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Data-Data Yang Diketahui
Data-Data Yang Diketahui
2.00
D F
J K 5
1.500
C G
I L
1.500
A B
H M
10.00
- Atap : Seng
- Beban Hidup : 70 Kg
- Kayu Kelas/Mutu : II/A
>>> Menghitung Panjang Batang
5
** α = Arc Tg .
5
α = Arc Tg 1.000
= 45.00 °
** AC = CD = FG = GB = √ 1.5 2
+ 1.429 2
= √ 2.250 + 2.041
= √ 4.291
= 2.071 m
** HI = IJ = KL = LM = 2.071 m
** AH = CI = DJ = KF = LG = MB = 1.429 m
** CH = DI = FL = GM = 1.5 m
** EJ = EK = √ 0.7142857 2
+ 2.0 2
** DE = EF = √2.142857 2
+ 2.0 2
= √ 4.510 = √ 8.592
= 2.124 m = 2.931 m
¤ Mx = 1/10 . qy . L2
q
= 1/10 . ( 7.324 + 0.707 q ) . 3.0 2
¤ Py = P cos α
= 70 . cos 45.00
= 70 . 0.707
= 49.497 Kg
P P P ¤ Mx = 1/5 . Py . L
= 1/5 . 49.497 . 3.0
= 29.698
¤ My = 1/5 . Px . L
L L L = 1/5 . 49.497 . 3.0
= 29.698
¤ Qx = Py / 2
= 49.497 / 2
= 24.74874
¤ Qy = Px / 2
M max = 51 PL
= 49.497 / 2
= 24.74874
◊ Akibat Beban Angin ( W= 50 Kg/m ) 2
→ Angin Tekan
α = 45.00 °
» Untuk α < 65 °, Maka :
c = 0.02 . α - 0.4
= 0.02 . 45.00 - 0.4
= 0.500
» W Tekan = 0.500 . 50 = 25.000 Kg/m2
» q Tekan = 25.000 . 1.036 = 25.893 Kg/m2
→ Angin Tekan
» Untuk α < 65 ° ; c = -0.4 Maka :
» W hisap = -0.4 . 50 = -20.00 Kg/m2
» q hisap = -20.0 . 1.036 = -20.71 Kg/m2
→ Kombinasi Pembebanan
~ Beban Mati + Beban Hidup
¤ Mx = ( 6.591 + 0.636 q ) + 29.698 = 36.290 + 0.636 q Kg.m
¤ My = ( 6.591 + 0.636 q ) + 29.698 = 36.290 + 0.636 q Kg.m
¤ Qx = ( 10.985 + 1.061 q ) + 24.749 = 35.734 + 1.061 q Kg
¤ Qy = ( 10.985 + 1.061 q ) + 24.749 = 35.734 + 1.061 q Kg
~ Beban Mati + Beban Angin
¤ Mx = ( 6.591 + 0.636 q ) + 23.304 = 29.895 + 0.636 q Kg.m
¤ My = ( 6.591 + 0.636 q ) + 0 = 6.591 + 0.636 q Kg.m
¤ Qx = ( 10.985 + 1.061 q ) + 38.839 = 49.825 + 1.061 q Kg
¤ Qy = ( 10.985 + 1.061 q ) + 0 = 10.985 + 1.061 q Kg
~ Yang dipakai dalam desain adalah yg terbesar
¤ Mx = 36.290 + 0.636 q Kg.m
¤ My = 36.290 + 0.636 q Kg.m
¤ Qx = 35.734 + 1.061 q Kg
¤ Qy = 35.734 + 1.061 q Kg
1 1 2 2
» Iy = b3 . h = ( h ) 3 . h = h4
» Iy =
12
b3 . h =
12 ( 3
h ) 3 . h =
81
h4
1 1 2 1
» Wx =
6
b . h2 =
6 ( 3
h ) . h2 =
9
h3
1 1 2 2
» Wy =
6
b2 . h =
6 ( 3
h ) 2 . h =
27
h3
◊ Berat Gording = q2 = q = b x h
BJ = 2/3 . h . h . 0.0007 = 0.00047 h2 Kg/Cm 47
¤ Mx = 36.290 + 0.636 q Kg.m
= 36.290 + 0.636 . 0.00047 h2
= 3629.0 + 63.6 . 0.00047 h2
= 3629.0 + 0.030 h2
¤ My = 36.290 + 0.636 q Kg.m
= 36.290 + 0.636 . 0.00047 h2
3629.0 + 63.6 . 0.00047 h2
3629.0 + 0.030 h2
12 47.308 8
h = 12 cm
15 24.238 10
h = 12 cm
18 14.038 12
b = 8 cm
→ Sehingga diperoleh :
= 47.308 Kg/Cm2
→ Kontrol
σLt = 47.308 ≤ σ Lt 100 Kg/Cm2 OK
B. Tegangan Geser ( ζ )
¤ ζ = √ ζx2 + ζy2
3 Qx 3 Qy
==> ζx = . ==> ζx = .
2 b . h 2 b . h
3 35.805 3 35.805
= . = .
2 8 . 12 2 8 . 12
3 35.805 3 35.805
= . = .
