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THE NATIONAL NEWS WEEKLY OF MALAYALEES
NERKAZHCHA WEEKLY NEWSPAPER1

NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023
IN USA, PUBLISHED FROM HOUSTON, TEXAS
435 MURPHY ROAD Phone: 832-273-0361, 832-406-1638, 847-630-0037 e-mail: news@nerkazhcha.com www.nerkazhcha.com VOL# 07
SUITE B1-197, STAFFORD ISSUE # 03
TEXAS, USA 77477 APRIL 02-08
2023
Pages 62
e Paper
Hm-im-\ ap-X¬
Cu-Ã¿ h-sc ➥ P 33
tb-ip-{In-kX -v p-hn-s‚ P-dp-kt- ew {]-th-i\ - Ø- n-s‚ kva - c

- W
- I
- f
- p-
W¿-Øn Ip-cp-tØm-eI - t- f-¥n hn-izm-kn-Iƒ Hm-im-\s - ∏-cp-∂mƒ
B-tLm-jn-°p-∂p. k-l\ - Ø
- n-s‚-bpw Ip-cn-ip-ac
- W- Ø- n-s‚-bpw s^m-°m-\b- p-sS tI-cf- I¨-sh≥-j≥ Xn-cp-h\ - ¥
- ]
- p-cØ
- v tlm-´¬ l-bm-Øn¬ tIcf- kv] - o-°¿ F.F≥.
jw-ko¿ D-ZvL
- m-S\
- w sN-øp-∂p. ]n.hn. A-–pƒ h-lm-_v Fw.]n., a-{¥n hn. in-h≥-Ip-ń, P-\d
- ¬ sk-{I-´d
- n I-
Zn-\ß
- f- m-b ]o-Um-\p-`h - h- m-cØ
- n-\v C-tXm-sS Xp-S°- a- m-hpw. h-en- em j-ln, am-a≥ kn. tP-°_ - v, {]-kn-U‚ v _m-_p Ão-^≥, a-{¥n B‚-Wn cm-Pp, tam≥-kv tPm-k^ - v
b-t\m-ºn-s‚ A-hk - m-\ hm-cØ - n-te-°m-Wv I-S°- p-∂X - .v Fw.F¬.F., F-kv.F-kv. em¬, t]mƒ I-dp-I∏ - ≈- n¬ Xp-Sß - ¿ k-ao-]w (hm¿Ø 7˛mw t]Pn¬)
- n-bh


bp-F-kv _-ln-cm-Im-i G-P≥-kn \m-k-bp-sS 'aq¨ Sp am¿-kv' Zu-Xy-Øn-s‚ B-Zy X-e-h-\m-
{Sw-]ns- \ Ip-Sp-°p-tam t]m¨-Xm-cw?
aq-∂mw X-hW - b- pw {]-kn-U‚ v Xn-cs- ™-Sp-∏n¬ a-’c- n-°m-\p-
bn C-¥y≥ hw-i-P≥ A-an-Xv £-{Xn-b-sb \n-b-an-®p. Nm-{μ-Zu-Xy-ßƒ \n¿-h-ln-°m-\pw
sNm-Δ-bn¬ B-Zy-am-bn a-\p-jy-s\ C-d-°m-\pw \m-k-sb k-÷-am-°p-I-bm-Wv A-t±-l-Øn- ≈ \o-°w i-‡a- m-°n {]-Nm-cW - w \-SØ - n-hc- p-tºm-gm-Wv C-Sn-
s‚ Np-a-X-e. tkm-^v-‰v-sh-b¿, tdm-_-ń-Iv-kv F≥-Pn-\o-b-dm-b A-an-Xv £-{Xn-b cm-Pym-¥-c Øo-bm-bn ]-gb - 'A-«o-e' tI-kv ho-≠pw s]m-ßn-h∂ - X
- .v B-
Zy-sØ Xn-cs- ™-Sp-∏n¬ a-’c- n-°p-tºmƒ ]p-I™ - p-Xp-Sß- n-b
_-ln-cm-Im-i \n-e-b-Øn-s‚ {]-h¿-Ø-\-ß-fn-epƒ-s∏-sS ]-s¶-Sp-Øn-´p-≠v. \m-k ]-≤-Xn-bm- Xo A-Wb - m-sX In-S∂ - Nn-e I-\e - p-Iƒ F-gp-]Ø - n-bm-dp-Im-c-
b B¿-ń-an-kn-s‚ ]-co-£-W-Zu-Xy-Øn¬ \n¿-Wm-b-I ]-¶p h-ln-®p. ➥ P 15 \m-b {Sw-]n-s\ ho-≠pw s]m-≈n-°p-Ib - m-W.v ➥ P 09
C-¥y a-te-jy hym-]m-cw; B¿ -F¬ -hn ]-co-£-Ww

hn-P-bw, C-¥y B-Zy cm-Pyw
C-\n C-¥y≥ cq-]-bn-epw hn-am-\-ß-sf-t∏m-se,d¨-th-bn¬ Xn-cn-®n-d-°m-hp-∂ hn-t£-]-
W hm-l-\-Øn-s‚ em≥-Un-Mv ]-co-£-Ww hn-P-bw. ➥ P 23
C-¥y-bpw a-te-jy-bpw X-Ωn-ep-
≈ hym-]m-c C-S] - m-Sp-Iƒ C-
\n C-¥y≥ cq-]-bn-epw \-S-
Ømw. tUm-f¿ B-{i-bX - zw Ip-
Pn20 sj¿-∏ k-tΩ-f-\-Øn¬
ssh-°w k-Xy{- K-l i-Xm-–n d-b°
v- p-Ib
s∏-Sp-Øp-Ib
Wp \-S]
- pw cq-]s - b i-‡n-
- pw sN-øp-∂X
- S- n. C-d°
- p-aX
- n-\m-
- n-bpw I-
km-º-Øn-Iam-‰-ßƒ-°v B-lzm-\w
hm-b]v- \-bw Dƒ-s∏-sS-bp-≈ Im-cy-ßf - n¬ B-tKm-f km-
B-tLm-j-Øn-\v Xp-S-°-am-bn b-‰p-aX
- n-bpw sN-øp-∂h
]-bn¬ hym-]m-cw \-SØ
- ¿-°v cq-
- m-\m-
º-Øn-I ta-Je - b
- n¬ Im-cy-am-b am-‰ß
∂ B-lzm-\t- Øm-sS Pn20 sj¿-∏I - f
- ƒ D-≠m-IW
- p-sS k-tΩ-f\
- s- a-
- w Ip-a-
kw-ÿm-\k - ¿-°m¿ kw-LS- n-∏n-® ssh-°w k-Xym-{K-li - - Ipw. ➥ P 25 c-IØ
- p k-am-]n-®p. ➥ P 19
Xm-–n B-tLm-j® - S- ß- n¬ tI-cf- , X-an-g\v- m-Sv ap-Jy-a{- ¥n-
am¿ H-cp-ab- p-sS Xo-cØ - v A-ac- °
- m-cm-bn. a-Xc- m-{„o-bØ - n-s‚
A-]I- S- ß
- ƒ-s°-Xn-tc ssh-°Ø
∂v ]n-Wd- m-bn hn-Pb
Im-bt- em-cs- Ø P-\°
- \
- n-s‚ k-tμ-ia- m-Wv _-Zs- e-
- pw Fw.sI. Ãm-en-\pw {]-Jym-]n-®p.
- q-´s- Ø km-£n-bm-°n 603 Zn-hk - s- Ø
   W-Øp-S¿-®. ]-e kw-ÿm-
I¿-Wm-S-I-Øn¬ cm-
B-tLm-jØ - n-\v C-cp-hc- pw Xn-cn-sX-fn-®p. c-≠p-Se - pw H-cp {„o-bt- ∏m-cn-\v Nq-Sp-]- \ Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏p-I-fn-
Nn-¥b- p-ap-≈h - c- m-Wv Xm-\pw ]n-Wd- m-bn-bp-sa-∂v Ãm-en≥ \n- I¿-∂p-sIm-≠v \n-b- epw ]-cm-Pb - t- a-‰p-hm-ßn
d-™ ssI-bS- n-°n-sS {]-Jym-]n-®p. ➥ - P 23 a-k`- m-Xn-cs
- ™-Sp-∏-v \n¬-°p-∂ tIm¨-{K-
{]-Jym-]n-®p. I¿- kv, Xn-cn-®p-hc - h
- n-\p-≈
Wm-SI - b- n¬ tIm¨- A-hk - c- a
- m-bm-Wv I¿-Wm-
bp-F-kn-se-Øn- tPm-en-t]m-b {K-kv A-[n-Im-cØ - n-se-
Øp- s a- ∂ v kn thm- ´ ¿-
S-I Xn-cs
Wp-∂X
- ™-Sp-∏n-s\ Im-
- v. A-Xn-\m¬ ta-bv ]-
F-®v1_n ho-k-°m¿-°v Chief Editor Chairman
Simon Valacheril Rajesh Varghese
F._n.]n. A-`n-{]m-b k¿-th ^-
ew. AtXkabw, _n.sP.]n. I¿-
Øn-\v \-S-°m-\n-cn-°p-∂ Xn-c-
s™-Sp-∏v C-cp-]m¿-ń-Iƒ-°pw \n¿-
a-‰p km-[y-X-Iƒ tX-Smw ➥ P 17 Wm-SI - Ø- n¬ e-£y-an-Sp-∂X
- v `-c- Wm-bI
- a- m-W.v ➥ P 04
2 NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023
NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023 3
4 
  NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023

{]-hm-kn-Iƒ I-d-h ]-ip-h-√;
I-dn-th-∏n-e-bp-a-√
sska¨ hfm-t®-cn¬ (No^v FUn-‰¿)

● ● 
A-ta-cn-°b - n-se a-eb - m-fn kw-LS- \ - I - f - p-sS kw-LS- \ - b - m-
I¿-Wm-SI - Ø - n¬ cm-{„o-bt- ∏m-cn-\v Nq-Sp-]I - ¿- am-Wv A-\p-Iq-en-®X - .v _n.sP.]n. kw-ÿm-\ A-
b s^m-°m-\b - p-sS tI-cf - Ø - n-se I¨-h≥-j≥ k-am-]n-®X - v
tem-IØ - p-≈ ap-gp-h≥ {]-hm-kn a-eb - m-fn kw-LS- \ - I- ƒ-°pw ∂p-sIm-≠v \n-ba - k - `- m-Xn-cs - ™-Sp-∏-v {]-Jym-]n- [y-£≥ \-fn≥ Ip-am¿ I-ó-en-s\ 1.6 i-Xa - m-\-
B-th-iw \¬-In-sIm-≠m-W.v kw-Lm-S\ - w, ]-¶m-fn-Øw, {]- ®p. ta-bv 10-\v H-‰L - ´- a - m-bn \-S° - p-∂ Xn-cs - ™- hpw. \n-eh - n-se k¿-°m-cn-s‚ {]-h¿-Ø\ - w tam-
kw-Kw, A-Xn-Yn-Iƒ, Xm-ak - w, B-lm-cw Xp-Sß - n H-cp I¨- Sp-∏n-s‚ thm-s´-Æ¬ ta-bv 13-\m-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂v i-am-sW-∂v ]-Ip-Xn-t∏-cpw A-`n-{]m-bs - ∏-´p.
h≥-j≥ hn-Pb - n-°m≥ B-hi - y-am-b L-SI - ß - ƒ F-√mw X- tI-{μ Xn-cs - ™-Sp-∏v I-Ωn-j≥ A-dn-bn-®p. AtXkabw, _n.sP.]n. I¿-Wm-SI - Ø - n¬
s∂ D-Øa - a - m-b co-Xn-bn¬ k-a\ - y-bn-∏n-°m≥ I-gn-™p. tI- A-©n-St- Ø-°p-≈ D-]X - n-cs - ™-Sp-∏pw C-Xn- e-£y-an-Sp-∂X - v `-cW - Ø - p-S¿-®. ]-e kw-ÿm-\
c-fØ
- n-s‚ hn-Ik - \ - Ø - n-epw ]p-tcm-KX - n-bn-epw s^m-°m-\ h- s\m-∏w \-S° - pw. cm-lp¬ Km-‘n-sb A-tbm- Xn-cs - ™-Sp-∏p-If - n-epw ]-cm-Pb - t- a-‰p-hm-ßn \n¬-
ln-°p-∂ kp-{]-[m-\ ]-¶n-s\-°p-dn-®v k-Po-ha - m-bn N¿-® sN- Ky-\m-°n-bt- Xm-sS \n-eh - n¬ P-\{- ]-Xn-\n-[n-bn- °p-∂ tIm¨-{K-k,v Xn-cn-®p-hc - h
- n-\p-≈ A-h-
ø-s∏-´ I¨-h≥-j≥ kw-LS- \ - b - ° - v ]p-Xn-sbm-cp-Zn-i \¬- √m-Ø h-b\ - m-Sv tem-Ik v- `- m-afi - e
- Ø - n-te-°v k-ca - m-bm-Wv I¿-Wm-SI - Xn-cs - ™-Sp-∏n-s\ Im-
Im-\pw k-lm-bI - a - m-bn F-∂p ]-db - mw. C-°q-´Ø - n¬ D-]X - n-cs - ™-Sp-∏n-√. Xn-cs - ™-Sp- Wp-∂X - .v A-Xn-\m¬ ta-bv ]-Øn-\v \-S° - m-\n-cn-
H-cp Im-eØ - v s^m-°m-\m {]-kn-U‚p-am¿-°v tI-cf - Ø - n¬ ∏p-Xo-bX - n-Iƒ {]-Jym-]n-®t- Xm-sS am-Xr-Im-s]- °p-∂ Xn-cs - ™-Sp-∏v C-cp-]m¿-ń-Iƒ-°pw \n¿-
h-en-b kzo-Im-cy-X e-`n-®n-cp-∂p. hn-tZ-i cm-Py {]-Xn-\n-[n-°p cp-am-‰® - ´- w \n-eh - n¬-h∂ - X - m-bpw ap-Jy-Xn-cs - ™- Wm-bI - a - m-W.v
Xp-ey-am-b B-Zc - h - p In-ń-bh - c - pw D-≠.v A-ta-cn-°b - n-se tI-c- Sp-∏v I-Ωn-jW - ¿ cm-Po-hv Ip-am¿ A-dn-bn-®p. Z-£n-tW-¥y-bn¬ _n.sP.]n.°v `-cW - a - p-≈
f-Øn-s‚ Aw-_m-kn-U¿-am-cm-bn X-s∂ ]-cn-KW - n-°s - ∏-´p. ]-©m-_n-se P-e‘ - ¿ tem-Ik -v `- m a-fie - Ø - n- G-I kw-ÿm-\a- m-Wv I¿-Wm-SI - w. 2018-¬ tIm¨-
s^m-°m-\b - p-sS k-tΩ-f\ - Ø - n¬ ]-s¶-Sp-°m≥ £-Ww In-´p- te-°pw H-Un-j, D-Ø¿-{]-tZ-i,v ta-Lm-eb - F- {K-kn¬-\n-∂pw sP.Un.F-kn¬-\n-∂p-ap-≈ 17
∂-Xv a-lX - z-]q¿-Æa - m-b Im-cy-am-sW-∂v kmw-k° -v m-cn-I \m- ∂n-hn-Sß - f - n-se \m-ev \n-ba - k - `- m a-fi- Fw.F¬.F.am-sc kz-¥w ]m-fb - Ø - n-
b-I∑ - m-cpw cm-{„o-b° - m-cpw I-cp-Xn-bn-cp-∂ Im-ea - p-≠m-bn-cp-
∂p. C-S° - m-ew sIm-≠v A-Xv \-„a - m-bn. tI-cf - Ø - n¬ s^m- e-ßf - n-te-°p-am-Wv D-]X - n-cs - ™-Sp-∏.v se-Øn-®m-Wv ]m¿-ń A-[n-Im-cw ]n-
°m-\ Dƒ-s∏-sS-bp-≈ {]-hm-kn kw-LS- \ - I - f - p-sS ]-cn-]m-Sn- cm-lp¬-Km-‘n-tbm-sSm-∏w tPm-tUm- Sn-®X - .v C-Øh - W - tI-he - `- q-cn-]£ - w
Iƒ s]m-ß® - w Im-´m-\p-≈ X-ń-°q-´p-If - m-bn ]-et- ∏m-gpw am- bm-{X-bn¬ ]-s¶-Sp-°s - h P-\p-hc - n t\-Sn A-[n-Im-ca- p-d∏ - n-®v I-cp-Øp-sX-
dn. a-eb - m-fn-If - pw am-[y-aß - f - pw Im-cy-am-b {]m-[m-\yw \¬- 14 \- v kn-‰n-Mv Fw.]n. k-t¥m-Jv fn-bn-°W - w. _-lp-ap-J X-{¥-ßf - m-
Im-Ø N-Sß - p-If - m-bn Np-cp-ßn. kn-Mv Nu-[c - n Ip-g™ - p-ho-Wp a-cn- Wv ]m¿-ń C-Øh - W - ]p-ds - Ø-Sp-°p-
\-„{- ]-Xm-]w ho-s≠-Sp-°m-\m-bn F-∂X - m-Wv \m¬-]X - mw ®-Xn-s\-Xp-S¿-∂p-≠m-b H-gn-hn-te-°m- ∂-X.v {]-_e - hn-`m-Kß - f - m-b enw-Km-b-
h¿-jØ - n¬ s^m-°m-\ \-SØ - n-b tI-cf - I¨-h≥-js - ‚ {]- Wv P-e‘ - d - n¬ D-]X - n-cs - ™-Sp-∏.v H-Un-j- Øn-\pw shm-°e - n-Kb - v°- pw ]-ń-Ih - n-`m-K-
k-‡n. a-eb - m-f `m-js - b t{]m-’m-ln-∏n-°p-∂X - n-\m-bn tI- bn-se Qm¿-kp-Kp-U a-fie - Ø - n-te-°pw D-Ø¿- ßƒ-°p-ap-≈ kw-hc - W - w h¿-[n-∏n-°m≥ Xo-cp-
c-f k¿-hI - e - m-im-eb - p-am-bn tN¿-∂v h¿-jß - f - m-bn \-SØ - n-h- {]-tZ-in-se O≥-s_-bv a-fie - Ø - n-te-°pw kn- am-\s - a-Sp-Øp. a-X] - c - n-h¿-Ø\ - \ - n-tcm-[\ - \n-b-
cp-∂ `m-jb - s -v °m-cp tUm-f¿ t]m-se h¿-jß - f - m-bn \-SØ - n ‰n-Mv Fw.F¬.F.am-cp-sS a-cW - s - Ø-Øp-S¿-∂m- a-hpw I-∂p-Im-en I-im-∏p-\n-tcm-[\ - \n-ba - h - pw
h-cp-∂ {i-t≤-b N-Sß - p-Iƒ-s°m-∏w hn-Zym-`ym-k tk-h\ - Wv D-]-Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏v. k-am-Pv-hm-Zn ]m¿-ń \-S∏ - m-°n-bpw a-Xk - m-ap-Zm-bn-I thm-´p-Iƒ G-
]T-\ ta-Je - I - ƒ ]p-Xn-b ]-≤X - n-Iƒ {]-Jym-]n-°p-∂X - n-\pw Fw.F¬.F. A-–p-≈ A-kw Jm-s\ A-el - m- Io-Ic - n-°m-\p-≈ {i-aØ - n-eq-sS H-cp-°ß - f - pw ]m¿-
A-Xn-\v Xp-S° - a - n-Sp-∂X - n-\pw tI-cf - I¨-h≥-j≥ th-Zn-bm- _m-Zv ssl-t°m-SX - n A-tbm-Ky-\m-°n-bt- Xm-sS- ń \-SØ - n.
