A Project Report ON: Online Transaction

A
PROJECT REPORT
ON
ONLINE TRANSACTION
SUBMITTED BY
SHAYEESTA TABASSUM
H.T.NO: 2801-2040-5092
MASA AYAZ
2801-2040-5037
PROJECT SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE

AWARD OF THE DEGREE
BACHELOR OF COMMERCE (COMPUTER APPLICATION)
OSMANIA UNIVERSITY,
HYDERABAD.
ST. JOSEPHS’S DEGREE & PG COLLEGE
(AFFILIATED TO OSMAINA UNIVERSITY)
ATTAPUR HYDERABAD.
(2022-2023)
ST. JOSEPHS’S DEGREE COLLEGE
ATTAPUR, HYDERABAD.
WEBSIT www.st-josephs.in , EMAILID stjjrcattapur@yahoo.com ph.:040-24018519
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that SHAYEESTA TABASSUM is a bonafide student of

B.COM (COMPUTER APPLICATION) III YEAR of this institution with
Hall Ticket No: 2801-2040-5092. for this Academic year 2022-23. He has
submitted a project on RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION PROCESS
from the organization ONLINE TRANSACTION under the supervision of
Mrs. SHRUTI SHASTRI.
DATE: PRINCIPAL
ATTAPUR, HYDERABAD.
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that SHAYEESTA TABASSUM of B.COM (COMPUTER

APPLICATION) III YEAR with Hall Ticket NO: 2801-2040-5092 for the
academic year 2022-2023 has completed a project on RECRUITMENT AND
SELECTION PROCESS from ONLINE TRANSACTION under the
supervision of Mrs. SHRUTI SHASTRI.
DATE: SIGNATURE OF THE GUIDE

ATTAPUR, HYDERABAD.
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that SHAYEESTA TABASSUM of

B.COM COM III YEAR with Hall Ticket No: 2801-2040-
5092 for this Academic year 2022-2023. He has completed a
project on RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION PROCESS
from the organization under the supervision of Mrs.
SHRUTI SHASTRI.
External Examiner Internal Examiner

ATTAPUR, HYDERABAD.
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that MAZA AYAZ is a bonafide student of B.COM

(COMPUTER APPLICATION) III YEAR of this institution with Hall
Ticket No: 2801-2040-5037. for this Academic year 2022-23. He has
submitted a project on RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION PROCESS
from the organization ONLINE TRANSACTION under the supervision of
Mrs. SHRUTI SHASTRI.
DATE: PRINCIPAL
ATTAPUR, HYDERABAD.
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that MAZA AYAZ of B.COM (COMPUTER

APPLICATION) III YEAR with Hall Ticket NO: 2801-2040-5037 for the
academic year 2022-2023 has completed a project on RECRUITMENT AND
SELECTION PROCESS from ONLINE TRANSACTION under the
supervision of Mrs. SHRUTI SHASTRI.
DATE: SIGNATURE OF THE GUIDE

ATTAPUR, HYDERABAD.
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that MAZA AYAZ of B.COM COM III

YEAR with Hall Ticket No: 2801-2040-5037 for this
Academic year 2022-2023. He has completed a project on
RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION PROCESS from the
organization under the supervision of Mrs. SHRUTI
SHASTRI.
External Examiner Internal Examiner

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that SHAYESTA TABASSUM is a regular student of “St Joseph’s

Degree College”. She has conducted an authentic report on the topic “Online Transaction
Services” and has successfully completed the research project under the guidance of Mrs
Shruti Shatri. The project has been prepared as assignment og final year 2022-2023 and is
been submitted thereof.
Mrs Shruti Shatri

Guidance
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that MAZA AYAZ is a regular student of “St Joseph’s Degree College”.
She has conducted an authentic report on the topic “Online Transaction Services” and has
successfully completed the research project under the guidance of Dr. Geetanjali
shrivastava. The project has been prepared as assignment og final year 2022-2023 and is
been submitted thereof.
Mrs Shruti Shatri

Guidance
DECLARATION
I here by state that the information related to my project on

RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION PROCESS from ONLINE
TRANSACTION is the primary data related to my subject and it is part of
curriculum under the Osmania university jurisdiction and it is not submitted to
any organization or institute.
DATE: SHAYEESTA TABASSUM

2801-2040-5092
MAZA AYAZ
2801-2040-5037
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to take this opportunity to thank Jothi Laxmi. (Principal),St Josephs Digree
College.
To have provided me with such a great opportunity to work on this research project. I am
indeed thankful to my teacher guide Mrs. Shruthi Shastri for his constant support and guidance
throughout the report work, without which I could not have completed this work. I am grateful
to all the respondent of the questionnaire for being so much cooperative and patient to fill the
required answer in the questionnaires. The project would not have been such a success without
their contribution. Last, but not the least, I would like to thank my family, friends and all those
who helped me in some way or the other in the successful completion of this research project.
SHAYEESTA TABASSUM
2801-2040-5092
MAZA AYAZ
2801-2040-5037
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION TO THE TOPIC
1.1 GOOGLE PAY

1.2 ADVANTAGES
1.3 DISADVANTAGES
CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 TYPES OF RESERCH MEDTHODOLOGY
3.2 OBJECTIVES
3.3 RESERCH PROCESS
3.4 AREA OF MY RESEARCH
3.5 TOOLS USED FOT MY RESERCH
CHAPTER 4
DATA REPRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
CHAPTER 5
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
5.1 SUMMARY
5.2 CONCLUSION
Chapter 1
Introduction Introduction to the topic

