CHAPTER 3 ECONOMIC DECISION MAKING: DESIGN OF A SOLVENT RECOVERY SYSTEM To tlussate how process aerate an be generated and the se of order ‘magitde saloon o ake e=nome deco we corset the vey Sime ‘ample ofthe deni fs arent reser se, 31_PROBLEM DEFINITION AND GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS ‘We assume that sept «proces dvgn problem there ea stream containing ‘oid ar pllton)" The deg question ef interests: Should we recover some of eonoac Potential “pillance the profes niall we Go wot Know what action fhe mextone me imei attempt fo fcones bat ater than send ne on ths deon we mel Tair he caulaion ow compete recvery” Thur we aelte a ono potenti (EP) a EP Pood Vale Raw Mat Cost aun sie we ae caren bursing the aeons EP = (103 mo 90.27 5458 a1 bye) S151 10%ye oy Operating Fie eis conventional pratt report operating os of seam costo an annual oss Dien cimpanis ue ssnewhat diferent belaes forthe mune of {pean ours ore, an they aay even se rent values for ifeeat ypes peje We wilus M50 eit fo continuous proces and 7500 for Thin operating tine tudes Schedled shutdomes for mastenance. (eplnned dovtame eto mechanical fates andor prods lowes cauned ‘reaps lmitations oF lock of fed) races Ateroatives “The seat question me mk i: How can we recover the ations? From our Inonfedge of eit opctations we might it he letatves shown in Table 3. ‘Ne miph te ale te thnk ef oterakereatves and v0 me need to make some Jolemect bout wing comeationl technology vera the ost of ding the ‘Ehetopment work equired to design and evaluate unconventional altro, iene cone berate itera 2 hip74 secran a2 bs OF 4s at orton the cheapest process, However, at pefleum cempanes ete 0 ‘Se condensation or absorption ystems cab the companies hve much mote epson algae end Gprting hae (pan of en erthernory, oly for Sendors sll adsorpoon equipment “Thu, we ae again required to make 8 Pitqees comeatog tir toy a bctuhar whee we bere © meet On of ‘aperence yrs sg steshnology her we have much las expenence. We ‘Shou baw he dessin onthe reine costs swe a he Fs, Ce vans ‘OF cours we do not know the cost ofthe aoe alernatives ua we design ea of tem. We do not srcsury Waa to develop gore desis {nly tae (ot best) we mould nly one of ther Hence, we oly want {nce scent acctacy ia out scenty calclaion to detemige which tSheratv the cheaper (rose wheter they have abou! he ame cost) aed ‘hen we wl develop 2 rgreus design if we deci to Bul the posse. ‘On umerousocuson eden we can develop umber of alemutives ‘at apear avi they wll do the jb If we do oot know whi lereative he ‘hoapen, we auld consider designing them aly dome quick deen sel tons we an sip the design elo equ to make Geos A2_DESIGN OF A GAS ABSORBER: FLOWSHEET, MATERIAL AND ENERGY BALANCES, AND STREAM COSTS ‘We aia decide o consider the desig of as absorber Best, ltough we ‘roess we mph bul. This very simple desig probe Musas the we of ‘ret cakulations ies of hum, an eter pros eeaies lowshets and Alternatives 0 Gas Absorption Before we can do any cautions it 6 necesary to liven «ower for the proces: The simplest posite Howser We might inogie shown it Fit 321 rear water aa scent (Cece its cheap) to pecoer stone smn the ale ‘cum nthe gu baer an hen weal the aston produ rom the water fn throw aay the water environmental contains may pele this pos tyrs0 we include act for pation eaten) OF eos, we could eye he procs ler 1 the gu bearer ae Fig. 322) andin th way me would Av [nyenviconmantlproblens weusel anything tet has water 54 SDE we ‘woul away esover and rece the solvent israsonsblto question wheter dscding the proses in Fig 32:1, cam ever be stfed even when 2 poltion tea {halt The oa jutication based onthe lempeatre of te procs wate ‘nering the po aburber If ecjele proces sede col the ep sea Sh cooling me, Norely