Lord Flies: of The

D
G
R
LO THE
GOLDIN
OF
IAM
F L I E S BY WILL
STUDENT WORKBOOK
Name:
Class:
“THERE HAVE BEEN SO
MANY INTERPRETATIONS
OF THE STORY THAT I’M NOT
GOING TO CHOOSE BETWEEN THEM.
MAKE YOUR OWN CHOICE.
THE ONLY THING THAT MATTERS
IS, FIRST, THE EXPERIENCE
OF BEING IN THE STORY,
MOVING THROUGH IT.
THEN ANY INTERPRETATION
YOU LIKE. IF IT’S YOURS, THEN
THAT’S THE RIGHT ONE.
- WILLIAM GOLDING
© STACEY LLOYD 2016

CONTENTS
BACKGROUND INFORMATION & CONTEXT..... 1
GOOD OR EVIL?..... 3
THINKING ABOUT SURVIVAL..... 4
CHARACTER PROFILES..... 5
CHAPTER ONE..... 9
CHAPTER TWO..... 12
CHAPTER THREE..... 15
CHAPTER FOUR..... 17
CHAPTER FIVE..... 19
FEAR AND THE BEAST..... 22
CHAPTER SIX..... 23
CHAPTER SEVEN..... 25
CHAPTER EIGHT..... 27
CHAPTER NINE..... 29
CHAPTER TEN..... 31
CHAPTER ELEVEN..... 33
CHAPTER TWELVE..... 35
ANALYZING THEMES..... 37
ALL ABOUT THE SYMBOLS..... 41
KEY QUOTATIONS..... 42
ANALYZING PLOT STRUCTURE..... 43
NOTES, DOODLES, IDEAS..... 45
© STACEY LLOYD 2016
THE AUTHOR WORLD WAR II
GOLDING &
BACKGROUND INFORMATION & CONTEXT William Golding was a British writer,
schoolmaster, lecturer, actor, sailor,
and musician. He was born on
Golding joined the Royal Navy in 1940
and spent six years afloat, except for
seven months in New York and six
September 19, 1911, in Cornwall, months helping Lord Cherwell at the
England. Although he always wanted Naval Research Establishment. He
to be an author (he even tried to write saw action against battleships (at the
a novel at the age of 12), his parents forced him to sinking of the Bismarck), submarines
study science. Golding followed his parents’ wishes and aircraft. He finished the war as
and studied Natural Sciences at Oxford. However, Lieutenant in command of a rocket
after two years he switched to English Literature. ship. He was present off the French
After graduating, Golding worked briefly as a theater coast for the D-Day invasion, and later
actor and director, wrote poetry, and then became at the island of Walcheren. After the
a schoolteacher. In 1940, a year after England war, Golding resumed teaching and
entered World War II, Golding joined the Royal Navy, started to write novels,
where he served in command of a rocket-launcher. and published Lord
After the war he returned to teaching, and began to of the Flies
write again. He died in 1993 at the age of 81. in 1954.
When Lord of the Flies was published

in the early 1950s Britain was living in
EXT
shadow of the horrors of World War the

Two. Indeed, Golding’s experience in
war had a profound effect on his view the
of humanity and the evils of which it was
capable. Golding was revolted by the
ONT
evil things people did to each other in

war; The Nazi concentration camps, the the
Japanese treatment of their prisoners,
the atomic bombing against civilians
- even his own actions as a naval offi
cer.
C
Golding began to see all human nature

as savage and unforgiving: he had see
that even the good could be corrupted n
L
. After the war the United Nations was

A
set up to try to ensure that such a glob

al conflict never happened again, but
by
C
1954, when Lord of the Flies was publish

ed, it was the early years of the Cold Wa
I
and the threat of a Third World War was r

R
very real. Many countries had built up

arsenals of nuclear weapons with enough
O
atomic energy to destroy civilizations.

The fact that the events in Lord of the
HIST
Flies take place against the backdrop

nuclear war is not merely a coincidence of
.
LORD OF THE FLIES AS AN ALLEGORY

In literature, writers often use allegory, to convey their ideas. An allegory is a literary device
which conveys meaning through symbols, actions, and even characters. In the Lord of the
Flies, the setting, the characters, and even some of the symbols
serve to convey feelings about leadership, order, civilization,
control, and culture. One should bear this in mind when reading the
novel, and continually ask the question, “What deeper comment is
Golding making about society and humanity?”
1 © STACEY LLOYD 2016

WHY DID GOLDING WRITE LORD OF THE FLIES?
“ It was simply what seemed sensible for me to write after the war
when everyone was thanking God they weren’t Nazis. I’d seen
enough to realize that every single one of us could be Nazis.
”
- William Golding
1. Explain how Golding’s own life experiences influenced his writing. You must be specific.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Read the quotation above which explains why Golding wrote Lord of the Flies. Now explain in your own
words what Golding meant.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. When and where was Golding born? How might this have influenced him?
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4. In your own words, what is allegory?

