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Performance Simulation of Turboprop Engine for Basic Trainer

Article  in  Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology · June 2002

DOI: 10.1007/BF02939343

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 KSMIi; le~ter#,afioe~aLJournal, VO~ 16 ~Vo ~{. pp. 839~ 2002 839

PerIbrmance Simulation of a Turboprop

Engine fior Basic Trainer
Changduk Kong*
Depa~Zmenl rJ" Aerospace Enghwerhzg, Chosten Unive~'siO; K~'ang/u 5 0 I 759, Korea
Jayoung Ki
Depargmet, t q f Aero:v~ace Er,gb~eerittg Choszen Un~versiO; Kwa*z~/u 30t 759, Korea
Sukehoo Chueg
School of Mecha~fic~[ Design a~M A u~omaKon Engi~eeHng,
Seoug NationaI U~iversi(v o/ 7)~ctt~otQCv, S e o u l 7.79- 74.3, Korea

>~ ~er~orma~ce s i m u l a t i o n p r o g r a m t b r t h e t u r b o p r o p errgh~e PT6A-62 w h i c h ~s m e ~" ~wer

prom o f {~-~e irs~ Korear~ i n d i g e n o u s basic t r a m e v K T I_ ,,,~,., r lot oerforma~ce
p r e d i c f i o m d e v e l o p m e n t o~ an EHMS (Engine Heahh Mom{or~f?g S s s m m amx m e ll~gh~
s / m u h t { o l . C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s or c o m p o n e n t s i a c [ u d m ~ compress~ors. [urt'm~eso p o w e r m r m n e s am~
~he col~sla[l[ s p e e d p r o p e l l e r were r e q m r e d mr m e s t e a d y s~a~c a n d ~ranslem oeMormance
a m I?~is with o n a~m o f f des~g~ p o m ~ anal}s~s. In m o s t case~, these were s u b s t i t u t e d liar what
scale~ l ? o m s i m i l a r e n g i n e c o m p o n e m s c~mrac~eHsucs with {he s c a l i n g law. T h e aeve~oped
~rogram was evaluated with the p e r f o r m a n c e d a t a p r o v i d e d by tile e n g m e mamm:~c~urer a ~ d
wm~ anaiy~,s r e s u l t s o~ G A S T U R B p~ogram, which i, well ~nown ro~ the p e r t b r m a ~ c e
sm]mat~o~l o f g a s ~u r b m e s . P e r l o r m a n c e oarame~ers s u c h as m a s s flow ram. corn p r e s s o r p r e s s u r e
rauo fuel t l o w r m e . soecific furl c o n s u m p u o n and ~ u r b m e /l?le~ l e m p e ~ a m r e were 3 i s c u s s e d ,~
c v a | u a r e ~alidil } o t the d e v e l o p e d p r o g r a m a~ v a r i o u s c a s e s T h e first case w a s the ,e~ , eve] ~a~r
s t a n o a r d c o n d i / i o n a n d o t h e r c a s e s w e r e c o n s i d e r e d w i t h v a r i o u s a l t i l m [ e s {li~rht ve~oc~I~e> a n o
par1 l o a d s wm~ m e rang~, b e t w e e n idle a n d | 0 5 7 ~otat~ona/ spee~r o f t h e ga~ g e n e r a t o r ~ u~e
u a n s i e m anal~s~s, lhe ( o m m u l b o f M a s s F l o w Meflrod was uHhTed unde~ the corlditio{~ ~l~a~
m a s s s t o r e d ~>e~weeI~ t o m . o r i e l s Is ~g~oreo a n d ~he t l o w c o m p a ~ b i t l t y ~ satisfied and the
M o d i f i e d h a l e r M e t h o d w a s u s e o l o t m~egrat~ou o i the s u r p l u s ~orque. f h e u ' a n s ~ e m p e r f b r m
ante a*~a/y,<~ f o r v a r i o u s fuel s c h e d u l e s was p e r l b r m e d Whe~ t h e fuel s~ep i n c r e a s e was
cm}~/dered the o v e r s h o o [ o f f i c e t u r b i n e in{e~ t e m p e r a t u r e o c c / l r r c l ] / I o w e v e r in c a s e ,,, sa~,m
mc~ease o f the fuel l o n g e r tl~ar~ s~eo m c r e a s c o f the fuel. tire o v e r s h o o t o~ | h e t u r b i r } ( m~et
m m I~eramrc w a s effectively r e d u c e d .

Key Words: Perflarmance A n ~ l w , ~ . lurboprop Kr~pmc. C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s

Nomenela{ure ........................................................................................................................... ~-N Thrust of nozie

A Area G 2. GASTURB program
67~, Specific h e a t at c o n s t a n t p r e s s u r e dH E m h a I p y o f reaction
D J >. i Developed program t M o m e n t o f iaer~ia
Au~ho,., M.,'), P i o v i d e d d a i s by M a n u t h c t u r e r
E~maH: Cdg0rlg @maii.d~osun. ~c k r ./~g.i\i~ F E g h t M u c h N u m b e r
TEL: + 8 ~ - 6 2 2';0 7 i88; F A X : i 4 8 2 62 230-7188 y/)~ : M a s s flow rate
Dep ~i:mc.n~ of Aerospace Engineefh~g; Chosun [!rfiver- ~e~
sity#375 Seosuk done Kwang}u 501 759~ Republic of : Air mass flow rate
K o r e a (Ma~mscrpt Reeelfed Septembm 22, 2001: ~'~gf F u e l flow rate
Revised March 9, ~ ~oo~} ~ N Rota*i0nai speed

Copyright (C) 2003 NuriMedia Co., ktd.