Online Transactions and security of E-transactions online transaction is a payment
method in which the transfer of fund or money happens online over electronic fund
transfer. Online transaction process (OLTP) is secure and password protected. Online
transaction processing (OLTP) is information systems that facilitate and manage
transaction-oriented application typically for data entry and retrieval transaction
processing so online transaction is done with the help of the internet. It can’t take place
without a proper internet connection. Online transactions occur when a process of
buying and selling takes place through the internet. When a consumer purchases a
product or a service online, he/she pays for it through online transaction.
GOOGLE PAY
Google Pay (stylized as G Pay; formerly Pay with Google and Android Pay) is a
digital wallet platform and online payment system developed by Google to power in-
app and tap-to-pay purchases on mobile devices, enabling users to make payments
with Android phones, tablets or watches.
Benefits of Google Pay

• Quick and Easy way to send and receive money.
• Multiple cash back and rewards benefits.
• Encryption and multiple layers of security by Google to secure transaction. • Pay

Utility bills, recharge your mobile and do online shopping using this app.
• No additional cost of usage.
PAYTM ("Pay-T-M", pronounced similar to ATM) is an E-payment and financial

technology company, based out of NOIDA, India. PAYTM is available in 11 Indian
languages and offers online use-cases like mobile recharges, utility bill payments,
travel, movies, and events bookings as well as in-store payments at grocery stores,
fruits and vegetable shops, restaurants, parking, tolls, pharmacies and educational
institutions with the PPAYTM QR code. As per the company, over 7 million
merchants across India use this QR code to accept payments directly into their bank
account The company also uses advertisements and paid promotional content to
generate revenues.
Advantages of Going Cashless or Digitisation -

• Light but deep pockets.
• Discounts and freebies.

• Easy expense tracking &documentation.
• Reduced risk of losing money
Disadvantages of Going Cashless or Digitisation
• Increased risk of identity theft

• Losing phone means losing all your money.
• High chances of overspending.
• Increased risk of identity theft.
CHAPTER 2
Literature review
Online transaction is a payment method in which the transfer of fund or money happens online
over electronic fund transfer. Online transaction process (OLTP) is secure and password
protected. Three steps involved in the online transaction are Registration, Placing an order,
and, Payment. Online transaction processing (OLTP) is information systems that facilitate and
manage transaction-oriented application typically for data entry and retrieval transaction
processing So online transaction is done with the help of the internet. It can’t take place
without a proper internet connection. Online transactions occur when a process of buying and
selling takes place through the internet. When a consumer purchases a product or a service
online, he/she pays for it through online transaction. Let’s find out more about it. Online
transactions now days became so help to people as they are going cashless they are not even
carrying which safes them from robbery and from many more things. Online transactions are
playing a major role because in the economy as it is also helping in developing our economy
also and this is important for our economy. From this circulation of money in economy is
reduced as after demonetisation people are alert about their transactions as going cashless
seems easy to them.
CHAPTER 3 Research methodology
Research is common parlance refers to a search for knowledge. Once can also define research
as a scientific and systematic search for pertinent information on a specific topic. In fact,
research is an art of scientific investigation. The advanced learners dictionary of current English
lays down the meaning of research as ‘’a careful investigation or inquiry especially through
searches for new facts in any branch of knowledge’’
1. BURNS defines ‘’ research as a systematic investigation to find answer to a problem’’
2. GRINNEL further adds ‘’research is structured inquiry that utilizes acceptable scientific
methodologies to solve and creates new knowledge that is generally acceptable’’
3. Some people consider research as a movement, a movement from the known to the
unknown. It is actually a voyage of discovery. We all possess the vital instinct of
inquisitiveness for, when the unknown confronts us, we wonder and our inquisitiveness
makes us probe and attain full and fuller understanding of the unknown. This
inquisitiveness is the mother of all knowledge and the method, which man employs for
obtaining the knowledge of whatever the unknown, can be termed as research.
Research is an academic activity and as such the term should be used in a technical sense.
According to Clifford Woody research comprises defining and redefining problems,
formulating hypothesis or suggest or suggested solutions; collecting, organizing and
evaluating data; making deductions and reaching conclusions; and at last carefully testing the
conclusions to determine whether they fit the formulating hypothesis.
Types of research study

(A) Descriptive Study: Used where study includes surveys and fact-finding enquiries.
(B) Analytical Study: Includes critical evaluation of already available Facts.
(C) Applied Study: Aims at finding of solution for an immediate problem facing by society
or an industry.
(D) Fundamental/Basic/Pure Study: Deals with formulation of theory or gathering