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5. Lord of the Flies is largely about human nature. Do you believe that man is inherently good or evil? You
must explain your opinion fully.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
© STACEY LLOYD 2016 2

GOOD OR EVIL?
Read each of the quotations below, and then discuss them with a partner. Do you agree or
disagree? You must give an explanation of your opinion.
QUOTATION AGREE OR
DISAGREE EXPLAIN / GIVE A REASON
“Man’s nature is not
essentially evil. Brute nature
has been known to yield to
the influence of love. You
must never despair of human
nature.”
– Mahatma Ghandi
“Man is the cruelest animal.”

- Friedrich Nietzsche
One of the main themes explored in Lord of the Flies is the idea that we all have the potential
for good, and we all have the potential for evil within us. Do you agree with this notion?
“The world is a dangerous

place to live, not because of
the people who are evil, but
because of the people who
don’t do anything about it.”
- Albert Einstein
“In spite of everything I still

believe that people are really
good at heart.”
- Anne Frank
“In each of us, two natures

are at war – the good and
the evil. All our lives the fight
goes on between them, and
one of them must conquer.
But in our own hands lies the
power to choose – what we
want most to be we are.”
- Robert Louis Stevenson
“The conscience of children
is formed by the influences
that surround them; their
notions of good and evil
are the result of the moral
atmosphere they breathe.”
- Jean Paul Richter
“The line between good and
evil is permeable and almost
anyone can be induced to
cross it when pressured by
situational forces.”
- Phillip Zimbardo
While on an international school trip, your plane crashes
onto a deserted tropical island. All adults are dead, and
SURVIVAL
ISLAND
you are now the oldest children in a group of about thirty.
It is up to you to lead the children and make decisions
about their safety and survival.

CHARACTER PROFILES JACK Physical description:
Full name:
Who is he?
His style of leadership:

How does he view the world?
What is important to him?

Notes on his personality:
Key events in the novel which relate to him:
Significance of his name:
How he relates to Ralph: How he relates to everyone else:
tation: Important quotation:

Important quo
:
ANY OTHER NOTES

RALPH
CHARACTER PROFILES
Full name:
Physical description:
Who is he?
How does he view the world?
Significance of his name:
What is important to him?
Notes on his personality:

Key events in the novel which relate to him:
How he relates to Jack: How he relates to everyone else:
Important quotation:
Important quotation:
His style of leadership:

ANY OTHER NOTES:

CHARACTER PROFILES Who is he? Key events related to the plot:
SIMON
What he represents/symbolizes:
Personality:
Important Quotations:
How others see him:

Who is he?
Physical description: Key events related to the plot:

PIGGY
Personality:
of his name:
Comment on the significance

CHARACTER PROFILES
How others see him:
Who is he?
ROGER
Key events related to the plot:
Personality:
What he symbolizes/represents:
Who are they? How others see them:
SAMNERIC
Key events related to the plot:
Personalities:

1
GLOSSARY
Jot down the main events of
creepers (n.):
CHAPTER ONE stockings (n.):
garter (n.):
matins (n.):
ONE
precentor (n.):
Gib., Addis (n.):
Chapter
THE SCENERY
Phrases which describe
IF THIS CHAPTER WERE A

COLOR, IT WOULD BE...
because...
Identify and
explain the
TECHNIQUE
FIGURATIVE
LANGUAGE
What is the
‘SCAR’ often
mentioned
in chapter 1?
used here.
WORDS USED TO DESCRIBE

RALPH
ralph PIGGY
piggy JACKjack
FIND OUT THE MEANING OF THESE SLANG WORDS/PHRASES:

sucks to What are your first impressions of JACK?
your auntie
wacco
wizard
smashing
In what ways are Ralph and Piggy different?

What is the use of the conch?
SYMBOLISM
What does it symbolize?

1
Who makes the first Good decisions in your opinion? Why or why not?
What are they?

leadership decisions?
Chapter
WHO SHOULD BE CHIEF?
What are Jack’s reasons for why he should be Do you think these are valid reasons?
Who do you think should be chief?

chief? Why or why not?
ONE
What the reasons given for why Ralph is Do you think these are valid reasons?
voted chief? Why or why not?
How did the boys come to be on the island? IMAGINE THAT PIGGY HAD FACEBOOK
Write his status at the end of the first day:
A quotation which illustrates this:
“
”
?
Questions you have about the characters or plot at this stage:
1.
2.
3.
Will the boys be rescued? If so, how? If not, what will happen?
What are your first impressions
OF THE NOVEL?
MAKING PREDICTIONS
Will Ralph remain chief? Will everyone get along? Explain.
If someone is to die, who will it be and how?
Writing Write 3 short diary entries at the end of the first day on the island, one for each
of the following characters: Jack, Piggy & Ralph. You should try to capture their
PROMPT different perspectives and voices.
11
1
ONE Review Questions
1. Why are we not given the names of the boys at the start of the novel?
2. How does the language in the opening paragraphs hint at the strangeness and terror of the island?
Chapter
3. Between Ralph and Piggy, who is more intelligent? Give a reason for your answer.
4. Why doesn’t Piggy ask for the names of the choirboys?
5. Why do you think that Piggy isn’t even considered as chief?
6. How do we know that Piggy didn’t want to vote for Ralph? Why wouldn’t he?
7. Explain two examples of how Ralph shows leadership skills once he has been made chief:
8. Why is Jack unable to stab the piglet at the end of the chapter?

