DEDAN KIMATHI UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATION ACADEMIC YEAR 2021/2022

THIRD YEAR SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC
ENGINEERING

EEE 3208: ELECTROMAGNETICS III

DATE: January 2022 TIME: 2 HOURS

Instructions:
This examination paper contains five questions.
Question ONE is Compulsory and carries 30 Marks.
Attempt any TWO of the remaining four questions carrying 20 marks each.
Neatness, good handwriting, clarity and precise explanations must be observed.

Given Data: For free space assume the following data

Permittivity : Farad/m
Permeability : o= 4 X 10 Henry/m
-7

Speed of electromagnetic wave :

Question1

a)
i) State and justify modification of Ampere’s law [ Curl of H=J ] as postulated by
Maxwell for time varying field.
ii) Prove that for harmonic variation of E field, displacement current density= jωεE.
iii) Using Faraday’s and Ampere’s laws along with the Stoke’s theorem, derive two
Maxwell’s CURL equations in differential form.
(10 marks)
b)
i) Interpret the physical significance of four Maxwell’s equations in Integral form.
ii) State the constitutive parameters that relate to the four Maxwell’s equations
iii) Define any two terms used in Electromagnetic wave propagation.
(10 marks)

1
c)
i) Show that the displacement current in the dielectric of a parallel plate capacitor is
equal to the conduction current in its leads.
ii) Show that for a good conductor α = β =1/δ. Define these symbols,
iii) Find the skin depth and the wave velocity at a f= 1.6 MHz in aluminum, having
σ=38.2 MS/m and its relative permeability as unity.
(10 marks)

Question 2
a)
i) Using Maxwell’s two curl equations for free space and assuming harmonic variation of
field, obtain a three-dimensional wave equation in either E OR H.
ii) Differentiate between the materials, free space, perfect dielectric, lossy dielectric and good
conductors in terms of σ, μ, ε and ω.
iii) A circular-cross section conductor of radius 1.5 mm carries a conduction current i=
5.5Sinωt μA. What is the amplitude of the displacement current density, if σ=35 MS/m,
ω=40G radians/s? Also find new frequency at which the magnitude of both current
densities are equal. Assume relative permittivity of the medium as unity.
(12 marks)

b)
i) Given that E= ASin(ωt-βz) in free space in ‘y’ direction. Find D, Band H.
ii) Show that the wave speed and medium impedance depends on the properties of the free
space and obtain their values.
(8 marks)

Question 3
a)
i) Derive a mathematical equation for energy transfer by electromagnetic waves as given
below.

  E 2 H 2   
E dv + t 
 + dv +   E  H  • ds = 0.
2

 2 2   
(Hint : Use vector identity E.curl H= H.curl E--Divergence of EXH and equation for
Curl H,)
ii) Explain the physical significance of each term in this equation.
iii) Give a word statement of Poynting’s theorem.
vi) Identify Poynting’s vector and state its units.
v) Explain how Poynting’s vector is useful in specifying the direction of propagation
of an electromagnetic wave. (12 marks)

b) A plane radio wave in air is incident normally on a perfect dielectric.

i) Derive formulae for reflection and transmission coefficients for E fields in terms of η.
ii) Given that electric field in air is 1V/m and relative permeability as unity for other
medium, Find values of reflected and transmitted vales of E and H fields. (8 marks)

2
Question 4
a) i) Name three shapes of polarization of electromagnetic waves.
ii) Differentiate between the perpendicular and parallel polarization of waves.
iii) Define the terms skin depth and surface impedance of a good conductor.
iv) Obtain the relationship between the two in (iii) above. (10marks)
.
b) A dielectric material with relative values of μ=1 and ε=4, has breakdown strength of 30
KV/m. Determine the maximum possible power flow density and the associated
magnetizing force that the material can sustain.
c) i) Define the term critical angle in of a refracted electromagnetic wave (3marks)
ii) Determine the critical angle of an electromagnetic wave passing from glass to air. For
the glass assume the relative values of =1, ε=9 for the glass. (4marks)
d) A TEM electromagnetic wave in air of E=1 V/m peak and with f= 1000 MHz. is
incident normally on a large copper sheet having relative values of =1, ε=1 and σ= 5.8
MS/m. Find the average power density on the copper sheet. (3marks)
Question 5
A y-polarized TEM wave travels in z-direction in a lossless medium. It is incident
obliquely making an angle θ with the normal of a perfect infinite conductor plane
surface placed at x=0. Using a neat diagram,
a) i) Show that the wave satisfies the Snell’s law of reflection in optics.
ii) Obtain values of total E field in the given medium. (12marks)

b) Obtain an expression for the complex Pointing vector. (3marks)

c) Show that
i) There exists a travelling wave in z-direction and a standing wave in x-direction.
ii) E field is zero at the conducting surface and also at all other planes parallel to it at a
distance equal to X= -mλ/2Cosθ where m = 1,2 3
iii) State the significance of this phenomenon in c(ii) above. (5marks)