2 96 2 96
107.41627 107.4163
= = 0.5595 Kg/Cm2 = = 0.5595 Kg/Cm2
192 192
¤ ζ = √ ζx2 + ζy2
= √ 0.5595 2 + 0.5595 2
= √ 0.313 + 0.313
= 0.791 Kg/Cm2
→ Kontrol
ζ ≤ ζ ======> 0.791 ≤ 12 Kg/Cm2 OK
B. Kontrol Lendutan ( δ )
L
¤ δ =
200 ¤ Kayu Kelas II
5 . qy . L 4 Py . L 3
¤ δ x = +
384 . E . Ix 48 . E Ix
= 0.067 + 0.242
= 0.309 Cm
5 . qx . L 4 Px . L 3
¤ δ y = +
384 . E . Iy 48 . E Iy
= 0.152 + 0.544
= 0.696 Cm
¤ δ = √ δx2 + δy2
= √ 0.3092 2 + 0.6956 2
= √ 0.096 + 0.484
= 0.761 Cm
→ Kontrol
δ ≤ δ ======> 0.761 ≤ 1.5 Cm OK
Gording
Panjang HI = IJ = KL = LM = 2.071 m
Atap Seng
D F Panjang AH = CI = DJ = KF = LG = MB = 1.429 m
J K 5.0
C G Panjang CH = DI = FL = GM = 1.500 m
I L
Panjang EJ = EK = 2.124 m
A H M B
3.0
A C D E F 3.0
3.0
Gording
F
D
J K 5.00
G
C
I L
A B
H M
10.00
¤ Reaksi Perletakan
>> Karena Simetris, Maka :
VA = VB = Ptotal Simpul AB + Ptotal Simpul CG + Ptotal Simpul DF + 1/2 . Ptotal Simpul E
= 140.931 + 302.003 + 346.194 + 146.047
= 935.176 Kg ( ↑ )
◊ Akibat Beban Terpusat/Hidup ( P= 70 Kg)
75 Kg
75 Kg 75 Kg
75 Kg
D F 75 Kg
5.00
J K
75 Kg G 75 Kg
C
I L
A B
H M
10.00
VA VB
¤ Reaksi Perletakan
VA = VB = ( 3 . 70 ) + ( 1/2 . 70 )
= 210 + 35
= 245 Kg ( ↑ )
◊ Akibat Beban Angin Kiri
>> W tekan = 25.000 Kg/m2
*) Simpul A = 25 . 3.107 = 77.68 Kg
*) Simpul C = 25 . 6.214 = 155.36 Kg
*) Simpul D = 25 . 7.504 = 187.60 Kg
*) Simpul EKiri = 25 . 4.397 = 109.92 Kg
α
108,90 Kg
129,10 Kg
= 45.00 °
85,90 Kg D
J K
F
5.00
101,84 Kg
G
42,95 Kg C
I L 50.92 Kg
A M B
H
J K 101,84 Kg
G
42,95 Kg C
I L 50.92 Kg
A M B
10.00
H
VA VB
¤ Reaksi Perletakan
==> Σ MB = 0
= VA . 10.00 - 54.927 . 10.00 - 109.854 . 8.571 - 132.652 . 7.143 - 77.725 . 5.71 + 62.180 . 5.71 +
106.121 . 4.286 + 87.883 . 1.43 = 0.00
= VA . 10.00 - 549.270 - 941.606 - 947.513 - 444.141 + 355.313 + 454.806 + 125.548 = 0
= VA . 10.00 - 1946.864 = 0.00
= VA . 10.00 = 1946.864
1946.864
VA =
10.00
= 194.686 ( ↑ )
==> Σ MA = 0
= -VB . 10.00 - 43.942 . 10.00 - 87.883 . 8.571 - 106.121 . 7.143 - 62.180 . 5.71 + 77.725 . 5.71 +
132.652 . 4.286 + 109.854 . 1.43 = 0.00
= -VB . 10.00 - 439.416 - 753.285 - 758.010 - 355.313 + 444.141 + 568.508 + 156.934 = 0
= -VB . 10.00 - 1136.441 = 0.00
= VB . 10.00 = 1136.441
1136.441
VB =
-10.00
= -113.64 ( ↓ )
==> Σ H = 0
HA - 54.927 - 109.854 - 132.652 - 77.725 - 62.180 - 106.121 - 87.883 - 43.942 = 0.00
HA - -675.284
HA = 675.284 (→)
@) Kontrol
==> Σ V = 0
54.927 - 109.854 - 132.652 - 77.725 + 62.180 + 106.121 + 87.883 + 43.942 + 194.686 - 113.64 = 0
6.01 = 0.00 OK
108,90 Kg
129,10 Kg
F
85,90 Kg D
J K 101,84 Kg
5.00
G
42,95 Kg C
I L 50.92 Kg
E
108,90 Kg
129,10 Kg
F
85,90 Kg D
J K 101,84 Kg
5.00
G
42,95 Kg C
I L 50.92 Kg
A M B
H
10.00
¤ Reaksi Perletakan VA VB
302.003 IV
F
302.00 Panjang EJ = EK = 2.124 m
D 20
17
J
10
K
II
III
2 16
VI
21
5
5.0 Panjang DE = EF = 2.931 m
11 9
140.931 C
V 22 G 140.931
I
1
15
12
I L 6
P Simpul A,B = 140.931 Kg
IV 23
14 8
A
III
B P Simpul C,G = 302.003 Kg
13 H II M 7
I
10.00 P Simpul D,F = 346.194 Kg