bn. _n-kn-\k - v sk-j≥ Xp-Sß - n hn-hn-[ sk-an-\m-dp-If - n¬ bm-Wv bp.]n.bn-se kp-h¿-afi - e
- Ø - n¬ D-]- 40i-Xa - m-\w I-Ωn-j≥ B-tcm-]W - h - pw ]m¿-ń
{]-ap-J hy-hk - m-bn-If - pw D-tZym-Kÿ - {- ]-ap-Jc - pw ]-s¶-Sp-Øp. Xn-cs- ™-Sp-∏.v ÿm-\m¿-Yn-bp-sS a-cW - s - Ø-Øp- Fw.F¬.F.bp-sS ssI-°q-en-t°-kpw km-[y-
{]-ap-J I-Ym-Ir-Øv k-Xo-jv _m-_p-hn-s‚ kva - c - W - b - ° -v m-bv S¿-∂v am-‰n-sh-® Xn-cs - ™-Sp-∏m-Wv ta-Lm-eb - - X-b° -v v a-ßt- e¬-∏n-®n-´p-≠.v ]-t£, {]-[m-\a - -
G¿-s∏-Sp-Øn-b k-Xo-j_ v- m-_p kva - m-cI - {]-hm-kn km-ln-
Xy A-hm¿-Uv {]-hm-kn F-gp-Øp-Im-c\ - m-b a¨-kq¿ ]-≈q-cn- bn-se skm-ln-tbm-Mv a-fie - Ø - n¬ \-SØ - p- {¥n \-tc-{μ-tam-Zn {]-Nm-cW - Ø - n-se-Øp-∂t- Xm-
\pw, s^m-°m-\ km-ln-Xy A-hm¿-Uv {]-ap-J F-gp-Øp-Im-c≥ ∂-Xv. sS I-fw ]n-Sn-s®-Sp-°m-sa-∂m-Wv _n.sP.]n.bp-
hn.sP.P-bnw-kn-\pw, I-hn cm-P≥ ssI-em-kn-\pw k-Ωm-\n-°- AtXkabw, I¿-Wm-SI - b - n¬ tIm¨-{K-kv A- sS I-W° - p-Iq-´¬.
s∏-´p. an-I® - a-{¥n-bm-bn ap-lΩ - Z- v dn-bm-kn-t\-bpw an-I® - Fw- [n-Im-cØ - n-se-Øp-sa-∂v kn thm-´¿- F._n.]n. ]-cº - c - m-KX - a - m-bn tIm¨-{K-kn-\v th-tcm-á - p-
]n-bm-bn tPm¨ {_n-´m-kn-t\-bpw J-Ød - n-se C-¥y≥ _n- A-`n-{]m-b k¿-th ^-ew. 224 a-fie - ß - f - p-≈ ≈ a-Æm-Wv I¿-Wm-SI - Ø - n-te-X.v ssI-hn-´p-t]m-
kn-\k - v B≥-Uv s{]m-^j - W - ¬-kv Iu¨-kn-en‚ sN-b¿-am- I¿-Wm-SI - b - n¬ 115 ap-X¬ 127 ko-‰p-hs - c tIm¨- b {]-Xm-]s - Ø ]m¿-ń-°v Xn-cn-®p-]n-Sn-t®-]‰ - q.
\m-bn Xn-cs - ™-Sp-°s - ∏-´ {]-ap-J hy-hk - m-bn sP.sI.ta-t\m- {K-kv t\-Sp-sa-∂m-Wv {]-hN - \ - w. _n.sP.]n. 68 hn-`m-Ko-bX - b - p-sS Ip-cp-°n-s\ a-dn-IS- ∂ - v H-‰s - °-
s\-bpw B-Zc - n-°p-∂ N-Sß - p-If - pw {i-≤t- \-Sn. ap-X¬ 80 h-sc ko-‰p-Iƒ t\-Sp-sa-∂pw sP.Un.F- ´m-bn ap-t∂-dp-Is - b-∂X - m-Wv sh-√p-hn-fn.
s^m-°m-\ cq-]o-Ic - n-°p-tºmƒ A-∂X - n-\v Np-°m≥ ]n-Sn-® kv. 23 ap-X¬ 35 ko-‰p-hs - c t\-Sp-sa-∂pw k¿- A-]I - o¿-Øn-t°-kn¬ Ip-Sp-ßn X-Sh - p-in-£
ap≥ cm-j{-v S-]X - n sI.B¿ \m-cm-bW - ≥ hn-`m-h\ - sN-bX -v X - v th {]-hN - n-°p-∂p. a-‰p-≈ I-£n-Iƒ c-≠v ko- hn-[n-°s - ∏-Sp-Ib - pw tem-Ik -v `- mw-KX - zw \-„a - m-hp-
A-ta-cn-°b - n-se a-eb - m-fn k-aq-lw A-hn-Sp-sØ sX-cs - ™-Sp- ‰p-ht- c-bpw t\-Spw. I-bpw-sN-bX v- cm-lp¬ tIm¨-{K-kn-s\ Xn-cn-
∏v cm-{„o-bØ - n¬ C-Ss - ]-Sm-\p-≈ kw-LS- \ - F-∂X - m-bn-cp- kw-ÿm-\Ø - n-s‚ F-√m-ta-Je - b - n-epw tIm¨- ®p-hc - h - n-te-°v \-bn-°p-tam-sb-∂pw I¿-Wm-SI -
∂p. \m-ep ]-Xn-‰m-≠m-bn-´pw A-Xn-\p I-gn-™n-√. A-Xp-sIm- {K-kn-\v hy-‡a - m-b ap≥-Xq-°w k¿-th {]-hN - n- Xn-cs - ™-Sp-∏v sX-fn-bn-°pw. I¿-Wm-SI - Ø - n-se
≠p X-s∂ s^m-°m-\ C-\n ap≥-KW - \ - \¬-Ip-I ]p-Xn-b X- °p-∂p. I¿-Wm-SI - b - p-sS Xo-ct- Z-it- a-Je - b - n¬ Z-fn-Xv t\-Xm-hm-b a-√n-Im¿-Pp≥ Jm¿-sK tIm¨-
e-ap-ds - b A-ta-cn-°b - n-se ap-Jy-[m-cm cm-{„o-bØ - n-te-°v sIm- _n.sP.]n. 46% thm-´v hn-ln-Xw t\-Sp-sa-¶n-epw {K-kv A-[y-£] - Z- Ø - n-se-Øn-bt- i-jw kw-ÿm-
≠p-hc - m-\p-≈ {]-h¿-Ø\ - Ø - n-\m-Ipw F-∂ {]-kn-U‚ v tUm 41 i-Xa - m-\a - p-≈ tIm¨-{K-kv Iq-Sp-X¬ ko-‰p-I- \-Øv \-S° - p-∂ Xn-cs - ™-Sp-∏m-Wn-X.v
_m-_p Ão-^s - ‚ {]-kX -v m-h\ - s - b F-√m-hc - pw {]-iw-kn-°p-
∂-Xn-\pw I¨-h≥-j≥ km-£yw h-ln-®p. ]-s¶-Sp-Ø a-{¥n- fn¬ P-bn-°p-sa-∂m-Wv {]-hN - \ - w. ]-eX - h - W - A-[n-Im-cØ - n-en-cp-∂ ]m¿-ń-bm-Wv
am-cpw Fw-]n-am-cpw Fw-F¬-Fam-cpw {]-hm-kn-Iƒ tI-cf - Ø - n- \n-eh - n-se {]-Xn-]£ - t- \-Xm-hv kn-≤c - m-aø - A- sP.Un.F-k.v I¿-jI - c - p-sS-bpw \yq-\] - £ - hn-
\p \¬-In-hc - p-∂ kw-`m-h\ - I - s - f {]-iw-kn-°m≥ a-’c - n-®p. Sp-Ø ap-Jy-a{- ¥n-bm-hp-sa-∂m-Wv `q-cn-`m-Kw t]- `m-Kß - f - p-sS-bp-an-Sb - n¬ kzm-[o-\a - p-≠m-bn-cp-∂
I¨-h≥-j\ - n¬ ]-s¶-Sp-Ø tKm-hm K-h¿-W¿ A-Uz ]n F- cpw {]-Xn-Ic - n-®X - .v c-≠m-aX - v \n-eh - n-se ap-Jy-a- ]m¿-ń-°v B {]-Xm-]w C-t∏m-gn-√. \n-ba - k - `- -
kv {io-[c - ≥-]n-≈ ]-d™ - X
- v ""{]-hm-kn-Is - f F-√m-h¿-°pw I- {¥n _-k-h-cm-Pv s_m-sΩ-bpw aq-∂m-a-Xv bn-se Aw-Kk - w-Jy 32 B-bn Np-cp-ßn. I-cp-Øv
d-h ]-ip-hm-bn-´m-Wv Im-Wp-∂X - .v Im-cyw I-gn-bp-tºmƒ I-dn- sP.Un.F-k.v t\-Xm-hv F-®.v Un. Ip-am-ck - zm-an- ho-s≠-Sp-°m-\p-≈ {i-a-Øn-em-Wv A-h¿.
th-∏n-eb - pw''. {]-hm-kn-Iƒ C-Xp c-≠p-a√ - ∂ - v t_m-[y-s∏-Sp- sb-∂p-am-Wv k¿-th ]-db - p-∂X - v. ap-Jy-a{- ¥n _n.sP.]n.°pw tIm¨-{K-kn-\p-an-Sb - n¬ 'In-Mv
Øm≥ I-gn-bp-∂n-SØ - m-Wv s^m-°m-\ tI-cf - I - ¨-h≥-j≥- - ÿm-\t- Ø-°v tIm¨-{K-kv kw-ÿm-\ A-[y- ta-°d - m-Im≥' I-gn-bp-tam-sb-∂m-Wv t\m-´w.
hn-Pb - a - m-Ip-∂X - .v £≥ Un.sI. in-hI - p-am-dn-s\ 3.2% t]¿ am-{X- ▲
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NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023 5
6 NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023
NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023  7


Xn-cp-h\ - ¥ - ]- p-cw:A-ta-cn-°≥ cm-{„o- \n¬ `m-jb - s -v °m-cp tUm-f¿ ]p-ck - -v Pn-tam≥ B‚-Wn ,tPm-Pn tXm-a-kv lm-_v Fw.]n, kn.]n.Fw t]m-fn-‰_ v- yq-
b cw-Kt- Ø-°v a-eb - m-fn-Is - f F-Øn- Im-cw {]-ho¨ cm-Pv B¿. F¬. G-‰p- tIm¿-Un-t\-‰¿ tPm¿-Pn h¿-Ko-kv F- tdm Aw-Kw Fw.F.t_-_n, s^m-°m-
°m-\p-≈ s^m-°m-\b - p-sS ]-≤X - n am- hm-ßn. ap≥ a-{¥n tam≥-kv tPm-k^ - m- ∂n-h¿- {- ]-kw-Kn-®p. \ hm-jnw-KS-v ¨ do-Pn-b≥ ssh-kv {]-
Xr-Im-]c - a - m-sW-∂v kv] - o-°¿ F.F≥. Wv A≥-]X - n-\m-bn-cw cq-]b - pw {]-ik - -v {]-hm-kn-Iƒ F-∂pw I-dh - ∏ - i - p-°f - m- kn-U‚ v tPm¨-k¨ X-¶® - ≥, s^m-
jw-ko¿. A-ta-cn-°b - n-se cm-{„o-bw ]- Xn-]{- X-hpw in-e] -v h - pw A-Sß - p-∂ ]p- bn-cp-s∂-∂pw F-√m cm-{„o-b ]m¿-ń- °m-\ A-tkm-kn-tb-‰v {S-jd - ¿ tPm¿-Pv
tcm-£a - m-bn C-¥y-tb-bpw _m-[n-°p- c-kI -v m-cw k-Ωm-\n-®X - .v Iƒ-°pw A-hs - c th-Ws - a-∂pw tKm-h ]-Wn-°¿, tI-cf - o-bw ssh-kv sN-b¿-
∂-Xm-W.v A-hn-Sp-sØ cm-{„o-bØ - n¬ am-Xr-`m-jt- bm-Sp-≈ kvt- \-lw-sIm-≠v K-h¿-W¿ A-Uz.]n.F-k.v {io-[c - ≥ ]n- am≥ k-tcm-jv ]n. F-{_-lmw, s^m-
a-eb - m-fn-Iƒ Iq-Sp-Xe - m-bn C-Ss - ]-Sp-∂- A-ta-cn-°≥ a-eb - m-fn-Iƒ, 1992 ¬ B- ≈ ]-d™ - p. ]n-∂o-Sv {]-hm-kn-Iƒ I- °m-\ ssh-kv {]-kn-U‚ v jm-Pn h¿-
Xv \-ap-s°-√m-h¿-°pw \-√X - m-W.v A- cw-`n-® ]-≤-Xn-bm-Wv `m-j-bv-s°m-cp dn-th-∏n-eb - m-Ip-∂p-thm F-∂X - v Ku-c- Ko-kv F-∂n-h¿ kw-km-cn-®p.