we assume tht cooling water saab from the Cooling ters t 90°F fons bot sume ay) a that must eretured tote Seotag toners tt temperature fas thn TAF (lo prevent cneive sale Formation onthe echangr susie) Then fe szume a HP ding treat te eid end of he exchange, the recycled proces mater il ett he ps absorber lowes, fe wie well water athe sole, the the emperate ofthe water fd othe aborber might be 77°, of psy Tse i vantages 10 “reat the ander ts fw a terperioe so possible wich we an acive76 sew 32 or oF #8 mone ll water avaiable ay solvent and if we do wot teycle the water This {Wa raw material component is wed a the solvent in a gs shorker a2 This, me fin hat me have tno alernairefowsbees. we do ot know hic hc cheaper, we shoul design bath In aon, me mast vente wheter Sr vealy want ows water the soient We arbtanly choose Lo conider be owshert shown a Fig 12+ nt teat the imps Material Halaese DISTRIBUTION OF COMPONENTS. Osce we have specied a Howsbect, we ‘ty oem te components tht wll apea in vey Sean. The ie as ‘how tothe absorber nen nthe proba ssement ne 103m of acetone nds? mol fair we mc well water a stent the the ie solvent sea ‘Sure mater The gu avng the abvorer wil contin si, some tome (we eat ‘sever obama complete renter). and some wate! Sc water Beals Iteapenie ne neg! his oven losin our dex clations Howey ny eter sore sued anit nade the sen Ie in the econcomie stage are demonstrate ter, "The esd scar to the dilation colun wil contain water, most of he eto, sone dsl ai Probably meee neglet ts dsl i in O4 ‘rate f dep clon, att i seat to Fecopaze that we MOS! put = ‘eon the dtilation ola conden to preven heaton fin hs ‘ni "The overbea fom the ds ‘ermal, we nou be gon «pod epentcatn or the prodet stem, wich ‘sould cespond to eter the specaton tha the company eased when {hey ued snone as enw mtr o the epciention thatthe marketing soup ‘tou indicate won they try to tel th astone However, even if we Bi he {tone composion inthe overbnd of the dilaton cola, we sll cannot ‘Stclte an acetone matral lane unl we set some nermaton shout he eto ving inthe ther two steams. RULES OF THUME Ofcourse, we can ove 900, 0 988% oF whee, ‘tthe atone the as abort sinply by adie more ays othe op of the fractional rocvery, but the value of the atone let tthe fe syste il entine to darease Ths hte an optimum fretionl tse Simnly,there ia pti rina recovery overhead ne dition ‘olunn As wea more ad mre pats the stipine sion th clays the lcs Increase, bat he sale ofthe actone ln tothe suede "We canno! find the optinim factional evens of acetone inher the sober ofthe stl umes we carry denied design th esr Frkermore, i not len that we wt tof the optimum design conditions til we have decided to bud sm absorption process onc, frou is st ‘abealtions we Bae the ign lef thes Ret) eis desirable to eover more than 99% fl value materi (we normaly c= 957 every an it {et of material balices. The geste the scent fw rate the ewer erequedoachiewe nd rsctonal econ) he abrroer, B the trcter the loud wn the datilaten column. Th there an pti svn New fate Again. we peer nat optim deg a the ssecaing nage hans ‘alae and $0 we we another ral of thar ofthe sat Bow Foran othe ite abso, chose sich hat = Ldn 82-3) West dics th ale of thm’ ter RACE MATERIAL HALANGES. i he of thm 2 eh forard ett cathe matral bare Forte scent ea TPF and 1 aim, y = 6.7 and P* ~ 32, so that = na a on = LG = 142024687) = 196m 25 Fora 985% recovery of nctoue in th gs aor, the aston st 1005103) = OUStS mie 026 ant the atone Flow tothe dilation column (0565103) ~ 10.25 mode 027 19987 ofthe acon entrng thes i recovered overhead, we obtain 9951025) = 1020 02 ‘Aa. the prac composton of acetone pied to he 0%, the amount of ‘nthe prod ru il be (Fa) 029-00 me 029)0 econ nema or sna “Then the bottom flows of