P Simpul E = 292.094 Kg
RA= 935.176 RB= 935.176
1 1.429
Sin α = Cos α =
√ 1.5 2 + 1.429 2 √ 1.5 2 + 1.42857 2
1 1.428571
= = 0.483 = = 0.690
√4.291 √4.291
¤ Potongan I - I
==> Σ MH = 0
= 935.176 . 1.429 - 140.931 . 1.429 - S1 . 0.483 . 1.429 = 0
= 1335.965 - 201.331 - S1 . 0.690 = 0
= -S1 . 0.690 = 1134.635
1134.635
S1 = = -1645.220 Kg (Tekan)
-0.690
==> Σ MC = 0
= 935.176 . 1.429 - 140.931 . 1.429 + S13 . 1.500 = 0
= 1335.965 - 201.331 - S13 . 1.500 = 0
= S13 . 1.500 = 1134.635
-1134.635
S13 = = 756.42 Kg (Tarik)
-1.500
¤ Potongan II - II
==> Σ MC = 0
= 935.176 . 1.429 - 140.931 . 1.429 + S12 . 0.690 . 1.500 = 0
= 1335.965 - 201.331 + S12 . 1.034 = 0
= -S12 . 1.034 = 1134.635
-1134.635
S12 = = 1096.81 Kg (Tarik)
-1.034
==> Σ MA = 0
= -S14 . 1.429 - 1096.81 . 0.483 . 1.429 = 0
= -S14 . 1.429 - 756.423 = 0
= -S14 . 1.429 = 756.423
S14 = 756.423
= -529.50 Kg (Tekan)
-1.429
¤ Potongan III - III
==> Σ MI = 0
= 935.176 . 2.857 - 140.931 . 2.857 + 302.003 . 1.429 + S2 . 0.483 . 1.429 = 0
= 2671.930 - 402.661 + 431.433 + S2 . 0.690 = 0
= S2 . 0.690 = 2700.702
2700.702
S2 = = -3916.02 Kg (Tekan)
-0.690
==> Σ MH = 0
= 935.176 . 1.429 - 140.931 . 1.429 + S15 . 1.500 - 3916.02 . 0.690 . 1.500 = 0
= 1335.965 - 201.331 + S15 . -1.500 - 4051.05 = 0
= -S15 . -1.500 = 2916.418
2916.418
S15 = = 1944.28 Kg (Tarik)
1.500
¤ Potongan IV - IV
==> Σ MD = 0
= 935.176 . 2.857 - 140.931 . 2.857 - 302.003 . 1.429 - S11 . 0.690 . 1.500 = 0
= 2671.930 - 402.661 - 431.4327 - S11 . 0.690 = 0
= S11 . 0.690 = 1837.836
-1837.836
S11 = = 2664.86 Kg (Tarik)
-0.690
==> Σ MC = 0
= 935.176 . 1.429 - 140.931 . 1.429 - S16 . 1.429 + 2664.86 . 0.483 . 1.429 = 0
= 1335.965 - 201.331 + 1837.836 - S16 . 1.429 = 0
= S16 . 1.429 = 2972.471
-2972.471
S16 = = 2080.73 Kg (Tarik)
-1.429
¤ Potongan V - V
==> Σ MJ = 0
= 935.176 . 4.286 - 140.931 . 4.286 - 302.003 . 2.857 - 346.194 . 1.429 + S3 . 0.483 . 1.429 = 0
= 4007.896 - 603.992 - 862.8653 - 494.56323 + S3 . 0.690 = 0
= S3 . 0.690 = 2046.475
-2046.475
S11 = = -2967.39 Kg (Tekan)
0.690
==> Σ MI = 0
= 935.176 . 2.857 - 140.931 . 2.857 - 302.003 . 1.429 - S17 . 1.50 + 2967.39 . 0.483 . 1.500 = 0
= 2671.930 - 402.661 - 431.4327 - S17 . 1.500 + 2148.80 = 0
= S17 . 1.500 = 3986.635
-3986.635
S17 = = 2657.76 Kg (Tarik)
S17 = = 2657.76 Kg (Tarik)
-1.500
¤ Potongan VI - VI
==> Σ ME = 0
= 935.176 . 5.714 - 140.931 . 5.714 - 302.003 . 3.571 - 346.194 . 2.143 - S10 . 1.500 = 0
= 5343.861 - 805.322 - 1078.582 - 741.84 - S10 . 1.500 = 0
= S10 . 1.500 = 2718.112
-2718.112
S10 = = 1812.07 Kg (Tarik)
-1.500
==> Σ MD = 0
= 935.176 . 2.857 - 140.931 . 2.857 - 302.003 . 1.429 - S18 . 0.690 . 1.429 = 0
= 2671.930 - 402.661 + 431.4327 - S18 . 0.985 = 0
= S18 . 0.985 = 1837.836
-1837.836
S18 = = 1865.40 Kg (Tarik)
-0.985
Karena Struktur Rangka atap simetris, maka gaya-gaya batang disebelah kanan sama dengan batang-batang disebelah kiri
75 Kg VI 75 Kg
Panjang AH = CI = DJ = KF = LG = MB = 1.429 m
V
3
18
19 4 Panjang CH = DI = FL = GM = 1.500 m
