Reinforced Concrete Design

- Introduction - Bond and Anchorage

- Design Methods - Serviceability
- Design of Beams - Columns
- Shear Reinforcement - Footings
- Additional Beam Design

RC01-01

1
Introduction, Materials and Properties
- Reinforced Concrete Structures
- Mechanical Properties of Concrete
- Steel Reinforcement

RC01-02

1
Reinforced Concrete (RC) Structures

P
A Neutral axis

compression zone
Concrete
tension zone
Steel bars
A Steel bars

Section A-A
Concrete: high compressive strength
but low tensile strength

Steel bars: embedded in concrete (reinforcing)

provide tensile strength

RC01-03

Steel and Concrete in Combination

(1) Bond between steel and concrete prevents slip

of the steel bars.

(2) Concrete covering prevent water intrusion and

bar corrosion.

(3) Similar rate of thermal expansion,

Concrete: 0.000010 - 0.000013
Steel: 0.000012

RC01-04

2
 Concrete
- Cement

- Fine Aggregate

- Coarse Aggregate

- Water

- Admixtures

RC01-05

Compressive Strength of Concrete

f c′ compression test of standard cylinder at 28 days
∅ 15 cm
15 cm
30 cm

ASTM 15 cm BS
15 cm

( fc′) ASTM ≅ 0.85 ( f c′) BS

Normal used: 210, 240, 280, 320 kg/cm2

High strength: 350 - 700 kg/cm2

พ.ร.บ. ควบคุมอาคาร พ.ศ. 2522 : < 150 kg/cm2

RC01-06

3
Effect of water-cement ratio on 28 days compressive strength

500

Compressive strength, kgf/cm2

For type I
450
portland cement

No
400 n -a
ir -e
350 Ai n tr a
r-e ine
ntr dc
a ine on
300 dc c re
on te
c re
250 te

200

0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7

Water-cement ratio, by weight

RC01-07

Tensile Strength of Concrete

- Greatly affects cracking in structures.
- Tensile strength is about 10-15% of compressive strength.

Splitting Tensile Test (ASTM C496):

P

2P
D f ct =
π LD

P
L

f ct ≈ 1.59 − 1.86 f c′ kgf/cm 2 for normal-weight concrete

f ct ≈ 1.33 − 1.59 f c′ kgf/cm 2 for light-weight concrete

RC01-08

4
 Tensile Strength in Flexure
Standard Beam Test (ASTM C78):
P

Mc
fr = = Modulus of rupture
I

Practical choice for design purposes

f r = 7.5 f c′ psi = 2.0 f c′ ksc

RC01-09

Stress-Strain Relationship of Concrete

σ Initial modulus

f c′
ASTM
Secant modulus
at 0.5 f c′= Ec
0.5 f c′

≈ 0.003
ε
Ultimate strain

RC01-10

5
Modulus of elasticity

Concrete: Ec = 33 w1.5
c f c′ psi

lb/ft3 psi

Ec = 4, 270 wc1.5 f c′ ksc

t/m3 ksc

Ec = 15,100 f c′ ksc for wc = 2.32 t/m3

Steel: Es = 2.04 ×106 ksc

RC01-11

Concrete Weight
Plain concrete = 2.323 t/m3
Steel = 7.850 t/m3
Reinforced concrete = 2.400 t/m3
Lightweight concrete = 1.6 - 2.0 t/m3

RC01-12

6
Steel Reinforcment
Round Bar (เหล็กกลมผิวเรียบ)
SR24: Fy = 2,400 ksc, Fu = 3,900 ksc

Deformed Bar (เหล็กขอออย)

SD30: Fy = 3,000 ksc, Fu = 4,900 ksc

SD40: Fy = 4,000 ksc, Fu = 5,700 ksc

SD50: Fy = 5,000 ksc, Fu = 6,300 ksc

RC01-13

Stardard Reinforcing Bar Dimension and Weight

BAR SIZE AREA WEIGHT PERIMETER

(mm) (cm2) (kg/m) (cm)

RB6 0.28 0.222 1.89

RB9 0.64 0.499 2.83
DB12 1.13 0.888 3.77
DB16 2.01 1.58 5.03
DB20 2.84 2.23 5.97
DB25 4.91 3.85 7.86
DB28 6.16 4.83 8.80
DB32 8.04 6.31 10.06

RC01-14