Menstrual Cycle-is the regular, monthly series of changes a woman's ovaries and

endometrium goes through in preparation for the possibility of pregnancy

-lasts for 20 to 35 days, with an average of 28 days

Endometrium-is the layer tissue lining

inside the uterus

Menstrual Cycle-made up of two

interconnected and synchronized cycles that interact and overlap-one happening in the
ovaries and one in the uterus:
1. Ovarian Cycle 2. Uterine Cycle

1. Ovarian Cycle- stages of development of the

ovarian follicles and the occurrence of ovulation

Follicle-a fluid-filled sac that contains an

immature egg or oocyte

Ovulation-is the process wherein the mature egg cell

is released from the ovary into the fallopian tube

2. Uterine Cycle- stages in which the functional endometrium thickens and sheds in
response to ovarian activity

Cycles/ Stages of Menstrual Cycle

  Ovarian Cycle Uterine Cycle
Day 1-5 Follicular Phase
1. the hypothalamus
secretes gonadotrophic
releasing hormone (GnRH)
into the pituitary gland
2. pituitary gland secretes
follicle stimulating
Day 6-13 hormone (FSH) which
stimulates the egg cells to
mature inside the follicle
3. follicle secretes
estrogen that stimulates
the uterus to develop and
to regenerate the
endometrium
4. Around day 12,
luteinizing hormone (LH) is
secreted by the pituitary
gland
Day 14 Ovulation
1. the ovary to release the matured egg cell
2. the released egg cell travels into the fallopian tube
Menstrual Phase
-aka “menstruation”, “period”
or “menses”
-uterus sheds its inner lining of
soft tissue, blood vessels, and
blood exits the body from the
vagina in the form of menstrual
fluid
Proliferative
1. estrogen levels rise which
causes the endometrium to
proliferates or to starts to
thicken
2. when the level of estrogen is
at it peak, the pituitary begins
to secrete luteinizing hormone
(LH)
Day 15-28 Luteal Phase Secretory Phase
1. egg cell released during 1. if the fertilization does not
the ovulation phase stays occur in this period, the corpus
in the fallopian tube for 24 luteum withers
hours
2. the follicle that is left in
the ovary will be converted
into corpus luteum which
secretes progesterone
(makes the endometrium
suitable to receive the
fertilized egg )

2. Progesterone and estrogen

levels fall which causes the
shedding of the uterine lining
starting the menstrual cycle all
over again

Corpus luteum-is a temporary structure that is formed out of ruptured and

degenerated follicle
General Direction: When you’re done with the activities you may submit your output by
taking a picture of it and sending it in our Science GC. Send me a private message to confirm
your submission in the GC. Another option is to compile all activities and placed in a short
folder with your name and section to be submitted when F2F classes resume if sending of
pictures is not possible due to internet connection problem. Activities sent are intended for you
to answer fore 2 days. March 6-7.

Activity 1: Based on the lecture given, study the phases of menstruation given and identify the
phase of menstruation described in the table. Copy and answer this in a 1 whole sheet of
paper.

Activity 2:

PART I.THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE

Direction: Fill In the blanks. Choose your answer on the given choices found in the word bank.
 In the menstrual cycle, the ____________ releases an _______________ every
______________. Each time an egg is released, the ____________ must prepare itself for
a fertilized egg. A thick lining full of _____________________ slowly develops. If the egg is
fertilized, it passes into the uterus and attaches itself to the uterus wall. If the ovum is not
fertilized, it passes out of the uterus. The uterus lining will begin to break down and exit
through the vagina. This process is called __________________, otherwise known as a
“______________”. The menstrual cycle allows the uterus to grow a fresh lining every time
a(n) ____________ is released to provide fresh and healthy conditions for the growing
embryo

PART II. INTERPRETING DIAGRAM

Direction: Look at the diagram. For each sentence below it, write the matching letter from
the diagram in the box.

Description of Events Letter

The uterus lining is thick and waiting for a fertilized egg.
The uterus lining begins to gradually thicken up again
The egg is released by the ovary (ovulation).
The released egg is traveling down the fallopian tube to be fertilized.
The thick lining of the uterus breaks down and flows out slowly.
A woman is fertile during this period only

Assessment:
Part A. Choose the letter of the correct answer by writing your answer on the blank.
______ 1. Menstruation is a sign that a girl is ______________________.

a. already pregnant. b. capable of producing offspring.

c. no longer capable of becoming pregnant. d. already menoposal.

______ 2. How will you describe menstruation?

a. It is the discharge of blood from the uterine wall.

b. It is the discharge of blood from the ovary.
c. It is the discharge of blood from the fallopian tube.
 d. It is the discharge of blood from the vagina.

______ 3. When will there be menstruation?

a. when the egg meets the sperm. b. When the egg reaches the uterus.
c. When the egg is released from the ovary. d. When the egg is not fertilized by a sperm
______ 4. During the menstrual cycle, an egg may be released. This process is called _____.

a. Fertilization b. Ovulation c. Dilation d. Gestation

______ 5. The “period” which occurs in females if no fertilization takes place.

a. Puberty b. Menopause c. Menstruation d. Ovulation

Part B. Arrange the following phases of menstrual cycle in sequential order. Write 1-10
on the space before the number.
_____ 1. The process of fertilization may take place.
_____ 2. A new egg cell starts to mature within the ovary.
_____ 3. The lining of the uterus becomes thin after bleeding.
_____ 4. The nature egg travels from the ovary to the uterus.
_____ 5. Uterine linings begin to break down and bleeding results.
_____ 6. An egg in the ovary continues to mature.
_____ 7. The endometrium or lining of the uterus becomes thicker in preparation for the
implantation of the fertilized egg.
_____ 8. The mature egg is released.
_____ 9. The mature egg moves to the surface of the ovary just before the mid-cycle.
_____ 10. The next menstrual-cycle is then about to begin.