atone and water are (00051025 = 0005 mor 0210) ana 190-01 = 19129 mote aay APPROMIMATE MATERIAL BALANCES. Even hough these materiale ‘Rieti re very spe and gc, ascording fo the cninaring method we do ‘ot want odo any clclations ules he proves wih infant information, “Thun we nan oxo the pony of developing et of watt balances that are smout coret (with 107,or80) with theisinum amount of or We ‘eed ocala the solvent alata the sameway as we did befor, bat ‘imple way of sbaeing god etinster ofthe oter Bows im sbore hat 9.5% recovery (or any recovery eater han 9972) i ste eqaialent oa 100% evovey acl we a wing o tlre 10% ‘Sten then te aectne Row in te dation column overhead bacomes 103 ‘eno 102 Ale sine 4 942 uotope compost'on the tat seni the {in a 1002, scone the nner ow iain he tom ofthe clem cou be (rien a2 190, yess 19429, Somat, the eed steam (othe sil becomes To's molt ofaceone and 190 mor of water, sere 1025 1948 TIS we ee that me sential ake no ror in he sets Rows i we merely assume 100% fecovener and pre stems and then jst write dow th ws “Ofcourse we cannot tn the design a th gus bserbe or he sill on 100% recoveres Mersver, ne wosk! De fo estimate the aclane less fom the hovter overhead and the stl titoms Homeve, suppose we wie 925% Teeoweres for thew cacvaons) Our materi lanes il 0 longer quite ance although they ae cera wit 107 ofthe exact answers but ur ‘akulotion elo wil decease. The ravings time are nota for ths Sle probie, but it an efor compex plat designs. This we we apres ule balances for stein elelations throughout this text aKough we ‘rouid mate rigorous material Balances 4s we proceed wih final design ‘lean SOLVENT L038. For cate where we we a sent other than water ad ne ‘Reon and cil hic solvent, ae ahown in ig 32-2, esta to existe {he Tos oft Slvet ante sscrer exter stream very ey Inthe dai cuits For a low peeware tuner, the pity carection ators ate tevin the vapor hgud elt ralainship for the solvent can he ‘ten ae Pinas e219 ‘wit ester han 99% resovery ofthe oat, these composition onthe top uay willbe esenally nal e219) 1 a solvent ic sd shat fo he harologous serie wit th slate, then zat e210 » snd we can write yo Pils 2s) mn OnnG e219 ry ‘Stream costs Once we have existed the material alin, we culate the ACETONE-WATER PROCESS For the totonester sem with no eying ‘nd 9837; recoveries we fad fromm cur aproninate mate bans the Tatlowing ‘Aectane les in absorber ovebed assume 07/6) ($0277 yma00515 mola KISO Rr) = S669 217) ‘Acct lst in il Bost (602775438 nal{O0515 mol ACO He/y) = SsHONIe 3.2.48) Polatontetmest costs (assume $0256 BOD and Iason! BOD) ae (60257 HODK! Ib HOD eetone SH ymelKLOSS mol AeXE150 by) soi, O21) ‘Sever charges (assume $02/009 ea ate amy tal (BE, EEE oe mmoemnnonsyy san 6239 ‘Solent wae (assume 80.78/10 gal) (ec) ‘Sie cach of tee enti esetly nei compre to te econo osetia of 1.315 10 per year wo man fo sais devlopang the desig Ao ‘esottht tere ite mths sng oe irons mel elanees or ting very accurate cons forthe polation extmeat system, ta fc mea {kate 100% eros ot calculations, andthe contain of meg ost il not be seed (8 Wyck mel eNS150 9) sso0}y¢ 2.21) (COST OF SOLVENT LOSS. Suppose we abo comider using meh nou tone (MIBK) as solvent ade eee the MIBK II P= 0257 at at 77 y= Lat, on Eq 32-16 4 fin ha IDK tos asta $03575 = S35 33 ma {402571687 mete 180 be) Seater oz90 sac 2 meme oF 8 amon nen compe thi valu (othe economic esx that we nat to Fee eeer ting MIMK aca went Moreover weave lo that we id no AOE pa fo eae th sro i rene et he tem. vane that our eon docs not depend to any ra eet 01 Ae ccaon Thane we economic alata be eid oP ‘Re sowag we mnt or ot deg acultions ray Balance forthe Acetone Absorber ee ethan peter than 99% covets aL ~ in) 10 table fo [Srites set af tee tle should not be sreisng