Global Population and Global What is the importance of Global Demography

to an Economy?
Demography
-Demographic change can influence the underlying
Global Population- refers to the entire number of growth rate of the economy, structural productivity
people of all ages, living in all countries throughout growth, living standards, savings rates,
the world. consumption, and investment; it can influence the
long-run unemployment rate and equilibrium
Causes of population growth: interest rate, housing market trends, and the
 Fertility rates. demand for financial assets.
 Increase in longevity. Demographic cycle 5 stages
 International migration.
 Increase in climate change. 1. High stationary
 Decreased food security. 2. Early Expanding
 Impact on biodiversity loss. 3. Late expanding
 Overexploitation of resources. 4. Low stationary
4 types of population 5. Declining

1. Finite Population
2. Infinite Population
3. Existent Population
4. Hypothetical Population

Demography- is the statistical study of human

populations. It examines the size, structure, and
movements of populations over space and time. It
uses methods from history, economics,
anthropology, sociology, and other fields.
Demography is useful for governments and private
businesses as a means of analyzing and predicting
social, cultural, and economic trends related to
population.
3 Variables of Global Demography
1. Mortality - a measure of the frequency of
occurrence of death in a defined population
during a specified interval.
2. Fertility - the number of children born alive
to women of that age during the year as a
proportion of the average annual population
of women of the same age.
3. Migration - a demographic process that
moves people between places.
Demographers - a person who studies changes in
numbers of births, marriages, deaths, etc. in an
area over a period of time.
Global poulation
4 types of population
1. Finite Population- also known as a countable
population, defined as the population of all the
individuals or objects that are finite. ex.
Employees of a company
2. Infinite Population- also known as an
uncountable population in which the counting
of units in the population is not possible. Ex.
Number of germs
3. Existent Population-defined as the population
of concrete individuals, the population whose
unit is available in solid form is known as
existent population. Ex. books
4. Hypothetical Population- whose unit is not
available in solid form ex. outcome of rolling
the dice
The current world population as of today is about
8 billion and counting
Global demography
Censuses- is the basic demographic studies, it was
conducted in the ancient world as far back as 6,000
years ago, demographers as we know them, such
as John Graunt from the United Kingdom, came
about in the 16th century.
1. High stationary- It is characterized by both
high birth and high death rate
2. Early Expanding- it begins with the declining
of death rate while birth rate still remains
high
Late expanding- death rate declines further and
birth rate now begins to fall. Demographic cycle 5
stages
1. High stationary- It is characterized by both
high birth and high death rate
2. Early Expanding- it begins with the declining
of death rate while birth rate still remains
high
3. Late expanding- death rate declines further
and birth rate now begins to fall. However,
as the BR still exceeds the DR, there is an
increase of population
The fall in BR results mostly from access to
contraceptives, women empowerment etc.
India appears to be this stage.
4. Low stationary- This stage is characterized
with low birth rate and low death rate.
Consequently, the population remains
stationary.
5. Declining- Birth rate is now lower than death
rate. Hence the population begins to decline

The earliest statistical studies were concerned

mostly with mortality (how many people died and at
what age). 

Demographers gather data mainly through

government censuses and government registries of
births and deaths. However, these sources can be
inaccurate depending on the precision of
government records. Demographers also gather
data indirectly through surveying smaller groups
within a population. These samples are then
examined using statistical models to draw
conclusions about the whole population.

Importance to study demography- It is important to

understand the structure of a population in order to
plan health and public health interventions;
population structures can be represented as age
pyramids.

Sources of demography: censuses, surveys and

administrative records

Demographic cycle 5 stages