CHAPTER TWO caps of
maintenance (n.):
altos (n.):
GLOSSARY
Chapter
trebles (n.):
List the ways Ralph tries to instill a sense of order:
TWO
“WE’VE GOT LOOK UP AND EXPLAIN THE FOLLOWING ALLUSIONS:
AFTER ALL,
WE’RE NOT
SAVAGES.
Treasure
Who suggests that
they may never be
TO HAVE Island
RULES
rescued?
Swallows and
& OBEY
Amazons
THEM. Coral Island
In your opinion, Piggy is: ” A SIMILE in this chapter:

LANGUAGE
FIGURATIVE
££hot-headed
(tick all that apply)
££kind and thoughtful

££even-tempered
A METAPHOR in this chapter:
££intelligent
££just insecure
££a clear leader
££annoying An example of PERSONIFICATION in this chapter:
YOUR CHOICE:
REASONS FOR
If Roger were an
DRAW A SYMBOL TO REPRESENT THE BOYS’ “TRIBE”
animal, he would be...

JACK RALPH PIGGY
FIND A QUOTE FROM CHAPTER 2
ABOUT EACH OF THE FOLLOWING:

2 focusing on
WHAT IS THE
PURPOSE OF
HOW DOES THE FIRE BECOME UNCONTROLLABLE?

WHOSE IDEA
THE FIRE
THE FIRE?
WAS THE
FIRE?
TWO
HOW DO THE BOYS START THE FIRE? WHAT DO THEY NEED TO KEEP IT BURNING?
What do these similes indicate about the fire?

Chapter
WHICH TWO ANIMALS?
THE FLAMES & SMOKE
ARE COMPARED TO
“
DESCRIBE THE
A QUOTE TO
FIRE:
used to describe the burning EXPLAIN WHAT GREATER THEME OF THE NOVEL
”
VERBS
THE FIRE SYMBOLIZES:
Make notes, mind map or write key words on how these themes are explored in this chapter:
Order & Civilization Leadership Fear
KEY THEMES
notes or doodling:
Space for extra
Writing Imagine that you are Piggy. Write a letter home to your aunt to explain what has
PROMPT happened: your thoughts and fears, as well as your predictions for the future.
Review Questions
1. This chapter is called ‘Fire on the Mountain’ - why is this significant?
2
Chapter
2. Explain Jack and Ralph’s reactions to the mention of the ‘beastie’ by the boy with the mulberry-
coloured birthmark?
TWO
3. What do these different reactions tell us about their different leadership styles?
4. What is Ralph’s plan for rescue?
5. Do you think that his plan of Ralph’s is a good one? Why or why not?
6. When the fire gets out of control on the island, how do the boys react?
7. Piggy is clearly intelligent and has good ideas; why don’t the boys look to him as a leader?
8. What happens at the end of the chapter, which is particularly horrifying? Why is to so terrifying?

3 CHAPTER THREE
Jot down the main events of GLOSSARY
which shows that a lot

of time has passed:
vicissitudes (n.):
crackers (adj.):
queer (adj.):
batty (adj.):
A Quotation
THREE
3
How do the boys collect water?
2 ANIMALS
Jack is compared to while

ACTIVITIES
Chapter
hunting:
THE LITTLEUNS
SPEND THEIR TIME ON:
A quote to show that Ralph is not

“THE MADNESS CAME INTO HIS EYES.”
“ pleased with the shelter building: What prompts this ‘madness’?

Who is being described?
What exactly is this ‘madness’?
“OFTHEYEXPERIENCE
UNABLE TO COMMUNICATE.
he is so unhappy:
The reason why
WALKED ALONG, TWO CONTINENTS

What does Jack think is following him in the forest?
What do Jack and Ralph argue What does Jack think will make him a better hunter?
about in this chapter?
AND FEELING,
Who is your favorite character so far and why?
Who would you agree

with and why?
”

SIMON
3
A quote about how the other boys see him: Physical appearance:
Let’s take a closer look at
Chapter
Is Simon afraid of the forest?
If Simon were an animal, he would be...
Give evidence to support your answer.
How is he different from the others?

Because...
THREE
“ Then, amid the roar of bees in the afternoon sunlight, Simon found for them the fruit they could not reach, pulled
”
off the choicest from up in the foliage, passed them back down to the endless, outstretched hands.
What do we learn about Simon from this?

CLOSE
READING
Review Questions
1. Explain how we see Jack and Ralph’s differing priorities in this chapter.
2. How can we see that fear is starting to creep in amongst the boys? What are they afraid of?
3. Do you think that Ralph’s frustrations with the other boys is justified? Explain why or why not.
4. Why do you think that Simon ventures off into the forest at the end of the chapter?

4
The pace of DAILY LIFE
CHAPTER FOUR
Morning Midday Evening
activities: activities: activities:
FOUR
mood: mood: mood:
Chapter
Who is PERCIVALand what
happens to him?
GLOSSARY
impalpable (adj.):
belligerence (n.):
ravenous (adj.):
blatant (adj.):
myriad (n.):
why the littluns obey the call of the conch:
Which three littluns are playing on the beach?
2 REASONS
The stone throwing incident
What is Henry doing when Roger comes upon him? What does Roger do to bother Henry?
Why do you think he does this?