that the sane rE encvumlred wen met to wie nergy tances Thus, we ned 06 ‘Eh ef soea emperors nore to estimate the easy ows Sines the int composton te the gu awarber i alte dite, we might sume thatthe sbsrte wl ort etbermaly. Hence, i the gas and gd Scams ening the avert te at 7F, we assune that the seams Ae a th cometemperatore oe Fi 329) “We donot wan to stor ovr pest steam tte ling point. we install product cooker, With coling wer table t 90°F anda IO divi {eb tenpeatre of the peda sm leaving tbe product cooker wil te 00° ‘Our sone prt cet 17; water. But ater than eault the Buble foi fhe ite we might neil thatthe temperate ofthe overhead ‘senate some ete boing post of acetone (L367), Le ne eet ta the cro nealing the beat lad ofthe product cooler cused Dy this iE .Spuon wil be negpbe Siar, we ature that the tom seam fom ihe a se 212 eau thre only 005 mol of acetone a eompared (0 ain TPR TPP 1969 mo of wate) a tht me must cool te waste sam £0100 ooking tater temperature) proc to pellaion Weatment meu be beter o assume tht ‘ie boton ofthe alm it5 tT pater than attospherie presse, at iin the eo willbe ssl) ‘We stl mast secs the temperate of he seam enteing the station olunn Sturt ail feds rete mos common cane and 0 ke mht 59 {Ehpeatre of °F on 010} ml of acetone and 1943 ol of water) Aine ‘pect that a ese aloe wllente fo neste he oa thst preheater ‘hut oelting te bobie pot of he fed mare ot covectog or 2 elunn Speating posure ol to 10 pS edo ot pect he stream elring the distin clr lose ‘hel atthe hea lod the tl hee wl aren Thus the ota ens ‘dando the chester ar the sl eb i eseatily consant. However foun we prt ees the ed beste normally we ca se 2 Ba process ‘trem hat nes to bcos dwn ae he source ie rather than ig sca fiom itty sao Hence, we need to conser the energy iteration of the ENERGY BALANCES. Once we hve sped he seam temperatures and we haveestmate lhe steam fs ti simple mate fo xzlat the et loads the various sucams by wing the expression OFC Ted 229 “Then we cou desde on heat-exchanger setwork anf eka the Beat ‘rehanper ven te anoualtd heat-exchanger cpt oss on the iy cos For a snple prcces sch at the one we are conser, th would be 2 Festal, pocedre In genera however, we wot fo nery-tgate the Seotherscppr heat lor with thowe of the remainder ofthe proesy and Iheeore me defer the ener analysis PROCESS ALTERNATIVE Ino section af the steam empertires, We note, {har the sul teow wa alost pure water (0S mol sestane aad 1543 mol of ‘rte For three th coluna oer es 25pm to generate seta Sper ste that etre fo the corn. Ars proces alleoatie, we ould inate the eben ve steam ote cole aya perl with bis “nyonch,homever,bcsse once the le steam i conden rst go 10 the ‘Paltion eaten stem ad hen lon fo the sever whereas the ster ean {eer wou vaporiee nd yecped throug Ie sed steam sem) Als taser fod water farsa guy (te deminerize, ete) and therefore ore expense than process wate Hee we mst afl the rebols svas oan the cement cot of oer feed water pion entra i ee ‘Shs tose whether this semative & wort pug33. EQUIPMENT DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS i ain oclug tess of the eat exchanges, we must eae the Uie'and com ofthe absorber and the ail Bloe we hepa any calealatons, Teer ee man to undentnd he cause smelt rabontie ofthe design TOTES Mato ee wheter we can simply the normal un-operaons modes Gas Absorber For vheral dite sens, theKremse qiation can be wsed tele the umber of here! ays ogued in hep absorber, = Me an werethles “G) pure water suse an the ent, then, = 0 From the sof thumb dtc ‘ater, we koow that 01 oy and untae a3) We sn ws he Kremser uation and he ras tha to understand te fet he desi variables ‘COLUMN PHESSURE. Suppose ne Joule the ower presi. From Eq 33-3 tre see that Le detcne by 2 actor of 2; but