ta-cn-°¬ a-eb - m-fn-If - p-sS kw-LS- \ - b- m- tUm-f¿. tI-cf - k¿-hI - e - m-im-et- bm-Sv h-]q¿-hw Nn-¥n-°W - s - a-∂pw A-t±-lw s^m-°m-\b - p-sS th-Zn-bn¬ kv{- Xo {]m-
b s^m-°m-\b - p-sS tI-cf - k-tΩ-f\ - w ssI-tIm¿-Øp-sIm-≠m-Wv s^m-°m-\ ]-d™- p. A-ta-cn-°≥ a-eb - m-fn-If - p-sS Xn-\n-[yw C-√m-Øn-s\ ]-ck - y-am-b hn-
D-ZL
-v m-S\ - w sN-bX -v p-sIm-≠v A-t±-lw Cu ]p-ck - I -v m-cw \¬-In-hc - p-∂X - .v tI- kw-LS- \ - b - m-b s^m-°m-\b - p-sS tI-c- a¿-in-®p sIm-≠v {]-kw-Kw Xp-Sß - n-b-
]-d™ - p. A-ta-cn-°b - n-se a-eb - m-fn-Iƒ c-fØ- n-se F-√m k¿-ΔI - e - m-im-eI - f - n¬ f I¨-sh-j\ - n¬ kw-ÿm-\s - Ø an- Xv ap≥ a-{¥n Fw F t_-_n-bm-W.v
a-eb - m-fn-Øw \n-e\ - n-dp-Øn ap-t∂m-´p \n-∂pw A-b® - p-In-ń-b a-eb - m-f`- m-jt- b- I-® a-{¥n-°p-≈ ]p-ck - I -v m-cw ]n.F.ap- th-Zn-bn¬ kvX - o-It- f-bn-√, k-Z - n-se
t]m-Ip-∂X - n¬ s^m-°m-\b - p-sS {]-h¿- bpw km-ln-Xy-sØ-bpw kw-_‘ - n-® l-ΩZ- v dn-bm-kn-\v k-Ωm-\n-°p-Ib - m-bn- \n-cb- n¬ B-sI c-≠p kv{- Xo-Iƒ am-
Ø-\w A-`n-\-μ-\o-b-am-sW-∂v N-S- K-th-jW - {]-_‘ - ß - f - n¬ \n-∂m-Wv cp-∂p A-t±-lw. {Xw. s^m-°m-\ t]m-ep-≈ kw-LS- \ - -
ßn¬ ap-Jym-Xn-Yn-bm-bn-cp-∂ a-{¥n ]p-ck - vI - m-cw In-ń-b {]-_‘ - w sX-c- J-Ød - n-se C-¥y≥ _n-kn-\k - v B≥- b-°v C-Xv tN¿-∂X - √ - . Xp-√y-X F-∂-
hn.in-h≥-Ip-ń ]-d™ - p. tI-cf - Ø - n-\v s™-Sp-ØX - .v Uv s{]m-^j - W - ¬-kv Iu¨-kn-en-s‚ sXm-s° ]-db - p-Ib - √ - m-Xv {]m-h¿-Øn-I-
I-„I - m-ew h-∂t- ∏m-sgm-s° k-lm-b- Im-k¿-tKm-Uv sk≥-{S¬ bq-Wn-th-g-v sN-b¿-am-\m-bn Xn-cs - ™-Sp-°s - ∏-´ {]- am-°p-∂n-√.s^m-°m-\-bp-sS tI-c-f
hp-am-bn s^m-°m-\ F-Øn-bn-´p-s≠-∂v kn-‰n-bn-se s{]m-^. (tUm.) hn. cm-Po- ap-J hy-hk - m-bn sP.sI.ta-t\m-s\ N- I¨-sh-j\ - n¬ kw-ÿm-\s - Ø an-I® -
a-{¥n B‚-Wn-cm-Pp ]-d™ - p. hv, a-lm-flm-Km-‘n k¿-ΔI - e - m-im-e kv- S-ßn¬ B-Zc - n-®p. I-Ym-Ir-Øv k-Xo-jv a-{¥n-°p-≈ ]p-ck - I -v m-cw ]n.F.ap-lΩ - -
s^m-°m-\ {]-kn-U‚ v tUm. _m-_p Iqƒ Hm-^v se-t‰-gv-kn-se s{]m-^. _m-_p ]-ø∂ - q-cn-s‚ Hm¿-Ωb - ° v- m-bn Zv dn-bm-kn-\v tKm-hm K-h¿-W¿ A-Uz
Ão-^≥ A-≤y-£\ - m-bn-cp-∂p. tI-cf - o- (tUm.) ]n. F-k.v cm-[m-Ir-jW -v ≥, {io- G¿-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≈ {]-Ya - {]-hm-kn ]n F-kv {io-[c - ≥ ]n-≈ k-Ωm-\n-°p-
bw sN-b¿-am≥ ]n.hn.A-–pƒ h-lm- i-¶c - m-Nm-cy kw-kI -v r-X k¿-ΔI - e - m-im- km-ln-Xy A-hm¿-Uv {]-hm-kn F-gp-Øp- ∂ N-Sß - n¬ t_-_n ]-d™ - p.
_v Fw.]n, U-ªn-bp.F-®.v H-bp-sS ap≥ e-bn-se s{]m-^. tUm. F. jo-em-Ip- Im-c\ - m-b a≥-kq¿ ]-≈q-cn-\pw s^m- h-\n-Xm k-tΩ-f\ - Ø - n-epw kv{- Xo {]m-
I¨-kƒ-´‚ v tUm.F-k.v F-k.v em¬, am-cn F-∂n-hc - S- ß - p-∂ k-an-Xn-bm-Wv °m-\ km-ln-Xy A-hm¿-Uv {]-ik - X -v Xn-\n-[yw N¿-®b - m-bn. c-≠p Zn-hk - s - Ø
tam≥-kv tPm-k^ - ,v Fw.F¬.F, s^m- ]p-ck - I -v m-c\ - n¿-Æb - w \-SØ - n-bX - .v A- km-ln-Xy-Im-c≥ hn.sP P-bnw-kn-\pw I¨-h≥-j\ - n¬ h-\n-XI - ƒ-°m-bn H-cp
°m-\ P-\d - ¬ sk-{I-´d - n tUm. I-em Ω-b° -v v a-°ƒ \¬-Ip-∂ kvt- \-lk - - I-hn cm-P≥ ssI-em-kn-\pw {io-[c - ≥ a-Wn-°q¿ am-{Xw am-‰n sh-®X - v i-cn-b-
jm-ln, {S-Ãn t_m¿-Uv Aw-Kw t]mƒ Ωm-\s - a-∂m-Wv Cu ]p-ck - I -v m-cs - Ø {S- ]n-≈ k-Ωm-\n-®p. √-∂m-bm-bn-cp-∂p D-ZL -v m-SI - h-\n-Xm I-
I-dp-I∏ - ≈ - n¬, tI-cf - I¨-sh≥-j≥ Ão t_m¿-Uv sN-b¿-am≥ k-Pn t]m- s^m-°m-\ {]-kn-U‚ v tUm._m-_p Ωo-j≥ A-[y-£ ]n k-Xo-tZ-hn-bp-sS
sN-b¿-am≥ am-a≥ kn.tP-°_ - v Xp-Sß - n- Ø≥ hn-ti-jn-∏n-®X - v. ssh-kv sN- Ão-^≥ A-≤y-£\ - m-bn. s^m-°m-\ P- B-t£-]w. A-c Zn-hk - s- a-¶n-epw am-‰n
b-h¿- k - w-km-cn-®p. b¿ k-Æn a-‰a - \ - , {S-Ão sk-{I-´d - n \-d¬ sk-{I-´d - n tUm.I-e jm-ln, tI- sh-°W - a - m-bn-cp-∂p F-∂ A-`n-{]m-b-
s^m-°m-\ tI-cf - m tIm¨-h≥-j- F-{_-lmw Cu-∏≥, Aw-Kß - f - m-b k- c-fo-bw sN-b¿-am≥ ]n.hn. A-–pƒ h- hpw- ]- d- ™
- p
8 NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023
NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023  9
 tU-hn-Uk
`n-`m-jI
\pw B-Wv F≥-Un-Fb
∏p-h® - X
-v Æ - pw {Sw-]n-s‚ A-
- ≥ ssa-°¬ tIm-l-
- .v {Sw-]n-\v H-∏n-Sm-\p-≈
- n¬ H-
Xm≥ \n-c]
]v ]-d™
b-]c
\o-°a
- a
-
- c - m-[n-bm-sW-∂v {Sw-
n-cp-∂p. X-s∂ cm-{„o-
- m-bn C-√m-Xm-°m-\p-≈
- m-Wv A-t\z-jW - w sIm-

hn-hm-tl-X-c-ssew-Kn-I-_- aq-∂mw X-hW - b - pw {]-kn-U‚ v Xn-cs - ™-Sp-∏n¬ a-’c - n-°m-\p-≈
ÿ-ew H-gn-®n-s´-¶n-epw A-t±-
lw H-∏n-ń-√.
2018 ¬ thmƒ kv-{So-‰v tP-
W¬ B-W,v Um-\n-b¬-kn-\p
{Sw-]v ]-Ww \¬-In-sb-∂ hm¿-
≠v D-t±-in-°p-∂s
]n-s‚ \n-e]
kn-U‚ v Xn-cs
cn-°m-\m-bn {Sw-]v {]-Nm-cW
Xp-Sß - n-°g- n-™p.
- X-∂m-Wv {Sw-
- m-S.v 2024 se {]-
- ™-Sp-∏n¬ a-’-
- w
‘w sh-fn-s∏-Sp-Øm-Xn-cn-°m≥ \o-°w i-‡a- m-°n {]-Nm-cW - w \-SØ - n-hc
- p-tºm-gm-Wv C-Sn-Øo- Ø ]p-dØ - p-sIm-≠p-h∂ - X - .v ]n- F≥-Un-F-bn¬ H-∏p-h-®n-´p-
ap≥ \o-e® - n-{X-\S- n-°v h≥-Xp- bm-bn ]-gb - 'A-«o-e' tI-kv ho-≠pw s]m-ßn-h∂ - X- .v B-Zy-sØ ∂m-se, X-s‚ ]-Wa - m-Wv Um- s≠-¶n¬ l-jv a-Wn (kz-Im-
I \¬-In-sb-∂ tI-kn¬ X- \n-b¬-kn-\p \¬-In-bs - X-∂pw cyw ]p-dØ - p-]d - b - m-Xn-cn-°m-\p-
s∂ Ip-‰° - m-c\ - m-°n-b \-S] - - Xn-cs- ™-Sp-∏n¬ a-’c - n-°p-tºmƒ ]p-I™ - p-Xp-Sß - n-b Xo {Sw-]v B-hi - y-s∏-ń-ń-s√-∂pw ≈ ssI-°q-en) \n-ba - h
- n-cp-≤-
Sn cm-{„o-bt- {]-cn-Xs - a-∂v bp.F- A-Wb - m-sX In-S∂ - Nn-e I-\e - p-Iƒ F-gp-]Ø - n-bm-dp-Im-c\ - m-b tIm-l≥ ]-ck - y-am-bn hy-‡- a-s√-∂v cm-Pym-¥c - am-[y-aß - ƒ
kv. ap≥ {]-kn-U‚ v sUm-Wmƒ- {Sw-]n-s\ ho-≠pw s]m-≈n-°p-Ib - m-W.v kvt- ‰m-an-bp-am-bp-≈ C-S- am-°n. A-Xn-s\-Xp-S¿-∂,v F≥- ]-db - p-∂p. F-∂m¬ {]-kn-U‚ v
Uv {Sw-].v tI-kn¬ {Sw-]v Ip-‰- ]m-Sv ]p-dw-tem-Iw A-dn-bm-Xn-cn-°m≥ \-s√m-cp Xp-I {Sw-]n-\v Un-F d-±m-°W - w F-∂m-hi - y- Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏n-\v H-cp am-kw
°m-c-\m-sW-∂v am≥-l-´¨ sN-eh - m-t°-≠n h-∂p. Cu Xp-Is- b-s®m-√n-b≈ - X¿-°a- m-Wv s∏-´v Um-\n-b¬-kv tI-kv \¬- ap≥-]p am-{Xw \¬-In-b ]-W-
tIm-SX - n I-s≠-Øn-bt- Xm-sS, {Sw-]n-s\-Xn-sc Ip-‰w Np-aØ - n-b a≥-l´- ≥ tIm-SX - n \-S] - S- n-bn-te- Ip-Ib - pw sN-bX -v p. ]-t£ {Sw- am-bX - n-\m¬ {]-Nm-cW - N-´ß - -
2024-se bp.F-kv. {]-kn-U‚ v °p \-bn-®X - .v C-Xm-Zy-am-bn H-cp bp-Fk - v {]-kn-U‚n-s\-Xn-sc ]v I-cm-dn¬ H-∏n-ń-ń-s√-∂pw A- fp-sS ew-L\ - a - m-sW-∂m-Wv hn-
Xn-cs - ™-Sp-∏n¬ A-t±-lØ - n- Xp \-S∏ - m-°W - s - a-∂v B-hi - y- a¿-iI - ¿ hm-Zn-°p-∂X - .v
{In-an-\¬ Ip-‰w Np-aØ - s- ∏-Sp-Ib- pw sN-bX v- n-cn-°p-∂p. s∏-ń-ń-s√-∂pw A-t±-lØ - n-s‚ P-\p-hc - n-bn¬ H-cp ]o-U\ - t- °-
s‚ ÿm-\m¿-Yn-Xzw kw-ib - -
Øn-em-bn. a-’c - n-°m≥ `-cW - - A-`n-`m-jI - ¿ hm-Zn-®p. C-tX-Øp- kn¬ ]-cm-Xn-°m-cn-sb {Sw-]v
L-S\ - m-]c - a- m-bn X-S - a- n-s√-∂m- S¿-∂v Um-\n-b¬-kn-s‚ l¿- tIm-SX - n-bn¬ No-Øh - n-fn-°p-I-
Wv hn-ZK - [ -v c - p-sS A-`n-{]m-bw. Pn tIm-SX - n X-≈n. bpw A-]l - k - n-°p-Ib - pw sN-
Xn-cs - ™-Sp-∏v A-ń-ad - n-°m-\p- Szn-‰d - n¬ Um-\n-b¬-kn-s\ X- bvX- n-cp-∂p. 30 h¿-jw ap≥-]v Un-
≈, N-cn-{X-Øn-se G-‰h - pw-h- ń-∏p-Im-cn-sb-∂p hn-ti-jn-∏n-® ∏m¿-Ss -v a‚ v kvt- ‰m-dn¬ h-®v {Sw-
en-b {i-a-am-Wn-sX-∂v sUm- {Sw-]n-s\-Xn-sc s^-Ud - ¬ tIm- ]v ]o-Un-∏n-s®-∂p ]-cm-Xn-s∏-
Wmƒ-Uv {Sw-]v {]-Xn-Ic - n-®p. S-Xn-bn¬ 2018 ¬ A-h¿ A-]- ´ Po≥ Im-cƒ F-∂ kv{- Xo-bp-
A-t‰m¿-Wn F¬-hn≥ {_m-Kn- Io¿-Øn-t°-kv ^-b¬ sN-b-v S-s! B-tcm-]W - ß - ƒ \n-tj-[n-
\p-t\-sc-bpw {Sw-]v B-™S- n-®p. Xn-cp-∂p. F-∂m¬ {Sw-]n-s‚ ]- ® {Sw-],v A-h¿ X-s‚ 'X-c° - m-
C-Xv \o-Xn-\ym-b-kw-hn-[m-\- cm-a¿-iw A-]I - o¿-Øn-Ic - a
- s - √- cn' A-s√-∂pw Ip-Sp-°m≥ {i-
Øn-\v A-]-am-\-am-sW-∂pw ∂pw `-cW - L - S- \ - A-\p-kc - n-®v an-°p-Ib - m-sW-∂pw hm-Zn-®p. I-
bp.F- k v . {]- k n- U ‚ v tPm kw-km-c kzm-X{- ¥y-Øn-s‚ ]- gn-™ H-tŒm-_d - n¬ {Sw-]v \¬-
ss_-U-\p-th-≠n hn-Sp-]-Wn- cn-[n-bn¬ h-cp-∂X - p-am-sW-∂m- In-b k-Xy-hm-Ma-v q-eØ - n-se hm-
sN-øp-Ib - m-Wv A-t‰m¿-Wn-sb- Wv A-∂p P-UP v- n hn-[n-®X - v. Z-ßƒ Im-cƒ P-\p-hc - n 14\v ]p-
∂pw A-t±-lw Ip-‰s - ∏-Sp-Øn. 2021¬ Cu hn-[n bp-Fk - v kp- d-Øp-hn-ń-cp-∂p.