Henry’s mood in
ONE WORD:
“ Yet there was a space round Henry, perhaps six yards in diameter, into which
he dare not throw.
Find a quotation which explains why Roger doesn’t dare throw the stones at Henry: ”
Which greater
THEME
does this
relate to?
“
”
PAINTED FACES
painted faces
Why does Jack start using face paint?
A QUOTE ABOUT THE EFFECT 3 COLORS
JACK USES:
LET’S THINK ABOUT
Draw and label a sketch of how Jack paints his face:
“
“—like on a tree trunk.”
THE MASK HAS ON JACK:
(fill in the blank)
Figurative technique used:
Include a quoted word as evidence:

HOW DO THE
BOYS REACT?

”
“The fire was dead.”
Why is this horrifying?
THE HUNTER’S CHANT:
“
”
4
Chapter
Piggy is considered an OUTSIDER:
5 REASONS GIVEN WHY

How does the sentence length effect tone here?
Who gives Piggy meat?
FOUR
Whose fault is this?
What happens to Piggy’s glasses?

What does this
show us about his
personality?
The feeling of killing the pig is compared to:
££eating a full satisfying meal
££winning a challenging game of football
££swatting a pesky fly
££drinking a long satisfying drink
££collapsing into a bed of feathers
££drinking a horrifying potion
Review Questions
1. How have the boys found a rhythm and pattern of life on the island?
2. Why does Roger throw stones around Henry but never at him?
3. How does Jack treat Piggy? You must give specific examples from the novel.
4. Do you think that Jack and Ralph will be able to work together again? Give a reason for your answer.

5
GLOSSARY Jot down the main events of
apex (n.):
vivid (adj.):
CHAPTER FIVE
derisive (adj.):
FIVE
lamentably (adv.):
inarticulate (adj.):
Notes on how Ralph has changed since being on the island:

Chapter
POINT QUOTATION
Find quotations from chapter 5 for each of the following points.
The society on the

island is breaking
down.
The boys are

experiencing real
fear.
Jack leads the boys

away from Ralph.
The rules are very

important to Ralph
Piggy is afraid of
Jack.
The fire is important

to Ralph.
The boys are

beginning to act like
animals.
5
A quote to show that Piggy is LIST OF COMPLAINTS
“ intelligent:
1
that Ralph brings up at the assembly:
Chapter
2
”
What time of day does Ralph
choose for the meeting? 3
FIVE
Who recognizes the true
WHY IS THIS SIGNIFICANT?
nature of the beast?

££Ralph
3
££Jack
££Simon PHRASES WHICH
££Nobody DESCRIBE THIS CHAPTER:
££Roger
££All of them
££Percival
JACK AND RALPH TREAT THE LITTLUNS DIFFERENTLY. Explain this difference.
JACK
RALPH
Evidence from the text:
“ “
NOTES OR DOODLING:
”
Imagine this chapter had a playlist to set the mood.
”
CHOOSE 5 SONGS THAT WOULD BE ON THAT LIST.
SPACE FOR EXTRA

5
FIVE
“THE WORLD, THAT
UNDERSTANDOARBLLDE,
AND L AWFUL W AY.
IMPORTANT QUOTATION
Explain what is meant by this quotation (and give specific examples).
WAS SLIPPING AW ”
Chapter
Review Questions
1. Reread the first paragraph of chapter 5. How has Ralph changed since being on the island?
2. Do you think that Ralph’s complaints raised at the assembly are justified? Explain why or why not.
3. How do Ralph and Jack differ in the way that they talk to the littluns.
4. Why is Percival’s revelation that the beast comes from the sea, particularly frightening?
5. Why is keeping the fire burning so important to Ralph?
6. Do you think that Piggy’s fear of Jack is justified? Explain why or why not.

Let’s take a moment to pause and think about one of the key themes: FEAR.
KEY THEME:
Discuss the topic with a friend before filling in the following.
WHAT IS
‘FEAR’?
Is the fear experienced by the boys justified? You must think of 3 reasons for ‘yes’ and 3 for ‘no’.
Yes, because... No, because...
Fear & the Beast

WHO SAYS THIS? DO YOU AGREE? WHY OR WHY NOT?
“We’ve got to talk about
this fear and decide there’s
nothing in it. I’m frightened
myself, sometimes; only
that’s nonsense!”
“The thing is - fear can’t

hurt you any more than a
dream.”
“Maybe there is a beast.”
“[Life] is scientific, that’s

what it is ... I know there
isn’t no beast.”
“I know there isn’t no fear

either ... unless we get
frightened of people.”

6
SIX The main events of
CHAPTER SIX
“But a sign came down from the world of grown-ups.”

Chapter
What is this sign? How is it a sign? Why did it fall?
BY CONTRAST, THE ISLAND IS THE WORLD OF
to describe the movement of
“
DESCRIBE OR DRAW WHAT THE TWINS THINK THEY SEE:
wood were like a fence.

the spears of sharpened
out, rather than in, and
began to change. It faced
of threats and the circle
The bright morning was full
THE FIGURE
VERBS USED
”
“The darkness was full of claws.
ANALYZING FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE TECHNIQUES
What causes this feeling?