since Lim) = 14 th sue of Fates equed inte ps absorber ee a, 33-1) does nt change Lover valves ‘Pinca tat the sil ed wl be ore copoeazate, be rey aio wil Jecreae, the vapor atm thei Gcrense tectum daneter wil decease, the vies ofthe condenses an rbot wil dzstese, and the team and cooling water ‘euirements wl decrease. Thin decreasing he solvent ow othe gas aborter ‘Sitnones siplcant efector the dein othe wl bl no eat on he mum of {tay ogre in the absorber. {Tie sbverer dimer wil decreas (ecaze ofthe dest eect an malic gud ad), an eed gu compressor wil be requ to obtain the {nerensed psu Since ga comesior are the most expensive 3p f proces ngequpment ory doesn pay oats he resare th ps aborber ‘nt comprescr (In some eas, «high peur canbe obtained by PumpIDE 4 Tui scam to igh presi somebere upsteam othe atorber) Lar 670) _ ‘mitre th acctone shat) then om fq 33-3 we cate gad at bs 4 tor of 67 (and decease the sl cot) However, om Eq. 331 nee that the equa number of plates the asoeber dos not charge EFFECT OF OPERATING TEMPERATURE. Ifwe change thei waterepee sure to 4G then y= and P= 42 anni Ths fom £9 33) wo ee wt azease (tha the sil costs wil nts but he number of absorber trap ee Eq 12) wl remain the ae ‘Systems Approach Verses Unit Operations tat operations the hey fete of procs desgs, Thus, deg care be Ssecomplabed ery by enacting varus wits ad mistakenly taking that sve popelydeagn cach uni, we wi oan proper deg a he whe ast Tose, ve must alvays loka the Bevin of he oa ser, ‘ack of the Envelope Design Equation ‘ed to desiga gin absorbers or botheral operation wb te eds However, ordence th he enpceting method an our tai deste to do clelton: ly ne gui sre signin information frm th ot, ne wuld Ue Co ‘eve the Kramer equation and f evaluate the sigan of ac em. Wed {hs by examining the order of gtd of he vrows term ote eqaton Fete ur conde the let hands of 31 ey there 41 Weare ‘conser with obtiing scat extinates ony te ams hat at expetsne ‘Weenpect tat lative expense sbserer wien 1120 theoretic ays (inecst ofa gas aborber wih ely 2? or 3 Lys Mi probaly be neepble ‘Simp to frnace,a got compre, dilaton clues wih 10t 2D te fic} Iwe decide not to undertake #clclaton vol chant the rel ‘mote thar 10%, then we se hat ne co smpy he ehandieathe Kreme ssuion by wing Forpureslvents, xg ~ 0,an the numerator of te ihn sd comes e+] 36) {Ge{84 seven sere ate comensnens “The ue of thmb oct that seat amt Mm to on a we ape onder mani ererion (1 <4, we ean write a co a (CC) “Te denominator of he igh sd ofthe equation In [mt], can be mare 6110) Now rom 2 Taye expansion, we can write ee ee With thee smplications andrei aby fp. we oan la a crtor we note tha 2304 ~ 6 and (2 log 04) 04 ~ —2 Hence 8 Silo version ofthe Kremer equation Becomes N42 6g os) Now weaves design ution tht wecan slr wtbot calculator. Fora ‘97, recmvery Ea 13 pds 10 rae versus the exact value of 10.1. For Degree te sb yt By 3 ht tion te aon to clang the number of plates the sbrber, we mu ‘ult the Height and diameter These eaaatins aye dizased in Appendix Disiaion Coarse “To separate acctone fom the solvent walt, we wea dilaton column. The {ectone water mie iver oneal and we do not bow of aay shoot rowed for ght mnie separations However. the mates aly «Wn Gouandso ween men McCabe The agro to fed the mumber of ays We 10 st cla the til deter the ie af the coewser and rebrand the tam ane costing water loads. Caletions of thi type a docu in ‘Appendezs A an M3. Proce Alternatives Im aon o completing the gas absorber design, we must og condensation roe and an adsorption process (sel ara membrane proces) before me can falter the actone worth recsverng ans, which pes Sow ‘etcetera re my nat alae fd pins od ‘Soign procures These shore procedure ca tent aed 0 Hmph he Calton sep inthe yates and anal