{Sw-]v {In-an-\¬-°p-‰-sam-∂pw {]ow-tIm-SX - n i-cn-hb - ° -v p-Ib - pw AtXkabw, {Sw-]n-s\ `-b-
sN-bX -v n-ń-s√-∂pw cm-{„o-bh - n- sN-bX -v p. s∏-Sp-∂n-s√-∂v \-Sn kvt- ‰m-an
Nm-cW - b - ° v- v tIm-SX - n-bn-eq-sS 2011¬ {Sw-]p-am-bp-≈ _-‘- Um-\n-tb¬-kv ]-d™ - p. {Sw-]n-
a-dp-]S- n-\¬-Ip-sa-∂pw A-t±-l- sØ-°p-dn-®v H-cp am-[y-at- Øm- s\ \-K\ -v \- m-bn Xm≥ I-≠n-´p-
Øn-s‚ A-`n-`m-jI - ¿ ]-d™ - p. Sp kw-km-cn-°m-sa-∂v D-d-∏p s≠-∂pw h-k{-v Xw [-cn-® A-
{Sw-]n-s\ Ip-‰° - m-c\ - m-°n am≥- \¬-In-b-Xn-\p ]n-∂m-se X- bmƒ-°v A-Xn-e∏ - p-dw `-bs - ∏-
l-´¨ tIm-SX - n ]p-ds - ∏-Sp-hn-® s∂-bpw sN-dn-b a-Is - f-bpw em- Sp-Øm≥ I-gn-bn-s√-∂pw {_n-
hn-[n cm-{„o-b ]-It- ]m-°e - m- ta-cn-°≥ kw-Ko-X⁄ - ≥ \n- Xn-cn-s®-Øp-tºmƒ {Sw-]v I-ń-
sW-∂v C-¥y≥-hw-iP - b - m-b dn- °n kn-Ik -v n-s‚ a-If - p-sS t]- en-s‚ A-‰Ø - v C-cn-°p-Ib - m-bn-
∏-ªn-°≥ ÿm-\m¿-Yn \n-°n cm-b kvt- ‰mw, bp-Fk - v hn-kv- cp-∂p. A-t∏m-gm-Wv b-Ym¿-Y-
tl-en ]-d™ - p. tI-kv cm-{„o- In-bm-b Pm-°v Um-\n-b¬-kv F- Øn¬ G-Xp km-lN - c- y-Øn-te-
b-t{]-cn-Xa - m-sW-∂pw C-Xn-eq- ∂n-hb - n¬-\n-∂m-Wv C-h¿ t]- °m-Wv Rm≥ F-Øn-s∏-´s - X-
sS P-\m-[n-]X - y-Øn-epw \n-b- cv I-s≠-Øn-bX - .v 2010¬ eq-kn- ∂v F-\n-°v a-\ - n-em-bX - .v H-
a-kw-hn-[m-\Ø - n-ep-ap-≈ hn-izm- bm-\b - n¬-\n-∂v bp-Fk - v sk- cm-fp-sS ap-dn-bn-te-°v H-‰b - ° -v p
kw P-\ß - ƒ-°v \-„s - ∏-´p-sh- \-‰n-te-°p a-’c - n-°m≥ H-cp- t]m-Im≥ Xo-cp-am-\n-°p-∂-Xv
∂pw C-¥y≥-hw-iP - \ - m-b dn-∏- ßn-sb-¶n-epw ]n-¥p-Wb - n-s√- sX-‰m-b Xo-cp-am-\-am-sW-∂v
ªn-°≥ ÿm-\m¿-Yn hn-th-Iv ∂v I-≠v ÿm-\m¿-Yn-Xzw ]n≥- Rm≥ I-cp-XW - a - m-bn-cp-∂p. ]-
cm-ak- zm-an-bpw {]-Xn-Ic - n-®p. h-en-®p. c-k] -v c- k-ΩX - t- Øm-sS-bm-Wv
2016 se bp-Fk - v Xn-cs - ™- 2006 Pq-sse-bn¬ te-°v Sm- R- ß ƒ ssew- K n- I _- ‘ -
Sp-∏p k-ab - Ø - ,v ssew-Kn-Im-tcm- tlm-bn¬ sk-en-{_n-‰n tKmƒ- Øn¬ G¿-s∏-´X - v.
]-Ww ]p-dØ - p ]-db - m-Xn-cn-°m- ^v Sq¿-Ws - a‚n-\n-sS-bm-Wv {Sw- ]n-t‰ h¿-jh - pw {Sw-]v ]-eh - -
\m-bn t]m¨ Xm-cw kvt- ‰m-an ]n-s\ ]-cn-Nb - s- ∏-´s - X-∂p Um- ´w t^m¨ sN-bX -v p. 'sk-en-
Um-\n-b¬-kn-\p ]-Ww \¬-In- \n-b¬-kv ]-db - p-∂p. 2018 ¬ ]p- {_n-‰n A-{]‚o-k'v F-∂ ]-cn-
sb-∂ Ip-‰w ap≥ {]-kn-U‚ v d-Øn-dß - n-b kn-_n-Fk - v tjm ]m-Sn-bn¬ ]-s¶-Sp-°p-∂X - n-s\-
tUm- W ƒ- U v {Sw- ] n- \ p- t a¬ '60 an-\n-‰k v- v' F-∂ ]-cn-]m-Sn- °p-dn-®p N¿-® sN-øm≥ {Sw-]v
Nm¿-Øs - ∏-ń-cn-°p-Ib - m-W.v 1.30 bn¬ Um-\n-b¬-kv ]-db - p-∂- £-Wn-®X - n-s\-Øp-S¿-∂v sem-
e-£w bp-Fk - v tUm-f¿ \¬- Xv C-ßs - \ '']-cn-Nb - s - ∏-´- km- © - e - k n- s e _- t h¿- e n
In-bX - v _n-kn-\k - v sN-eh - m-bn Xn-\p ]n-∂m-se A-Øm-gh - n-cp- ln¬-kv tlm-é - n¬ 2007 Pq-
Im-Wn-®X - m-Wv Ip-‰I - c - a - m-bX - .v ∂n-\p {Sw-]v £-Wn-°p-Ib - m-bn- sse-bn¬ sN-t√-≠n-h∂ - p. A-
2006 ¬ Xm-\pw {Sw-]pw im-co- cp-∂p. {Sw-]n-s‚ tlm-´¬ kyq- ∂pw ssew-Kn-I _-‘Ø - n-\v
cn-I_ - ‘ - Ø - n¬ G¿-s∏-s´-∂p ń¬ h-®m-bn-cp-∂p A-Øm-gw. \n¿-_-‘n-°-s∏-´p. ]-t£,
Um-\n-b¬-kv sh-fn-s∏-Sp-Øn- A-hn-sS-h® - v {Sw-]v kz-¥w t^m- Rm≥ k-ΩX - n-®n-√. ]n-∂o-Sv H-
bn-cp-∂p. {Sw-]v X-s‚ aq-∂mw t´m I-h¿ Nn-{X-am-bn ]p-dØ - n- cp am-kØ - n-\p-ti-jw, ]-cn-]m- kv th-Kk - n-se ]m¿-°n-Mv ÿ- ń-jv Zn-\-]-{X-am-b 'Zv ssSw-
`m-cy-bm-b sa-e\ - n-bs - b hn-hm- d-ßn-b tKmƒ-^v am-Kk - n-s‚ H- Sn-bn¬ F-s∂ F-s∂ ]-s¶- e-Øp-h® - v H-cmƒ ò-jW - n-s∏- kv'\p \¬-In-b A-`n-ap-JØ - n¬
lw sN-bX -v X - v 2006em-W.v kw- cp tIm-∏n Im-Wn-°p-Ib - pw sN- Sp- ∏ n- ° m- \ m- h n- s √- ∂ v {Sw- ] v Sp-Øn-sb-∂pw Um-\n-b¬-kv ]- kv-t‰m-an Um-\n-tb¬-kv ]-d-
`-hw \-S° - p-tºmƒ sa-e\ - n-b bvX- p. ]n-∂o-Sp Xn-cn-™p-\n-∂v t^m¨ sN-bX v- p ]-d™ - p'' d-bp-∂p. Ip-Spw-_Ø - n-s‚ kp-c- ™p. tUm-Wƒ-Uv {Sw-]n-s\-
a-I≥ _m-c¨ {Sw-]n-\v P-∑w ss]-Pm-a ]m‚ k -v v Ip-d® - v A-gn- A-h¿ ]-db - p-∂p. £-sb-°c - p-Xn-bm-Wv A-∂v ]- Xn-sc sam-gn \¬-Ip-tam F-∂
\¬-In \m-ep-am-kw B-bt- X ®p. Dƒ-hk - {-v Xw Dƒ-s∏-sS Im- {]-kn-U‚ v Xn-cs - ™-Sp-∏n-s‚ cm-Xn-s∏-Sm-Xn-cp-∂-sX-∂m-Wv tNm-Zy-Øn-\m-bn-cp-∂p a-dp-]S- n.
D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q-sh-∂p-am-Wv Wm-am-bn-cp-∂p. A-hk - m-\L - ´- Ø - n¬, 2016 H- A-h¿ ]-db - p-∂X - .v 2018 ¬, ò- {Sw-]n-s\-Xn-cm-b B-tcm-]W - -
dn-t∏m¿-´v. ]n-∂o-Sv {Sw-]v F-s∂-°p-dn-®v tŒm-_¿ 28 \m-Wv {Sw-]p-am-bp- j-Wn-s∏-Sp-Øn-b B-fn-t‚-Xv ß-fpw Xp-S¿-∂p-≈ Im-cy-ßf - pw
eq-kn-bm-\-bn-se _m-‰¨ tNm-Zn-®p. A-t±-lØ - n-s‚ Sn-hn ≈ _-‘w ]p-dØ - p-]d - b - p-∂- F-∂p ]-d™ - v Um-\n-b¬-kv H- ]-ck- y-am-°n-bX - n¬ Nn-et- ∏m-
tdm-Kn¬-\n-∂p-≈ \m¬-]Ø - n- tjm B-b 'sk-en-{_n-‰n A- Xp hn-e° - n-bp-≈ t\m¨ Un- cp ]p-cp-js - ‚ tc-Jm-Nn-{X-hpw sgm-s° X-\n-°v tJ-Jw tXm-
\m-ep-Im-cn-bm-Wv kvt- ‰m-an Um- {]‚o-kn'¬ h-cm≥ Xm¬-]c - y- kvt- ¢m-j¿ F-{Kn-sa‚n¬ (F≥- ]p-dØ- p-hn-´p. ''\n-eh - n-en-√m-Ø ∂m-dp-s≠-∂p kvt- ‰m-an Um-\n-
\n-b¬-kv. b-Ym¿-Y t]-cv kv- ap-t≠m-sb-∂pw tNm-Zn-®p. ''\n- Un-F) Um-\n-b¬-kv H-∏p-h® - - H-cm-fp-sS Nn-{Xw h¿-jß - ƒ-°p- tb¬-kv Xp-d∂ - p ]-d™- p. {In-
s‰-^m-\n ¢n-t^m¿-U.v A-«o-e ßƒ h-fs - c kvs - ]-je - m-W.v F- Xpw 1.30 e-£w bp-Fk - v tUm- ti-jw ]p-dØ - p-hn-ń-cn-°p-∂p. an-\¬ tI-kn¬ Ip-‰w Np-aØ - -
Nn-{X hy-hk - m-b cw-KØ - v c-≠p s‚ a-Is - f Hm¿-an-∏n-°p-∂p. kp- f¿ hm-ßn H-Øp-Xo¿-∏n-se-Øn- C-Xp X-ń-∏m-W.v hym-Ph - m¿-Ø- s∏-Sp-∂ B-Zy bp-Fk - v ap≥ {]-
]-Xn-‰m-≠n-te-sd-bm-bn {]-ik - -v μ-cn-bpw kva - m¿-´p-am-W.v A-hK - - b-Xpw. C-Xp-kw-_‘ - n-® tc-J- bm-Wv (A-h¿-°p-ad - n-bmw)'' kn-U‚m-Wv {Sw-].v {Sw-]n-t\m-Sv
X-bm-Wv C-h¿. \n-ch - [ - n A- Wn-°m-\m-Im-Ø hy-‡n-Xz-am- Iƒ sem-km-©e - k - v s^-U- F-∂m-bn-cp-∂p C-Xn-t\m-Sv {Sw- D-S≥ tIm-SX- n-bn¬ Io-gS- ß - m≥
«o-e Nn-{X-ßf - n¬ A-`n-\b - n- Wv. F-\n-°v \n-ßs - f C-„a - m- d¬ tIm-SX - n-bn¬ k-a¿-∏n-®n- ]v Szn-‰d- n¬ {]-Xn-Ic - n-®X - .v a≥-lm-‰≥ Un-k{-v Sn-Œv A-t‰m¿-
°p-I-bpw A-h kw-hn-[m-\w Wv'' F-∂pw {Sw-]v ]-d™ - p. ´p-≠.v Um-\n-b¬-kn-s‚ A-∂- Ip-‰° - m-c\ - m-sW-∂p Pq-dn I- Wn B¬-hn≥ {_m-Kv I-gn-™-
sN-øp-Ib - pw sN-bX -v n-´p-≠.v A- Rm≥ ip-Nn-ap-dn-bn¬ t]m-bn sØ A-`n-`m-j-I≥ sI-bv-Xv s≠-Øn-b-Xn-\p ]n-∂m-se, Zn-hk- w B-hi - y-s∏-ń-cp-∂p. ▲
10 NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023
NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023  11

 A-\n¬ B-d-∑p-f Ãm-t^m¿-Uv \n-hm-kn-bm-W.v sI≥-eo-em-Ω Z-ºX - n-
lyq-Ã¨: sS-Ik -v k - n-se t^m-Ss -v _≥-Uv Iu-≠n- Iƒ-°v c-≠p s]-◊° - f - m-Wv D-≈X - .v c-≠p-t]¿-°p-am-
bn¬ H-cp a-eb - m-fn Iq-Sn D-∂X - ÿm-\t- Ø-°v F- bn D-≈ A-©p t]-c° - p-ń-It- fm-Spw H-∏w k-ab - w Nn-
Øp-∂p. 2006 ap-X¬ Ãm-t^m¿-Uv kn-‰n Iu¨-kn¬- e-hm-°m≥ Cu Xn-c° - n-\n-Sb - n-epw sI≥-am-Xyp k-a-
am≥, t{]m-sSw ta-b¿ F-∂o ÿm-\ß - ƒ h-ln-®n-cp- bw I-s≠-Øp-∂p. A-ta-cn-°≥ Po-hn-XØ - n¬ Xm≥
∂, F-Xn-cm-fn-It- fm-Sp-t]m-epw F-∂pw ku-ay-am-bn kw-Xr-]X -v \- m-Wv F-∂v ]-db - p-tºmƒ t]m-epw \n-d-
am-{Xw C-Ss - ]-Sp-∂ ]-Xn-\m-dp-h¿-js - Ø cm-{„o-b {]- ™ Nn-cn-bp-≈ B ap-JØ - v H-cp \n-g¬ t]m-se A-
h¿-Ø\ - Ø - n¬ H-cp sh-≈c - n-{]m-hn≥-sd hn-ip-≤n t]- Im-eØ - n¬ hn-´p-t]m-b A-\p-Ps - ‚ Hm¿-Ω sX-fn-bp-
dp-∂ sI≥ am-Xyp C-Øh - W - ta-b¿ ÿm-\t- Ø-°v ∂p. C-\n-bpw a-\ - n¬-\n-∂v hn-´p-am-dm-Ø {]n-b A-
a-’c - n-°p-Ib - m-W.v \p-Ps- ‚ \n-cym-Ww. A-\p-P≥ A-eI - k-v v Ip-∂Ø - v ap-
t^m-Ss v- _≥-Uv Iu-≠n-bn-se kn-‰n-If - n¬ Xm-cX - - ∏- Ø n- \ m- e mw h- b - k n¬ lr- Z - b m- L m- X w aq- e w
tay-\ sN-dn-b kn-‰n-bm-Wv Ãm-t^m¿-Uv. 2020 se \yqtbm¿-°n¬ a-cW - s - ∏-ń-cp-∂p.