Technique: ”
THE EFFECT:
“The leaves were roaring like the sea. “We don’t need the conch anymore.”
” Do you Explain your opinion:
Who says this?
Technique 1: agree?
Technique 2:
££Yes
THE EFFECT:
££No
££Not sure
GLOSSARY
exasperation (n.):
Identify the figurative
technique used:
incredulity (n.):
diffidently (adv.):
guano (n.):
interminable (adj.):
mutinously (adv.):
The discovery of Castle Rock
Why do the boys venture to Castle Rock?
££It is a hunting mission to look for a pig.
Opinions and Views of Castle Rock
6
Who do you agree with and why?

JACK’S RALPH’S
££They want to get away from Piggy.
££They are searching for the beastie.
Chapter
££It is where the fire is located.
££They are looking for a new campsite.
Who babysits the
littluns and why?
SIX
Writing
PROMPT
Imagine that the conch were an animate character. Write a few paragraphs
describing the meeting of the assembly, as though you were the conch, from
the conch’s perspective.
1. Why is this chapter called ‘Beasts From Air’?

Review Questions
2. The twins say that the beast had claws, and that it followed and nearly touched them. Is this true?
Explain why they say this.
3. Do you think that Jack and Ralph have the same motive for hunting the beast? Explain fully.
4. Why does Simon doubt the existence of the ‘beast’?
5. How do reactions to the discovery of Castle Rock differ?

7
GLOSSARY
CHAPTER SEVEN
infuriating (adj.):
daunting (adj.):
traverses (n.):
sagely (adv.):
infinite (adj.):
swathed (v.):
The main events of
covert (n.):
dun (adj.):
SEVEN
How the boys have changed:

Chapter
THAT RALPH LONGS FOR:

3 GROOMING TASKS
(appearance)
EVIDENCE
OF SIMON’S EMPATHY
Quote about Ralph & Jack’s Leadership battle:

“
”
?
5 Questions which you think would be good assessment questions if you were the teacher:
related to this chapter (about characters / story / language / themes etc.),
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
“SQUEEZE & HUNT

What they actually see:
THE DESIRE TO This is an
example of:
on the mountain (describe it):
What the boys think they see
What comment is being made about
££Verbal Irony
££Metaphor
WAS OVER-MASTERING. ££An idiom
”
££Dramatic Irony
££A Simile
££Situational Irony
because...
human nature?

IN A SINGLE WORD AS:
DESCRIBE THIS CHAPTER
VERB:
7
forest in the dark?

to run through the
show us about his

Who volunteers
What does this
personality?
ADJECTIVE:
NOUN:
Chapter
ADVERB:
MAKING PREDICTIONS Make predictions for the rest of the novel:
SEVEN
Review Questions
1. How is Ralph’s reaction to hunting (in this chapter) different to his previous attitude towards it?
2. The boys play a ‘game’ after the hunt. Describe this game.
?
3. Do you think that this really is just a harmless game? Explain why or why not.
4. Why do the boys run from the figure on the mountain at the end of the chapter?
5. What do we learn about Simon in this chapter?

8
GLOSSARY
rebuke (n.):
CHAPTER EIGHT parody (n.):
derision (n.):
demure (adj.):
EIGHT
fervor (n.):
cynicism (n.):
illusive (adj.):
tremulous (adj.):
Chapter
Who says this?

“RALPH THINKS YOU’RE
COWARDS, RUNNING
AWAY FROM THE BOAR Who is he speaking to?
AND THE BEAST. AND
THAT’S NOT ALL...”
Did Ralph really say this?
££ Yes ££ No ££ Not Sure

JACK RALPH SIMON
FIND A QUOTE FROM CHAPTER 8
ABOUT EACH OF THE FOLLOWING:
Why does the speaker say this?
KEY THEMES
Make notes, mind map or write key words on how these
3 REASONS
JACK GIVES FOR WHY RALPH IS A POOR CHIEF
themes are explored in this chapter:

LEADERSHIP
The boys decide to move the fire, because...

££ Jack won't let them get to it.
££ it is too windy on the mountain.
££ they are scared of the beast on the mountain.
££ it won’t be seen by any passing ships.
££ they are too lazy to get to it.
GOOD & EVIL
Where do they move it to?
Whose idea is this?

8
Who/what is the ‘Lord of the Flies’? The title of the chapter is ‘A Gift for the Darkness’.
THE LORD OF THE FLIES

How does this relate to the Lord of the Flies?
Chapter
Does it really speak? Explain. Why do you think Golding chose this
Who does the Lord of

character for this conversation?
the Flies speak to?
EIGHT
“
What does it symbolize? ...the Lord of the Flies hung on his stick and
grinned. At last Simon gave up and looked
back; saw the white teeth and dim eyes,
the blood—and his gaze was held by that
”
ancient, inescapable recognition.
Review Questions
1. The boys now believe that the beast exists, and that they have ‘proof’. In your opinion, how will this
change things on the island?
2. When Jack calls a vote to get rid of Ralph as chief, none of the boys raise their hands. Why do you
think that they don’t respond, yet sneak off and join Jack later?
3. Explain the importance of the ‘Lord of the Flies’.
4. In your own words, explain what the 'Lord of the Flies' communicates to Simon.