 840 C/mngduk Kong, Jayou~g K~ and Sukchoo Chu~g

/x{s [ R o t a t i o n a l s p e e d o~ g a s g e n e r a r , , ~ conserwmon eqm, mons ; a n d e n g i n e g e o m e t r y wi{I

[{~ Fora[ D r e . s u r e p r o v i d e a b e t t e r ~ i m ~ l l a t i o n t h a n ~hose u s i n g c o r n -
~{l? Pressure ra~o poI/em representation and Imear~zed aynaimcs
}g[;>( ~pec'~f~c thel c o n s m r p ~ o n 5eldner~ el a L ~972
~H~ Sha/~ H o r s e P o w e r hs o~Mer ~o ~,ptim~ze t h e Lhrus~ r e s p o n s e ra~e
7"IT lurbme Inlet gemperamn. m ~ ,dnele spool turboje~ Saravanamtmoo ;m~
7; /'o~a/ tempe~ a m r e Mas~saac(|973 used a hybrid compme~ The
a I s e m r~,pic e f f i c i e n c y digital compmer w a s b e t t e r a m~ e d ~o s~ore a ri d
access u a [ a sued as c o m p r e s s o r :tm~ t u r o / n e c~la/
Nt~b,~erip~ s a c / e H s ~ c s w h i l e {~m a n a l ( g c o m p m e r calCUlated
( 2 (/ompressor lhe m~eeraIion of net lorque s i l o n u m e r o u s rnBl
('T " ~ ompressor Turbme u o i / c a l m n a n d d i v i ! i o n s l b r t h e re p r e s e m a u o n ol
C.} ; (entNfugal torte mermocynam~c variables Saravanarmmoo am~
l). Desbm pont values of scaled compo~mm M a d e iac_ / 9 7 3
#] ~ Armlrar 3 ma~ values P o t s ~ r n u [ a t m g u~e s t e a d y s~a~e a n d d~ n m m c
M.D. : | ) e s ~ g n p o m ~ m a p v a l u e s ,~ o r i g i n a l per~{~rmai, ce o t r u t h { g e l and ~urbot?,m e n g i n e s
componems , eeneratized chg~ta/ c o m p u t e r progcam called
] Air DYNGEN w a s d e v e l o p e d b3 S e l l e r a n d D a n i e k :
,. Combustion ga,, 1975 A modified t'u/er metnod to s o l v e ~he
m : Me( h a m c a / dffl'hren~ial e a a a ~ o n s w h i c h m o d e l t h e ~ ~n a m ~ c s
. ~ . ' ~ , l n p r e s s o r m let o~ u~e e n g m e , was use~ Seller arm Daniele.
" ('mnpressor exH }97~
" . v ~,mpressor mrbme inlet Palmer and Yan (1985 d e v e l o p e d a ge ne ~ a -
a } Pow r mrbme mid ize,~ modular di~ta~ comrmler code called
> P o w e r t m % i n e e~dt F~}RBOTRANS ~br ~he s t e a d y sta~e a n d t r a n s ~ e m
performance simum~on of a r b i t r a r y ~as t u r b m e
1. i n t r o d u c t i o n entrees with ~rb~tra~, c o n t r o l s } s m m s , the con~
ir~ s~s~em o f a g i v e n e n g i n e m i g h t e u n s i M o f u F)
A performance ~mm/alion program l,',~ t h e ~o 4 c o n t r o l u n i t s e g, m a n fue l a ~ e r b t ~ r n e r me~
PFdA. 62 t u r b o p r o p e n g m e , w n ch is the powe~ and both bypass and man nozz,c area comrol
p r o m o~ m e ffrs~ d e v e | o p e d r a m r a r y b a s i c ~ r a m e i :mus P a h n e r a n d Yah_ I 9 8 5
KT | m R e p u b l i c o f K o r e a . h a s b e e n r~-, t a r e d ~br FURBO('A[ ~ ~ d~g~tal c o m p u l e r p r o g r a m t h a t
moie m'ecise performance nredidion a~M d e v e l - ~mulates the on design offdesign and ~rans~em
,,proem o* t h e bIIMS and d~e f l i g h t s i n m / a ~ o r performance o~ a l b i t r a r y g a s t u r b i n e confibmra..
Howevei Because mos' ~/er{k)rl~?gti/ce anaL-,~ l i o n w a s d e v e l o p e d b y D o u g ins ~/ 986}. T h i s nro..
p~ograms of engme manuihc[urers ~e proprie- ,,ram p e r l l o r m e d a l s o r i g - ~ e s t a n a l } ~s o~ ~hree
tary. ~he> are ua~a/h m~ provided , d~eir e~gmes h~ o r d e r t o o b t a i n n a m s r / ~ s o m g l o n :}g
cus~omds Therelbre mos~ aircraft developers ~he d y n u m ~ c e q u a ~ o n ~ ; h ~ ~ t h e i r a r~len~ oert'orrll
need ~heu ow~ analw,~ ~ools for d e { a i l e d per- ance shrm|atious t he m o d i f i e d H n l e r m e t h o d , ~
wrvmnce anal}.,. ,~,ld d e v e l o p m e n ~ of e ~ m m - /lSe~d DO~2~aS~ I~#g6
merits rdaled ~o t h e enzyme Fhe tk>llowing li~era- ~;chobe/r~ d aI I994 d e v e l o p e d a m o d ~ {arb
rare reviews ~he h i s i o r w a ~ background of gas ~tractured ~urmia*~on code called , }KTRAN
u r b i n e s i m ~ l a l ~ ~wL whkh was . ~ p a b t e o f s u ~ u / a t m ~ the non-linear
q non-hnear analog simulation of a /g5--/3 d~ n a m ~ c b d ~ a v ~ o r ol s ' m g l e a n d m u l l i s p o o l c ore
mrbojd u n f r e e w a s d e v e l o p e d Dy S d d n e r . e, ak c u b nes mrnoian engines, and po,ver generauon
1972 T h e ~u<~}, m d i c a * e d ~hat mathematics s turbine engmes Schobe~r et a / ~*#94
r e p ~ e s e m a H o n u s i n g t h e d} n a m i c s i n h e r e m i n ~he ~ v c e m i d 1990"s...~ p r o g r a m o f ( i t ) ~ (~raohica~

C0pyright (C) 2003 NuriMedia C0., Ltd.