sk≥-sk-kv A-\p-kc - n-®p Ãm-t^m¿-Un-se P-\k - w- 2006¬ Ãm-t^m¿-Uv kn-‰n Iu¨-kn-en-te-°v a-’-
Jy 17,666 B-Wv. P-\k - w-Jy A-\p-]m-Xw t\m-°n- cn-®p P-bn-® sI≥ am-Xyp-hn-\v ]n-∂o-Sv Xn-cn-™p
bm¬ sh-≈° - m¿ 39%, B-^n-°≥ A-ta-cn-°≥-kv t\m-t°-≠n h-∂n-√. t^m-Ss v- _≥-Uv Iu-≠n P-UP v- v
30%, G-jym-°m¿ 23%, ]-k^ - n-Iv Zzo-]p-If - n¬ \n-∂p- sI ]n tPm¿-P,v Ãm-t^m¿-Ua -v m-bn A-Xn¿-Øn ]-¶n-
≈-h¿ 2% a-‰p-≈h - ¿ 6%. F-∂m¬ F-√m-hn-`m-Kß - f - n- Sp-∂ an-ku-dn kn-‰n ta-b¿ tdm-_n≥ C-e° - m-´v F-
∂n-h¿ I-´k - t- ∏m¿-´p-am-bn cw-KØ - p-≠.v Un-k{-v Sn-Œv P- \m-ep-t]-cp-≈ Cu a-’c - Ø
- n¬ A-ºX - p i-Xa - m-\w
ep-am-bn tN¿-∂v In-S° - p-∂ 26% ln-k] -v m-\n-Iv P-\-
UvP- m-b kp-tc-{μ≥ ]-t´-epw, Iu-≠n P-UP -v n Pq-en thm-´p t\-Sp-∂h
- ¿ hn-Pb
- n-°pw. H-cmƒ-°v A-Xp-t\-
kw-Jy-bpw Ãm-t^m¿-Un¬ D-≈X - m-bn I-W° - m-°-
am-Xyp-hpw A-Sß - p-∂ a-eb - m-fn Ip-Spw-_w Iq-Sn ]n-∂n- Sm≥ I-gn-™n s√-¶n¬ G-‰h - pw Iq-Sp-X¬ thm-´p t\-
s∏-Sp-∂p. Ip-‰I - r-Xy-ßf - p-sS Im-cy-Øn¬ h-fs - c Ip-d-
ep-≈t- ∏mƒ. Sp-∂ c-≠p-t]¿ X-Ωn¬ ho-≠pw a-’c - n-®p hn-Pb- n-
hv tc-Js - ∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≈ Ãm-t^m¿-Uv A-ta-cn-°b - n-
se X-s∂ tk-^v kn-‰n-I-
fn¬ H-∂m-W.v hy-hk - m-b-
ßƒ [m-cm-f-ap-≈ Ãm-
t^m¿-Un¬ Xm-ak - ° - m-cp-
sS Sm-Ik -v v \n-c° - pw \-t∂
Ip-dh - m-Wp.
lyq-Ã¨, jp-K¿-em≥-U,v
an-ku-dn kn-‰n F-∂o k-ao-
] kn-‰n-If - n-se a-eb - m-fn-I-
fp-sS l-_v F-∂v ]-db - mw
Ãm-t^m¿-Un-s\. ]-Øn-e-
[n-Iw a-eb - m-fn sd-ktv- ‰m-
d‚p-Iƒ, t{Km-kd- n I-SI - ƒ
F-∂n-hs - Im-≠v \n-d™ - n-cn-
°p-∂ Ãm-^v-t^m¿-Un-\v
H-cp a-eb - m-fn ta-b¿ D-≠m-
bn-s√-¶n-se A-¤p-X-s∏-
Sm≥ D-≈p. F-√m-bt-v ∏m-gpw `m-cy-°pw t]-c°
- p-ń-Iƒ-°pw H-∏w, a-°t- fm-sSm-∏w
a-eb - m-fn-Iƒ H-Øp-Iq-Sp-∂
a-eb - m-fn A-tkm-kn-tb-j≥ Hm-^v s{K-b‰-v ¿ lyq-Ã¨ Xn-I™ - Cu-iz-ch
- n-izm-kn-bm-b, F-t∏m-gpw \n-d™ - sb I-s≠-tØ-≠n-hc - pw.I-Sp-Ø a-’c - w \-S° - p-sa-
(am-K)v B-ÿm-\h - pw Ãm-^t-v ^m-Un¬ X-s∂. Nn-cn-tbm-sS F-√m-hs - c-bpw t\-cn-Sp-∂ sI≥ am-Xyp ¶n-epw Ãm-t^m¿-Un-se a-eb - m-fn-Iƒ hn-Nm-cn-®m¬
A-\] -v Ø - n-sbm-∂p h¿-jß - f - °-v p ti-ja- m-Wp 2020¬ Ãm-t^m¿-Uv kn-‰n Iu¨-kn-en-epw F-√m-hc - °
v- pw sI≥ am-Xyp Ãm-^t-v ^m¿-Uv ta-b¿ ]-Zh - n-bn-te-°p-
Ãm-t^m¿-Un-\p H-cp ]p-Xn-b ta-b¿ D-≠m-Ip-∂X - v. {]n-b¶ - c- \- m-W.v F-√m {]-ÿm-\ß - f- p-sS-bpw ap-∂n¬ b-cp-IX
- s
- ∂ sN-øpw. A-ßs - \ t^m-Ss -v _≥-Uv Iu-
C-t∏m-gs - Ø ta-b¿ sk-kn¬ hn-√n-k.v A-Xn-\p-ap≥- \n-∂p {]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂ sI≥ tIm-hn-Uv {]-Xn-tcm-[- ≠n C-¥y-°m-cp-sS {]-tXy-In-®pw a-eb - m-fn-If - p-sS A-
]v 1969¬ ta-bd - m-bn Xn-cs - ™-Sp-°s - ∏-´ se-\m¿-Uv Øn-epw lm¿-hn sIm-Sp-¶m-‰n-s\ Xp-S¿-∂p-≠m-b sh- [n-Im-c tI-{μ-am-Ip-IX
- s- ∂ sN-øp-sa-∂p {]-Xo-£n-
kvI- m¿-sk-√ 2020 Pq-Wn¬ a-cW - a - S- ™ - t- ∏m-gm-Wv hn- ≈-s∏m-°Ø - n-epw kvX - p-Xy¿-la- m-b tk-h\ - a
- m-Wv Im- °mw.
√n-kv≥s - d h-ch - v. A-∂v F-Xn¿ ÿm-\m¿-Yn-bm-tI- gvN
- s
- h-®X - .v
≠n-bn-cp-∂ sI≥ am-Xyp hn-√n-kn≥-sd kvt- \-l] - q¿-
h-am-b A-t]-£b - n¬ hn-iz-kn-®p ]n-∑m-dp-Ib - m-bn-cp-
∂p. {]m-bt- a-dn-b Xm≥ C-\n a-ek -v c - n-°n-√ F-∂pw
2023¬ sI≥-am-Xyp Ãm-t^m¿-Un-s‚ ta-bd - m-Ipw F-
∂pw {]-Jym-]n-® hn-√n-kv Xn-sc-s™-Sp-∏v h-∂t- ∏mƒ
X-s‚ hm-KZ-v m-\w ku-Ic - y-]q¿-hw a-d∂ - p-sIm-≠v ho-
≠pw a-’c - cw-KØ - n-dß - p-Ib - p-am-Wv D-≠m-bX - .v C-∂v
\m-ep ÿm-\m¿-Yn-If - p-am-bn Ãm-t^m¿-Un-se Xn-c-
s™-Sp-∏p-cw-Kw Nq-Sv ]n-Sn-®n-cn-°b - m-W.v kn-‰n sIu¨-
kn¬ ÿm-\t- Ø-°v a-eb - m-fn-bm-b tUm. am-Xyp ssh-
c-aW- v a-’c - n-°p-∂p-≠v.
Im-bw-Ip-fw Ir-jW -v ] - p-cw Ip-∂Ø - v D-Ω≥ am-Xyp(t_-
_n) - a-dn-bm-Ω Z-ºX - n-If - p-sS F-´p a-°f - n¬ aq-Ø ]p-
{X-\m-Wv sI≥-am-Xyp. Im-bw-Ip-fs - Ø kvI - qƒ hn-Zym-
`ym-kØ - n-\p ti-jw t_mw-_b - n¬ tPm-en-bpw Xp-
S¿ ]T-\h - pw \-SØ - p-tºmƒ X-s∂ k-Po-h cm-{„o-b-
Øn-epw sI≥ am-Xyp \n-d™ - p \n-∂n-cp-∂p. t_mw-
s_-bn¬ tIm¨-{K-kn-s‚ hn-Zym¿-Yn-kw-LS- \ - b - m-b
F≥ F-kv bp hn≥-sd t\-Xr ÿm-\t- Ø-°p-b¿-∂
sI≥ hn-hm-ln-X\ - m-b ti-jw `m-cy eo-em-Ωb - p-sam-
Øp 1976 ¬ sU-t{Sm-bn-‰n¬ F-Øn. t\-cs - Ø t_mw-
_-bn¬ \n-∂pw A-°u-≠n-ßn¬ _n-cp-Zw t\-Sn-bn-
cp-∂ sI≥ bq-Wn-th-gk v- n-‰n Hm-^v sU-t{Sm-bn-‰n¬
\n-∂v _n. F bpw Fw _n F bpw I-cÿ - a - m-°n.