procure, partial daring he ‘ekminry tags of Sig whens age mero aerate beg sen 34 RULES OF THUME, Origa aes of thumb were devetoped by experentd designe A designee ‘might hve optimized the design of 10 abotber stipe ystems aa ou that "he opimiation aways gave vats lowe to L~ Lim and opimer cover ‘peter than 997 Then, whe te levethproblen was encountered, he deiner Spy woe dow the anewer Homer, tay st ruler thumb (or design hearts) ae develope by prada stent wh um S00 to 100 cn ae on Compote lors artclar pele and thn stent to geal he ells posi thal the option alultons evry seve ches SS mow desgn and cont paramere Ifthe espn and cot equations ees, ‘ten he engeeing method indatr that we shouldbe able to simply the equations This ing the order-omgai de arguments spy problems ne ‘ould be able to dre the ue thu The vantage ofa dean of his ‘ype that the ssemptions sedi the nas wl lel notte pet stations of the rl of thu Liquid Flom Rate to Gas Absorbers For isothermal iste gs absorbers the Kremer equation, Eq, 341 cin Yous to cake suber o ryt egeiel for apace eavery a afancton of L) (20) A pot ofthe Krenser equation shown Fig ar From hs paph wesc Mari wepisk Loch tat LG} = Weean never gt hs to compete eevery ‘the sole even i eum ner f ples ie apts) the ‘oles very alabior, wos it tou och ae HEN) cera we il wat {oobi ery ip ecover Thus, we cam conde that we wold eer coe (betas fw rate sch tht Ld) = "We aly sce fom the graph that if we chooee (mG) ~2, we obtain ‘ecotly complete recovery with en fie plats Rememte that ae slsent ow nescorrespnd odes tothe sain column a tere rp= 4 137 = ol | et Ey ag ost 4 Time} —}—] Bk os D4 OF TF 16 20-24 2 32 EA Fc one (Fe Sana Pind Artin el Brin, Me efx rai, hgh vapor tte, argent column, large condenser and bolts, ad high stam and clip water demads Hence ie pick L such that LG) > 2 we wl Oban ny, imenpensneaberbes, but wey apes ‘sed on hese simple arpments wef hat we man to choose Lach tsb<2 oy Ofcom rae Hon et peo the cues ea L(G) = 1Sand wih igh ecovein, we sc thal We mph Sauter wadeof btvca «Sting tuner of pes ee i the absorber (cial cos) andthe increasing cape an epating cst of the ‘ilaon column by seceag Lena, aa Ret gues, seems to be rentable to chocse sch a 642) For ed solves Now rate, we can always increase he recovery ofthe slate Simoly by adieg tani beg absorber Hone, there san eoomi tae of teen an ceasing absorber cov ax we ad tap verse» dectesing le of ‘heroic los One othe a capital con (he abmrber) and one a Operas ‘tthe ote os). senator tm 7 ‘COST MODEL. Ii como pace 10 sept operating ts on anu ‘si, Ths, tocxamine the econo tadeif est snp he capital cos om ‘anand asi Ar dined in Se 25, we annual he cpl Cot by inoducig 0 capital charge factor (CC¥) of Vpn where he CCF ches al ‘piace expenses (precaton epi ad maesaes, ee) A CCF a 1 onesponds to about a 157, icoumted.esh tow rat aur (OCPROR), satq 3st Suppose we write awa anual cont (TAC) models TAC 9) =(C,8m011Cay oly $150 9) Cy Spat YK pte) oy QFTINEME DESIGN. Now, we snp des equation Ey 33.126 TAC = 81506, 596 ("= =) + cy (ston -) aay ‘The optim ecto los piven by atc sy BE 0 306p— 8 6+ The CGF oe we conser some typi ales Gx S15simot Gy, = 1Omole * Cy-=sASOplteye GAT) wei that e0) 54155410) = 0008 own ic oresponds to Frans reovery = 926% 45) 'BEUCFRON a emia coal dean ented one a5 Odme rans Fre panna ce ii SD mn op oe Cl np Meine ‘Seen dene Hele p pin do seth ASensitive “The igniban etre of hs elementary aa tnt the relationship forthe res eee elgn ba. 846 wich eo ect, ut rater te senitity of the pti ee ES yeom ty 24-8 we seth we cam change my ofthe be Setter or the denominator 8) 100%. and te cptima actions se anger 992719 987 Tho the est very eri 0 Shy ofthe deg or om parame, ee sei striyarayenenydemorsate sat hres noncentve forehead oc neal