Sequence and Series

Nishant Vora
B.Tech - IIT Patna
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Topics to be Covered…

1. AGP
2. HP
3. Miscellaneous
4. AM
5. GM
6. HM
7. Relation b/w AM, GM, HM
Arithmetic - Geometric
Progression (A.G.P.)
The sum to infinite term of the series

A. 3
[JEE 2009]
B. 4

C. 6

D. 2
If the value of

[JEE M 2021]
is l, then l2 is equal to
The sum of the infinite series

is equal to

A. 9/4 [JEE M 2021]

B. 15/4

C. 13/4

D. 11/4
If then 160 S is equal to

[JEE M 2021]
Miscellaneous
Series
Type 1
Type 1 : Sigma Method

Sequence dealing with

If the sum of the first ten terms of the series

A. 100

B. 99
[JEE 2016]
C. 102

D. 101
If α, β are natural numbers such that
100α - 199β = (100)(100) + (99)(101) + (98)(102) +......+(1)(199), then
the slope of the line passing through (α, β) and origin is:

A. 540

B. 550 [JEE M 2021]

C. 530

D. 510
[JEE M 2020]
Type 2
Type 2 :

Continued Product
S= 1x2 + 2x3 + 3x4 + …… + n(n+1)

Method 1: Sigma Method

Type 2 :

Continued Product
S= 1x2 + 2x3 + 3x4 + …… + n(n+1)

Method 2: Baarish/ Telescopic Series

Type 2 :

Continued Product
S= 1.2.3 + 2.3.4 + 3.4.5 + …… + n(n+1)(n+2)
Type 2 :

Method 3: Shortcut Shortcut

Shortcut-9

S= 1x2 + 2x3 + 3x4 + …… + n(n+1)

S= 1x2x3 + 2x3x4 + 3x4x5 + …… + n(n+1)(n+2)

S= 1x2x3x4 + 2x3x4x5 + …… + n(n+1)(n+2)(n+3)

The sum of 10 terms of the series

[JEE M 2021]
A. 1

B. 120/121

C. 99/100

D. 143/144
A. 101/404 [JEE M 2021]

B. 25/101

C. 101/408

D. 99/400
[NTA Question]
 Type 3
Method of Difference
Type-3 (Using method of difference) :

Find the sum of series .

i. 6 + 13 + 22 + 33 + ……………….. n terms Shortcut
Shortcut-9
The sum of the series 3 + 8 + 16 + 27 + 41 . . . . . . upto 20 terms is
equal to

A. 4230
[NTA Question]
B. 4430

C. 4330

D. 4500
Type 4
Type -4 (Splitting the nth term as a difference of
two) :
Find the sum of n terms of the series and also find S∞.
Find the sum of n terms of the series and also find S∞.

Shortcut
Shortcut-9
Find the sum of n terms of the series and also find S∞.

Shortcut
Shortcut-9
 Harmonic
Progression
Harmonic Progression (H.P.) :
Illustration

If the 3rd, 6th and last term of a H.P are 1/3, 1/5, 3/203,
find the number of terms.
Important Result

If mth term of an H.P is n, and nth term is equal to m then

(m + n)th term is
Shortcut
Shortcut-9
If the roots of the equation 10x3 - cx2 - 54x - 27 = 0 are in harmonic
progression, then the value of c must be equal to

[NTA Question]
Let the positive numbers a, b, c, d be in A.P. The abc, abd,
acd, bcd are

A. Not in A.P./G.P/H.P

B. In A.P.

C. In G.P.

D. In H.P.
Arithmetic Mean
(A.M.)
Arithmetic Mean (A.M.) :
To insert ‘n’ AM’s between a and b :
Sum of ‘n’ AM’s inserted between a and b :
Insert 20 AM’s between 4 and 67.
If n arithmetic means are inserted between 2 and 38, then the sum
of the resulting series is obtained as 200. Then find the value of n.
Geometric Mean
(G.M.)
Geometric Mean (G.M):
The geometric mean of 6 observations was calculated as 13. It was
later observed that one of the observations was recorded as 28
instead of 36. The correct geometric mean is

[NTA Question]
A. (9/7)1/6

B. 3(9/7)1/6

C. 13(9/7)1/6

D. 13(7/9)1/6
To insert ‘n’ GM’s between a and b:
Product of GM’s inserted between a and b:
Insert 4 GM’s between 5 and 160.
If m arithmetic means (A. Ms) and three geometric means (G. Ms)
are inserted between 3 and 243 such that 4th A.M is equal to 2nd G.M.,
then m is equal to

[JEE M 2020]
Harmonic Mean
(H.M.)
Harmonic Mean (H.M):
To insert ‘n’ HM’s between a and b :
Sum of Reciprocals of HM’s
If 9 arithmetic and harmonic means be inserted between 2 and 3,
prove that A + 6/H = 5 where A is any one of the A.M’s and H the
corresponding H.M.
If A1, A2 ; G1, G2 ; and H1, H2 be two A.M’s and G.M’s and H.M’s
between two quantities, then prove that
 Relation between
A.M., G.M. and H.M.
Relation between A.M, G.M. and H.M

If a & b are two positive numbers the A ≥ G ≥ H & A, G, H

are in G.P i.e G2 = AH
If a + b + c = 3 and a, b, c are positive then prove that
The minimum of where α, x ∈ R and α > 0, is

equal to:

A. a + 1/a

B. α+1 [JEE M 2021]

C. 2a

D. 2√α
Let f : R ⟶ R be such that for all x ∈ R (2x+1 + 21-x), f(x) and
(3x + 3-x) are in A.P., then the minimum value of f(x) is:

A. 4

B. 2 [JEE M 2020]
C. 3

D. 4
If the arithmetic mean and geometric mean of the pth and qth terms
of the sequence -16, 8, -4, 2, . . . . . . satisfy the equation
4x2 - 9x + 5 = 0, then p + q is equal to

[JEE M 2021]
The harmonic mean of two positive numbers a and b is 4, their
arithmetic mean is A and the geometric mean is G. If 2A + G2 = 27,
a + b = α and |a - b| = β, then the value of α/β is equal to

[NTA Question]
A. 1

B. 3

C. 5/2

D. 5
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