9
GLOSSARY
inaudible (adj.):
CHAPTER NINE succulent (adj.):
conveyed (v.):
corpulent (adj.):
NINE
sauntered (v.):
“
Over the island the build-up of clouds continued
... the air was ready to explode.
”
Chapter
Literal meaning... Symbolic meaning...
“THEHARMLESS A synonym for: GIVES FOR WHY BOYS JOINED JACK
3 REASONS RALPH
Who realizes this?
BEAST WAS HARMLESS:
& HORRIBLE:
HORRIBLE. Figurative Technique used:

££Irony ££Simile ££Assonance
”
££Metaphor ££Alliteration ££Hyperbole
USED TO DESCRIBE
THE PARACHUTE MAN THE PARTY IN JACK'S TRIBE THE WEATHER

WORDS
Jack's seating log What does this convey to the reader about Jack's leadership?
is compared to a
Review Questions
1. What type of leader is Jack, as seen in the events of this chapter?
2. Why do Piggy and Ralph join in with the 'dance'?
3. In your own words, briefly explain what happens to Simon.

Let's take a closer look at that important passage...
The dark sky was shattered by a blue-white scar.
An instant later the noise was on them like the blow of
1. Underline any sounds or noises
described.
9
Chapter
a gigantic whip. The chant rose a tone in agony.
“Kill the beast! Cut his throat! Spill his blood!” 2. Highlight the verbs which
Now out of the terror rose another desire, thick, describe movement.
urgent, blind.
“Kill the beast! Cut his throat! Spill his blood!” 3. Circle any adjectives or nouns you
think have negative connotations.
Again the blue-white scar jagged above them
NINE
and the sulphurous explosion beat down. The littluns 4. Describe the language of this
screamed and blundered about, fleeing from the edge of extract (and the effect):
the forest, and one of them broke the ring of biguns in
REREAD THIS PASSAGE AND THEN FOLLOW THE INSTRUCTION AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS BELOW
his terror.
“Him! Him!”
The circle became a horseshoe. A thing was
crawling out of the forest. It came darkly, uncertainly.
The shrill screaming that rose before the beast was like
a pain. The beast stumbled into the horseshoe.
“Kill the beast! Cut his throat! Spill his blood!”
The blue-white scar was constant, the noise
5. Who/what is 'the beast'?
unendurable. Simon was crying out something about a
dead man on a hill.
“Kill the beast! Cut his throat! Spill his blood! Do 6. Do the boys realize this?
him in!”
The sticks fell and the mouth of the new circle 7. Why or why not?
crunched and screamed. The beast was on its knees in
the center, its arms folded over its face. It was crying
out against the abominable noise something about a
body on the hill. The beast struggled forward, broke the
ring and fell over the steep edge of the rock to the sand
by the water. At once the crowd surged after it, poured
down the rock, leapt on to the beast, screamed, struck, 8. Describe the boys' behavior in one
word:
bit, tore. There were no words, and no movements but
the tearing of teeth and claws. 9. Explain the irony found in this
Then the clouds opened and let down the rain extract:
like a waterfall. The water bounded from the mountain-
top, tore leaves and branches from the trees, poured
like a cold shower over the struggling heap on the sand.
Presently the heap broke up and figures staggered
away. Only the beast lay still, a few yards from the sea.
Even in the rain they could see how small a beast it
was; and already its blood was staining the sand.
10
GLOSSARY
The main events of
CHAPTER TEN
interrogative (adj.):
gesticulate (v.):
befouled (adj.):
compelled (v.):
torrid (adj.):
crags (n.):
TEN
Chapter
MEANING OF THESE SLANG WORDS/PHRASES LIST THE BIGUNS LEFT

in the beach camp
FIND OUT THE
Reds
balmy / round the
EXPLAIN THIS QUOTE:

bend / crackers /
bomb happy
pills
In your opinion, Jack is:

because..
££A strong leader

££A harsh dictator
££A kingly leader
UNSPOKEN
WAS
“THEHEAVYAIRWITH
KNOWLEDGE.
”
THE BOYS IN JACK'S TRIBE ARE CALLED: S V S
QUOTATION WHO SAID IT? WHAT ARE THEY TALKING ABOUT? WHY IS IT IMPORTANT?
"That was murder."
"It was an accident."
"I expect the beast

disguised itself."
"We don't want

another night
without fire."
"They didn't come

for the conch. They
came for something
else."
10
NOTES OR DOODLING: IMAGINE THAT JACK HAD TWITTER
SPACE FOR EXTRA Write his status at this point in the novel.
Jack
@choirboy_merridew
Chapter
A Question
TEN
you have about the characters or plot at this stage:
Writing
PROMPT
You are a journalist. Write a newspaper article about the events of the night of
the storm. You should include quotations, facts and objective details.
1. How do the boys' reactions to Simon's death differ?

Review Questions
2. Explain the significance of this chapter's title: The Shell and the Glasses
3. Why doesn't Jack take the conch when he invades the beach camp? Explain fully.
4. Do you agree with Roger that Jack is a 'proper chief'? Explain why or why not.
5. Do you think that Piggy, Ralph and the twins will eventually join Jack's tribe? Give a reason.

11
"Awful things has been done on this island"
- piggy
LIST THE THINGS TO WHICH PIGGY IS REFERRING
CHAPTER ELEVEN
ELEVEN
Chapter
The main events of
GLOSSARY
A quote about the face paint:
“
myopia (n.):
propagate (v.):
pinnacles (n.):
truculent (adj.):
cessation (n.):
” multitudinous (adj.):
“LAW & RESCUE

WHICH IS BETTER How would you respond to this question? Jack takes the twins hostage because...
££he wants their skill with the fire.
££he wants to demonstrate his power.
OR ££they are annoying.
££he plans to kill them.
HUNTING & BREAKING ££Ralph challenged him to.
THINGS UP?
PIGGY ”
How do the other boys see him: Why is Piggy particularly vulnerable in chapter 11?
EXPLAIN YOUR Let’s take a closer look at
1
Three things Piggy says in chapter 11:
If Piggy were a color, he would be...
Because... 2
3
PERSONAL OPINION
OF THIS CHARACTER

KEY THEME
11
Describe the events
CIVILIZATION AND SAVAGERY

of this chapter in
ONE WORD How is this theme portrayed and explored in this chapter?
Chapter
What happens to the twins?
ELEVEN
Review Questions
1. Why does Ralph insist that they wash and clean up before visiting Jack's tribe?
2. Piggy asks Jack's tribe: "Which is better - to be a pack of painted Indians like you are, or to be
sensible like Ralph is?" What would be your response to this question?
3. Who 'protested out of the heart of civilization'? And what does this mean?
4. Explain the symbolism behind the destruction of the conch.
5. In your own words, explain what happens to Piggy at the end of chapter 11.

12
The main events of that the boys have changed drastically
EVIDENCE
TWELVE
Chapter CHAPTER TWELVE since being on the island
GLOSSARY
A quote about Bill:
acrid (adj.):
“ inimical (adj.):
gibber (v.):
antiphonal (adj.):
ululate (v.):
”
epaulette (adj.):
crepitation (n.):
ensconce (v.):
Your opinion of the twins' actions:
££They are fickle, disloyal friends to Ralph. RALPH AS AN ANIMAL BEING HUNTED CONTEMPLATES FOR
3 CHOICES RALPH
WORDS WHICH PAINT
££They are weak-willed & easily persuaded. ESCAPE AND SURVIVAL

££Their actions are justified.
££They do the best in a tough situation.
££Their actions show kindness and loyalty.
Give a reason:
“ The seconds lengthened.

Ralph was looking straight
into the savage’s eyes.
Don’t scream.
Describe the reaction You’ll get back.
"The officer inspected the
of the navel officer Now he’s seen you.
Identify and explain the figurative language technique in this extract:
little scarecrow in front of He’s making sure. A stick

him. The kid needed a bath, sharpened. Ralph screamed,
a haircut, a nose-wipe and a a scream of fright and anger
good deal of ointment." and desperation.
sentences used in this

extract:
”
Describe the length of the
What is the effect created?

FILL IN THE BLANKS
"A
black cap on his
a of
boy who wore the remains of an extraordinary
and who carried the remains of
at his waist, started forward, then “
RALPH WEPT FOR
THE END OF
INNOCENCE,
12
Chapter
changed his mind and ."
THE DARKNESS
Who is this boy described? Comment on this description:
OF MAN’S HEART,
AND THE FALL
How can you tell? THROUGH THE AIR
OF THE TRUE,
TWELVE
WISE FRIEND
CALLED PIGGY.
Writing
PROMPT
”
Imagine you are the naval officer who finds the boys. Write the report of the
discovery, explaining why you stopped on the island and what you found.
Review Questions
1. Describe the scene in which Ralph comes across the pig's skull in the forest. Explain what he does
and why he does it.
2. Explain how the fire at the end of the novel is heavily ironic.
3. When Ralph realizes they are rescued, he cried tears of grief and not joy. Why?
4. Do you think that this is a fitting end to the novel? Explain why or why not.

Civilization vs. Savagery
ANALYZING THEMES civilization vs. savagery
Explain/Describe/Discuss/Mind Map this theme: What comment is Golding making about society?
If this theme were a color it would be:
Draw a symbol or picture to represent this theme:
How does this theme relate to the plot?

How could this theme relate to your own life? What can you learn?
Characters, things or events related to this theme:

Key quotations related to this theme:

Power & Leadership
power & leadership
ANALYZING THEMES
Explain/Describe/Discuss/Mind Map this theme:

What comment is Golding making about society?
Key quotations related to this theme: If this theme were a color it would be:

Loss of Innocence
ANALYZING THEMES loss of innocence
Explain/Describe/Discuss/Mind Map this theme: What comment is Golding making about society?
If this theme were a color it would be:
How does this theme relate to the plot?