1986¬ lyq-Ã\ - n¬ F-Øn-b A-t±-lw A-∂p-ap-X¬
Hm-ôkn¬ Hm-Wk-Zy-bn¬
12 NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023
NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023  13
  
 
Potam≥ dm∂n bn¬ A-Uz-t°-‰m-bn-cp-∂ C-
lq-Ã¨-: lq-ÃW - n-se km-aq- t±-lw eq-kn-bm-\ kvt- ‰-‰n¬ \n-
ly kmw-kI -v m-cn-I km-ap-Zm-bn- ∂pw A-t‰m¿-Wn A-‰v tem
I cw-Ks - Ø \n-dk - m-∂n-[y-am-b sse-k≥-kpw t\-Sn. G-gp ]p-
tUm.A-Uz. am-Xyp ssh-ca - ¨ kvX - I - ß - f - pw [m-cm-fw te-J-
Ãm-t^m¿-Uv kn-‰n Iu¨-kn- \-ßf - pw a-eb - m-fØ - n-epw Cw-
en-te-°p a-’c - n-°p-∂p. s]m-kn- •o-jn-ep-am-bn {]-kn-≤o-Ic - n-®n-
j≥ \-º¿ 6 em-Wv A-t±-l- ´p-≠.v
Øn-s‚ a-’c - w. kn-‰n-bn-se F- Ãm-t^m¿-Uv kn-‰n ]vf - m-\n-Mv
√m ÿm-\ß - f - n-te-°p-ap-≈ Xn- t_m¿-Uv B≥-Uv tkm-Wnw-Kv
c-s™-Sp-∏v kn-‰n A-‰v em¿-Pn- I- Ω o- j - W ¿, t{]m- a n- t \- U v
em-Wp \-S° - p-∂X - .v tlmw Hm-tW-gk v- v A-tkm-kn-
\m-a \n¿-t±-i ]-{Xn-I k-a¿- tb-j≥ U-b-d-Œ¿ t_m¿-Uv
∏n-®h - c - n¬ H-cmƒ ]n-∑m-dn-bm- Aw-Kw, tI-cf - ssd-t‰¿-kv t^m-
tXm-sS am-Xyp ssh-ca - Æ- pw Snw dw {]-kn-U‚ ,v Ip-≠d- A-tkm-
hp-Upw X-Ωn¬ t\-cn-´m-Wp a- cw-`ß
- ƒ B-cw-`n-b° v- p-Ib - pw kn-tb-j≥ ÿm-]I - sk-{I-´-
’-cw \-S° - p-∂X - .v ta-b¿ ÿm- dn , ss_-_nƒ en-‰-td-®¿
A-ta-cn-°≥ a-e-bm-fn-I-fp-sS \-tØ-°v a-’c
Xyp-hn-s‚ H-gn-hn¬ h-∂ Iu¨-
kn¬ ko-‰n-em-Wv am-Xyp ssh-
- n-°p-∂ sI≥ am-
C-t∏mƒ D-≈ _n-kn-s\- v
kw-cw-`-ßƒ-°v t{]m-’m-l-
\w \-eI v- p-I Xp-Sß - n \n-ch - -
t^m-dw ÿm-]I
∂o \n-eI
°p-∂p. a-eb
- f
- sk-{I-´d- n F-
- n-epw {]-h¿-Øn-
- m-fn A-t m-kn-
[n {]-h¿-Ø\ - ß - ƒ sIu¨-
lr-Z-b kv-]¿-in-bm-b I-Y; c-a¨ Xn-cs
Sp-∂X
- ™-Sp-∏n-s\ t\-cn-
- v. [m-cm-fw a-eb
Dƒ-s∏-sS-bp-≈ C-¥y≥ G-
- m-fn-Iƒ
kn¬ sa-º¿ F-∂ ]-cn-[n-°p-
≈n¬ \n-∂v sIm-≠v X-\n-°p
tb-j≥ Hm-^v s{K-bv-‰¿ lq-
Ã¨ (am-K)v ssh-kv {]-kn-U-
≠v, ]n-B¿-Hm, thƒ-Uv a-eb - m-
sN-øp-hm≥ km-[n-°p-sa-∂v
"A-ta-cn-°≥ a-Æn-s‚' jy≥ hw-iP - ¿ Xn-ßn-∏m¿-°p-
∂ kn-‰n-bn¬ X-s‚ hn-P-b-
Øn¬ h≥ {]-Xo-£b - m-Wp-≈-
ssh-ca
sS-Ik
gvk
- ¨ ]-d™
-v m-kv kvt- ‰-‰v bq-Wn-th-
- n-‰n-bn¬ A-≤ym-]I
- p
- ≥, A-
fn sIu¨-kn¬ lq-Ã¨ Nm-
]v‰- ¿ sk-{I-´d
U‚ v, sF-]n-kn-F≥-F lq-
- n, ssh-kv {]-kn-
kw-t{]-£-Ww Xp-S-ßn
\yqtbm¿-°:v Sow A-°c - ° - q-´w _m-\d - n¬ lq-ÃW - n-se
sX-∂p ssh-ca
ta-bv B-dmw Xo-bX
c-s™-Sp-∏.v
- ¨ ]-d™ -
- n-bm-Wv Xn-
p. t‰m¿-Wn, km-ln-Xy-Im-c≥, I-
hn. Km-\c
e-If
- N
- b- n-Xm-hv F-∂o \n-
- n¬ {]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂t- Xm-
Ã¨ Nm-]‰ -v ¿ ssh-kv {]-kn-
U‚ v, C-t¥m A-ta-cn-°≥ {]-
v ¢-_v lq-Ã¨ Nm-]‰-v ¿ sk-
Ãm-^t-v ^m¿-Uv kn-‰n-bn-se kn- sSm-∏w lq-ÃW - n-se B-flo- {I-´d - n, t^m-ab - p-sS ss_-tem
I-em-Im-c≥-am¿ tN¿-∂v A-Wn-bn-s®m-cp-°n-b 'A-ta-cn- tdm t{]m-∏¿-ń Sm-Ik -v v \n-e\ - n¿- I-Ωn-‰n Aw-Kw F-∂o \n-eI - -
°≥ a-Æ'v F-∂ ]-cº - c - G-{]n¬ H-∂v i-\n-bm-gN -v H-cp b,km-aq-ln-I, kmw-kI -v m-cn-I
Øp-I, kn-‰n-bn-se s{sU-t\-Pv cw-Kß - f - n-epw k-Po-h km-∂n- fn-epw {]-h¿-Øn-®n-´p-≠.v
a-Wn ap-X¬ A-ta-cn-°≥ a-eb - m-fn-If - p-sS kz-¥w '{]-hm- kn-Ãw \-ho-Ic - n-°p-I, kn-‰n-bn- [y-am-W.v A-Ua -v n-\n-kt-v {S-j≥ Ip-≠d- ssh-ca- ¨ Ip-Spw-_mw-
kn Nm-\e - n¬' kw-t{]-£W - w Xp-Sß - n se F-√m h-Ip-∏p-If - pw k-aq-l- Hm-^v P-Ãn-kn¬ sS-Ik -v m-kv K-am-Wv am-Xyp ssh-ca - ¨. `m-
t\m¿-Øt- a-cn-°b - n-se Ip-Sn-tb-‰ a-eb - m-fn-If - p-sS Po-hn- Øn-s‚ D-∂a- \ - Ø - n-\p-th-≠n {]- k-tX¨ bq-Wn-th-gk -v n-‰n-bn¬ cy tdm-kΩ - am-Xyp dm-∂n s\-
X I-Y X-\X - m-bn Nn-{Xo-Ic - n-®n-cn-®n-°p-∂ H-cp ]-cº - c - - h¿-Øn-°p-∂p-sh-∂p D-d∏ - p h- \n-∂pw ]n-F® - U v- n bpw, {In-an- Spw-tXm-´Ø - n¬ Ip-Spw-_mw-Ka - m-
bm-Wv A-ta-cn-°≥ a-Æ.v bp-hX - z-Øn¬ A-ta-cn-°b - n-se- cp-Øp-I, kn-‰n-bp-sS ku-μc - y- \¬ P-Ãn-kn¬ bq-Wn-th-gk -v n- Wv. a-°ƒ \n-hn-\pw tKm-Uzn-
Øn {]-hm-k `q-an-bn¬ I-„∏ - m-Spw th-Z\ - b- pw k-ln-®p a- h-eI-v c - W- Ø - n-\p Du-∂¬ \¬- ‰n Hm-^v lq-Ã¨ sUu¨ \pw. tPm-en-tbm-sSm-∏w B-X-v
°-sf h-f¿-Øn H-Sp-hn¬ Po-hn-X km-bm-”Ø - n¬ A-h- Ip-I, kn-‰n-°v D-∂X - \n-eh - m-c- Su-Wn¬ \n-∂pw Fw-Fk - -v Un- ao-b {]-h¿-Ø\ - ß - f - n-epw hym-
cp-sS [-\m¿-Øn-bpw kz-`m-h Zq-jy-hpw I-≠p \n-Xy Zpx-J- Øn-ep-≈ tk-^v-‰n B≥-Uv {Kn-bpw I-cÿ - a - m-°n-b C-t±- ]r-X\ - m-b ssh-ca - ¨ Nn-e cm-
Øn¬ Po-hn-Xw X-≈n-\o-°p-∂ H-cp ]n-Xm-hn≥-sd I-Y- sk-Iyq-cn-‰n, Ãm-t^m¿-Uv ap-\n- lw t_mw-s_ bq-Wn-th-gk v- n- {„o-b ÿm-\ß - f - pw h-ln-®n-
bm-Wv A-ta-cn-°≥ a-Æv ]-d™ - p-h° - p-∂X - .v kn-∏¬ kvI - qƒ Un-k{v- Sn-Œn-\p ‰n-bn¬ \n-∂pw F¬-F¬-_n ´p-≠.v
]-{¥-≠p h¿-jØ - n-te-sd B-bn {]-hm-kn a-eb - m-fn-If - p- ]q¿-W ]n-¥p-W \¬-In Ip-ń- bpw tIm-´b - w a-lm-flm-Km- am-Xyp ssh-ca - W - n-s‚ ÿm-
sS lr-Zb - kv] - μ - \ - ß - ƒ H-∏n-sb-Sp-Øp tem-Is - a-ºm-Sp-ap- I-fp-sS hn-Zym-`ym-k km-[y-X- ‘n bq-Wn-th-gk v- n-‰n-bn¬ \n- \m¿-Yn {]-Jym-]\ - Ø - n-\p ti-
≈ t{]-£I - c - n¬ F-Øn-®p sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂ {]-hm-kn Iƒ hn-]p-es - ∏-Sp-Øp-I, kn-‰n- ∂pw {In-an-\¬ tem-bn¬ F¬- jw X-s‚ hn-Pb - Ø - n-\p th-
Nm-\e - n¬ Cu ko-cn-b¬ kw-t{]-£W - w N-øp-∂X - n¬ bp-sS ]-≤X - n-If - p-sS \n¿-hl - - F¬-Fw Un-{Kn-bn¬ c-≠mw ≠n a-eb - m-fn, C-¥y≥ k-aq-l-
G-‰h- pw k-t¥m-jw D-s≠-∂p {]-hm-kn Nm-\e - n-s‚ lq- Ww k-ab - _ - ‘ - n-Xa - m-bn \-S- dm-t¶m-sS-bpw ]m-km-bn. Øn-se \n-ch - [ - n {]-ap-J¿ ]n-
Ã¨ do-Pn-bW - ¬ Un-dŒ - ¿ cm-tP-jv h¿-Ko-k,v Sow Aw-K- ∏m-°p-∂X - n-\v ]n-¥p-W \¬-Ip- sS-Ik v- m-kv bq-Wn-th-gk v- n-‰n- ¥p-Wb - p-am-bn F-Øp-∂X - v X-
ß-fm-b A-Pp hm-cn-°m-´,v tdm-jn kn am-eØ - v F-∂n-h¿ I, Ãm-t^m¿-Uv kn-‰n-°v Iq-Sp- bn¬ \n-∂pw sk¿-ń-ss^-Uv \n-°v B-th-ih - pw Du¿-÷h - pw
A-dn-bn-®p. F-´p h¿-jw ap≥-]v 'A-°c - ° - q-´w' F-∂ lm- X¬ h-cp-am-\w e-`n-°Ø - ° - h - - ^n-\m≥-jy¬ πm-\¿ tIm-gv- \-eI -v p-∂p-sh-∂-v A-t±-lw ]-d-
ky ]-cº - c - b - p-am-bn A-ta-cn-°≥ a-eb - m-fn-If - p-sS {]-iw- Æw Iq-Sp-X¬ _n-kn-\k - v kw- kpw ]q¿-Øo-I-cn-®p. C-¥y- ™p.
k-bm¿-Pn-® A-tX I-em-Im-c∑ - m-cm-Wv Cu ko-cn-be - n-s‚
]n-∂W - n {]-h¿-ØI - ¿. ap-∏Ø - n-b© - p h¿-jØ - n-e[ - n-I-
am-bn lq-ÃW
h-cm-Wv Cu ko-cn-be
- n-se \m-SI - c - w-KØ
- n-se {]-[m-\ I-Ym-]m-{X-ßf
- p hy-‡n-ap-{Z ]-Xn-∏n-®-
- m-bn
Hm-Ãn≥ sk‚v tXm-a-kv bm-t°m-_m-b kp-dn-bm-\n
th-ja - n-Sp-∂h - ¿.
lr-Zb - kv]
bpw c-Nn-®n-cn-°p-∂X
kw-hn-[m-\w sN-bX
- ¿-in-bm-b ]-cº
- v tPm-k^
-v n-cn-°p-∂X
- c - b - p-sS I-Yb
- v sI-∂U
- v A-\n¬ B-d∑
- pw Xn-c°
- n-bm-W.v
- p-fb
- Y - -
- pw.
Hm¿-Ø-tUm-Iv-kv ]-≈n-bn¬ s]-cp-\mƒ: G-{]n¬ 15,16
sI Sn kvI - d - n-b, tPm-Wn a-t°m-d, ssa-kq¿ X-ºn, cm-Po- -Pn-\p Ip-cy≥ ]m-ºm-Sn bn(lq-Ã¨) k-lI - m¿-an-IX- z-Øn-epw hn-ip-≤
hv am-Xyp, Pn-Ωn Ip-∂t- »-cn, sd-b\ -v kp-\n¬, sk-en≥ sS-Ik-v m-k:v A-ta-cn-°b - n-se G-‰h - pw h-en-b aq-∂n-t∑¬ Ip¿-_m-\b - pw Xp-S¿-∂v {]-tXy-I a-
tPm-Wn a-t°m-d, sP-bn-\n tPm¿-P,v hn F≥ cm-P≥, _n- kw-ÿm-\a - m-b sS-Ik -v k - n-s‚ X-eÿ - m-\a - m-b ≤y-ÿ {]m¿-∞\ - ,A-\p-{K-l {]-`m-jW - w , s]m-
Pp am-∂m¿, tP-°_ - v Nm-t°m, sd-\n I-he - b - n¬ F-∂n- Hm-Ãn-\n¬ - bm-t°m-_m-b kp-dn-bm-\n hn-izm- Xp-kt- Ω-f\ - w, B-in¿-hm-Zw, t\¿-® F-∂n-hb - pw
h¿-s°m-∏w sI-∂U - n-bpw A-\n¬ B-d≥-ap-fb - pw {]-[m- k-Øn-s‚ ap-Ja - p-{Z-bm-bn I¿-Øm-hn-s‚ A-cp-a- D-≠m-bn-cn-°pw .
\ th-jß - f - n¬ A-Wn-\n-c° - p-∂p. in-jy-\pw, `m-cX - Ø - n-s‚ A-t∏m-kt-v Xm-e\ - p-am- Xo-£W -v a- m-b hn-izm-kw sIm-≠p \n-d™ - v "F≥-
Im-en-Xv Xm-en-k≥ (dn-ê -v £ - ≥ ao-Un-b), A-e≥ B-e- b tam¿ tXm-am-«o-lm-bp-sS \m-aØ - n¬ I-gn- sd I¿-Øm-th F≥-sd ssZ-ht- a" (tbm-l. 20:28)
t©-cn F-∂n-hc - m-Wv Iym-ad - ssI-Im-cyw sN-bX -v n-cn-°p- ™ h¿-jw Iq-Zm-i sN-øs - ∏-´ tZ-hm-eb - Ø- n¬ F-∂v D-Xt-v Lm-jn-® tb-ip-hn≥-sd [o-c\ - m-b A-
∂-X.v sP-bnw-kv Im-cym-]d - º- n¬ F-Un-‰nw-Kv \n¿-hl - n-®n- s]-cp-\mƒ G-{]n¬ 15, 16 Xo-bX - n-If - n¬ B- \p-Km-an-bpw, X-t∂m-sSm-∏w k-Xy-Øn≥-sd-bpw
cn-°p-∂p. {]-hm-kn a-eb - m-fn-If - p-sS {]-iw-k ]n-Sn-®p-]‰ - n- tLm-jn-°p-∂p. Po-h≥-sd-bpw h-gn sX-cs - ™-Sp-°m≥ G-hs - c-
b A-ta-cn-°≥ a-Æv {]-hm-kn Nm-\¬ t{]-£I - c - p-sS a- G-{]n¬ 15 i-\n-bm-gN -v ssh-Ip-t∂-cw A-©p- bpw t{]-cn-∏n-°p-∂ hn-iz-kX -v {In-kX -v p in-jy-
\w I-hc - p-sa-∂X - n¬ kw-ib - a - n-√. Sow A-°c - ° - q-´w B- a-Wn-°v k¨-tU kvI - qƒ hm¿-jn-Ih - pw Xp-S¿- \p-am-bn-cp-∂ tam¿ tXm-am-«o-lb - p-sS a-[y-ÿ-
Wv \n¿-am-W \n¿-hl - W - w. ∂v k-‘ym-{]m¿-∞\ - , dm-k, kvt- \-lh - n-cp-∂v X-bn¬ A-`b - s - ]-´p-sIm-≠p A-\p-{K-lo-Xc - m-Ip-
{]-hm-kn Nm-\e - n¬ G-{]n¬ H-∂v i-\n-bm-gN -v \yqtbm¿- F-∂n-ßs - \ {I-ao-Ic - n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. hm≥ F-√m-hs - c-bpw I¿-Xy-\m-aØ - n¬ £-Wn-
°v ssSw H-cp a-Wn-°v X-’a - b - w www.pravasichannel.com G-{]n¬ 16 Rm-bd - m-gN -v cm-hn-se H≥-]X - p a- ®p-sIm-≈p-∂X - m-bn hn-Im-cn sd-h tUm: km-Iv
h-gn Im-Wm-hp-∂X - pw ]n-∂o-Sv ho-Un-tbm Hm¨ Un-am‚n- Wn-°v A-ta-cn-°≥ A-Xn-`{- Zm-k\ - m-[n-]≥ A- h¿-Ko-kv A-dn-bn-®p. am-t\-Pn-Kv I-Ωn-‰n, `-‡
eq-sS ao-Un-b B-∏v bp F-kv F www.mediaappusa.com `n-hμ
- y F¬-tZm tam¿ Xo-tØm-kn-s‚ {]-[m-\ kw-LS- \ - I- ƒ F-∂n-hb - p-sS t\-Xr-Øn¬ C-S-
F-∂ B-∏v ku-P\ - y-am-bn sUu¨-tem-Uv sN-bX -v pw Im- Im¿-an-IX- z-Øn-epw sd-h ^m: F-en-bm-kv A-c- h-I H-∂S- ° - w s]-cp-\m-fn-\p-th-≠ {I-ao-Ic - W
- -
Wm-hp-∂X - m-Wv.
a-Øv (Um-ek - v ) sd-h tUm: tPm-k^ - v a-Øm- ßƒ \-SØ - n-hc - p-∂p.