75 Kg 75 Kg
IV
D 20 F Panjang EJ = EK = 2.124 m
III
17
J VI
10
K 5
5.0
II
2 16
11 9
21
Panjang DE = EF = 2.931 m
75 Kg
75 Kg
C
V 22 G
I
I
1
15
12 IV
L 6 P Simpul A,B = 140.931 Kg
23
14
8
A
III
B
P Simpul C,G = 302.003 Kg
13 H II M 7
I
10.00 P Simpul D,F = 346.194 Kg
P Simpul E = 292.094 Kg
1 1.429
Sin α = Cos α =
√ 1.5 2 + 1.429 2 √ 1.5 2 + 1.42857 2
1 1.428571
= =
√4.291 √4.291
= 0.483 = 0.690
√ √
= 0.483 = 0.690
¤ Potongan I - I
==> Σ MH = 0
= 245.0 . 1.429 - 70.0 . 1.429 - S1 . 0.483 . 1.429 = 0
= 350.000 - 100.000 - S1 . 0.690 = 0
= -S1 . 0.690 = 250.000
250.000
S1 = = -362.50 Kg (Tekan)
-0.690
==> Σ MC = 0
= 245.00 . 1.429 - 70.0 . 1.429 + S13 . 1.5 = 0
= 350.000 - 100.000 - S13 . 1.500 = 0
= S13 . 1.500 = 250.000
-250.000
S13 = = 166.67 Kg (Tarik)
-1.500
¤ Potongan II - II
==> Σ MC = 0
= 245.00 . 1.429 - 70.0 . 1.429 + S12 . 0.690 . 1.5 = 0
= 350.000 - 100.000 + S12 . 1.034 = 0
= -S12 . 1.034 = 250.000
-250.000
S12 = = 241.67 Kg (Tarik)
-1.034
==> Σ MA = 0
= -S14 . 1.429 - 241.67 . 0.483 . 1.429 = 0
= -S14 . 1.429 - 166.667 = 0
= -S14 . 1.429 = 166.667
S14 = 166.667
= -116.67 Kg (Tekan)
-1.429
==> Σ MH = 0
= 245.00 . 1.429 - 70.0 . 1.429 + S15 . 1.5 - 580.00 . 0.690 . 1.5 = 0
= 350.000 - 100.000 + S15 . 1.500 - 600.00 = 0
= -S15 . 1.500 = 350.000
-350.000
S15 = = 233.33 Kg (Tarik)
-1.500
¤ Potongan IV - IV
==> Σ MD = 0
= 245.00 . 2.857 - 70.0 . 2.857 - 70.0 . 1.429 - S11 . 0.690 . 1.5 = 0
= 700.000 - 200.000 - 100 - S11 . 0.690 = 0
= S11 . 0.690 = 400.000
-400.000
S11 = = 580.00 Kg (Tarik)
-0.690
==> Σ MC = 0
= 245.00 . 1.429 - 70.0 . 1.429 - S16 . 1.429 + 580.00 . 0.483 . 1.429 = 0
= 350.000 - 100.000 + 400 - S16 . 1.429 = 0
= S16 . 1.429 = 650.000
-650.000
S16 = = 455.00 Kg (Tarik)
-1.429
¤ Potongan V - V
==> Σ MJ = 0
= 245.00 . 4.286 - 70.0 . 4.286 - 70.0 . 2.857 - 70.0 . 1.429 + S3 . 0.483 . 1.429 = 0
= 1050.000 - 300.000 - 200 - 100 + S3 . 0.690 = 0
= S3 . 0.690 = 450.000
450.000
S11 = = 652.50 Kg (Tekan)
0.690
==> Σ MI = 0
= 245.00 . 2.857 - 70.0 . 2.857 - 70.0 . 1.429 - S17 . 1.50 + -652.50 . 0.483 . 1.5 = 0
= 700.000 - 200.000 - 100 - S17 . 1.500 + -472.50 = 0
= S17 . 1.500 = -72.500
72.500
S17 = = -48.33 Kg (Tarik)
-1.5
¤ Potongan VI - VI
==> Σ ME = 0
= 245.00 . 5.714 - 70.0 . 5.714 - 70.0 . 3.571 - 70.0 . 2.143 - S10 . 1.5 = 0
= 1400.000 - 400.000 - 250 - 150.00 - S10 . 1.5 = 0
= S10 . 1.500 = 600.000
-600.000
S10 = = 400.00 Kg (Tarik)
-1.5
==> Σ MD = 0
= 245.000 . 2.857 - 70.0 . 2.857 - 70.0 . 1.429 - S18 . 0.690 . 1.429 = 0
= 700.000 - 200.000 + 100 - S18 . 0.985 = 0
= S18 . 0.985 = 400.000
-400.000
S18 = = 406.00 Kg (Tarik)
-0.985
◊ Akibat Beban Angin Panjang AC = CD = FG = GB = 2.07
Panjang HI = IJ = KL = LM = 2.07
52 ,75 8 K g
62 ,5 47 Kg
Panjang AH = CI = DJ = KF = LG = MB = 1.429
E
Panjang CH = DI = FL = GM = 1.5
46,91 Kg
39,568 Kg
8 7,11 8 K g
10 3,2 8 K g
V
3
19 4 XI Panjang DE = EF = 2.931
18
81 ,47 K g
10 X
17 K
III J VI XII
21 5
IX Py Simpul A = 54.927 Kg Py Simpul Eka = 62.1798
2 16
II 11 9