knowledge. (E) Qualitative / Motivation Study: Used especially in the behavioural
sciences where the aim is to discover the underlying motives of human behaviour.
(F) Conceptual Study: Generally used by philosopher and great thinkers to develop new
concepts to reinterpret existing knowledge.
(G) Empirical Study: A data based research relies on observation and coming up with
conclusions which are capable of being verified by an experiment.
(H) Case Study/Exploratory/Clinical/Diagnostic Study: Such study goes deep into the
causes of things or events that interest us by using very Small samples.
(I) Historical Study: Based on historical sources like documents to Study events or ideas
of the past. It is generally a conclusion/decision oriented research.
Objectives of research
1. To discover new facts.
2. To find out the hidden facts.
3. To gain the new insights of the study.
4. To portray the accurate characteristics of a particular individual, situation or a group.
5. To test the hypothesis
. 6. To discover the answer of various doubts and questions through the application of
scientific procedure.
7. To attain the target by reaching the conclusion
8. To suggest remedial measure of the problem.
9. To serve the social welfare. 10. To formulate theoretical concept after verifying the
knowledge.
RESEARCH PROCESS
The process of research refers to the series of steps involved in research, the following are
the steps involved in research- . 1. Discover the problem area
2. Literature survey
3. Problem define
4. Develop a working hypothesis
5. Research proposal
6. Research design
7. Execution of project
8. Analysis of data
9. Hypothesis testing
10. Data interpretation and generalization.

11. Reporting of results.
1. Discovering the problem area. To start a research, we first of all need to discover the
problem which demands solution. Any researcher is pretty sure of the subject on which to
conduct his research, but the exact problem area may remain elusive. The best way to identify
the problem would be to look for an unsolved query, a gap in the existing knowledge or an
unfulfilled need within the chosen subject. Although the world is teeming with unsolved
queries, yet every question is suitable for research. Researcher should take care that the
problem should be one which can be clearly identified and formulated.
2. Literature survey. The next step is to become familiar with the problem and formulate
it clearly. Literature survey involves a comprehensive review of published and unpublished
work from the secondary sources of data available the relevant area of study. The researcher at
this stage may review all the available conceptual literature concerning the theories and
concepts related to the problem as well as the empirical literature comprising of studies done
earlier and bearing similarity to the problem under study.
3. Problem definition. Initially the focus of the problem is ambiguous defined. However
the Literature Review, the researcher snow in a position to formulate his problem clearly. In
the words of Albert Einstein “the formulation of a problem is far more essential than its
solution, which may be merely a matter of mathematical or experimental skill” A problem
well formulated will alone yield fruitful results. The objectives of the study at this stage are
clearly developed.
4. Developing a working hypothesis. A hypothesis is a tentative assumption regarding the

solution to the problem under study. The hypothesis is the focal point around which the future
research efforts will be directed. The kind of data to be collected, the tools of analysis are
influenced by the hypothesis.
5. Research proposal. A research proposal is a brief summary outlining the objectives of

the study and the mode of conducting the research. In case of thesis research proposals are in
the form of a synopsis stating the research objectives, the proposed methodology of research,
benefits of the study along with a detailed bibliography. Research proposal is a road map to
the researcher showing where he has to start and where he has to go and how to get there.
6. Research design. Once the researcher is given go ahead, the next step is to work out
the research design in detail. Research design outlines the conditions for collection and
analysis of data. The what, when, where, how much and the method of data collection are
detailed in the research design. It will contain information about:
(a) The sample design
(b) Data collection design
(c) Instrument design

7. Execution of the project. From this stage onwards the researcher moves forward from
the planning stage to data gathering stage. This involves sending questionnaires to
respondents, training field workers in interview and observation methods.
8. Analysis of data. All the data gathered in the previous step has no meaning fill the time
it is not subject to data analysis. Processing of this raw data will yield some kind of relevant
information. The raw data when it is aggregated, organized and analysed yield us some
information which helps us in decision making.
9. Hypothesis testing. Post analysis of data researcher will now move ahead to test the
hypothesis that he had formulated in the beginning of the research process. There are various
parametric and non-parametric tests. The choice of tests selected for hypothesis tasting
depends on factors like the nature and objective of research, characteristics of population
distribution, the sampling technique, type of data, etc. hypothesis testing will help a researcher
in establishing the validity of his results.
10. Data interpretation and generalization. For studies in which no hypothesis has been
tested, data interpretation is done with the intention of seeking explanation for the research
results on the basis of existing theories. The results are interpreted in the light of existing
theories and doors are thrown open for newer explanations and possibilities for further
research.
11. Reporting of results. The last step is concerned with bringing in public the results of
the research so that the findings can be put to some use. The style and method of reporting
would depend on the target audience, the purpose and the time of reporting the results.
AREA OF MY RESEARCH
The research is conducted in different parts of the Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh constitute the
universe of the study for which inferences are to be drawn on the basis of a sample selected, so
as to represent the whole population.
Statistical Data: An Introduction

The bedrock of data analysis and interpretation is formed by the collection of data. ‘Data’ is
basically unorganized statistical facts and figures collected for some specific purposes, such as
analysis. There can be different sources of data, such as statistical and non-statistical sources.
Also, there are different methods of data collection, depending on the type of data. There are
two main types of data: primary and secondary. Understanding the difference between the two
is important in deciding which method of data collection to use. Tremendous amounts of
statistical analyses are carried out continuously in countries for publication purposes or even
for policy framing.
Sources of Data:
There are two sources of data in Statistics. Statistical sources refer to data that are collected for
some official purposes and include censuses and officially conducted surveys. Non statistical
sources refer to the data that are collected for other administrative purposes or for the private
sector.
Types of Data and Data Collection

Data collection is a process of collecting information from all the relevant sources to find
answers to the research problem, test the hypothesis and evaluate the outcomes. Data
collection methods can
be divided into two categories: secondary methods of data collection and primary methods of
data collection.
Like stated earlier, there are two types of data: primary and secondary.
Primary Data Collection Methods