14 NERKAZHCHA
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NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023  15
dn-®m¿-Uv h¿-a am-t\-Pv-sa‚v B≥-Uv 
dn-tkm-gv-kv sU-]yq-ń sk-{I-´-dn
]n.]n. sN-dn-bm≥ a-bp-sS Im-eØ - v A-t±-lw C-¥y-
 
hm-jn-MS-v ≥ : bp-Fk - v _-ln-cm-
hm-jn-MSv- ¨ Unkn: C-¥y≥- bn-se bp-Fk - v Aw-_m-kU - d - m- Im-i G-P≥-kn \m-kb - p-sS 'aq¨
A-ta-cn-°≥ dn-®m¿-Uv h¿-as - b bpw \n-ba - \
- n¿-am-W Im-cy-ßf - p- Sp am¿-k'v Zu-Xy-Øn-s‚ B-Zy X-
am-t\-Ps-v a‚ v B≥-Uv dn-tkm-g-v sS A-kn-Ã‚ v kvt- ‰-‰v sk-{I-´d - n- e-h\ - m-bn C-¥y≥ hw-iP - ≥ A-
kv sU-]yq-ń sk-{I-´d- n-bm-bn bp- bm-bpw tk-h\ - a- \- p-jT v n-®p. 54 Im- an-Xv £-{Xn-bs - b \n-ba - n-®p. Nm-
F-kv sk-\‰ - v hym-gm-gN-v Aw-Ko- c-\m-b h¿-as - b I-gn-™ h¿-jw {μ-Zu-Xy-ßƒ \n¿-h-ln-°m-\pw
I-cn-®p. 67 thm-´p-Iƒ-°m-Wv dn- Un-kw-_-dn¬ bp-F-kv {]-kn- sNm-Δb - n¬ B-Zy-am-bn a-\p-jy-s\
®m¿-Uv h¿-as - b sk-\‰ - v Aw-Ko- U‚ v tPm ss_-U≥ D-∂X - \- C-d°- m-\pw \m-ks - b k-÷a- m-°p-
I-cn-®X
- .v C-¥y-bn-se ap≥ bp- b-X{- ¥ ÿm-\t- Ø-°v \m-a\ - n¿- I-bm-Wv A-t±-lØ - n-s‚ Np-aX - e
- .
F-kv Aw-_m-kU - ¿ C-\n kv- t±-iw sN-bX -v n-cp-∂p. tkm-^v-‰v-sh-b¿, tdm-_-ń-Iv-kv
t‰-‰v Un-∏m¿-´s -v a‚ v {]-h¿-Ø\ - - bp-ssW-‰U - v kvt- ‰-‰k -v v sk-\‰- ¿ F≥-Pn-\o-bd - m-b A-an-Xv £-{Xn-
ßƒ-°v t\-Xr-Xzw \¬-Ip-∂X - n- lm-cn do-Un-s‚ tZ-io-b kp-c£ - m b cm-Pym-¥c - _-ln-cm-Im-i \n-
\pw G-tIm-]n-∏n-°p-∂X - n-\pw D-]t- Z-„m-hv B-bn-cp-∂p. sU-tam- e-bØ - n-s‚ {]-h¿-Ø\ - ß- f - n-epƒ-
ta¬-t\m-´w h-ln-°pw. dn-®m¿-Uv h¿-Ω am- {Im-‰n-Iv hn-∏,v \yq-\] - £- t\-Xm-h,v bp-ssW-‰- s∏-sS ]-s¶-Sp-Øn-´p-≠.v a-\p-jy-s\ ho-≠pw N-{μ-\n-se-Øn-°m-
Ã¿-Im¿-Un-s‚ No-^v eo-K¬ Hm-^n-kd - pw t•m- Uv kvt- ‰-‰k-v v sk-\‰ - n-s‚ `q-cn-]£ - t\-Xm-hv F- \p-≈ \m-k ]-≤X - n-bm-b B¿-ń-an-kn-s‚ ]-co-£W
- Z- u-Xy-Øn¬
_¬ ]-ªn-Iv t]m-fn-kn ta-[m-hn-bp-am-W.v H-_m- ∂n \n-eI - f - n-epw h¿-Ω tk-h\ - a - \- p-jT v n-®n-´p-≠.v \n¿-Wm-bI - ]-¶p h-ln-®p.

hm-jn-MS-v ≥: A-ta-cn-°≥ kw-ÿm-\a - m-b tPm¿- hw-iP - c
- p-≈ ÿ-ea - m-Wv tPm¿-Pn-b. ßƒ tbm-KØ - n¬ ]-s¶-Sp-Øn-cp-∂p. {]-ta-bw ]m-
Pn-b "ln-μp-t^m-_n-b'sb A-]e - ] - n-°p-∂ {]-ta- k-\m-X\ - [¿-aØ - n-\pw ln-μp-°ƒ-°pw F-Xn-sc sh- km-°n-bX - v A-`n-am-\I - c- a- m-sW-∂v kw-LS- \ - b
- p-
bw ]m-km-°n. B-Zy-am-bm-Wv H-cp A-ta-cn-°≥ dp-∏v {]-Nc - n-∏n-°p-∂X - m-bn 2022 Pq-sse-bn¬ ]p-dØ - p- sS ssh-kv {]-kn-U‚ v cm-Po-hv ta-t\m-\pw P-\-
kw-ÿm-\w ln-μp-aX - hn-tcm-[s - Ø A-]e - ]- n-®v h-∂ dp-St-v K-gk -v v bq-Wn-th-gk -v n-‰n-bp-sS ]T-\Ø - n-s‚ d¬ sk-{I-´d - n tim-` kzm-an-bpw ]-d™ - p. A-ta-
{]-ta-bw ]m-km-°p-∂X - v. \q-dn-te-sd cm-Py-ßf - n- A-Sn-ÿm-\Ø - n-em-Wv {]-ta-bw A-hX - c- n-∏n-®X - .v ln- cn-°b- n¬ im-k{-v X, km-t¶-Xn-I, sF-Sn, ssh-Zy,
em-bn 120 tIm-Sn-tbm-fw P-\ß - ƒ Dƒ-s°m-≈p- μp-aX
- Ø - n-\v F-Xn-cm-b k-aq-la- m-[y-a {]-Nm-cW - w t£- km-ºØ - n-I ta-Je - I - f- n¬ ln-μp k-aq-lw h-en-
∂ G-‰h - pw ]p-cm-X\ - a - m-b a-Xa - m-Wv ln-μp-aX - s - a- {X-ßƒ-°v F-Xn-sc-bp-≈ B-{I-aW - ß - f - pw a-‰pw h¿- b kw-`m-h\ - \¬-Ip-∂X - m-bn {]-ta-bØ - n¬ ]-d-
∂v {]-ta-bw hy-‡a - m-°n. C-Xc - h
- n-izm-kß - s - f [n-°p-∂X - n-\v Im-cW - a - m-sW-∂v ]T-\w ]-db - p-∂p. bp-∂p. tbm-K, B-bp¿-th-Zw, [ym-\w, kw-Ko-Xw,
Aw-Ko-Ic - n-°p-∂ ln-μp-aX - w k-am-[m-\s - Ø Aw- A-ta-cn-°b - n-se ln-μp kw-LS- \ - I- f- p-sS kw-bp-‡ I-e F-∂o cw-Kß - f - n-epw ln-μp-aX - Ø- n-\v {]m-[m-
Ko-Ic- n-°p-∂X - m-bn tem-d≥ a-Is -v Um-Wmƒ-Upw tSm- k-tΩ-f\ - w am¿-®v 22\v tPm¿-Pn-b≥ X-eÿ - m-\a - m-b \y-ap-≠.v I-gn-™ G-Xm-\pw Z-iI - ß- f - m-bn cm-Py-
Uv tPm¨-kpw tN¿-∂v A-hX - c - n-∏n-® {]-ta-bw ]- A-‰v?em‚-bn¬ \-S∂ - n-cp-∂p. dn-∏ª - n-°≥, sU-tam- Øn-s‚ ]-e `m-Kß - f - n-epw hn-tZz-j Ip-‰I - r-Xy-ßƒ
d-™p. A-ta-cn-°b - n¬ G-‰h - pw Iq-Sp-X¬ C-¥y≥ {Im-‰n-Iv hn-`m-Kß - f- n¬ \n-∂p-≈ 25 ]m¿-es - a‚w-K- D-≠m-Ip-∂X - m-bpw {]-ta-bw kq-Nn-∏n-°p-∂p.
{^-≠v-kv Hm-^v k-Æn-sh-bv¬ ]-ªn-Iv sse-{_-dn am¿-_¿-Kv ssh-d-kv: 'Pm-{K-X th-Ww, e-£-W-ßƒ
c-≠mw hm¿-jn-Iw B-I¿-j-I-am-bn \nc- o-£n°
- W- w', ap-∂d- nb- n∏- p-am-bn knU- nk- n
]n.]n. sN-dn-bm≥ I-ßf - pw hn-e] v- \- °- v sh-®n-cp-∂p a-e- ]n.]n. sN-dn-bm≥
k-Æn-sh-b¬ v :{^-≠k -v v Hm-^v k-Æn- bm-fn-bpw k-Æn-sh-b¬ v kn-‰n ta-bd - p- \yq-tbm¿-°:-v am¿-_¿-Kv ssh-dk - n-
sh-b¬ v ]-ªn-Iv sse-{_-dn c-≠mw hm¿- am-b k-Pn tPm¿-Pv ,k-Æn-ssh¬ kn- s\-°p-dn-®p ap-∂d - n-bn-∏p-am-bn bp-F-
jo-I B-tLm-jß - ƒ G-jy≥-hw-iP - ¿ ‰n Iu¨-kn-en-te-°v a-’c - n-°p-∂ a- kv sk‚¿-kv t^m¿ Un-ko-kv I¨-
,X-t±-ih - m-kn-Iƒ F-∂n-hc - p-sS km-∂n- \p Um-\n,]-ªn-Iv sse-{_-dn t_m¿-Uv t{Smƒ B‚ v {]n-h≥-j≥ (kn-Un-
Aw-Kw tPm-_n ,tPm-kv tPm-k^ - v Ip-gp-
[y-hpw ssh-hn-[y-am¿-∂ ]-cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ ∏n-≈n ,s_-∂n tPm¨ ,A-t‰m¿-Wn Um- kn). Kn-\n-bb - n-te-°pw Sm≥-km-\n-
sIm-≠pw B-I¿-jI - a - m-bn. \n,c-RP -v n-X,v Xp-Sß - n-bh- ¿ B-tLm-j b-bn-te-°pw bm-{X sN-øp-∂h - t- cm-
G-{]n¬ 1 i-\n-bm-gN v- cm-hn-se 10 a- ]-cn-]m-Sn-If - n¬ k-Po-ha - m-bn ]-s¶-Sp- Sp Pm-{K-X ]m-en-°m-\m-Wp \n¿-tZ- Sm≥-km-\n-bb - n-epw am¿-_¿-Kv dn-
Wn-Iv B-cw-`n-® B-tLm-jß - ƒ D-®- Øp. \n-ch - [- n B-fp-Iƒ ]-s¶-Sp-Ø B- iw. tcm-Kw s]m-ń-∏p-ds - ∏-Sp-∂X - p X- t∏m¿-´v sN-øp-∂p. tem-Im-tcm-Ky-kw-
°p-ti-jw aq-∂p-aW - n h-sc \o-≠p-\n- tLm-j ]-cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ-°n-Sb - n¬ Iu¨- S-bp-∂X - n-\p k-lm-bn-°m≥ kn-Un- L-S\ - b - p-sS Im-W° - \ - p-kc - n-®p A-
∂p.]p-kX -v I
- {- ]-Zc - i
-v \ - w,I-cI - u-ie - hn- kn¬ ÿm-\m¿-Yn thm-´¿-am-sc t\-cn¬ kn B-{^n-°b - n-te-°p D-Zt- ym-Kÿ - - ©v a-cW - ß - ƒ Dƒ-s∏-sS F-´p tI-
ev]
- \
- Ãm-fp-Iƒ,hn-hn-[ cp-Nn-If - n-ep-≈ I-≠p thm-´p A-`y¿-∞n-®X - pw ta-b¿ sc A-bb - °-v p-Ib - m-W.v kp-Iƒ ÿn-co-Ic - n-®p. ]-\n, hn-db - ¬,
`-£W - ]-Zm¿-∞ß - f - p-sS Ãm-fp-Iƒ F- k-Pn-tPm¿-Pn-s‚ ]n-¥p-Wb - pw Xn-sc- tem-Im-tcm-Ky kw-LS- \ - b - p-sS A- t]-in th-Z\ - , Np-Wß - p, sXm-≠t- h-
∂n-h B-tLm-jß - f - p-sS `m-Ka - m-bn k- s™-Sp-∏v hn-Pb - Ø- n-\v B-flh - n-izm-kw `n-{]m-bØ- n¬ D-b¿-∂ a-cW - \ - n-c° - p- Z-\, h-bd - n-f°- w, £o-Ww,c-‡{- km-
Po-Ic - n-®n-cp-∂p .\q-dp-IW - °- n-\v ]p-kX -v - h¿[n-∏n®-Xm-bn a-\p A-`n-{]m-bs - ∏-´p. ≈-Xpw ]-I¿-®h - ym-[n km-[y-Xb - p-≈- hw A-s√-¶n¬ N-Xh - v F-∂n-hb - ° -v v
Xp-am-b ssh-dk - m-Wp am¿-_¿-K.v Kn- Im-cW - a - m-Ip-∂ A-]q¿-hh - pw am-cI - -
\n-b-bn-se-bpw Sm≥-km-\n-b-bn-se- hp-am-b tcm-Ka - m-Wv ssh-dk - .v
bpw bm-{X-°m-tcm-Sp ]-I¿-®h - ym-[n tcm-Kn-bn¬ \n-t∂m, ssh-dk - v _m-
s]m-ń-∏p-ds - ∏-´ {]-tZ-iß - f - n-se B- [n-®p a-cn-® B-fp-sS c-‡Ø - n¬ \n-
tcm-Ky-]c - n-]m-e\ - ku-Ic - y-ßƒ H- t∂m i-co-c {k-h-ß-fn-eq-sS-tbm
gn-hm-°m-\pw {]-tZ-iw hn-´X - n-\p ti- ssh-dk - v ]-Ic - m-sa-∂m-Wp kn-Un-kn-
jw aq-∂m-gN v- t- Ø-°v tcm-Ke - £ - W - - bp-sS I-s≠-Ø¬. a-en-\a - m-b h-k-v
ßƒ \n-co-£n-°m-\pw kn-Un-kn A- Xp-°ƒ (h-k{-v X-ßƒ, In-S° - I - ƒ,
`y¿-∞n-®p. s^-{_p-hc - n-bn-em-Wv C- kq-Nn-Iƒ, sa-Un-°¬ D-]-I-c-W-
Iz-t‰m-dn-b¬ Kn-\n-bb - n¬ ssh-dk - n- ßƒ t]m-ep-≈h - ) D-]t- bm-Kn-°p-∂-
s‚ B-Zy-sØ ÿn-co-Ic - W- w {]-Jym- Xp aq-et- am h-Δm-ep-Iƒ t]m-ep-≈
]n-®X- v. H-ºX - p t]¿ a-cn-®p-sh-∂v ar-Kß
- f - p-am-bp-≈ k-º¿-°w h-gn-bpw
tem-Im-tcm-Ky kw-LS- \ - ]-db - p-∂p. ssh-dk - v ]-S¿-t∂-°mw.