C V XI G 61,103 Kg Px Simpul C = 109.854 Kg Px Simpul F = 106.121
51,540 Kg 22
40 ,73 5 Kg
I
3 4,3 6 0 K g
VIII
I 15 L VII
1
14
12 IV X 23
6
Py Simpul C = 109.854 Kg Py Simpul F = 106.121
8
III
25,770 Kg HA = 675.2838 IX 30,551 Kg
Px Simpul D = 132.652 Kg Px Simpul G = 87.8833
A 13 H M 7 B
II VIII
I VII Py Simpul D = 132.652 Kg Py Simpul G = 87.8833
RA = 194.686 RB = 113.644
###
1 1.429
Sin α = Cos α =
√ 1.5 2 + 1.429 2 √ 1.5 2 + 1.429 2
1 1.42857
= = 0.483 = = 0.690
√4.291 √4.291
¤ Potongan I - I
==> Σ MH = 0
= 194.686 . 1.429 - 54.927 . 1.429 - S1 . 0.483 . 1.429 = 0
= 278.123 - 78.467 - S1 . 0.690 = 0
= -S1 . 0.690 = 199.656
199.656
S1 = = -289.50 Kg
-0.690
==> Σ MC = 0
= 194.686 . 1.429 + 675.28 . 1.5 - 54.927 . 1.429 - 54.927 . 1.5 - S13 . 1.5 = 0
= 278.123 + 1012.926 - 78.46721 - 82.391 - S13 . 1.500 = 0
= S13 . 1.500 = 1130.191
-1130.191
S13 = = 753.46 Kg
-1.5
¤ Potongan II - II
==> Σ MC = 0
= 194.686 . 1.429 + 675.28 . 1.5 - 54.927 . 1.429 - 54.927 . 1.5 - S12 . 0.690 . 1.5 =
= 278.123 + 1012.926 - 78.46721 - 82.391 - S12 . 1.034 = 0
= S12 . 1.034 = 1130.191
-1130.191
S12 = = 1092.52 Kg
-1.034
==> Σ MA = 0
= -S14 . 1.429 - 1092.52 . 0.483 . 1.429 = 0
= -S14 . 1.429 - 753.461 = 0
= -S14 . 1.429 = 753.461
S14 = 753.461
= -527.42 Kg
-1.429
¤ Potongan III - III
==> Σ MI = 0
= 194.686 . 2.857 - 54.927 . 2.857 + 675.28 . 1.5 - 54.927 . 1.5 + S2 . 0.483 . 1.429 =
= 556.247 - 156.934 + 1012.926 - 82.391 + S2 . 0.690 = 0
= S2 . 0.690 = 1329.848
1329.848
S2 = = -1928.28 Kg
-0.690
==> Σ MH = 0
= 194.69 . 1.429 - 54.927 . 1.429 + 109.854 . 1.5 + S15 . 1.5 - 1928.28 . 0.690 . 1.5 = 0
= 278.123 - 78.467 + 164.781 + S15 . 1.5 - 1994.77 = 0
= -S15 . 1.500 = 1630.334
-1630.334
S15 = = 1086.89 Kg
-1.500
¤ Potongan IV - IV
==> Σ MD = 0
= 194.686 . 2.857 - 54.927 . 2.857 - 109.854 . 1.429 + 675.284 . 3.0 - 54.927 . 3.0 - 109.85 .
S11 . 0.690 . 1.5 = 0
= 556.247 - 156.934 - 156.9344 + 2025.851 - 164.78 - 164.78 - S11 . 0.690 = 0
= S11 . 0.690 = 1938.7
-1938.7
S11 = = 2811.07 Kg
-0.690
==> Σ MC = 0
= 194.686 . 1.429 - 54.927 . 1.429 + 675.2838 . 1.5 - 54.927 . 1.5 + 2811.07 . 1.429 . 0.483 - S16 .
= 278.123 - 78.467 + 1012.926 - 82.391 + 1938.667 - S16 . 1.429 = 0
= S16 . 1.429 = 3068.859
-3068.859
S16 = = 2148.20 Kg
-1.429
¤ Potongan V - V
==> Σ MJ = 0
= 194.686 . 4.286 - 54.927 . 4.286 - 109.854 . 2.857 - 132.652 . 1.429 + 675.28 . 3.0 - 54.93 .
109.854 . 1.5 + S3 . 0.483 . 1.429 = 0
= 834.370 - 235.402 - 313.8688 - 189.503 + 2025.85 - 164.7811 - 164.7811 + S3 . 0.690 = 0
= S3 . 0.690 = 1791.887
-1791.887
S3 = = -2598.24 Kg
0.690
==> Σ MI = 0
= 194.686 . 2.857 - 54.927 . 2.857 - 109.85 . 1.429 - S17 . 1.50 - 2598.24 . 0.690 . 1.5 +
675.28 . 1.50 - 54.927 . 1.50 = 0
= 556.247 - 156.934 - 156.9344 - S17 . 1.50 - 2687.83 + 1012.93 - 82.39057 = 0
= S17 . 1.500 = -1514.917
1514.917
S17 = = -1009.94 Kg
-1.500
¤ Potongan VI - VI
==> Σ ME = 0
= 194.686 . 5.714 - 54.93 . 5.714 - 109.854 . 3.571 - 132.652 . 2.143 - S10 . 1.5 + 675.28 .