 Pe(/br,?aance Sim~,,M~Mn q/'a 7"~d~OprOp Engine jbr Basic g~ainer 841

[set Interface method has bee~ increasing. Using

S1MULINK me d3/namicnon-linear model of a 2. On-Design Perfnrmanee A~,alysis
s~: g / e - sha[~ m d u s t r ial gas t u r b i n e w a s devek~ ped
b> g e ~ t o c c h L el a[ 1996 I h e m o d e l c o n s i s t e d o~ F h e P T 6 A - - 6 2 Free t u r b i n e t u r b o D r o ~ e n g i n e ,s
modular slrucmre represemmg individual engine sce/ectcd ~or e e r t o r m a n c e a n a l y s i s i n m~s Mud>
c o m m o n e m a n d w a s c a r r i e d o u t in s i m p | i f i e d l b r m Fhe s ~ a t i on n u m b e r and layom }br a n a D , , , ~s
BeHocchio et M, 1996), A l s o . l o w e r c a s e a 6 5 M W
nea, y-au~y gas turbine ~[ant model .va, des- ,u q l e de s {gn o o m t p e r ~ b r m a n c ~ ana[>s~s ue{I
crH)eo using S ~ M U L I N K by ( ' r o s a . el al 199g ~m~wn thermodynamic r e l a t i o n h i p s w e r e k~ser
{ r~s~ el a k 199g). ~o c a l c u t a l e i n d i v i d u a l c o m p o n e n F s c~arac~er~s.
( J A S T t I R B p r o g r a m o f (} U1 m e ~ h o d d e v e | o Ded ucs to mee~ t h e performar~cr provided By tf~c
b> K u r z k e ( 1 9 9 5 ts u p o a t e o ,~> v e r s i o n 5.u H~ engine manul~c'turer.
1900 am~ u ~s w i d e l y u s e d as w e l l - - k n o w n pro~. ']able I presems the peNbrmance d a t a ~ahich
g'am. GASTURB s i m u ~ a t e s m o s t o f ~he v o m m o n were prov{ded ~y {he e n g i n e m a n m a c m r e r ~a e,
e n g i n e ~ypes: n v x e d a n d u n m ~ x e u turbo{M-., w~lh remrence,
or w~thou~ boosters ~ u r b o s h a {s w { l h or wahou~ P ' i rs dy, ~he c o m p r e s s o r eH:lc~enc~ was deier
ne.a~ e x c h a ~ g e r s , and one shaft and ~wo s h a i t m i n e d u s i n g {he c o m p r e s s o r r~rcssure r a ~ o a n ~ ~he
turboprop e~gme. Mso~ GASTURB simulate- exH t o t a l f e m p e r a ~ u r e , a n d therl f u e l t ] o w r a t e w a s
aIm~burner and convergent/d~vergem m zz~es m calcula~e~ from S.}:.( ~ecmr tael consum[,~
fie ~ur~)Q~e~ ~nd mixed flo~ [urbo~im theme io~ and SHP shah norseDowe~ 1"he fue~
~Hnu~a~/o~ Kurzke ~995 t l o w ra~e w a s usc{~ m c a l c u l a t e t u n t a r t a n { /met
['he d e v e l o p e d p r o g r a m ~e~r s~eady sm~e a n d
~rar~s~em p e r f o r m a r ~ c e a n a l y q s m this swdy was ~ralb|e | PerFo~mailee data provlded by e n g i n e MaI~
c o m p a r e d will? t h e p e r f o r m a n c e d a t a o r o v i d e d oy
Q'~e e n g i n e m a n u / a c t u r e r and ~he :ma~ysi~ r e s u l t
Da~a b
Var~abk
~? G A S F U R B program to e v a l u a t e w h e d ~ e r fl~e Man ~c~ure~
developed orogram ~, a c c e p t a b l e o r s o l
.Am~oq~m~r~( "ondi~ion
[Ira p e r l b r m a n c e a n a lys~s w a s s e p a r a t e l y carr~- Standard ('<mdim ~
c-u m a t ~hc d e s i g u p o m L o f f d e s i g ~ p o m p s in Mag }qow Ra~e ~g~ - 3,670
s t e a d } sga~e a n d t r a n s i e m c o ~ d i t i o n s . E f f i c i e n c ~ e s
Compressor Pressure Raec, g.25
of individual componems a n d l:ne m | e t ~cmpera-
('omnressor gxu ~ em r ~eraure K 592.4
r a r e o~ ~urbille w e r e s e l e c t e d ~ comparing with
Sha{~ Horse P.~e~ ~hr~ 950
engine m a n u { a c m r e r ' s perQIrmance daLt
S.P( ,~: k v ' h ........
l h e s t e a d : s~a~e o u design polm analyqs were
p e r l o r m e d wi~h a l t i t u d e v a r i a t i o n b e t w e e n sea Nozzle [hr( a ~*e ~...2 X}580{

l e v e l a n d ]/}6D&FP h e i g h t , l ] i g h ~ v e l o c i t i e s b e t w e e n Ga Generah "" Rotational qpeed

3fi20(
r~ N 0,0 llight roach numr~er=-0,0 a n d M, N 100% RPM

OA a n 1 p a r { u d l o a d be|weer~ 6 5 % R P M a n d / 0 5 ~ ) Pronelter Rotadomd S~eed { [0@

RPM 2OO0
RPM
[~ t h e ~ r a n s m m p e r t o r m a ~ t c e aria } >~s {lie s~ep
mcr~:,:,~: oF Fue~ supp[y~ ~ lich ~s r l e e d e d ~o
i n c r e a s e Q~e r o i a t i o n a I spee(~ f r o m i d l e t o ~oo >
RPM was uo,sidered, rFhe o v e r s h o o t of the mr
~in, m~et ~emperamre a, us compared wiH~
e x p e r m ~ c n t a ~ da~a p r o v i d e d ~y ~he e u g m e m a n u .
Pae~u[er. [r a(laulo~o transient behavior,, wege
m M v z c u ~u v a r i o u s s i m u l a t e d Fuel s c h e d u l e s F~ | SLU]OII No. a n d H ~ O U I ('*$ ~I~e sHu emH1e

Copyright (C) 2003 NuriMedia Co., Ltd.