Thi same behavion i chara ean crf Sgn probly ie,therlulions ar ofen ey serie © ‘Aan propey date te fection fon of the desion ewstion, and dese a eit sck sr hea wane occ ot data, Tis god eink Ferret ics hat we cate some en ote sens fe sation Blore eeeend swift amount tine aatering accurate daa of tempting wee cigtclettons That ie want spend as it Ue as pease Tenet sancr and we ment tha aoncro have only enough accuray Yo make Beeson we ae aed th ‘imitations of Raes of Thumb “The rules of thumb we developed nee bth sed onthe Kreme equation, and Teams GUN Wicasce equnon rad ony fo boeral ote oer Thagtan the operating ante quiron nes are stright For a sen Npins the cones the minimum solvent ow rate crrespors (0 the EEENRE Mine botom er ofthe ter when the equi compostion For 2 Be NEdLat coer) bin coulbiom theenering et 6 that on ‘Eich nmber rap eqied a he concrtatd end ofthe colo): se Fi ee Pa ecooomis tedeofls dat hat we want to operat with = L4G AE Mis tactonal recovery. From Fig 342 we vee that thee ress ‘Bhespond to sets pach sone ate top (Been) ofthe aborbet, ‘Peldomantrted metre of slates, the eguitrom ine might be curved. 2 shows in Fp 13 Fora ned econ recover, themniar bgt How ate TRIE, ttc operain line becoming tangent tothe elon curve. A the ‘ijl ow eaten ered we expe th lw ele more ys tog tae em eae than a conespenting change for the date cae, Fie 3425 abd (oda we might enpet tha ing ahem Bow sch tht Lm) some {pence tan tnd temling to sores some ss saute than forthe dis ist wl et us coe othe opin desi cooiitons “eau inmate deren encountered for aiahatic absorbers A ‘hese eves the tem and waben up bythe solvent the ole ves UP PE Gpormtion Ths heat eet coe the temperature of he ig te Haaser approaches the beta eof the tower. Increasing Haid Teor incense vapor pesca the sos and om Ba 32-4 wee {inane ope fh equi Ue ners Thus the minim Has ow ate Die slations: = > « » © inim gi Bow whes ta isin lb with, nme Feed. Tom Fig 34-4 we sce hat a very sal cease inthe sent owe ove the into il sw 24082 Om Yu tf witha wey Ten an However the apeart-crving axtore of the equliteam ine means thatthe rina solvent ow at wil be mach ger ha a corresponding cae where ne {lull manta thermal peraton the same let hgud temperate tn “The miner gid flow rate for an aint absorber {ray be 0 times pester thn he rule oftharb ae Tr Mano based onthe fet bd temperate Gen “This ctample sates that he indiriinte we of eso hub mayen to 22 lope eee geberal, Every le of thumbs some imitations oan From ovr dcuion of the design's adiabatic absorb, we ot that we capes cba ony af plates al abort cost ad arg lui ows re ‘tivcean, which soos esate sation Thus tis common pac 10 pt ‘Seling cis or one or more pamp-aoud coting ope onthe Bt 40 OF {tie tae fe pv amore, fore tt Behave more as an oer fmt ‘he atom of he tomer When Jig = Maan (6 &Agia ssn to understand the nterastion tween rose asin ode to rvlop close 12 an optimum design. Sian, situa change inthe ows (cling cos in he olor ay af an ste!) arma Bae sch [renter pa on the process economist erat opizton cleo (ie Spun Solvent flow sate to an acablic absorber) We en therefore propose ‘Avoid the use fadabatic abscess (ales heres oly {tal teperatre re ars he sorbet). een) 35 SUMMARY, EXERCISES, AND NOMENCLATURE ‘Summary ‘x number af important concepts represented in his caper 1 Proce aernatines 1 lange numberof aes ives canbe generate even fr simple proce 1 Wease sbortct procures to slet the test erative tat We Wl des Pesto, posing tat the proces praeable (We von to spend as ine a poi geting an anv (2) Weenly waa to inclodesutiensecracy tobe bletomakea decision. {@) Weabeay consider the sexsity of our ele 2 Shortt design procedures tes enone base proces fom on 100% ecoveis in sepraions ao eoqupmentsougoron 9.5% recoveres athe seeing age procs sien Onerotmagritde argument canbe sid to simply design uations 2 Rye apeoeth 2 You sould sways consider he ota peobler, 1 Changes in he design varias none it aso) might fet th design 2 ta raw materi fused a een a ps sborber, consider ating the ross though the above Tei double to recover more than 997 of valuable components. 