54.927 . 4.25 - 109.85 . 3.5 - 132.652 . 2.0 = 0
= 1112.494 - 313.869 - 392.336 - 284.25 - S10 . 1.5 + 2868.23 - 233.30 - 384.49 - 265.30
= S10 . 1.500 = 2107.175
-2107.175
S10 = = 1404.78 Kg
-1.5
==> Σ MD = 0
= 194.686 . 2.857 - 54.927 . 2.857 - 109.85 . 1.429 - S18 . 0.690 . 1.429 + 675.28 . 3.0
54.927 . 3.0 - 109.854 . 1.5 = 0
= 556.247 - 156.934 - 156.934 - S18 . 0.985 + 2025.85 - 164.781 - 164.781 = 0
= S18 . 0.985 = 1938.7
-1938.7
S18 = = 1967.75 Kg
S18 = = 1967.75 Kg
-0.985
==> Σ MG = 0
= 113.644 . 1.429 - 43.942 . 1.429 - 43.942 . 1.5 - S7 . 1.5 = 0
= 162.349 - 62.774 - 65.91245 - S7 . 1.500 = 0
= S7 . 1.500 = -33.663
-33.663
S7 = = -22.44 Kg
1.5
==> Σ MB = 0
= S23 . 1.429 - 32.54 . 0.483 . 1.429 = 0
= S23 . 1.429 - 22.442 = 0
= S23 . 1.429 = 22.442
S23 = 22.442
= 15.71 Kg
1.429
¤ Potongan IX - IX
==> Σ MI = 0
= 113.644 . 2.857 - 43.942 . 2.857 - 43.942 . 1.5 - S5 . 0.483 . 1.429 - 87.8833 . 1.429 = 0
= 324.698 - 125.548 - 65.912 - S5 . 0.690 - 125.5475 = 0
= S5 . 0.690 = 7.690
7.690
S5 = = 11.15 Kg
0.690
==> Σ MM = 0
= 113.644 . 1.429 - 43.942 . 1.429 + 87.883 . 1.5 + S22 . 1.5 - 11.15 . 0.690 . 1.5 = 0
= 162.349 - 62.774 + 131.825 + S22 . 1.5 - 11.53504 = 0
= S22 . 1.5 = -219.865
-219.865
S22 = = -146.58 Kg
1.5
¤ Potongan X - X
==> Σ MF = 0
= 113.644 . 2.857 - 43.942 . 2.857 - 87.883 . 1.429 - 43.942 . 3 - 87.883 . 1.5 +
S9 . 0.690 . 1.5 = 0
= 324.698 - 125.548 - 125.548 - 131.825 - 131.825 + S9 . 1.034483 = 0
= S9 . 1.034 = 190.047
190.047
S9 = = 183.712 Kg
1.034
==> Σ MG = 0
= 113.644 . 1.429 - 43.942 . 1.429 - 43.942 . 1.5 + S21 . 1.429 + 183.71 . 0.690 . 1.5 = 0
= 162.349 - 62.774 - 65.912 + S21 . 1.429 + 190.0473 = 0
= S21 . 1.429 = -223.710
-223.710
S21 = = -156.60 Kg
1.429
¤ Potongan XI - XI
==> Σ MK = 0
= 113.644 . 4.286 - 43.942 . 4.286 - 87.883 . 2.857 - 106.121 . 1.429 - 43.942 . 3.0 - 87.88 .
