Digital Signal Processing

Lecture 6 Contents (Frequency Response)

Follows Section 4.1.3 of the textbook (Proakis and
Manolakis, 4th ed.).

By
Dr. Muhammad Imran Farid
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Lecture 6 Contents
• Proving the convolution property of the Fourier Transform
• The frequency response: the Fourier Transform of the impulse response
• Series of systems in the frequency domain
• Interpreting the frequency response: the action of the system on each
complex sinusoid
• A real LTI system only changes the magnitude and phase of a real cosine
input
• An LTI system can't introduce new frequencies
• Introduction to filters
• Example: frequency response for a one-sided exponential impulse
response

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Lecture 6 Contents
• Computing outputs for arbitrary inputs using the frequency response
• Partial fractions
• A more complicated example
• Using the Fourier Transform to solve differential equations
• Convolution in the frequency domain is multiplication in the time
domain

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Digital Signal Processing
Lecture 6 (Frequency Response)
By
Dr. Muhammad Imran Farid

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By F.T. property

Definition of convolution

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PROVED

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• Changing order does not have any effect on the output of the system
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Lets put an arbitrary exponential
function into the system

How my system response to the complex exponential?

H(w0) is a constant

• ANALYSIS: output has the same frequency as input except now it is multiplied by some constant. System is 8
not changing any frequency of the input.
 What's the output if this
signal

Change to magnitude and

phase

• ANALYSIS: Same frequency cosine comes out; only its attenuated or magnify and phase shifted
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• This filter is not a good filter in the time domain 1) its not causal 2) it has wiggling.
This wiggling will create trouble in the output of the signal
• We need to modify the frequency domain filter in order to get the better time
domain filter
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• So what could be the approximation to the idealized low pass filter

This signal you see a lot

We are not worried about the phase for now

• This is a crude Low Pass Filter

• Wider and thinner depends on the
value of a

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The general setup to solve LTI systems is as follows:

Tough but we usually ends up with the

partial fraction

Method of partial fraction

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Another Example

Whenever we see the higher order

term in the denominator we have
to include the partial fraction of all
the terms before that

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Now we do the term matching

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 We can use the Fourier Techniques in order to solve differential equation

We know this relationship

Any differential eq.

Duality Property
convolution

Usually in Amplitude Modulation 18