As the name suggests, are first-hand information collected by the surveyor. The data so
collected are pure and original and collected for a specific purpose. They have never
undergone any statistical treatment before. The collected data may be published as well. The
Census is an example of primary data Primary data collection methods can be divided into two
groups: quantitative and qualitative. Quantitative data collection methods are based in
mathematical calculations in various formats. Methods of quantitative data collection and
analysis include questionnaires with closed-ended questions, methods of correlation and
regression, mean, mode and median and others. Quantitative methods are cheaper to apply and
they can be applied within shorter duration of time compared to qualitative methods.
Moreover, due to a high level of standardization of quantitative methods, it is easy to make
comparisons of findings. Qualitative research methods, on the contrary, do not involve
numbers or mathematical calculations. Qualitative research is closely associated with words,
sounds, feeling, emotions, colour and other elements that are non-quantifiable. Qualitative
studies aim to ensure greater level of depth of understanding and qualitative data collection
methods include interviews, questionnaires with open-ended questions, focus groups,
observation, game or role-playing, case studies etc.
Secondary Data Collection Methods

Secondary data are opposite to primary data. They are collected and published already (by
some organization, for instance). They can be used as a source of data and used by surveyors
to collect data from and conduct the analysis. Secondary data are impure in the sense that they
have undergone statistical treatment at least once Secondary data is a type of data that has
already been published in books, newspapers, magazines, journals, online portals etc. There is
an abundance of data available in these sources about your research area in business studies,
almost regardless of the nature of the research area. Therefore, application of appropriate set
of criteria to select secondary data to be used in the study plays an important role in terms of
increasing the levels of research validity and reliability. These criteria include, but not limited
to date of publication, credential of the author, reliability of the source, quality of discussions,
depth of analyses, the extent of contribution of the text to the development of the research area
etc. Tools for data collection
There are several tools of collecting primary data and are discussed below:
1. Observation tool the observation method is most commonly used method specially in
studies related to behavioural sciences. Observation becomes a scientific tool and the method
of data collection for the researcher when it serves a formulated research purpose, is
systematically planned and recorded and is subjected to check and control variables. This tool
is particularly suitable in studies which deal with subjects who are not capable of giving
verbal reports of their feelings for one reason or the other.
2. Interview The interview method of data collection involves presentation of oral-verbal

stimuli and reply in terms of oral-verbal responses.
This method can be used through personal interviews and, if possible through telephone
interviews.
• Personal interviews: This method requires a person known as the interviewer asking
questions generally in face-to-face contact to the other person or persons.
• Telephonic interviews: This method of collecting information consists in contacting

the respondents on telephone itself. It is not a very widely used method, but plays an
important role in industrial surveys, particularly in developed regions. 4. Questionnaire This
method of data collection is quite popular, particularly in case of big enquiries. It is being
adopted by private individual, research workers, private and public organization and even by
the government. In this method a questionnaire is sent to the person concerned with a request
to answer the question and return the questionnaire
Tools used for data collection in my research work
The research entitled “Bhopal’s attitude towards online transaction services”, is done by
collecting primary data and the secondary data. The primary data is collected directly from 30
the respondents whereas the secondary data is collected from the articles and magazines and
research papers. Methods used for primary data collection The primary data like the
information about the respondents and the opinions to the study are collected through
“questionnaire”. Methods used in secondary data collection The base of the research project
has been framed by collecting data by secondary method that is through the books, magazines,
research papers, published articles, etc. The literature review is done by the analysis of the
published articles available on the topic the theoretical base is a work by the collection of data
with the help of books and research work.
CHAPTER 4
DATA REPRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
Data representation and analysis

Meaning of Interpretation-
Provides a theoretical conception which can serve as a guide for further Interpretation of data
refers to the task of drawing inferences from the collected facts after an analytical and/or
experimental study. In fact, it is a search for broader meaning of research findings.
Interpretation is concerned with relationships within the collected data, partially overlapping
analysis. Interpretation also extends beyond the data of the study to include the results of other
research, theory and hypotheses.”1 Thus, interpretation is the device through which the factors
that seem to explain what has been observed by researcher in the course of the study can be
better understood it also researches.
Pre –Requisites of Interpretation
In order to draw correct and valid inferences from the data several precautions have to be
taken-
• Homogeneity of data is must and then only comparisons of different situation can be done.
• Availability of accurate and reliable data as it helps to arrive at a correct conclusion.
• Existence of sufficient and consistent data is important so as to make interpretations

meaningful and biasness may creep in.
• The data available must be suitable. In absence of suitable data misleading results will be
drawn.
• Most up to date and appropriate methods should be used to analyse the data.
1. AGE
Options Response Percentage
Below 20 28 35%
21-30 18 22.5%
31-40 16 20%
41-50 18 22.5
Total 80 100%
SOURCE- PRIMARY SURVEY
below 20
21-30
31-40
41-50
Interpretation:
From the response it can be seen that out of 80 respondents, 28 respondents belongs to
(below 20), 18 to (21-30), 16 to (31-40), 18(41-50+) age groups.
2. GENDER

Male 50 62.5%
Female 30 37.5%
Other 0 0
Total 80 100%
male
female
other
Interpretation:
From the response it can be seen that out of 80 respondents, 43 are Male and 38 are Female.
3. QUALIFICATION
12+ 14 17.5%
UG 40 50%
PG 26 32.5%
Other 0 0%
Total 80 100%
12+
UG
PG
other
Interpretation:
From the response it can be seen that out of 80 respondents,, 14 comes under 12+ , 40 comes
under graduate, 26 under PG & 0 under any other category .
4. ANNUAL INCOME
1lakh-2.5lakh 10 12.5%
2.5lakh-5lakh 20 25%
5lakh-and more 14 17.5%
Nil 36 45%
total 80 100%
1-2.5
2.5-5
5+
nil
Interpretation:
From the response it can be seen that out of 80 respondents, 10 respondents comes under 1 –
2.5 respondents comes under 2.5 - 5 respondents comes under 5 & more and 36 respondents
comes under nil (it means they don’t earn right now)
5. Do you use Online Transactions?