 842 Ceka,,~gd~k Kong ,llLro~ g Ki ~4nd S~d,;<koo C/i ~ g

ICIT/F~eFa[tlFe [Fie i U l ~ U l l f ~ t~:OrK ~J~ {~]e pOWeF malvzeu ~y ( J A S T { J R B ~u t n a { l h e desk~{n po~

un'nme b~let [emperalure ~1 f h e design pomL / m~ w~ de~ermined n [hm ca<,e me eff~,endes
tl~c el]]cietIc~ ;[Md {lie oresstMe Io~ ~ [hi Use c o m c m s [ o r the comoresso~ [urblne and
coiIshas{o[ ~1~} De a s s u m e d trom u~e d a l a -. ~}le p o w e r i~rhme and ~he m e c h a n i c a l e[Ikcicmc~
Sll]//la[ c|]~ll]e. I[]c Ill' )//It~ il]lel pl'e~suFe CHI []o a~ lh( M~s g e n e r a ~ o g ~o~o~ shaf~ and pro0eUer
caJoula/ed Moreover the cxh premalre ol d~e rotor ~mm were ~ssumed ~o 0.97 0_92_ {L91
com.)tosser mrDme c:an b~ c:dculalzd IFOIT] Hse 0.94 an ~ 0 . S 9 2 . res~ectively~ and ~l~e c o m b u q o r
tx)mprcs~tw H/rbu]e lempelaltlre [allc anti [lie o{exsmc ~o~,~ w a s a s M H l l e d { o /~.,.
turbine mlel )ressure Slnce lh< nozzl[ o~ the

PTeA 02 engine 0. n(n choked a~ ne u e s Z ,~ 3o Steas S l a t e Performance A~alysis

prom Ute n o z z l e exll pressure mus~ be m e sam(
eJ~ I I / ] l t ) ~ pllerlc })I'CSSkH'C ~{|]d {heFelt)l'e lhe I]07/1@ In {he S{eao~ ~,uut pel-~ormar/<'~ a~al~s~s [OF
e x H ~ e m > e r a ~ u r e c a n n e c a I c t [ l a / e d f i ' o m the, 11ozi~e of'l d e . s ~ r ooh~< lhe Followin~ ~ u m p u a r ~ arl~
L{iroal a r e a ~maU, me ~ ~we [{/~rbm< p ~ e ~ s m - e ctltla{/ol/$ tt.etc c o f l s x l e r c d :
r~[ ,, if]el llle p o w e r {tH'ollle eXll }era }eraltlre I o ~m: all'liner oa~q, o d through {he lola~.. 11~(
sauslv tnc r e q u i r e d sna~/ horsepower c~m b e d e co/npres~4or_ U~e compre~<;sor nn%me and U/e
te~mmed Where ,semrop~c efficiencies o~ ll~e [}owe/ [{ll 9 II]{Isl )e C o / l ; l a l } k ]~helO/of( IFI{

compressor ~urmne tnd lne power lutbine and {')llO0. H],<. t l o w col}/[)a{lb}l/ly ~_.~tuallof]s c;ir D~t
mechamca/ efliciencies o~ ro~or ~hMI bearings _p meu h~ t h i~ { y p u o{ l h e e n e b ~ e ~ u c h a Cohen

includm~ ~ windage #ossex were d~,sume{l ffon

exnerm?ema~ data of a similar engme.
Fhe desigll DO/lit )eflorlllallHe alla/y ~ It:-
SUbS. b~ both the developeu pro!,rnm md me
.,~ q m ,r
tiASTI}RB are ahown 7n Fabb 2 //:L~
R
2)
A~ ~hown
:~er~orn~ancc' a a ~ a
m [able
T'abk
2_ else r e s u l t s
orovided
.., i q i e d
by lhe en-
lhe
f~ /7Z

k~llc l r l a B l ~ l a c l u r e r all{l c o r r e s m ) n d e d ~o u~< estms

F}]~ ~('71rk dO/%? uv tJSe c o m l w e x M ' J / Hid Hllt
Nm'P'~lC c o m l e d . e d ~ith lhe xame shaP mus bc
Fable 2 ell de*~I~ ier/ormance dala ~ne ~amc Fhsre~ore work compat~bd~y )/ Use
F~ P }HOI s a , ~ ~.enura~o~ ars presented ~ n~ IJowm~
Oevd0ped (it DP %j{is
(~ASTURB

[lie ~er}oFll] k~Ht'e tn ID{ eacF H e m pOFtC~/~

~<,,/p, e ~4 X2N
~dh'~v~ ~ne ca~ed "~e~unm~mce chatacl~er~{[c
~,,, p ~ t~4 3.{g24 '"

v/4~ %7 43

,,~ ~K 269 '~{} 09.5

p lfWl~ I~n f i l i a l lie Fhe sca}in~ equations used m ~hm s { n d y 4rc as

F {2(},6]{ 717 ~f i~ ~'ul I~Ho~t SeUer and lL)amel~ 1975)

9 H ~# "
tN k~ }X,109 0%03 0.I ~?

.,, K{.CK w ~fl {I tfG)~7 2vJ. v, )(J52

?/' ~; o

Copyright (C) 2003 NuriMedia Co., Ltd.

 P~,rfor:na:~c: .Vim~/atio:~ of a 7%:,~h:>~':e:>pEnM:~e /br B a s k D~::: ~,: 5{4;{

Yhe closer scam~ g |actors />A~. - - l ] P/:M.: [I(H]

