Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Perhitungan Neraca Massa
Perhitungan Neraca Massa
1. Chopper
Fungsi : Alat yang digunakan untuk memotong TKKS menjadi bentuk chip.
F1 F3
TKKS Basah Chip TKKS
F2
Limbah TKKS
1
Neraca Massa Total
F1 = F2 + F3
= 1.781,49 kg/jam
Asumsi bahan baku yang hilang pada chipper sebesar 0,1 %
F2 = 0,001 × 1.781.49 kg/jam
= 1,7815 kg/jam
F3 = F1 - F2
= 1.781,49 - 1,7815 kg/jam
= 1.779,71 kg/jam
Air yang terserap pada TKKS yaitu 85%.
Aliran F1
- Selulosa(F1) = % selulosa × F1
= 0,465 × 1.781,49 kg/jam
= 828,39 kg/jam
- Hemiselulosa(F1) = % hemiselulosa × F1
= 0,259 × 1.781,49 kg/jam
= 461,61 kg/jam
- Lignin(F1) = % lignin × F1
= 0,276 × 1.781,49 kg/jam
= 491,69 kg/jam
- Air(F1) = 85% × F1
= 0,85 × 1.781,49 kg/jam
= 1.514,27 kg/jam
2
Aliran F2
- Selulosa(F2) = 0,1% × F1 selulosa
= 0,001 × 828,39 kg/jam
= 0,82 kg/jam
- Hemiselulosa(F2) = 0,1% × F1 hemiselulosa
= 0,001 × 461,61 kg/jam
= 0,46 kg/jam
- Lignin(F2) = 0,1% × F1 lignin
= 0,001 × 491,69 kg/jam
= 0,49 kg/jam
- Air(F2) = 0,1% × F1 air
= 0,001 × 1.514,27 kg/jam
= 1,51 kg/jam
Aliran F3
- Selulosa(F3) = 99% × F1 selulosa
= 0,999 × 828,39 kg/jam
= 827,56 kg/jam
- Hemiselulosa(F3) = 99% × F1 hemiselulosa
= 0,999 × 461,41 kg/jam
= 460,94 kg/jam
- Lignin(F3) = 99% × F1 lignin
= 0,999 × 491,69 kg/jam
= 491,20 kg/jam
- Air(F3) = 99% × F1 air
= 0,999 × 1.514,27 kg/jam
= 1.512,72 kg/jam
3
Neraca Massa Chopper
Komponen Masuk (kg/jam) Keluar (kg/jam)
F1 F2 F4
Selulosa 828,39 0,83 827,56
Hemiselulosa 461,41 0,46 460,94
Lignin 491,69 0,49 491,20
Air 1.514,27 1,51 1.512,75
Total 3.295,76 3.295,76
2. Tangki Delignifikasi
Fungsi : Tempat terjadinya proses penghilangan lignin.
F4
Larutan NaOH 1%
F3 F5
Selulosa Selulosa
Hemiselulosa Hemiselulosa
Lignin Lignin
Air Air
Larutan NaOH
Massa masuk
- F3 Selulosa = 827,56 kg/jam
- F3 hemiselulosa = 460,94 kg/jam
- F3 lignin = 491,20 kg/jam
- F3 air = 1.512,75 kg/jam
Total = 3.292,46 kg/jam
4
Penambahan NaOH 1 % untuk menghilangkan lignin, operasi berlangsung selama 1
jam dengan suhu 100 C (Rocha, 2012).
Larutan NaOH yang masuk 2 × F5 TKKS (DANHUM, 2015).
F4 = 2 × F3 TKKS
= 2 × 3.292,46 kg/jam
= 6.584,92 kg/jam
Sehingga laju alir keluarnya
F5 = F3 + F4
= 3.292,46 + 6.584,92 kg/jam
= 9877,38 kg/jam
5
= 460,94 kg/jam
Air
W 3 air
W5 air = F3 ×
F5
0,46
= 3.292,46 ×
9.877,38
= 0,153
F5 air = F5 × W5 air
= 9.877,38 kg/jam × 0,153
= 1.512,75 kg/jam
Larutan NaOH
W 4 LAR . NaOH
W5 LAR.NaOH = F4 ×
F5
1
= 6.584,92 ×
9.877,38
= 0,667
F5 LAR.NaOH = F5 × W5 LAR.NaOH
= 9.877,38 kg/jam × 0,667
= 6.584,92 kg/jam
Selulosa
W5 Selulosa = 1 - (W5 lignin + W5 lar.NaOH + W5 hemi + W5 air)
= 1 - (0.034 + 0,667 + 0,047 + 0,153)
= 0,099
F5 Selulosa = F5 × W5 selulosa
= 9.877,38 kg/jam × 0,099
= 980,52 kg/jam
Neraca Massa Total
KOMPONEN Masuk (kg/jam) Keluar (kg/jam)
F3 F4 F5
Komponen TKKS
Selulosa 827,56
6
Hemiselulosa 460,94
Lignin 491,20
Air 1.512,75
KOMPONEN Masuk (kg/jam) Keluar (kg/jam)
F3 F4 F5
Cairan pengencer
Larutan NaOH 1% 6.584,92
Pulp
Selulosa 980,52
Hemiselulosa 460,94
Air 1.512,75
Larutan NaOH 1% 6.584,92
Lindi hitam
Lignin 338,24
Total 9.877,38 9.877,38