From the respondents it can be seen that all 80 are using online transactions.
Yes 80 100%
NO 0 0
Total 100 100%
Yes
No
Interpretation:
From the responses it can be seen that out of 80 respondents, all 80 are using online
transactions.
6. Are you aware regarding the functionality of Online Transactions?

Options Responses Percentage
Fully aware 36 45
Partially Aware 44 55
Not aware 0 0
Total 80 100
Fully aware
Partially aware
Not aware
Interpretation:
From the responses it can be seen that out of 80 respondents, 36 respondents are Fully Aware,
44 are Partially Aware, none come under Not Aware.
7. From where did you get the information about online transactions?
Friends 30 37.5%
Magazine 0 0
Social Media 38 47.5%
Television 12 15%
Total 80 100%
friends
magazine
social media
televison
Interpretation:
From the responses it can be seen that out of 80 respondents, 30.5 among them came to
know about online transactions through friends, 0 from magazine, 47.5 from social
media and 15 from television.
1. Is online transaction useful mode of payment?

Agree 52 64%
Strongly agree 24 30%
Disagree 4 5%
Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 80 100%
agree
stongly agree
disagree
strongly disagree
Interpretation:
From the above responses it can be seen that out of 80 respondents, 52 Agree, 24 strongly
Agree, 4 Disagree and 0 strongly disagree to the usefulness of online transactions.
9. Which device do you use for making the payment via E-Wallet?
Mobile 60 75%
Computer 0 0
Both 18 22.5%
Other source 2 2.5%
Total 80 100%
Mobile
Computer
Both
Other source
Interpretation:
From the above response it can be seen that out of 80 respondents, 60 respondents use Smart
phones, 0 respondents use Computer, 18 respondents use both, and 2 use other source for
making payment via E-Wallet.
10. Which application do you prefer for online transactions?

PAYTM 38 47.5%
Google pay 20 25%
Phone PE 22 27.5%
Other 0 0
Total 80 100%
Paytm
google pay
phonepe
other
Interpretation:
From the responses it can be seen that out of 80 respondents, 20 are using Google Pay, 38 are
using PAYTM, 22 are using Phone PE 18 are not at all using online transactions and 0 under
any other category.
11. What you keep in mind when you use online transactions?
Discount 6 7.5%
Premium offer 8 10%
Cash back 56 70%
Other 10 12.5%
Total 80 100%
discount
premium offer
cash back
other
Interpretation:
From the above responses it can be seen that out of 80 respondents, 6 respondents go for
Discount Availability, 8 go for Premium Offer, 56 go for Cash back, and 10 go for other.
12. For which purpose you mainly use online transactions option?
Options Reponses Percentage
Money transfer 0 0
Recharge 10 12.5%
Bill payment 4 5%
All of the above 66 82.5%
Total 80 100%
money transfer
recharge
bill payment
all
Interpretation:
From the responses it can be seen that out of 80 respondents, 0 among them are using
online transactions for money transfer, 12.5 for recharge, 5for Utility and Bill payment,
82for all of the above mentioned options.
13. How often do you use these applications for online transactions?
Daily 24 30%
Weekly 34 42.5%
Monthly 20 25%
Yearly 2 2.5%
Total 80 100%
daily
weekly
monthly
yearly
Interpretation:
From the responses it can be seen that out of 80 respondents, 24 are using online
transactions daily, 34 use 2 or 3 times a week, 20 are using on monthly basis 2 are using in
a year.
14. How much average money do you spend on online transactions?

Less than 1000 20 25%
1000-10000 52 65%
10000-50000 8 10%
More then 50000 0 0
Total 80 100%
less than 1000

1000-10000
10000-50000
more than 50000
Interpretation:
From the above responses it can be seen that out of 80 respondents, 20 respondents spend
Less than 1000, 52 respondents spend 1000- 10000, 8 respondents spend 10000-50000 and
0 respondents spend more than 50000 on Online transactions.
15. How do you rate the online transactions that you have used?
Satisfied 66 82.5%
Highly satisfied 12 15%
Dissatisfied 2 2.5%
Highly dissatisfied 0 0
Total 80 100%
satisfied
highly dissatisfied
dissatisfied
highly dissatisfied
Interpretation
From the responses it can be seen that out of 80 respondents, 66 respondents are Satisfied, 12
are Highly Satisfied, 2 respondents are Dissatisfied and 0 respondents are Highly Dissatisfied
with the usage of Online transactions.
16. Do you want to continue using online transactions?