,, ~'h4:, ," I,~71,~ : . an~ ~E 771~x, / E : E 4 . : > . ~{~ c a s e o f l ~ ' ~ l s t a H condition I h e m~e~ p r e s s m e
I~,~ bleed air take off and the ~ower {ake*ol~
~uasonable. <onverseJy. no~ {~emg close ~o 1.0 can be ~gnored. N o ~ ~m~y flitghl c o a d m o n n ~uch
~ ,ca no~ ~?ecessar~ly mere Iha~ d~e q m ~ d a ~ i o n a s d ~ e f l J g h ) s . } e e d al:~d t h e a l t i t u d e bnt ais( par/
maN[ be poor since mat~y ma ,. t~ave been load corl{l/tlofls were terra,tiered ,,, d~/s a n a t v - . .
{ypicaUy scaled ~ih a ~tm~e l a r g e r a n a e . In mm In mm ~udy me maxm-mm [a~,e o[:f c o r x d { h { m
qudy, because scaung factors were 0.79q ~ /.2. which a y e the d e s i g n pom~ am~ ~h< o f f - d e s i g n
t could b e c < m s i d e ~ e d t h a t ~he s c a l i n g c o m p o n e m poim condil~ons w~th various d~n[ldc~ Hem
cn,,rac~erlsucs m~gm be xalid l!rou~d 1{', }{}66~T/ arid various ~Ht~m \C~OC/[/CS

ghc ,~erlhrmance cnarac~erm~cs af the corn.- from M N ~ ,o M.N. 0.4 were anaw/.e{L The
presser, turbine_ power lurbme and propeller call load penormancc ana~y~ vm the ran,~"
~a,e r e SDOWFI as |::i~z~ { belween Ag'~ RPM. ~ne ~d/c ,-+,+a~+omu sr~eed
~zure 4 sHo~#s m e ~]o~ c)mr{ ~}i m{ stead,. >f ~he e n ~ m e ro~or, ami /0q ~ RPM me ma-,
qa~e program which sa{~s~ms m e above could> mum re,athena/ >peed of the e~}~mc oto~ ~,erc
tioBs, in tb/s stud-, the steady state performance maI}zed .s well
ana~v~x carried om "~nn an .reinstall con(h

. . . . -2 ~ ~

( ) <0mpresso~ chm{0teristic (b) (:m~presS0r ~m'b ne dl~i~C~edsdc

(C Po~er t~l bb~e .'barar (d} PropeUer

Fig, 3 (ompmct~ ch)r~cte[is/iCS

Copyright (C) 2003 NuriMedia Co., Ltd.

 8i4 Chae~gd~k Ko*~g, &~)o~e+g K a~ g 5+~kchoo <Th+e*g

|}~b|~+ A {]if ~r DC{'H + ' m a n c e H u{ke oH comH

]
<~ + MI]
+ , } ]
,~S [Ul(}{
..... N
Gg':~

k H ~.2S( -, ,~ 2 ? 0

~9s

....... i ....... -I
k J)(}2

?~K s
_,__+~_+_++ ] .................
~HR HP

................. i
Vu~abb ~ ~ ~AV

0S70

<~
TN::<I -
C ~ ~ 8W 12> i
~N ",,}4
{ 74f

~+ig 4 }~ow chaU O~ s|ead+~ }+tHe m a R ' b u s ! . . . . . m+ M{p - , - ' , ,+,-, ~32P4+

<~ M a x i m m ~ take ~ f f per[e~mal~ee

4~H{
~'hC HI;~\H'I~tH)" l~lKe~ DeJJ~.}F~+HHtCC ++ . _H'+,

- ~II H}il}~ ~aS HI{t :,+ ICVC] Sta~IGaI-{l HH +++~+ ~4+~P 6 .:+ 99 4 6 4 6 ~?fl

pher{c ~mu ,~a+ ~ condh+o~ [he ~ ,sin H'~<

{{@~ +.:~+DO, I Dg 9 WaN CoK~}}ale+/ \% H b n a~{

PR ltL02
7 6 +{
[;r 13eYlOr~]] ill]CO r ~HI(1 |he a+];~ I~ ~+'

~'e~n+t b, (IAS~ ~+roa~am ]he +,m m r e o

R ' S U H ~S < h o w ~ l ~R " ~ b }

[be [es{HIs con]par{'~i ~{Hh +h~ F{:Z[~[~ ~ +he

AX~
{~ }he maxH~lum } a ~ ~t3 r WH~IH~ ~ q 3S}

[ns162 I f C O I ' B D O l l C F [ [ + ~ d [ "+~ ~n{~ [ h e ;.:~|l]O~/{hl'[] +'+

HtN:idy ,"}[~HC t%@E~OF~)aHCC H~ll -+- WCFC F@}iS(H] + ra~m ~a[~gc K} ,~,:+ < a m x c d H lh(
hb

the uomponem map~ shou|d be cor+'ccted : d}e

3.2 &]~|~de perferma~ce h L ~ H d a ~ ~{ CO~/OHH~+C

Copyright (C) 2003 NuriMedia C0., Ltd.

 Peu%rma~ee Sienu@tiO*~ O/'a >Dzd~opr~u E*agb e {br Baw@ I}'a[e~er ~ ~:~

and t009t; r o t a t i o , l a / s p e e d o f ~he gas gm~erator

it was c o m p a r e d with t{he perR~:ma~ee data
p r o v i d e d by fhe e*~gir~e m a m f f a c t a r e r a n d vd~h
GASTURB ana}ysis results. T a b l e 4 ~md F % 5
show d~e ~x:suh o f c o m p a r i s o n ;be~wee~ d ~ e m
Fi~e airflow rate a n d fl~e X~el f l o w ra~e were
c o m p a r e d w i t h ~he p e r f b r m a a c e d m a p r o v i d e d b y
~he e e g m e m a r m f a c m r e r a~:~d w i t h G A S T U R B
a m @ s i s results. F h e ~bfmer si~owed t h e m ~ximum
range of rror w i t h i ~ 89~. fl~e later was i o w e n
a) Mass 1low vs. A~titade From these r e s u l t s it w a s verified d~at h e
d e v e l o p e d p r o g r a m is usetid a n d s algoriflm'~ o f
s t e a d y s t a t e perfb~mmace analysis w a s prope~.