14 Cooling waters avaiable at From coking ower nd ust be rene tothe tower at 120F or. «Atsumes 10 approach perature fo strum coe with cooing water 11s important to semember ha ery rk of uns as seme ations” Baersnes 251 fue wth role lots saa in Fie 322 what re the como ad of (@) Draw fowshest orn cndenston poss for the sco vey problem (© Hftbecondenation oes opetates at 1, what prewute would reuied > (2 Dios youre (0) Dae economia filed inthe ig fa sonfeaton pes ss peer tt ro ‘Sci s the fpe mereess Forppes rata ey aecerminenimil 2m asa ere, ~ ocinue pipe dime ind Qj = valumetre Now ae (HY, p= Sentry Goth m= voc Ph, R= SNbSIheke F-08, H8ND h, E03 po 4k, ~ Oz and X= S089 Many nuts pacino tad gh Canoe Ey 31 Geese ha re ely? ‘Seta omer frpn ate ctu era hay eta ing "es the bling pst sgh eh ree Can ose nko thee ie seen een enter ‘apaian ution rests sa we ae sole 7% pion) ESL. RM tae tH fr hl gs a2 cross my ERR MAE cent inthe ist coun ante ie emai ton cou ‘Senn canyon ean theremin o) Reand Marh A tee #02906 125 cmeptyar-m(pfaje-y a fie Naty an Mant an Me! poe ome eng {htcaperatenatney ccm samang th RR = rand cme 2.84 Come he eign of teehee sin en vane» = 2908 Fook. tind bath he sponte an the mame ay xa he fecihingaad ssn ston heed steam a 1H at 306 he ied emt secs codon ao eat helen oe th ‘Compre the tol ha np at umber eye eae br ee 347 Aimee ee at chet at CORTELATNE Mr areuediereipenion coon ange a hat SST me rh ae Fe evn hs ony {TET tyeaneowe ies sematenretanpoc ten {pot Mo "ook Stns Satin Pres AKC Moin Art. Mote. ch fn Sm Ser Ne 4.9 secruom 93 summany, enencies ano wowewcrarone 93 ‘te ane con ft hang pa ening meen mis he ae TAC A Cay Cate + CM G8 ass) ‘Wee vos frente t exchange an sow that E355 race c.26 (aI es feral tse peer than Tw spy he epenion by {1 ah thi agponmnion show ta te ‘rehab poner he 7 He we aa wee ater we set Ty" 7 ‘isha the mn se te aE 337) Tw 5 an, Tmt s Cohan tee owns GF a cae wate Cy F186. F508 Cita Pl, wma Rey O20 Babe RPL Cy Sdepsuiony ye. i= 9387 Bath T= 26, Ty SF, am soz 40 ‘nual eu a doe loon Tat fran ABCD) np es - 189)sa thon me hs ret cae, aig arp ABCD) 2 a no ges owed) Bis ta et es) ‘Seg had se Saheb a 93% of he Ce {Lt heb resi os thigh eonnersoes bt tec fo wl te ral acpi sl Tic ope sain ls sc= (om «tn: 3,) osm sare he on 78 coronds the ee Rw, EY crept othe cof th ye Bow onthe an oh aupmen the eyeop an 1) InCiAi ~neowepons othe ener eon lt the rae con, he aca dhe ota ana ower covet Can Jo ops ero a rt wea jov cpa ta or bet wal sal ald ‘Nomenctature A, ea of water cooler) 4, Aes oa exchanger 0) C,_—Anmuaine cow of eat exchanger (SKR*- ye) CEs Concent fea of parton Gp Annuals con por pte [pate -71)) Cl Meet capuciy [Bjtmal“F) or Bie “F)) So hon dhe san Sang 4p: ast of steam (08) Sole vale sm (Cos of oting wate (ye) Oma pre dace ‘lonome penta Fo efi ng 352) Gara Scent te ola) ‘Sop of eum Go 32-4 ering presumes hve unui ot i mt ‘Vivo rere of ue mos hve he se at Fat, Fest quali eat od (Bho) WValuneti ow rate (8) Mii ects eto Temperature CF) ‘Tat annua oe (Sr) Inet temperature), Stam temperate CF) Temperature of nermadite trea CP) (ner eat ranser eect fr he war colt [ithe 8“) (ner eat rane cocci! the tum exchanger [Brotae'a ry) Cotng water ow ate Ay) Sram ow rate (i) Mole actions igi phe Mole faton of component india Mote faction of component i fed Relative volatility Seal al Root of Underwood's equation Density = ‘Yacoaty cP) Heat of vaporization of team (us) Conversion