Likely 52 67.5%
Very likely 24 30%
Unlikely 2 2.5%
Very unlikely 0 0
Total 80 100%
likely
verylikely
unlikely
veryunlikely
Interpretation:
From the above responses it can be seen that out of 80 respondents , 54 respondents responded
for Likely, 24 responded for Very Likely, 2 for Unlikely and 0 responded for Very Unlikely
for continuation of Online transactions.
17. Do you face any obstacles while using the online transactions?
Security 20 25%
Time consuming 12 15%
Loss of money 14 17.5%
International transaction 34 42.5%
Total 80 100%
security
time consuming
loss of money
international transction
Interpretation:
From the above responses it can be seen that out of 80 respondents, 20 respondents face
obstacles in Security of mobile payments, 12 respondents face obstacles in Too much time
consuming, 14 respondents face obstacles in Danger of losing money and 34 respondents face
obstacles that Online transactions cannot be used for International transactions.
18. Why do you prefer online transactions over other payment modes?
Time saving 38 47.5%
24 hours access 36 45%
Demonetised Effect 2 2.5%
Other 4 5%
Total 80 100
time saving
24 hours access
demonetised effect
other
Interpretation:
From the above responses it can be seen that out of 80 respondents, 38 responded for Time
saving, 36 responded for 24 Hours access, 2 responded for Demonetised effect and 4
responded for other reason.
19. Do you think online transactions should be widely used and available in
India?
Agree 48 60%
Strongly agree 22 22.5%
Disagree 8 15%
Strongly disagree 2 2.5%
Total 80 100%
agree
stronglt agree
disagree
strongly agree
Interpretation:
From the above responses it can be seen that out of the 80 respondents, 48 Agree, 18 strongly
Agree, 2 Disagree and 2 strongly Disagree that Online transactions are secured.
20. Would you likely to refer your friend to use online transactions?
Likely 48 60%
Very likely 18 22.5%
Unlikely 12 15%
Very unlikely 2 2.5%
Total 80 100%
likely
very likely
unlikely
very unlikely
Interpretation:
From the above responses it can be seen that out of 80 respondents , 48 respondents responded
for Likely, 18 responded for Very Likely, 12 for Unlikely and 2 responded for Very Unlikely
to refer friend to use Online transactions.
Hypothesis testing
Meaning It is a statistical test used to determine whether the hypothesis assumed for the
sample of data stands true for the entire population or not. Simply, the hypothesis is an
assumption which is tested to determine the relationship between two data sets.
• One-tailed and Two-tailed tests
A test of a statistical hypothesis, where the region of rejection is on only one side of the
sampling distribution is called a one-tailed test. For example\, suppose the null hypothesis
states that the mean is less than or equal 10. The reason of rejection would consist of a range
of numbers located on the right side of sampling distribution that is, a set of numbers greater
than 10.
• Level of significance
Level of significance refers to criteria of judgement upon which a decision is made regarding
the value stated in a null hypothesis. The criteria based on the probability of obtaining a
statistic measured in a sample if the value stated in the null hypothesis were true.
CHI SQUARE TEST

The Chi-square test is an important test among the several tests of significance developed by
statisticians .The test was developed by Professor Fisher and first time used by Karl Pearson.
Chi square, symbolically written as X2 (pronounced as Chi-square) , is a statistical measure
used in the context of sampling analysis for comparing a variance to a theoretical variance . As
a nonparametric test, it can be used to determine if categorical data shows dependency or the
two classifications are independent. It can also be used to make comparisons between
theoretical populations and actual data when categories are used. Thus, the chi square is
applicable in large number of problems.
The test is, in a technique through the use of which it is possible for all researchers to -
1. Test the goodness of fit.
2. Test the significance of association between two attributes and
3. Test the homogeneity or the significance of population variance.
Characteristics of chi-square test
Following are the important characteristics of X2 test -

• As this test is non-parametric test hence it is based on the frequencies and not on the
parameters like mean and standard deviation.
• The test is used for testing the hypothesis and is not for estimation.
• This test can also be applied to a complex contingency table with several classes and as such
is very test in research work.
• This test is an important non-parametric test as no rigid assumptions are necessary in regard
to the type of population, no need of parameter values and relatively less mathematical
details are involved.
• It is used when there is a need of comparing between expected and observed frequencies.
• Chi square distribution is a skewed distribution particularly with smaller degree of freedom
and as the sample size and degree of freedom increases and becomes large, chi square
distribution approach normality.
Importance of Chi-Square Test
Chi-square test enables us to find out the degree of discrepancy between observed and
expected frequencies also known as theoretical frequency and then to determine whether the
discrepancy so obtained is due to error of sampling or error of chance. Hence, chi square test
enables us to compare observed and expected frequencies objectively, since it is not possible
to tell just by looking at them whether they are different enough to be considered statistically
significant. Statistically significance in this case implies that differences are not due to chance
alone, but instead may be indicative of other processes at work.
Practical Application of Chi- Square Test Conditions for the application of chi-square
test
•Observations recorded and used are collected on a random basis.
• All the items in the sample must b e independent.
• No group should contain very few items, say less than 10. In case where the frequencies are
less than 10, regrouping is done by combining the frequencies of adjoining group so that the
new frequencies become greater than 10. Some statistician take this number as 5, but 10 is
regarded as better by most of the statisticians.
• The overall number of items must also b e reasonable large .It should normally be at least 50
, howsoever small the number the groups may be.
• The constraints must be linear. Constraints which involve linear equations in the cell
frequencies of a contingency table are known as linear constraints.
Hypothesis Testing Questions-
1. Gender
A. Male
B Female
2. Do using online transactions promote cashless payment?
A Yes
B No
Analysis of above hypothesis testing questions
Male Female Total

