahan mo at
malalim."
"Ang lalagyang walang laman ay maingay"
"A quitter never wins, a winner never quits."
"Ang 'di marunong magmahal sa sariling
wika ay higit pa ang malansang isda."
 epic - long, episodic, chanted poems that
tell a story.
- stories about a legendary hero and his
adventures, and aided by supernatural
creatures.
- chanted orally at feasts and rituals, often to
inspire and entertain listeners.
 Epic of Gilgamesh - oldest surviving example of
a work of literature
Biag ni Lam-Ang - epic poem of the Ilocano
- first Philippine folk epic to be recorded in written
form
Handiong - 60-stanza fragment Bicolano epic
Hiniláwod - pinakamatanda at pinakamahabang
epiko ng Kanlurang Bisaya
 baybayin - method of writing
Francisco Baltazar - most notable poet of the
Spanish era
- he is also known as Balagtas
illustrados - constituted the Filipino educated
class during the Spanish colonial period
- "learned" or "enlightened ones"
 NEW CRITICISM
FREE VERSE
- consider texts as
- poetry that lacks a autonomous and “closed,”
meaning that everything
consistent rhyme
that is needed to
scheme, metrical
understand a work is
pattern, or musical form.
present within it.
 My Cat Jeoffry
by Christopher Smart

Free
For I will consider my Cat Jeoffry. Verse
For he is the servant of the Living God duly and
daily serving him.
For at the first glance of the glory of God in the
East he worships in his way.
For this is done by wreathing his body seven
times round with elegant quickness.
For then he leaps up to catch the musk, which
is the blessing of God upon his prayer
 New Criticism
The movement derived its name from John Crowe Ransom's
1941 book The New Criticism.
New Critics believed the structure and meaning of the text
were intimately connected and should not be analyzed
separately.
Studying a passage of prose or poetry in this style required
careful, exacting scrutiny of the passage itself. Formal elements
such as rhyme, meter, setting, characterization, and plot were
used to identify the theme of the text.