3.3 P a r t lead p e r f o r m a n c e
~he p a n ~,a~ ~e~t~rmar~ce a n u l ~ - ~:~. ~cme
w~d~ ~he / o R P M interval be~ ~ee~ 6 idle and
IOqY, m a x i m m ~ ' ~ R P M of .,,~ eenera~or a~ m e sea
leve~ s~a~ic ;~andard c(mdilh>rl I ~?e ;~m~ ~.~,~
res~H~s c o m p a r e d wid'~ G A S T U R B are s h o w n m
TaHe ~ a m i ~:. ,~

b } ('>mpressor pressme r~ti0 v s A h l m d e

~'able 5
de'ce{opc~.~ p~og~m a5 ~o~a/<m;u 5 rv, f

,RPM Variable
a~ kg~ s 7{}2 / .6772 a
PR

'thr~ 147 ~S/~ (4gg ~ ~ vm

4 H49 a ~gX~ ~

c) kue} flow rme vs. Altilude ~,e ~}g/s

... 7 {~.:
2.04
PR S 6N q274 ~ ,,,~a~

gs ,r

2"~ ~, 7' '} ~ 2 6 !,}. I b )

65%

SHP,~ 7{5,qs 7 e. 9 , : . 0 . . . . . ~#'

0 ~52A ~8a,8 #~72 8g~9~ 78s 9~,r l~g
~ , g s: t 3.965 '~ X935 '"
[ O*?~Q O 2~(1r ,* ?A~I
(d) SHP vs. A h i m d e ~,-~t,~ , ,-c t . . . . ;~
Fig, 5 Rcsu{{s of steady s~ate per{\}rmancc ar~algs~s ~ kg o og~,a ooq~,
w~fl~ al'dtude variado~ SHP %: 12tS{}4 1205 g<)

Copyright (C) 2003 NuriMedia Co., Ltd.

 84(i Che~}}ede~A / v o ~ ga o~**~s Ki emd 5gikchoo Chne~

[ he esuh showed l h a ~ ti~c d e v d o p c d orogram

r
was p~or)er [(}i" t h e D~F[ [o~,~d D e r l o r m a l l c e ana|~ ,{,

aS {he ~ D a X ~ / ~ l t i F B Fa17g~: }~ e * ~ ' o v~d~lH ,~

ir
J

Z5 3~ Effect of figh~ t'deci~y

1.5 '~anaEmn ~ til[~.n[ Math N< m e p e ~ ' [ o r m a n c e ~a,~

a n a ] y :ed w ~ l ~ m c a|dmde range flom grmm~ ,,

0,5 iu.obsm which is ~ne ~,peraIing ranm' of KT ~
and v\.m~ ~{L~oh~ M a t h m~mber n'om " e r o t o {L4 ,

t Mass flow w RPM [(RY rotational speed otthc gas genen~or~ /i was
compared w~d~ ( } A S [ ' ~ IR B a n a J . s~s ~ e s u / ~ s able
ai/tl Pl <m~ ~ne rcsUil e~t r
) e t ~ ecru ~ e m
f
,%tier ca~~ v rag, o m ~nc s t e a d y ~tatc ~'~eH~agmancc
mab s,s. me analysis resu{is ~ere comoared wilh
J -}AgT[JRBa~3ai}s~s n ~a~>~ ~,~ a r e s i n ~ne~4ns
J
J e[ro~ can about |>~ at ~ h e deslg~ qom{ bm
~itC/gaNLt~l kid [~ ~ | 5 o ;:lWaV [FOII?~ {{]@ tidSl~g ~1

J
t omDressol mcss~rc ~atiO vs~ R P N ~

K~ m

,,r;j:E~~

mq f l o w ra~e w~ R P M

J
r

t}2 33 ~A

F g ~ t%)

a SI'~P v s . R P M ~- S][[:' w Math ram1 te~

b'{~. e Fttsu~{s :d" slead.~ s~ale p m ~ o r m a n c c ~,....:.,~

~vH ~" a a s g e n e r a / o r rotaluma~ p e e d va~u~tlo~

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 PeU%rme&'~ee S#m~&UO#'~ q/~';, 7 } ~ r b o p r @ Engine ~fi>*' Ba,s:iC 7>a#~e~ "

|able 6 s of @e G,XSN.JRB and developed p~0gram a i t k u d e a n d f i i ~ h t M a c b N o . v r i a or/

Aittude V a r i a b I e }........................................
M,N=0,0
~........................................................................................
l M.N,+:~(}~2
...................................................................;..........
I MN =:04
l "
(m : G.F+ } DP % ~Hor[ (LT~ { D<P, '5]:; g;rorr{ ...........................................
<aT :::.............................
DP .........................................
% gl<o~7
nh~ 3 696 3;696
.................................r............. {
0 SHP 9~0 0 949.4

ni~ } [+398 1,423 i82 1,429 i 45 A69

poim~ The reason is a s t b l l o w s Knrzke. 1999}: charac~erisdcs o f ~he eng%~e ~ h o m o b~ c o r r e c ~ h

-h ~.c developed program /he pcribrmance ~mm|ated or undcm~c~ when -m~o~m~s ~he
maps o~ HIe c o m p r e s s o r . [he c o m p r e s s o r ~tirbme r e / i a b{ I i <y o f l h e c n f n l t e o m m t z K a n ~ m m - -per:s~ i o n
,a~ ~t~e powes [urbme ~trc used hm rs oJ a n e n ~ m c
~,/~SI[/RB the compsessol turbine 11o~ ra~e |'he {'M} Cormlant Mass b,/a,,~ mell~od md
e H ~ c m [ cv a~d ~ ran age: ]xed md me ihe H'V I[Her-comp{Hlens ~'oHlm~ rseH~o~/ l~e
compressor [[IYbH]e l]]a[) iS D O [ u s e d [srln-~ars/* {lsed n uynam/c simtllaHons sn ule
9 The cons~am pressure >0cO,tic hea~ and the i(V method. ~ork and How msHTlascll am NK
SpOt?lilt ~TCH[ [ ~ l l l t ~ ~:lSt! //Xe(1 a / eacJ~ }*Sill s e t ' s l o l ] Kans~em oDe~a~Jo~l e l a n e n g i n e i8 a s s u m e ~ Fhe
componem m lhe deve/o~ed program om |low mismalch ,a .~-ed ~o c a l c u s a ~ ~h< r a ~ ~f
ca/c[~hued ,:,,, ~ h e ~unc[Hm o{ {en]neranJre m cnans o~ o r e s s u r e a~ u*e v a r i o u s s~arsons m @e
t~AS'F| RB eng~ssc, by U{km~_~ a value ~o~ s m g r v o m t ~ o n e m
volumes aim a~ying {he g a s ,,,:-, /~,~} he
4. I'ransient S t a t e P e r f e r m a a e e ~t)rl< I/]/sfllulch b H~/hled / { } CS{H'lla[e H l e a~,~-

