Professional Documents
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Sreeram Industrial Training Report
Sreeram Industrial Training Report
DIPLOMA
IN
CIVIL ENGINEERING
Shri
2022-2023
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The satisfaction that accompanies the successful completion of any task would be incomplete
without of people who had made it possible and whose constant guidance and encouragement served
as boon and made any effort with success.
Our heart full thanks to Mr. Yellaiah SIR(PRINCIPAL) for allowing us to prepare our DIPLOMA IN CIVIL
ENGINEERING final year project (6th semester),
We are much indebted and greatful to our Mr.Raghuram sir (DEE) R&B Department for There
unstained cooperation and valuable guidance for completing my training at every stage from time to
time.
My sincere thanks for your involvement in this project along with me I browsed to acknowledge Friends,
and our group members without whose cooperation this project may not have materialized.
Any errors and omissions are unintentional and are sincerely regretted.
O.SREERAM
CERTIFICATE
This is to be certified that O.Sreeram Student of III year-Diploma in Civil Engineering, at
"VEMUGANTI MANOHAR RAO POLYTECHNIC RAMPUR" , Submitted the major training report on
"ROADS AND BUILDINGS" during the academic year 2022-2023, as a art of course curriculam.
Mr.Raghuram
Parkal, Hanamkonda
ABSTRACT
This work presents The Detailed Information about INDUSTRIAL TRAINING in
ROADS AND BUILDINGS DEPARTMENT. In this Training we worked and gained
knowledge about Roads and Buildings. We worked in different places for Roads
Buildings at different locations such as:
Roads:
1)Hanamkonda
2)Warangal
Building:
1)Parkal
DECLARATION
We are the Students of Diploma with specialization Diploma
in Civil Engineering, at Vemuganti Manohar Rao Polytechnic Rampur.
Here by declare that the Report with Title "INDUSTRIAL TRAINING", is
the Original work done by us.
PLACE:
DATE:
INDEX
1)INTRODUCTION BUILDING
2) CONCEPT
3) IMPORTANCE
4) BUILDING CONSTRUCTION PROCESS
🔺EARTH WORK EXCAVATION
🔺P. C. C
🔺FOOTING
🔺BASEMENT
🔺PLINTH BEAM
🔺SLAB
🔺BRICK WORK
🔺PLASTERING
5) TECHNICAL OBSERVATION
6) TYPES OF LOADS
7) CALCULATIONS
INTRODUCTION :
Building Construction is an ancient human activity. It began with purely functional
need for a controlled environment to moderate the effects of climate.
Constructed shelters for one means by which human beings were able to adapt
themselves to a wide variety of climates and global species.
Today, we have comfort and facility But, for future generations we have to face
up coming challenges as shortage of land, etc.... But for better comfort, Civil
construction had evolved and still evolving, but that was not enough. cave doesn't
stand safe for a long time,and huts, from the winds & rains, it is collapsed. Due to
moderate of climates like cold, rains, winds, heat etc.... Evolution goes on there
is no protection.
In our whole life time, A human being compulsory, needs three things...
2) wearing of clothes.
So, in those 3 things,the third thing which is done by the "mother branch of
engineering", which is called " Civil engineering ". The god created them and they
created the world, who are called Civilians. So, they construct the the buildings
and houses to live human being's. So,The history of civil construction had started
from ancient time's.
CONCEPT :
The basic work of civil engineers is to involve in designing,
construction supervision & maintenance of different Structures
such as, buildings, canals, roads drainages etc...
IMPORTANCE :
* Building Provide us protection against the climate and it is safe to live
for a long period.
The Burnt bricks are of uniform size, hence they can be used
in different set patterns to get better bond. The brick has two faces
The Standard size of the bricks will be 19cm ×9cm x 9cm (0r) 19 cm x
9 cm x 4cm (Length x width x Height). The Brick work construction is
not more than 1m a day.
◾️P. C. C :
The term PCC stands for plain cement concrete. The mixture of
cement, sand and coarse aggregate are generally called plain cement
concrete (PCC). . It is also defined as Cement Concrete or Blinding
Concrete
◾️FOOTINGS:
It is taid over the P. C. C. It distributes the load from
Superstructure to the ground Unifomly.
1) Isolated Footings.
4) Straped Footings.
◾️BASEMENT:
The part of a building that is wholly or partly below ground level. It is
the main part of the building
◾️PLINTH BEAM:
The superstructure lies,above ground level, and substructure lies below
ground level,includes P.c.c,footing, and pedestal etc.. Between
super stucture and substructure the rcc beam which is called as "plinth
beam" Is constructed. It acts as tie beam and ties all the Columnns.
🔺Construction of plinth beam🔺
⇒ As, well as the plinth beam doesn't enters the dampness into the
building.
*The plinth beam bears the load of the wall and distributes uniformly.
E.g'- The three bars with a minimum dia of" 12 mmm" and at the
bottom of the beam two bars of" 16mm "at top of the beam are
provided. Mean, while the" 8mm dia" stirrups are provided with equal
spacing at the top and bottom of the beem.
. => AS, per layout and details provided in the site plan, should be
followed! Don't scale any other dimensions.
*As well as, the Basement should be provided around the building.
→ The form work for these rcc plinth beam should be installed
securely,and Concrete should be compacted sufficently.
🔺STARTER🔺
◼️COLUMN :
These are vertical members the of a Structure on which Roof of a
building is laid.
* Medium columns
* Long columns
1) square,
2) rectangle
3) circle etc.....
FAILURES OF COLUMNS DEPENDING ON LENGTH OF columns
Medium.
fotting (50mm)
◼️PLASTERING: