C L A S S X II (2 02 2 -23) (T H E O R Y )

T im e: 3 H o u rs 7 0 M a rk s
S .N o . T itle N o . o f P e rio d s M a rk s
1 S o lu tion s 15 7
2 E le ctro chem istry 18 9
3 C h em ica l K in etics 15 7
4 d -a nd f -B lo ck E lem e nts 18 7
5 C o ord in atio n C o m p o u nds 18 7
6 H a lo alka ne s a n d H alo are ne s 15 6
7 A lco ho ls, P h en ols a nd E th ers 14 6
8 A ld eh yde s, K e to n es a nd C a rb o xylic A cid s 15 8
9 A m in es 14 6
10 B io m o le cule s 18 7
T o tal 160 70
U n it II: S olu tio n s 15 P e rio d s

T ype s o f so lu tion s, e xpre ssio n o f co nce ntratio n o f so lu tion s o f so lid s in liq uid s, so lu bility
o f g ase s in liq uid s, so lid so lu tion s, R a ou lt's la w , co llig ative p ro p e rtie s - re lative lo w e ring o f
va po ur pre ssure , e le vation o f b oilin g p oin t, d epre ssio n o f fre ez in g p oin t, o sm o tic pre ssure ,
d ete rm in atio n of m o le cula r m a sses usin g co llig ative pro pe rtie s, a bn orm a l m o le cula r m a ss,
V a n't H off factor.

U n it III: E le ctro c h em istry 18 P e rio d s

R e do x re actio ns, E M F o f a ce ll, sta nd ard e le ctro de p ote ntia l, N e rnst eq ua tion a nd its
a pp lica tion to ch em ica l ce lls, R e la tion b etw e en G ibbs e ne rg y ch an ge a nd E M F of a ce ll,
co nd ucta nce in e le ctro lytic so lu tion s, sp ecific a nd m o la r co nd uctivity, varia tion s of
co nd uctivity w ith co ncen tratio n, K o hlra usch 's La w , e le ctro lysis a n d la w o f e le ctro lysis
(e le m e n tary id ea), d ry ce ll-e le ctro lytic ce lls a nd G a lva nic ce lls, le ad a ccu m u la to r, fu el
ce lls, co rro sio n.

U n it IV : C h em ic al K in etic s 15 P e rio d s

R a te o f a re actio n (A ve ra g e a nd in sta n ta ne ous), fa cto rs affe ctin g rate o f re actio n:

co nce ntratio n, tem p eratu re , ca ta lyst; o rd er a nd m o le cula rity o f a re action , ra te la w a nd
sp ecific rate co nsta nt, in te gra te d ra te e qu atio ns an d h alf-life (o nly fo r ze ro a nd first ord er
re actio ns), co nce pt of co llisio n th eo ry (e le m e nta ry id ea, n o m a th em atica l tre atm e nt),
a ctivatio n e nerg y, A rrh eniu s e q u atio n.

U n it V III: d a n d f B lo ck E le m e n ts 18 P e rio d s

G e ne ra l in tro du ctio n, e lectro nic co nfig uratio n, o ccu rre nce an d ch ara cteristics o f tra nsitio n
m e ta ls, g en era l tre nd s in p ro p ertie s o f th e first-row transitio n m e ta ls – m e ta llic ch ara cter,
io niza tion e nth alp y, o xid atio n state s, io nic ra dii, co lo ur, cata lytic pro pe rty, m a gn etic
 p ro p e rtie s, in te rstitia l com p ou nd s, a llo y form ation, pre pa ratio n a nd p ro p ertie s o f K 2 C r 2 O 7
a nd K M nO 4 .

L an th a n o id s –

E le ctro nic co nfig ura tion, o xid atio n state s, ch em ical re activity a nd la nth ano id co ntra ction
a nd its co nse qu en ces.

A ctin oid s - E le ctro nic co nfig ura tion , o xid atio n state s a nd com pariso n w ith lan th a n oid s.

U n it IX : C o o rd in atio n C o m p o u n d s 18 P e rio d s

C o ord in atio n co m p o u nds - Introd uctio n, lig an ds, co ord in atio n n um b er, co lo ur, m a gn etic
p ro p e rtie s a nd sh ap es, IU P A C n om e ncla ture of m o no nucle ar co ord in atio n com p ou nd s.
B o nd in g, W e rn er's th eo ry, V B T , a nd C F T ; structure an d stere oiso m erism , th e im p orta nce
o f co ord in atio n com p oun ds (in q ua litative a na lysis, e xtra ctio n of m e ta ls a nd b io lo gica l
system ).

U n it X : H alo alk an es an d H a lo a re n es. 15 P e rio d s

H a lo a lk an es : N om e ncla tu re, n atu re of C –X bo nd , p hysica l a nd ch em ica l p ro p ertie s,

o ptica l rota tion m e cha nism of su bstitutio n re actions.

H a lo a re n es : N atu re of C –X b on d, su bstitu tion re actio ns (D ire ctive in flue nce o f h alo ge n in

m o no sub stitu te d com p oun ds o nly). U se s a nd e nviro nm e nta l e ffe cts of - d ich lo ro m e th a n e,
trich lo rom e th a n e, te tra chlo ro m e th a n e, io dofo rm , fre on s, D D T .

U n it X I: A lc o h o ls, P h en o ls a n d E th ers 14 P e rio d s

A lc o h ols : N om e ncla ture, m eth od s o f p re p ara tion, p hysica l a nd ch em ica l p ro p e rtie s (o f

p rim a ry a lco ho ls o nly), id en tificatio n of p rim ary, se con dary a nd te rtia ry a lco ho ls,
m e cha nism o f d eh ydra tio n, u ses w ith sp ecia l refe re n ce to m e tha no l a nd e th a n ol.

P h en o ls : N om e ncla ture , m eth od s o f p re p ara tion , p hysica l a nd ch em ica l p ro pe rtie s, a cid ic

n atu re o f p he no l, e le ctrop hilic su bstitu tion re actio ns, u ses of p he no ls.

E th ers : N o m e n cla tu re, m e th o d s of pre pa ra tion , p hysica l a nd ch em ica l p ro p e rtie s, use s.

U n it X II: A ld eh yd es , K eto n e s a n d C a rb o x ylic A c id s 15 P e rio d s

A ld eh yd es a n d K eton es : N o m e n cla ture , na tu re of ca rb o nyl g ro up , m eth od s of

p re p a ratio n, p hysica l an d ch em ica l p ro p ertie s, m ech an ism o f n ucle op hilic a dd itio n,
re activity o f a lp ha h ydro ge n in a ld e h yde s, u ses.

C a rb o x ylic A cid s: N om e ncla tu re , a cid ic n atu re, m e th o ds o f p re p ara tion, p hysica l a nd

ch em ica l p ro p ertie s; u ses.

U n it X III: A m in es 14 P e rio d s

A m in es : N om e ncla ture , cla ssificatio n, stru ctu re, m e th o d s of p re p ara tion, p hysica l a nd
ch em ica l p ro p ertie s, u ses, id en tifica tion of prim a ry, seco nd ary a nd te rtia ry a m ine s.
 D ia zo niu m s alts : P re pa ra tio n, ch em ica l re actio ns a nd im p orta nce in synth etic org an ic
ch em istry.

U n it X IV : B io m ole cu les 18 P e rio d s

C a rb o h yd ra te s - C la ssifica tion (a ld ose s and ketoses), m o no sacch arides (g lu cose a nd

fru cto se), D -L co nfig uratio n o lig osa ccha ride s (su cro se, la cto se, m a lto se), po lysa ccha ride s
(starch , ce llu lo se, g lyco ge n); Im p orta nce o f ca rb ohydra te s.

P ro te in s -E le m e nta ry id ea o f - a m ino a cid s, p ep tide b on d, p olyp ep tide s, prote in s,

stru ctu re o f p rote in s - prim a ry, se con da ry, te rtiary stru ctu re a nd q ua terna ry stru ctu re s
(q ua lita tive id ea o nly), de na tu ratio n o f pro te in s; e nzym e s. H orm o ne s - E le m e n ta ry id ea
e xclu din g structure .

V itam in s - C la ssifica tion a n d fu nctio ns.

N u cle ic A c id s: D N A a nd R N A .

Note:
The content indicated in NCERT textbooks as excluded for the year 2022-23 is not to be
tested by schools.
P R A C T IC A L S
3 H O U R S / 30 M A R K S
E v alu atio n S c h e m e for E x am in atio n M a rk s
V o lu m e tric A n alysis 08
S a lt A n alysis 08
C o nte nt B a sed E xp erim en t 06
P ro je ct W o rk 04
C la ss re cord a nd viva 04
T o tal 30

P R A C T IC A L S Y L L A B U S 60 P e rio d s
M icro -c h e m ic al m e th od s a re a vaila b le fo r s eve ra l of pra c tic al e xp erim e n ts.
W h e re ve r p o s sible , s uc h te ch niq u e s s h o uld b e u se d .
A . S u rfa ce C h e m is try
(a) P re pa ra tio n o f o ne lyop hilic a nd o n e lyop ho bic so l

L yop hilic so l - sta rch , e gg a lb um in a n d g um

L yop ho bic so l - a lu m inium h ydro xid e, ferric h ydroxid e, a rse no us su lp hid e.
(b) D ia lysis o f so l-pre pa re d in (a) a bo ve.
(c) S tu dy of th e ro le o f e m u lsifyin g a ge nts in sta bilizin g th e e m u lsio n of d iffe ren t o ils.

B . C h em ic al K in etic s
(a) E ffe ct of co nce ntratio n an d tem p era ture o n th e rate of re actio n b etw e en S o diu m
T hio sulp ha te a nd H ydro ch lo ric a cid .
(b) S tu dy of re actio n rate s of a ny o ne o f th e fo llo w in g:
(i) R e actio n of Io did e io n w ith H yd ro ge n P ero xid e at ro om tem p eratu re u sing
d iffe re nt co nce ntra tion s o f Io did e io ns.
 (ii) R e actio n b etw e en P o ta ssiu m Io da te, (K IO 3 ) a nd S o diu m S u lp hite : (N a 2 S O 3 )
u sin g starch so lutio n a s an in dica to r (clo ck re actio n).

C . T h erm o c h e m is try
A n y o n e of th e fo llo w in g e xpe rim e nts
(a) E n th a lp y o f d isso lu tion of C o pp er S u lp ha te or P o ta ssiu m N itra te.
(b) E n th a lp y o f n eu tra liza tion o f stro ng acid (H C I) a nd stro ng b a se (N aO H ).
(c) D e te rm in atio n of e nth ap ly ch an ge d urin g inte ra ctio n (H ydro ge n b on d fo rm a tion )
b etw e en A ce to ne a n d C h lo ro fo rm .

D . E le ctro c h em istry
V a riatio n o f ce ll p ote ntia l in Z n/Z n 2+ || C u 2+ /C u w ith ch an ge in co nce ntra tion o f
e le ctro lyte s (C u S O 4 o r Zn S O 4 ) at ro om tem p era ture .

E . C h rom a to g ra p h y
(a) S e pa ra tio n o f p ig m e nts from e xtra cts o f lea ves a nd flo w e rs b y pap er
ch ro m ato gra phy a nd d ete rm in atio n o f R f va lu es.
(b) S e pa ra tio n of co nstitu en ts pre sen t in a n in org an ic m ixtu re co nta in in g tw o ca tion s
o nly (co nstitu en ts h avin g la rg e d iffe re nce in R f valu es to b e pro vid ed ).

F. P re p ara tio n of In o rg a n ic C o m p o u n d s
P re pa ra tio n o f d ou ble salt o f F erro us A m m o nium S u lpha te o r P o ta sh
A lu m . P re pa ratio n o f P o ta ssiu m F erric O xa la te .

G. P re p ara tio n of O rg a nic C o m p o u n d s

P re pa ra tio n o f a ny o ne of th e fo llo w in g co m p o u nds
i) A ce ta n ilid e ii) D i -b en za lA ce to n e iii) p-N itro aceta nilid e iv) A n ilin e ye llo w o r 2 -
N a ph th o l A n ilin ed ye.

H. T e sts fo r th e fu n c tio n a l g ro u p s pre s e n t in o rga n ic c om p o u n d s :

U n satu ratio n, a lco ho lic, ph en olic, a ld eh ydic, keto nic, carb oxylic a nd am in o (P rim a ry)
g ro u p s.
I. C h ara c te ris tic te sts o f c arb o h y d ra te s, fa ts a nd p ro tein s in p ure s am p le s a n d
th eir d ete ctio n in giv en fo o d stuffs.
J. D e te rm in atio n of c o n cen tra tio n / m ola rity o f K M n O 4 s olu tio n b y titra tin g it
a g a in s t a sta n d ard s o lu tio n o f:
(a) O xa lic a cid ,
(b) F erro us A m m o niu m S u lp ha te
(S tu de nts w ill b e re quire d to pre pa re sta nd ard so lution s by
w e ig hin g th em se lve s).
K . Q u alitativ e a n a ly sis
D e te rm in atio n o f o ne a nio n a nd o n e ca tion in a g iven sa lt
C a tio n :
P b 2+ , C u 2+ A s 3+ , Aℓ3+ , F e 3+ , M n 2+ , Z n 2+ , N i 2+ , C a 2+ , S r 2+ , B a 2+ , M g 2+ , N H 4 +
A n io n s:
 (C O 3 ) 2- , S 2- , (S O 3 ) 2- , (N O 2 ) - , (S O 4 ) 2- , Cℓ- , B r - , I - , (P O 4 ) 3- , (C 2 O 4 ) 2- , C H 3 C O O - , N O 3 -
(N o te: In so lu ble s alts e xc lu d ed )

IN V E S T IG A T O R Y P R O J E C T
S c ie n tific inv es tig atio ns in volv in g la b ora to ry te stin g a n d c olle ctin g info rm atio n
fro m o th er s o urc e s A fe w s u g g e ste d P roje cts .
• S tu dy of th e pre sen ce o f o xala te io ns in g u ava fru it at d iffe re nt sta ge s o f ripe nin g.
• S tu dy th e q ua ntity o f ca se in p re sen t in d iffe re nt sa m p le s of m ilk.
• P re pa ra tio n of so ybe an m ilk a nd its com p ariso n w ith n atura l m ilk w ith re sp ect to curd
fo rm a tion , th e effe ct of tem p eratu re, etc.
• S tu dy o f th e e ffe ct o f P o ta ssiu m B isu lp ha te a s a food pre serva tive u n de r va riou s
co nd itio ns (te m p era ture , co nce ntratio n, tim e, e tc.)
• S tu dy o f d ig estio n of sta rch b y sa liva ry a m ylase and e ffect of p H a nd tem pe ra ture o n
it.
• C o m p a ra tive stu dy o f th e ra te o f fe rm e nta tion o f the fo llo w in g m a te ria ls: w h ea t flo ur,
g ra m flo ur, p ota to ju ice , ca rrot ju ice , e tc.
• E xtra ctio n o f e ssentia l o ils p re se n t in S a unf (a nise ed ), A jw a in (carum ), Illa ich i
(ca rd am o m ).
• S tu dy o f com m o n fo od a du lte ra n ts in fat, o il, bu tter, su gar, tu rm e ric p ow e r, ch illi
p ow d er a nd p e p pe r.

N o te : A n y oth er in vestiga to ry proje ct, w h ich in volve s a bout 1 0 p erio ds of w o rk, ca n

b e ch ose n w ith th e a ppro val o f th e te ach er.

P ra c tic al E x am in atio n fo r V is u ally Im p a ire d S tu d e n ts o f C la ss es X I an d X II

E v alu atio n S c h e m e
T im e A llow e d: T w o h ou rs M a x. M ark s :3 0
T o pic M a rk s
Id en tificatio n/F am ilia rity w ith th e a pp aratu s 5
W ritte n te st (b ase d o n g ive n/p re scrib ed pra cticals) 10
P ra ctical R e cord 5
V iva 10
T o tal 30

G e n e ral G u id elin es
• T he p ra ctica l e xam in atio n w ill b e o f tw o h ours d uration .
• A se pa rate list o f te n e xpe rim e n ts is in clu de d h ere.
• T he w ritte n e xam in atio n in p ra ctica ls fo r th ese stude nts w ill b e co nd ucted a t the
tim e of th e p ra ctica l e xam in atio n of a ll oth er stu de nts.
• T he w ritte n te st w ill b e o f 3 0 m in ute s d uratio n.
• T he q ue stion p ap er g iven to th e stu de nts sh ou ld b e le gib ly typ ed . It sh ou ld co nta in
a to ta l of 1 5 p ractica l skill-b ase d ve ry sh ort a nsw er typ e q ue stio ns. A stu de nt w o uld
b e re qu ire d to a nsw e r a ny 1 0 q ue stio n s.
• A w rite r m ay b e a llo w e d to su ch stu de nts a s p er C B S E e xam in atio n ru le s.
 • A ll q ue stion s in clu de d in th e q ue stio n p ap ers sh ou ld b e re la te d to the liste d
p ra ctica l. E ve ry q ue stio n sh ou ld re qu ire a b o ut tw o m in utes to b e a nsw e red .
• T he se stu de nts a re a lso re qu ire d to m a in ta in a pra ctical file . A stu de nt is exp ecte d
to reco rd at le ast five o f th e liste d e xpe rim e nts as p er th e sp ecific in stru ctio ns for
e ach su bje ct. T he se practica ls sh ou ld b e d uly che cked a nd sig ne d b y th e in te rn al
e xam in er.
• T he fo rm at o f w ritin g an y e xpe rim e nt in th e p ra ctical file sh ou ld in clu de a im ,
a pp ara tu s re qu ire d, sim ple th eo ry, p ro ce d ure , re la te d pra ctical skills, p re ca utio ns
e tc.
• Q u estio ns m a y b e g en era te d jo in tly by th e externa l/in te rn al e xam in ers a nd u sed
fo r a ssessm e nt.
• T he viva q ue stio ns m ay in clu de q ue stion s b ase d on b asic
th eo ry/p rincip le /co n ce pt, a pp aratu s/m ate rials/ ch em ica ls re qu ire d, proce du re ,
p re ca u tion s, so urce s o f e rro r etc.

1. Item s fo r Id en tific atio n /F am ilia rity o f th e a pp ara tu s fo r a ss es sm e nt in p ra ctic al

(A ll e xp erim e nts )
B e ake r, g la ss ro d, trip od sta nd , w ire g au ze, B u nse n b urn er, W h a tm a n filte r p ap er,
g as ja r, ca pilla ry tu be, pe stle a nd m ortar, te st tub es, to ngs, te st tu be h old er, te st
tu be sta nd, b urette , p ip ette , co nica l fla sk, sta nd ard fla sk, clam p sta nd, fu nn el, filte r
p ap er
H a nd s-o n A sse ssm e nt
• Id en tificatio n/fam ilia rity w ith th e a pp aratu s
• O d ou r d ete ctio n in q u a lita tive a na lysis

2. Lis t o f P ra c tic als

T h e e xp erim e n ts h av e b ee n d ivid ed in to tw o se ctio n s:

S e ctio n A a n d S ectio n B .

T h e e xp erim e n ts m e ntio n e d in S e ctio n B are m a n d a to ry.

S E C T IO N - A
A S urfa ce C h em is try
1 P re pa ratio n o f o ne lyo philic a nd one lyo ph ob ic so l - starch , e gg alb um in and g um
2 P re pa ratio n of o ne lyo ph ob ic so l– F erric h ydro xid e

B C hro m ato g ra p h y
S e pa ra tio n o f p ig m e nts from e xtra cts o f le ave s a nd flo w ers by p ap er
ch ro m ato gra phy a nd d ete rm in atio n o f R f va lu es (d ista nce va lu es m a y b e p ro vid ed ).

C T e sts fo r th e fu n c tio n a l g ro u p s pre s e n t in o rga n ic c om p o u n d s :

(1) A lco ho lic a nd C arb oxylic g ro u p s.
(2) A ld eh ydic a nd K e to n ic
 D C h ara c te ris tic te sts o f c arb o h y d ra te s a n d prote in s in th e g iv e n
fo o d stu ffs .

E P re p ara tio n of In o rg a n ic C o m p o u n d s - P o ta s h A lum

S E C T IO N -B (M a n d ato ry )

F Q u an titativ e a n a ly sis
(1) (a ) P re pa ra tio n o f th e sta nda rd so lu tion o f O xa lic a cid o f a g ive n vo lu m e
(b ) D e te rm in atio n of m o la rity o f K M n O 4 so lu tion b y titra ting it a ga in st a
sta nd ard so lu tion of O xa lic a cid .
(2) T he a bo ve e xe rcise [F 1 (a ) a nd (b )] to b e co nd ucte d u sin g F erro us a m m o niu m
su lp ha te (M o hr's sa lt)

G Q u alitativ e a n a ly sis :
(1 ) D e te rm in atio n o f o ne catio n a nd o ne a nio n
in a g ive n sa lt. C atio n –N H 4 +
A n io ns – C O 3 2- , S 2- , S O 3 2- , C l - , C H 3 C O O -
(N o te : Inso lu ble sa lts e xclu de d)

N o te : T he a bo ve p ra ctica l m a y b e ca rrie d o ut in a n e xperie ntia l m a nn er ra th er th an

re cord in g o bse rvatio ns.

P R E S C R IB E D B O O K S
1. C h em istry P a rt -I, C la ss-X II, P u blish ed b y N C E R T .
2. C h em istry P a rt -II, C la ss-X II, P u blish ed by N C E R T .
3. L ab ora tory M a nu al of C he m istry, C la ss X I P u blish ed b y N C E R T
4. O th er re late d b oo ks a nd m a nu als of N C E R T in clu din g m u ltim e dia a nd o nlin e
so urce s
Q U E S T IO N P A P E R D E S IG N C LA S S E S –X I a nd X II (2 022 -23)
S .N o D o m a in s M a rks %
1 R e m e m be rin g an d U n d ers ta n d in g : 28 40
E xhibit m em o ry o f p re viou sly le a rne d m a te rial b y reca llin g fa cts, te rm s,
b a sic co nce p ts an d a nsw e rs. D em on stra te u nd e rsta n d in g o f fa cts a nd
id ea s b y o rg a nizin g , com p a rin g , tra n sla tin g , in te rpre tin g , givin g
d e scrip tion s a nd sta ting m a in id e as.
2 A p p ly in g : 21 30
S olve p ro blem s to n ew situ a tio ns b y a p plyin g a cquire d kn ow le dg e , fa cts,
te ch n iq u es a n d rule s in a d iffe re n t w a y.
3 A n a ly zin g , E v a lu a tin g an d C re a tin g : 21 30
E xam ine a n d b re a k in fo rm a tio n in to p a rts b y id en tifyin g m o tive s o r cau se s.
M a ke in fe re n ce s and fin d e vide n ce to su p po rt ge n e ra liza tio n s. P rese n t and
d e fe n d op in io n s b y m a kin g jud gm en ts a b ou t in fo rm a tio n , th e valid ity of
id ea s o r q u ality o f w o rk b ase d o n a se t o f crite ria .
C om p ile in fo rm a tion to g e th e r in a diffe re n t w ay b y co m b in in g e lem en ts in a
n e w pa tte rn o r p ro p osin g a lte rn a tive so lu tio ns.
F o r m o re d etails k in dly re fe r to S am p le Q u estio n P a p e r o f c la s s X II for th e y ear 2 02 2-
2 3 to b e p u blis h e d b y C B S E a t its w e b site.