Analysis non of ro*afiona/ < p e c a b~ c a / c u l a f i u s lhe d~fler-

ence belv~een c9 arH1 surmm w{~r~
W/~en fi~el i n p u t ~s r a p m / } ,ncreased ~ ~c~ {ltl/IH}S {l'a[]sle~l tJpeggllS@S] r~{" as] eP}tsIle ~SitiiS
creas;etk ~ enLune 1 n ,rig SF~I1}sseI~[ s l a [ e . I n t h e

Kanmen[ ,~sale+ @ e p o w e r ommtl e l ~he i~,~or s h a l l /he ('M| rnclhod_ ihe ma~,s s u ~ r e o be~w'ee~
< smpassed or insulliciem [heremb~ ~1 w o u l d c o m p o F l e l ] l s o [ ~n ct~gille /S l g g O r e d al'h{ Hqe c{~n-
no~ be smiabb R)t ~he reqmred ~ork balance mmH~ el" m a s s tidy, s~; u s e d 1o / n b u l a { 2 ~ ~,c -
~eiweell H~e co~qIplessol ana [tlrhilse < of}se- 1o~ m a n c e
quemtv, u~e e n g h s e ~ ffeq<a,'Hdy be',ond [he ~,pei |[/ Ibis S{I.ltl 2 ~h~ ~ ( ~ M | me:hoG v~:~ m / l / z c ; d
a~lonal arise, winch may damage lhe engine ,,- becallse el [he a{lvammges {o iemsce c o l i-
5~ho[se , H.~ l i f e t i m e , kbove a l l . ~ * h e n ~he e n m n e s~ mp|arsenal ssmc arid so p e r l o r m J~e c a ~ c m a n o n
t ~ D e F a l e d dNFSfI~], N i p l d acceleralion |he ovc~:shoo~ lbT he change of, large rola~sond r~eed /n
,,, t h e ~ H r b m e m / e l [empe~mure e• @e hmil /he CMf melhod -,race @ e mas~ tlov~ r)assm 7
[herelo~c= ~f ,,-- v e t , lsllporlalH lhal Hie /vl~am/c lhFOSlgsh [he etsch Collloones}l F~]o~ it" l{'l [~tlll

Copyright (C) 2003 NuriMedia Co., Ltd.

 848 Changduk Kong, Jayoung Ki a,~d Sukckoo Ckung

Table 7 Steady state a r r i v a l t i m e ST~T

C~;~ ~ ]

Fable 8 Steady q a t e value e r r o r

S~S
Varmble S-S yahoo Y~, Error
anMvsis

Ng {g)RPM) 93.38 94.04 0707

I ................
~*Z,~(k~ sec 0 0566 0.0566 u .................. 2

rga k~ sec 3.221 3.415 6.023

T|T {K I182.83 1132.46 4.258 Z..:TZ / 771

~ea~ ~ S ~om f}T ~ I
~r
TiP bar 6 809 ~ 935 0 472

SHP i h p / 688.35 69g g I 518

/

...........................E T Z Z 7 2 }

an ~[eraHo~ p r o c e s s ~or m a t c h i n g mass Flow

neeoeo. van

The work difterence bmween me compressor

and t~e ~urbine m the H~ans~em s~me c a n be
b l o ~ char[ o | l ra ~ s l e n[ analyb15 p r o g r a m
e x p r e s s e d i n fl~e t o t | o w i n g e q u a t i o n Se|lers and
Danie~e t975).
seconds was experimental condition. In c a s e o f
g
d]V
'N~ 2/) 0.7 s e c o n d s ~wne mat m e r o t a t i o n a l s p e e d oF {he
gas generator and me sba~ horsepower reac
w h e r e m o m e m o f i n e m a t:or ~he r o t o r i n H~.~ s t u d y hed me steady state was compared w~m H~e
experm~em result A l s o t h e v a l u e o f s, e a d y s~a~e
F o r p e r f o r m a n c e a m d y s i s o i t h e ~ r a n s / e m state. amunmem wa, compared w i t h d~e re s ul t > o f p a r t
the rotational speed's increase or aecrease ~s load p e r l b r m a n c e anaty~is at 9 3 . 3 8 % R P M . Fhe
c a / c t d m e d by i n t e g r a t i n g t h e s u r p l u s t o r q ue o l t h e resuhs of comparison s h o w in T a b l e 7. T a b l e ~;
~econd ~erm o f th e r i g h t h a n d s~de e q u a t i o n /n a n d V g. 9.
~his s t u d y , t h e M o d i f i e d E u l e r m e ~ h o d w a s u s e d Fhe de~.elopcd program mr transmm analys~s
~or m m g r a t m n ( W i l l i a m ~ 1992) Figure x shows c o n I r o l s II~e fuel t ]ov ~o k e e p t h e t u r b i n e i n l e t
t h e f l o w c t t a r ~ o f d~e d3 n a m i c sm~ulaHon p r o g r a m temperature oH I 4 0 0 K ff II e x c e e d s /400K o~
by the CMF method oeyond [he botmds of , , p e r a t a b l e 2omponents"
F o r p e r l o r m a n c e a n a G s i s of the Lransiem state characteristics.
varit~as fuel f l o w s c h e d u l i n g s w e r e a s s u m e d ior A c c o r d i n g m d~c a n a l y s i s r e s u l L u s i n g t h e r a m p
acceleration from die RPM(64%) ~o m a x m ~ u m fue l ~ c b e d u l i n g m o r e m a n 4 , e c o n d s ~or a c c e l e r a
cruise cono~ion RPM 93.38% of gas generator ~ion f r o m O 4 ~ R P M t o 9 3 . 3 8 % R P M c a n r e d u c e
rotationM speed. Fhe li.~el i n c r e a s e r m e s o f O.l~ ~he e x c e s s i v e o v e r s n o o ~ w h i c h c a n m a k e fi:~dure
0.7. 2_0 a n a 4.O s e c o n d s w e r e c o n s i d e r e d a n d 0 7 o f ~he ~ u r b i n e b l a d e s