S4 . 0.483 . 1.429 = 0
= 487.046 - 188.321 - 251.095 - 151.602 - 131.825 - 131.825 + S4 . 0.689655 = 0
= S4 . 0.690 = 367.622
367.622
S4 = = 533.052 Kg
0.690
==> Σ ML = 0
= 113.644 . 2.857 - 43.942 . 2.857 - 87.883 . 1.429 - 43.942 . 1.5 - 533.052 . 0.690 . 1.5
S20 . 1.5 = 0
= 324.698 - 125.548 - 125.548 - 65.912 - 551.433 + S20 . 1.5 = 0
= S20 . 1.5 = -543.743
-543.743
S20 = = -362.50 Kg
1.500
1.5 -
1.429
3.0 -
4.25 -
= 0
-
0
0
1.5 +
+
@) Kontrol Beban Mati
==> Titik Simpul A
140.931 Kg
SH = S1 Cos α
S1 SV = S1 Sin α
S13
==> ΣV = 0
= RA + S1 . Sin α - P Total Simpul A = 0
= 935.18 + S1 . Sin 40 - 140.931 = 0
= 935.18 + S1 . 0.643 - 140.931 = 0
S1 . 0.643 + 794.244 = 0
-794.244
S1 = = -1235.62 Kg
0.643
Dengan Cara Ruiter = -1645.22 Kg
Selisihnya Adalah = -1235.62 - 1645.22
x 100 % = 2.331 % < 3 % Ok
-1235.62
==> ΣH = 0
= S1 . Cos α + S13 = 0
= -1235.62 . Cos 40 + S13 = 0
= -1235.62 . 0.766 + S13 = 0
S13 = 1235.62 . 0.766
= 946.543 Kg
Dengan Cara Ruiter = 756.42 Kg
Selisihnya Adalah = 946.54 + 756.42
x 100 % = 1.799 % < 3 % Ok
946.54
==> Titik Simpul B
140.931 Kg
S6 Cos α
S6
S6 Sin α
S7
935.176 Kg
==> ΣV = 0
= RB + S6 . Sin α - P Total Simpul A = 0
= 935.18 + S6 . Sin 40 - 140.931 = 0
= 935.18 + S6 . 0.643 - 140.931 = 0
S6 . 0.643 + 794.244 = 0
-794.244
S6 = = -1235.62 Kg
0.643
Dengan Cara Ruiter = -1645.22 Kg
Selisihnya Adalah = -1235.62 - 1645.22
x 100 % = 2.331 % < 3 % Ok
-1235.62
==> ΣH = 0
= S6 . Cos α + S7 = 0
= -1235.62 . Cos 40 + S7 = 0
= -1235.62 . 0.766 + S7 = 0
S7 = 1235.62 . 0.766
= 946.543 Kg
Dengan Cara Ruiter = 756.42 Kg
Selisihnya Adalah = 946.54 + 756.42
x 100 % = 1.799 % < 3 % Ok
946.54
@) Kontrol Beban Hidup
==> Titik Simpul A
70 Kg S1 Cos α
S1 S13 Sin α
S13
RA = 245 Kg
==> ΣV = 0
= RA + S1 . Sin α - P Total Simpul A = 0
= 245 + S1 . Sin 40 - 70 = 0
= 245 + S1 . 0.643 - 70 = 0
S1 . 0.643 - 175 = 0
-175
S1 = = -272.25 Kg
0.643
Dengan Cara Ruiter = -362.50 Kg
Selisihnya Adalah = -272.25 - 362.50
x 100 % = 2.331 % < 3 % Ok
-272.25
==> ΣH = 0
= S1 . Cos α + S13 = 0
= -272.3 . Cos 40 + S13 = 0
= -272.3 . 0.766 + S13 = 0
S13 = 272.25 . 0.766
= 208.557 Kg
Dengan Cara Ruiter = 166.67 Kg
Selisihnya Adalah = 208.56 + 166.67
x 100 % = 1.799 % < 3 % Ok
208.56
==> Titik Simpul B
S6 Cos α 70 Kg
S6
S6 Sin α
S1
245 Kg
==> ΣV = 0
= RB + S6 . Sin α - P Total Simpul A = 0
= 245 + S6 . Sin 40 - 70 = 0
= 245 + S6 . 0.643 - 70 = 0
S6 . 0.643 - 175 = 0
-175
S6 = = -272.25 Kg
0.643
Dengan Cara Ruiter = -362.50 Kg
Selisihnya Adalah = -272.25 - 362.50
x 100 % = 2.331 % < 3 % Ok
-272.25
==> ΣH = 0
= S6 . Cos α + S7 = 0
= -272.25 . Cos 40 + S7 = 0
= -272.25 . 0.766 + S7 = 0
S7 = 272.25 . 0.766
= 208.557 Kg
Dengan Cara Ruiter = 166.67 Kg
Selisihnya Adalah = 208.56 + 166.67
x 100 % = 1.799 % < 3 % Ok
208.56
Beban Mati Beban Hidup Angin Kiri Angin Kanan BM + BH BM + BAKI BM + BAKA
Batang Maksimal
1 2 3 4 1+2 1+3 1+4
S1 -1645.22 -362.50 -289.50 144.38 -2007.72 -1934.72 -1500.84 -2007.72
714.857362
= = 8.41
85
h = ≥ 8.41 ( Diambil h = 12 )
12 = ≥ 8.41
3216.86
Kontrol σtr // = ≤ σtr // = 85 Kg/Cm2
b.h
3216.86
= ≤ 85 Kg/Cm2
6 . 12
= 44.68 ≤ 85 Kg/Cm2
◊ Kelangsingan Batang
= Lk
==> λ
Ix
≤ 150 ( Acuan : PKKI Hal. 9 )
150
=
0.289 ≤ 150
519.03
= = 3.46
150
h = ≥ 3.46 ( Diambil h = 7 )
7 = ≥ 3.46
Maka = 150
λ
0.289 7
≤ 150
= 74.15 ≤ 150 Ok
Kontrol
= w ≤ σtk //
= 2.3604 ≤ 25 Kg/Cm2
◊ Batang Horizontal ( S15, S17, S20, S22 ) Dan Batang Diagonal (S18, S19 )
¤ Gaya Batang ( p ) Maks : 2609.42 ( Tarik )
σtr // = p ≤ σtr // = 85 Kg/Cm2
Fn
==> Fnet = 0.75 b.h ( Diambil b = 6 )
Fnet = 0.75 . 6 h
= 4.5 h
==> σtr // = 2609.42 ≤ 85 Kg/Cm2
4.5 h
= 579.9 = 6.82
85
h = ≥ 6.82 ( Diambil h = 12 )
12 = ≥ 6.82
Kontrol σtr // = 2609.42 ≤ σtr // = 85 Kg/Cm2
b.h
= 2609.42
≤ 85 Kg/Cm2
6 . 12
= 36.24 ≤ 85 Kg/Cm2
6
Dimensi Batang Horizontal Dengan Diagonal = 1 .