Yes 42 18 60
No 8 12 20
Total 50 30 80
For the purpose of applying Chi square test 80 respondents have been taken into consideration.
The application of Chi square test has been done on the frequency of 2 hypothesis testing
questions. The respondents have been chosen randomly from the population (area of
research).The steps to be followed for calculating the value of chi square test-
STEP 1: FORMULATION OF HYPOTHESIS
The very first step is the formulation of null and alternate hypothesis.
Null Hypothesis (Ho):“More males are saying that online transaction promotes cashless
payment’
.Alternate Hypothesis (Ha):“More females are saying that online transaction promotes
cashless payment”.
STEP 2: PREPARATION OF Table
A 2*2 is prepared with the help of total columns of analysis sheet.

AB =42 aB=8
Aβ=18 aβ =12
STEP 3: CALCULATION OF EXPECTED FREQUENCIES
Then the expected frequencies are calculated on the basis of formed hypothesis corresponding
to each cell by formula. The expected frequency for any given cell is worked out as under:
Expected frequency of any cell=
(Row total for the row of that cell) * (Column total for the column of that cell) / Grand
Total
E=R1*C1/N
Where,
Ei= expected frequency

R1= sum total of rows in which E lies
C1 = Sum total of columns in which E lies.
N= Total number of samples
Expected frequencies are as follows:
(Group A) AB= (60*50)/80 = 37.5
(Group B) Aβ= (60*30)/80 = 22.5
(Group C) aB= (20*50)/80 = 12.5
(Group D) aβ=(20*30)/80= 7.5
STEP 4: PREPARATION OF CHI SQUARE TABLE
Obtain the difference between observed and expected frequencies and find out the squares of
such differences i.e., calculate (O- E). Divide the quantity (O-E) obtain as stated above by the
corresponding expected frequencies to get (O-E)/E and this should be done for all the cell
frequencies.
CHI- SQUARE TABLE

Group Observed Expected (0-E) (O-E)2 (O-E)2 /E
frequency frequency
AB 42 37.5 4.5 20.25 0.54
Aβ 18 22.5 -4.5 20.25 0.9
aB 8 12.5 -4.5 20.25 1.62
Aβ 12 7.5 4.5 20.25 2.7
STEP 5: Find the summation of values (O-E)2 /E . This is the required value.
From the above table total of (O-E)2 /E is 5.76
X2= 5.76 CALCULATION OF VALUE OF CHI-SQUARE
STEP 6: CALC Degree of freedom is calculated in supposition that in a certain lot of sample
there can be some defective items, the lot may not be good .Hence we need to decide the
number of items to be tested and the criteria for accepting or rejecting the hypothesis.
Here, the degree of freedom is calculated by the given formula:
Degree of freedom= (R-1) (C-1) where,
R=Total no. of rows.
C=Total no. of columns.
Here, degree of freedom= (2-1) (2-1) =1 ULATION OF DEGREE OF FREEDOM

STEP 7: DEGREE OF SIGNIFICANCE
Level of significance means that researcher is willing to take a certain percentage of risk with
a probability of rejecting true Ho).Hence a level of significance is decided. Here, level of
significance is taken as 5%.
STEP 8: FINDING OUT THE TABLE VALUE
Table value is found at after deciding level of significance and degree of freedom from the
table. Here, taking 5% level of significance and 1 degree of freedom, the table value comes
out to be 3.84.
RESULT-
From the above calculations, calculated value is 5.76 and the table value is 3.841 which means
we have to go for alternate hypothesis as the calculated value is more than the table value.
CHAPTER 5 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
SUMMARY
The “ Bhopal's response towards for online transactions ” research work can be summarized as
people on an average use online applications 2 or 3 times in a week and it is used for all the
purposes but mainly for shopping as maximum responses were for shopping. And people find
online transactions convenient because of its flexibility .Most of the people think that online
transaction service has provided them 24 hour access for it which is not possible in offline
mode of transaction. And also most of the people on the other side don’t use online mode
because of lack of knowledge, security threat and many more reasons are there. It provides
better work and life experience with it and also manages work and side by side. People can
use online applications for shopping, payment, booking etc anywhere without being physically
present. It saves time of people and it is very easy to use.
CONCLUSION
The objective of the study was to portray the idea of online transaction services and to prove
the hypothesis framed in the study. After the analysis and interpretation of the data it can be
concluded that females are saying that online transaction services promotes cashless payment
than men. Objective of the study was to get into the inside that how many people are using it
and what is the majority among male and female who are using it. However it can be
concluded that out of 80 more are males but alternative hypothesis is coming true as females
are saying using more online transaction services promotes cashless transactions. As the
growing of online transactions it had a great impact on youth and even on senior citizens also
some have taken it positively and some have negatively.
REFERENCES
1. KYRIAKI G. GIOTA GEORGE KLEFTARAS. “The role of personality and depression in

problematic use of social networking sites”
2.UYYGARER BAHIRE EFE OZAD AND GULEN. “Attachment needs and social
networking sites, social behaviour and personality”
3. CR Kothari Gaurav Garg(2014) Research Methodology methods and techniques New Age
International (P) Limited.
QUESTIONNAIRE
This questionnaire is developed for assessing ‘ROLE OF ONLINE TRANSACTION AND