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 Pe@)rmance S#nu&don o f a Turboprop Engine/or Basic Trab*er 849

<~ g~ a3

0o, ~ |
O;e~ !
a: e < o _
' [ .............................................................................. W

(a) Fuel flo,s rate vs. Fime {b R P M v s "lime

~ }y]rl

4m

}t~3o

a 8 8 tO o

(C) SHP vs, Time (d Turbine i n b t Temperature vs. 7 h ~ e

Fig. 9 Results of transient performance analysis with Nel increase

increase, the anal ~sm resum~ were c o m p a r e d , ~ }

5, C o n c l u s i o n ~he test results aBd the excessive o v e r s h o o t of d~e
comi~ressor t u r b i n e t n b t ~empera~ure o c c u r r e d ~n
Ape, f b r m a n c e simulafior~ p r e g ! a m tbr the o r a e r ~o d i m i n a | the overshoo~ in m e m r m n e
PT6A..-62 t u r b o p r o p engine, w M c h is the pewe~ in/el mmperal:ure, m e |ue/ mass t~,a., mus~ be
p l a n t o i tile first Korem~ i n d i g e n o u s basic trainer, increased m r a m p vv~h lhe [m'le mterva] over s
was developed. T h e design p o i n t p e f f o t r n a n c e seconds. I t o w e v m ~he o p m n a [ comro~ ~ecnmoue
parameters of PT6A-62 were determined by is required ~or sail? operauor? ~m~ fsst resao~se
comparb~g with e n g i n e m a n u f a c t u r e r s p e r f o r m - character]sues ot {he engine Kong, e~ al.. ~999
aiice d a m T h e d e v e l o p e d p r o g r a m was evaluated
by c o m p a r i n g with e n g i n e p e r l b r m a n c e d a t a a~d Acknowledgment
analysis results of' G A S T U R B p r o g r a m , w h i c h ~s
well k n o w n l~>r {be p e r f o r m a n c e s i m u l a t i o n 0 f gas ]['}le atHhors w o u l d like ,o express lhe~r ~snk-
t u r b i n e h? the steady'-state analysis; tiaere ~ e r e m financia~ s u p p o r f H-ore Agenc~ ~o] F)eRum~
various caes such as rake off c o n d i t [ o m fligh~ Developmem ADD support. 2000
conditions including variatkm of altitude a n d
flight M a c h m t m b e r a:rtd part i 0 a d c o n d i t i o n s . In Referenc es
d i cases; the m a x i m u m e r r o r was w i t h i n r e a s o m
a b l e value. FOr the t r a n s i e m analysis, the C M F BeHocchi R.. S p m a . P R and | a b b r L K. [,~}e}
M e t h o d was m i l i z e d , a n d d e Modified Eu]er "Dynaru)c Modehng o f Single shaft ~ndustr~a[
M e t h o d was used f'ot h ~ t e g r a d o n o f {he s u r p l u s r T u r b i n e . " A S M E 96 G T 332
torque/n this analysis, there were ~wo c a s e s suet1 Cro>,a (i_ m a l . Jtdy ]998. ' H e a ~ y D u b G a s
as d:le step fl~el increase s c h e d u l i n g a n d dxe r a m p Furbine Plato ~ e r o t h e r m o d ~ n a m i ~ s~mula~ion
fhel increase s c h e d u l i n g ~n the case of step %ei / si~7 u S i M U LI N K ~ ./ozo?~el qy s v,~

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 8~0 ('hangduk Konr Jayoung Kr *tnd Sukchoo (Thu~g
Gas Tueghies and Power, Vot, I20, p p 550-.- 560
Douglas, L E , 1986, Development of a Gea-
eralized Computer Pr0geam ~br Gas Tm-bb~e
Pertbrmance Simuladoa," Ph; D. Thesis, Cran~
i~eld Uniwersi% Unh:ed K i n g d o m
Palmer, J R~ a n d Yah, C-Z, 1985 ~TURBO~
T R A N S - A Programrning Language lk~r fi~e Pc>
formm~ce Simulad0n o f Arbitrary Gas Ti.trbiee
Engines w~th Arbitraw C o n t r o l Systems" In,or-
national ,,~urna: s Tu,~o and Jet e:,gines, 2,
p p i9.~28
Saravanamuttoo, [ L 1: Hi a n d Maclssac; B D : ,
July 1973~ ~The Use 0f a Hybrid Compmm7 ~n
the OptimizatiOn of Gas F~rbi,~e C o m r o l
Parmneters,' ,]ournag oJ" i~;ngNeeringjbr Po~er,
p p 25'7 :-- 264:
Schobdr~; M T;, Atda, M a~d {ippke, (:.,
July i994, ~*GETRAN: A Genetic, M o d n l a d y
Structured Computer Code lbr Simulation of
Dyaam~c Behavior of Aero-and Power G e n e r a
tiO~ Gas Turbine E n g i n e s ' o:'our,~ ~ / k?e~g~
inee~ing for Gas Turbines a n d PoweL V o t t 1 6
p p 483-- 49g~
Se/daer, K , et al, Feb 1972, ~Ge,aeratized
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Simula/ion Technique lbr -Furbojm Fnaine ~ , -
tern A n a l ~ ;~s." N A X r 1N-|)-66[0.
Sellers L b. and Daniele~ C..! /975 "DYN...
(~| N~A Program ~or ( ' a k u l a n n g S~ead, sta~
and Fransiem Pertbrmance c,~ gurboiel and
gurbotan KagmesY NASA T N [} 7901
K,o~'?g. C. D.. Chur~g~ S.C. ~999_ Real rune
Linea~ Simala~ioa and t o m rot I~>r'Small Aircra[:{
]'urb~ie~ /agree_ " KSMs Int7 :o~etwa: Vol ?
NO ")r~. 636--'666
r. ou~, C. D _ KL .i Y . K o h . K. W 199~ "Per
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