12
>>> Desain Sambungan Titik Simpul
◊ Sambungan Bentangan Dua
==> Untuk Sambungan Bertampang Dua ( Kayu Kelas II )
* λb = 4.3
* Ŝ = 100 . d . b3 ( 1 - 0.6 Sin α )
* Ŝ = 430 . d 2
( 1 - 0.35 Sin α )
d = Dimensi Baut
b b ( Diambil b = 6 )
* λb = d
d λb
6
= = 1.395 Cm = 13.953 mm
4.3
3 3
==> Diameter Baut : Ф = . 2.54 = 3.81 Cm
2 2
Simpul A
S1 = -2007.72
2 x 6/12
VA = 194.686
12
45
S13
tm
S13 12
Im
6
Simpul H
S14 = 1056.92 >> θ = 90 °
>> ß = 45 °
S12 = 2189.33 >> b = 6 Cm
5/
7 >> b3 = 5 Cm
X
2 >> P = 1056.92
ß
θ
S13 = 1509.88
2 X 6/12 H
Simpul C S2 = 5844.30
12
6/
X >> P = 3031.17
2
5/7
>> α1 = α2 = 22
α1 α2 >> d = 3.81
2
6/1
1X
S3 = 5565.62 S4 = 5565.62
Simpul I
S16 = 4228.93
S11 = 5475.93
2
S15 = 3031.17 6 /1
1 X 5/7 X
2
I
S12 = 2189.33
==> Sambungan batang S16 dengan batang bawah memakai sambungan baut ø 3/2 sebanyak 2 buah
==> Sambungan batang S16 dengan batang S15 ( sambungan tunggal α = 90⁰ )
>> σtk // ( α/2 ) = 85 - ( 85 - 25 ) Sin 45 ⁰
= 85 - ( 85 - 25 ) 0.707
= 85 - 42.43
= 42.57 Kg/cm2
4228.93 Cos2 45 4228.93 . 0.84971049 3593.3668
>> tm = = = = 14.067 Cm
42.6 . 6 255.4 255.4
4228.93 Cos 90 4228.93 . 6E-17 0.0
>> Im = = = = ###
b . h 6 . 12 72
Diambil Im = 15 Cm
Simpul J
S18 = 3833.15
S11 = 5475.93
= 100 . 3.81 . 5 . 1
= 1905.0 Kg
= 200 . 3.81 . 6 . 1
= 4572.0 Kg
⁰
>> Ŝ = 430 . 3.81 2
( 1 - 0.35 sin 180 )
= 430 . 14.5161 1
= 6241.923 0
2609.42
Jumlah baut : n = = 1.370 ≈ 2 Buah
1905.0
= 100 . 3.81 . 5 . 1
= 1905.00 Kg
= 200 . 3.81 . 6 . 1
= 3544.379 Kg
= 430 . 14.5161 . 1
= 5423.530 Kg
3833.15
Jumlah baut : n = = 2.012 ≈ 2 Buah
1905.0
>>> Perhitungan jumlah kayu yang digunakan
Panjang AC = CD = FG = GB = 2.071 m
E
Panjang HI = IJ = KL = LM = 2.071 m
Panjang AH = CI = DJ = KF = LG = MB = 1.429 m
Gording
Atap Seng
Panjang CH = DI = FL = GM = 1.500 m
D F Panjang EJ = EK = 2.124 m
J K 5.0 Panjang DE = EF = 2.931 m
C G
I L
A H M B
10.00
◊ Batang gording 5 Cm x 7 Cm
==> Luas penampang = 5 x 7 = 35 Cm = 0.0035 m
==> Panjang bangunan = 17.00 m
==> Jumlah gording arah melintang bangunan untuk dua sisi yang sama
dengan jarak antara gording 1.036 m adalah
7.07
* u = 2 ( + 1 ) = 15.654 ≈ 16 Buah
1.036
==> Volume kayu untuk gording = 16 . 4 . 0.0035
V1 = 0.224 m3
*) Im = 15 Cm = 0.15 m
*) Luas Penampang = 0.06 x 0.12
= 0.0072 m2
*) Volume Kayu = 0.150 x 0.0072
V7 = 0.001 m 3
◊ Total Volume Kayu untuk kuda - kuda
Batang Tegak
Kayu 5/7 0.021 M3 0.119 M3
( S14, S16, S21, S23 )
Batang atas
Kayu 6/12 0.102 M3 0.577 M3
( S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6 )
Batang Bawah
Kayu 6/12 0.091 M3 0.513 M3
( S7, S8, S9, S10, S11, S12, S13 )
Batang Diagonal
Kayu 6/12 0.031 M3 0.173 M3
( S18, S19 )
Batang Horizontal
Kayu 6/12 0.041 M3 0.233 M3
( S15, S17, S20, S22 )