IT’S IMPACT ON THE PEOPLE.
Name - _______________________________________
Address - _______________________________________
Contact No. - _______________________________________
Email ID - _______________________________________
Questions:-
Q.1 Age
a) Below 20 b) 21 - 30 c)31 – 40 d)41 - 50+
Q.2 Gender:
a) Male b) Female c) Other
Q.3 Qualification:
a) 12th + b) Under graduate c)Post graduate d) other
Q.4 Annual Income:
a) 1 lakh- 2.5 lakh b) 2.5 lakh- 5 lakh c) 5 lakh & more d) NiL
Q.5 Do you use online transaction for Financial Transaction?
a) Yes b) No
Q.6 Are you aware regarding the functionality of Online Transaction?
a) Fully aware b) Partially aware c) Not aware
Q.7 From where did you get the information about online transaction?
a) Social media b) Friends c) Magazine d) Television
Q.8 Are online transaction useful mode of payment?

a) Agree b) Strongly agree c) Disagree d)Strongly Disagree
Q.9 Which device do you use for making the payment via E-
wallet?
a) Smartphone b) Computer c) Both d) other source
Q.10 Which application do you prefer the most?
a) Paytm b) Google Pay c) Phone Pe d) other
Q.11What you keep in mind when you use online transaction?
a) Discount available b) Premium offers c) Cash back d) other
Q.12What is your purpose of using Online Transaction?
a) Money Transfer b) Recharge
c) Utility & Bill Payment d) All of the above
Q.13 How often do you use Online transaction?
a) Daily b) Weekly c) Monthly d) Yearly
Q.14 How much average money do you spend on online transaction ?
a) Less than 1000 b) 1000-10,000
c) 10,000- 50,000 d) More than 50,000
Q.15 How do you rate the Online transactions that you have used?
a) Satisfied b) Highly Satisfied

c)Dissatisfied d) Highly Dissatisfied
Q.16Would you want to continue using online transaction?
a) Likely b) Very Likely c) Unlikely d) Very Unlikely
Q.17 Do you face any obstacles while using online transactions?
a) Security of mobile payment
b) Too much time consuming
c) Involves Danger of losing money
d) Cannot be used for International Transaction
Q.18 Why do you prefer Online transaction over other payment modes?
a) Time saving b) 24 Hours access

c) Demonetised effect d) other
Q.19 Do you think online transaction should be widely used and available in India?
Q.20 Do you believe your transactions are secured?

A Project Report ON: Online Transaction

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PROJECT SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE

BACHELOR OF COMMERCE (COMPUTER APPLICATION)

ST. JOSEPHS’S DEGREE & PG COLLEGE

(AFFILIATED TO OSMAINA UNIVERSITY)

This is to certify that SHAYEESTA TABASSUM is a bonafide student of

This is to certify that SHAYEESTA TABASSUM of B.COM (COMPUTER

DATE: SIGNATURE OF THE GUIDE

This is to certify that SHAYEESTA TABASSUM of

External Examiner Internal Examiner

This is to certify that MAZA AYAZ is a bonafide student of B.COM

This is to certify that MAZA AYAZ of B.COM (COMPUTER

DATE: SIGNATURE OF THE GUIDE

This is to certify that MAZA AYAZ of B.COM COM III

External Examiner Internal Examiner

This is to certify that SHAYESTA TABASSUM is a regular student of “St Joseph’s

Mrs Shruti Shatri

Mrs Shruti Shatri

I here by state that the information related to my project on

DATE: SHAYEESTA TABASSUM

INTRODUCTION TO THE TOPIC

1.1 GOOGLE PAY

3.1 TYPES OF RESERCH MEDTHODOLOGY

3.3 RESERCH PROCESS

3.4 AREA OF MY RESEARCH

3.5 TOOLS USED FOT MY RESERCH

DATA REPRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Introduction Introduction to the topic

Benefits of Google Pay

• Multiple cash back and rewards benefits.

• Encryption and multiple layers of security by Google to secure transaction. • Pay

• No additional cost of usage.

PAYTM ("Pay-T-M", pronounced similar to ATM) is an E-payment and financial

Advantages of Going Cashless or Digitisation -

• Discounts and freebies.

• Reduced risk of losing money

Disadvantages of Going Cashless or Digitisation

• Increased risk of identity theft

• High chances of overspending.

• Increased risk of identity theft.

1. BURNS defines ‘’ research as a systematic investigation to find answer to a problem’’

Types of research study

(B) Analytical Study: Includes critical evaluation of already available Facts.

(D) Fundamental/Basic/Pure Study: Deals with formulation of theory or gathering

2. To find out the hidden facts.

3. To gain the new insights of the study.

4. To portray the accurate characteristics of a particular individual, situation or a group.

5. To test the hypothesis

7. To attain the target by reaching the conclusion

8. To suggest remedial measure of the problem.

4. Develop a working hypothesis

10. Data interpretation and generalization.

4. Developing a working hypothesis. A hypothesis is a tentative assumption regarding the

5. Research proposal. A research proposal is a brief summary outlining the objectives of

(a) The sample design

(b) Data collection design

(c) Instrument design

Statistical Data: An Introduction

Types of Data and Data Collection

Primary Data Collection Methods

Secondary Data Collection Methods