Key quotations related to this theme:

Fear
fear
ANALYZING THEMES
Explain/Describe/Discuss/Mind Map this theme:

What comment is Golding making about society?
Key quotations related to this theme: If this theme were a color it would be:

For each of the following, describe their significance in the novel and explain the symbolism.
ANALYZING SYMBOLS
THE CONCH SHELL
THE LORD OF THE FLIES

ADULTS
PIGGY'S GLASSES
THE SIGNAL FIRE
THE PARACHUTE MAN Piggy's Glasses
FACEPAINT
THE ISLAND

FOR EACH OF THE FOLLOWING QUOTATIONS, IDENTIFY THE SPEAKER AND THEN EXPLAIN THE SIGNIFICANCE.
LET’S TAKE A LOOK AT KEY QUOTATIONS

e.g. Which theme does it relate to? Who is it being spoken to? Why is it important in terms of the plot?
Is it an example of foreshadowing? Is it a part of indirect characterization?
Quotation Who said it?/ Who is it about? Why is it important?
“We’ve got to have

rules and obey them.
After all, we’re not
savages.”
“The world, that

understandable and
lawful world, was
slipping away.”
“Which is better — to
have laws and agree, or
to hunt and kill?”
"The thing is—fear

can’t hurt you any more
than a dream."
"Things are breaking up.

I don’t understand why.
We began well; we were
happy. And then—"
"Fancy thinking the beast

was something you could
hunt or kill! I'm part of you?
Close, close, close. I'm the
reason why it's no go? Why
things are what they are?"
“Roger was conditioned

by a civilization that
knew nothing of him
and was in ruins.”
“The mask was a

thing on it’s own,
behind which Jack
hid, liberated from
shame and self-
consciousness."
ANALYZING THE PLOT STRUCTURE Main events of the rising action:
Protagonist’s conflict:
Elements of suspense:
tc i o n
g A
iis n ?
R
Foreshadowing: ist
n
ago
t
pro
e
th
for
t
in
po
ng
rni
a tu
his
t
is
Exposition
w
Ho
What is the setting and how is it established?
Which characters are introduced in the exposition and what do we learn about them?
The narrative perspective:
Any background information we learn:
Opening events:

ANALYZING THE PLOT STRUCTURE
Climax
Main events of the falling action:
Greatest point of
tension/action:
Fallin
g Acti
on
Resolution
How is the conflict resolved?
How is the protagonist changed?
Ending events:

NOTES * DOODLES * IDEAS * NOTES * DOODLES * IDEAS * NOTES * DOOD
45 © Stacey Lloyd 2016

DLES * IDEAS * NOTES * DOODLES * IDEAS * NOTES * DOODLES * IDEAS *
While reading the novel, and working through this book, use these pages to make notes (perhaps of
46
assignments or dates), to document questions you have, or just to doodle and draw your thoughts.
© Stacey Lloyd 2016

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D

© STACEY LLOYD 2016

When Lord of the Flies was published

shadow of the horrors of World War the

evil things people did to each other in

Golding began to see all human nature

. After the war the United Nations was

set up to try to ensure that such a glob

1954, when Lord of the Flies was publish

and the threat of a Third World War was r

very real. Many countries had built up

atomic energy to destroy civilizations.

Flies take place against the backdrop

LORD OF THE FLIES AS AN ALLEGORY

1 © STACEY LLOYD 2016

4. In your own words, what is allegory?

© STACEY LLOYD 2016 2

“Man is the cruelest animal.”

“The world is a dangerous

“In spite of everything I still

“In each of us, two natures

© STACEY LLOYD 2016 4

His style of leadership:

What is important to him?

Key events in the novel which relate to him:

Significance of his name:

How he relates to Ralph: How he relates to everyone else:

tation: Important quotation:

5 © STACEY LLOYD 2016

How does he view the world?

Significance of his name:

What is important to him?

Notes on his personality:

How he relates to Jack: How he relates to everyone else:

His style of leadership:

© STACEY LLOYD 2016 6

How others see him:

Physical description: Key events related to the plot:

7 © STACEY LLOYD 2016

Who are they? How others see them:

Key events related to the plot:

© STACEY LLOYD 2016 8

Phrases which describe

IF THIS CHAPTER WERE A

WORDS USED TO DESCRIBE

FIND OUT THE MEANING OF THESE SLANG WORDS/PHRASES:

In what ways are Ralph and Piggy different?

What does it symbolize?

9 © STACEY LLOYD 2016

What are they?

Who do you think should be chief?

A quotation which illustrates this:

Will Ralph remain chief? Will everyone get along? Explain.

If someone is to die, who will it be and how?

4. Why doesn’t Piggy ask for the names of the choirboys?

5. Why do you think that Piggy isn’t even considered as chief?

11 © STACEY LLOYD 2016

List the ways Ralph tries to instill a sense of order:

THEM. Coral Island

In your opinion, Piggy is: ” A SIMILE in this chapter:

££kind and thoughtful

animal, he would be...

© STACEY LLOYD 2016 12