16 NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023
NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023  17
1. Hmim\ Rmb¿ Zn\Øn¬ Be∏pg ]q¶mhv ]≈nbn¬ {]m¿Yn°p∂h¿ 2. Hmim\ Xncp\mfnt\mS\p_‘n®v Xncph\¥]pcw ]´w sk‚ v tacokv IØo{Uen¬ I¿Zn\mƒ am¿ _tkentbmkv
¢oaokv ImtXmen° _mhmbpsS Im¿anIXzØn¬ \S∂ IpcptØme {]Z£nWØn¬ \n∂v 3. Hmim\ Rmb¿ Zn\Øn¬ sXmSp]pg sk‚ v- sk_mkvddy≥kv ]≈nbn¬ \S∂ Ip¿_m\
 

● 
Um-e-kv sk‚v ta-co-kv h-en-b ]-≈n ● 
hm-jn-MSv- ≥ : F-®v1_n ho-k- Sp-∂X - n-\p ]-Ic - w a-‰p km-[y- B≥-Uv C-an-t{K-j≥ k¿-ho-k-
kp-h¿-Æ Pq-_n-en D-Zv-Lm-S-\w 9 \v bn¬ bp-Fk
e-hn¬ sXm-gn¬-cl
- n-se-Øn-bh
s≠-¶n¬ a-‰p km-[y-XI
- n-Xc
- ¿ \n-
- m-bn-´p-
- ƒ {]-
X-Iƒ A-t\z-jn-°W
û-t≠-j≥ t^m¿ C-¥y
B≥-Uv C-¥y≥ U-bk
- s
- ]
- a-∂pw
-v d- Ã-
kv (bp-Fk - k
dn-bn-®p. am-Ã¿ _n-cp-Za
v- n-sF-Fk
°m- b n \o- ° n- h - ® n- c n- ° p- ∂
- v) A-
- p-≈h - ¿-
Um-ek - :-v A-ta-cn-°b - n¬ G-‰h - pw B-Zyw cq-]o-Ir-Xa - m-b tZ-hm- tbm-P\ - s- ∏-Sp-ØW - s - a-∂v bp-F- Uo-kn-s\ (F-^s -v F-sF-Un-F- 20,000 ho-kI - ƒ-°pw th-≠{- X
e-bß- f - n¬ H-∂m-b Um-ek - v sk≥ ta-co-kv Hm¿-Øt- Um-Ik -v v kv kn-‰n-k≥-jn-]v B≥-Uv C- kv) bp-Fk - k -v n-sF-Fk - v A-dn- A-t]-£I - ƒ e-`n-®p. A-Sp-Ø
h-en-b] - ≈ - n-bp-sS kp-h¿-Æ Pq-_n-en B-tLm-jw G-{]n¬ 9\v an-t{K-j≥ k¿-ho-kk - v (bp-F- bn-®p. tPm-en \-„-am-b F- h¿-jt- Ø-b° v- p-≈ F-®v1 _n
Rm-bd - m-gN -v D-b¿-∏v ip-{iq-jI - ƒ-°v ti-jw ku-Øv sh-Ãv A- kvk - n-sF-Fk - )v U-bd - Œ - ¿ D¿ ®v1_n ho-k° - m¿-°p-th-≠n {]- ho-kb - v°
- m-bn Cu am-kw H-
ta-cn-°≥ `-{Zm-k\ - m-[n-]≥ A-`n-hμ - y tXm-ak - v am¿ C-hm-\n-tbm- Fw P-Zp-hv \n¿-tZ-in-®p. Kq-Knƒ, h¿-Øn-°p-∂ kw-LS- \ - b - m-Wv ∂n-\m-Wv Hm¨-sse≥ A-t]-
kv sa-{Xm-s∏m-eo-Ø D-ZL -v m-S\ - w sN-øp-∂p. ssa- t {Im- t km- ^ v - ‰ v , B- a - F-^s -v F-sF-Un-Fk - .v £ kzo-I-cn-®p Xp-S-ßn-b-Xv.
hn-hn-[X - e - ß- f
- n¬ k-`b - p-sS {]-h¿-Ø\ - ß
- ƒ-°v t\-Xr-Xzw \¬- tkm¨ Xp-Sß - n-b h≥-In-S I- hm-jn-MSv- ≥ t]m-Ãn-s‚ dn- B-Zy-L´- Ø - n¬-Xs - ∂ B-hi - y-
Ip-∂ {]-ap-J hy-‡n-Iƒ {]-kX -v p-X k-tΩ-f\ - Ø
- n¬ kw-_‘ - n- º-\n-If - n¬-\n-∂p ]n-cn-®p-hn-´ t∏m¿-´v A-\p-kc - n-®v I-gn-™- Øn-\v A-t]-£I - ƒ e-`n-®p. C-
°pw. kp-h¿-Æ h¿-ja - m-b 2023 ssh-hn-[y-]q¿-Wa - m-b A-\h - [ - n C-¥y-°m-cpƒ-s∏-sS-bp-≈h - s- c h¿-jw \-hw-_¿ ap-X¬ C-Xp- h-sc A-Sp-Ø \-S] - S- n-{I-aß - f - p-
Im-cy-ßf - m-Wv \-S∏ - m-°p-∂X - .v k-`b - p-sS ]n-Xm-°∑ - m¿, k-`m `m- D-t±-in-®m-Wv U-b-d-Œ¿ Cu h-sc 2 e-£w sF-Sn Po-h\ - - sS hn-hc - w A-dn-bn-®n-´p-≠.v
c-hm-ln-Iƒ Dƒ-s∏-sS-bp-≈h - s - c ]-s¶-Sp-∏n-®p-sIm-≠p-≈ k- \n¿-tZ-iw \¬-In-bX - .v °m-sc-bm-Wp ]n-cn-®p-hn-´X - .v C- sF-Sn Dƒ-s∏-sS ta-Je - I - f - n-
tΩ-f\ - ß - ƒ, ssh-hn-[y-am¿-∂ I-em-hn-cp-∂p-Iƒ, k-lm-b ]-≤- C-\n-sb-s¥-∂ Im-cy-Øn¬ h-cn¬ 40% C-¥y-°m-cm-sW-∂v se hn-tZ-in-If - m-b {]-^j - \ - -
Xn-Iƒ Xp-Sß - n-bh - \-S∏ - m-°m≥ B-hi - y-am-b {I-ao-Ic - W- ß - ƒ hy- ‡ - X - b n- √ m- Ø - h - c m- b n- c n- I-cp-Xp-∂p. ep-Iƒ-°v 65,000 sd-Kp-e¿ ho-
sN-bX -v p h-cp-∂p . °pw ]-ec - pw. ]-t£, H-t´-sd AtXkabw, bp-Fk - v A- k-If - pw bp-Fk - v k¿-hI - e - m-im-
^m-Z¿ kn.Pn tXm-ak - v (,hn-Im-cn) ^m-Z¿ Un-Pp kvI - d - n-b (k- km-[y-XI - ƒ ap-∂n-ep-≠.v tPm- \p-hZ- n-°p-∂ F-®1v _n ho-k- e-bn¬-\n-∂v am-kt-v ‰-gt-v km A-
l-hn-Im-cn), t_m-_≥ sIm-Sp-hØ - p({S-Ãn), tdm-Pn F-{_-lmw en t]m-bX - n-\m¬ 60 Zn-hk - - bv°- m-bn hm¿-jn-I ]-cn-[n-bm- Xn-\p ap-If - n-tem D-∂X - ] - T-\w
(sk-{I-´d - n) Xp-Sß - n-bh - c - p-sS t\-Xr-Xz-Øn¬ hn-]p-ea - m-b I-Ωn- Øn-\I - w \m-ń-te-°p a-Sß - W - - b 65,000 A-t]-£I - ƒ e-`n-®- ]q¿-Øn-bm-°n-bh - ¿-°v 20,000
‰n-Iƒ {]-h¿-Øn-®p-hc - p-∂p sa-∂p sX-‰n-≤c - n-®v bp-Fk - v hn- Xm-bn bp-Fk - v kn-‰n-k≥-jn-]v ho-kI - f- p-am-Wv \¬-Ip-∂X - .v
cm-lp¬, \n-ßƒ X-\n-®-√ R-ßƒ Iq-sS-bp-≠v; hm-bv aq-Sn sI-ń {]-Xn-tj-[n-®v- H-sF-kn-kn bp-F-kv-F
]n.]n. sN-dn-bm≥
lq-Ã¨: \-tc-{μ tam-Zn k¿-
°m-cn-s‚ P-\m-[n-]X - y hn-cp-≤
\-S-]-Sn-Iƒ-s°-Xn-sc F-sF-
kn-kn-bp-sS t\-Xr-Xz-Øn¬ \-
S-Øp-∂ {]-Xn-tj-[ k-ac - ß- -
tfm-Sv A-\p-`m-hw {]-IS- n-∏n-®v Hm-
h¿-ko-kv C-¥y≥ Iƒ-®d - ¬
tIm¨-{K-kv (H-sF-kn-kn bp-
F-kF -v ) {]-Xn-tj-[w i-‡a - m-
°p-∂p. tIm¨-{K-kv t\-Xm-hv
cm-lp¬ Km-‘n-sb Fw-]n °p-hm≥ G-X‰- w h-sc-bpw t]m- lq-Ã¨ Nm-]‰ -v ¿ {]-kn-U‚ v ®p-Ω≥, tXm-ak - v sIm-c´- n-bn¬, {Zm-hm-Iyw. H-sF-kn-kn ^vt- em-
ÿm-\Ø - p-\n-∂pw A-tbm-Ky- cm-Sp-sa-∂v Aw-K-ßƒ {]-Xn- hm-h® - ≥ a-Øm-bn kzm-KX - a
- m- h¿-Ko-kv cm-tP-jv am-Xyp, Um- dn-U Nm-]‰-v ¿ {]-kn-U‚ v tPm¿-
\m-°n-b P-\m-[n-]X - y hn-cp-≤ ⁄ sN-bX -v p. cm-lp¬ Km-‘n- iw-kn-®p. lq-Ã¨ Nm-]‰-v ¿ k- \n-tb¬ Nm-t°m,cm-Po-hv tdmƒ- Pn h¿-Ko-kv A-[y-£X - h-ln-
\-S]- S- n-bn¬ {]-Xn-tj-[n-®m-Wv bp-sS I-cß - ƒ-°p i-‡n ]-I- tΩ-f\ - Ø
- n-\v B-Xn-tY-bX - zw h- U≥ Xp-Sß - n-bh- ¿ k-tΩ-fØ - n- ®p. do-P\ - ¬ {]-kn-U‚ v km-
tbm-Kß - ƒ. cp-hm≥ H-sF-kn-kn bp-F- ln- ® p. Ãm- t ^m¿- U v kn- ‰ n \v t\-Xr-Xzw \¬-In.Nm-]‰ v- ¿ P≥ Ip-cy≥, do-P\ - ¬ sN-b¿-
am¿-®v 26\p Rm-bd - m-gN-v ssh- kvF- D-d® - p \n¬-°p-sa-∂v H- Iu¨- k n¬- a m- \ pw ta- b ¿ sk-{I-´d
- n _n-Pp Nm-eb - ° -v ¬ am≥ tPm-bn Ip-‰n-bm-\n, ^vt- em-
In-´v \m-en-\p Ãm-t^m¿-Un-ep- sF-kn-kn {]-h¿-ØI - ¿ {]- ÿm-\m¿-Yn-bp-am-b sI≥ am- \-μn {]-Im-in-∏n-®p. dn-U Nm-]‰-v ¿ sN-b¿-t]-gk -v ¨
≈ A-]\ -v _-km¿ d-Ãd - ‚n¬ Xn-⁄s - b-Sp-Øp. \m-j\ - ¬ P- Xyp, H-sF-kn-kn k-tX¨ do- _n-\p Nn-eº - Ø - v, _n-tPm-bv
h-®v \-S∂ - lq-Ã¨ k-tΩ-f- \-d¬ sk-{I-´d - n Po-tam≥ dm- Pn-\¬ `m-ch - m-ln-If - m-b {S-j- ^v-tem-dn-U Nm-]v-‰¿ tk-hy¿, G-en-bm-kv ]-\ß - m-
\w hy-Xy-kX v- a - m-b {]-Xn-tj- ∂n {]-Xn-⁄ sNm-√n. d¿ k-Jd - n-b tIm-in, ssh-kv C-¥y-bn¬ \-S° - p-∂ {]-Xn- bn¬ F-∂n-h¿ N-Sß - n¬ ]-
[ ]-cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ sIm-≠v {i-t≤- Xp-S¿-∂v \-S-∂ {]-Xn-tj-[ {]-kn-U‚p-am-cm-b s]m-∂p ]n- tj-[ k-ac - ß- t- fm-Sv A-\p-`m-hw s¶-Sp-Øv {]-kw-Kn-®p.
b-am-bn. tbm-KØ - n¬ ]-s¶-Sp- tbm-Kw \m-j\ - ¬ sN-b¿-am≥ ≈, tPm-Pn tP-°_ - ,v sk-{I-´- {]-IS- n-∏n-®v H-sF-kn-kn ^vt- em- H-sF-kn-kn tZ-io-b {]-kn-
Ø-h¿ I-dp-Ø Xp-Wn sIm-≠v sP-bnw-kv Iq-S¬ D-ZL v- m-S\- w dn _n-_n ]m-db - n¬ lq-Ã¨ dn-U Nm-]v-‰-dn-s‚ t\-Xr-Xz- U‚ v t_-_n a-W° - p-t∂¬,
hm-bv aq-Sn sI-ń-bm-Wv {]-Xn- sN-bX -v p. \m-j\ - ¬ {]-kn-U‚ v Nm-]‰ -v ¿ ssh-kv {]-kn-U‚p-am- Øn¬ tU-hn-bn-ep-≈ Km-‘n sN-b¿-am≥ sP-bnw-kv Iq-S¬,
tj-[n-®X - v. t_-_n a-W° - p-t∂¬ A-[y- cm-b tSmw hn-cn-∏≥, tdm-bv sh- kvI- z-bd- n¬ a-lm-flm-Km-‘n-bp- {S-jd- ¿ k-t¥m-jv F-{_-lmw
C-¥y≥ P-\m-[n-]X - yw hn-`m- £-X h-ln-®p. Xp-S¿-∂p-≈ Zn- ´p-Ip-gn, sk-{I-´d- n-am-cm-b ^n-∂n sS {]-Xn-ab - °-v p ap≥-]n¬ D-]- F-∂n-h¿ B-iw-kI - ƒ A-dn-
h-\w sN-øp-∂ A-aq-ey-am-b aq- h-kß - f - n-epw Iq-Sp-X¬ do-Pn-b- cm-Pp lq-Ã¨, _m-_p Nm- hm-kw A-\p-jT v n-®p-sIm-≠v {]- bn-®p. H-sF-kn-kn ^vt- em-dn-
ey-ßƒ kw-c£ - n-°s - ∏-tS-≠- \p-Is- f-bpw Nm-]‰-v d- p-Is - f-bpw ]- t°m, _n-t\m-bv ep-t°m-kv X- Xn-tjm-[ Iq-´m-ba -v kw-LS- n-∏n- U Nm-]‰ -v ¿ sk-{I-´d - n tPm¿-Pv
Xv Hm-tcm C-¥y≥ ]u-cs - ‚-bpw s¶-Sp-∏n-®p hn-hn-[ \-K-c-ß- Øw-Ip-fw (tkm-jy¬ ao-Un-b ®p. C-¥y-bn-se P-\m-[n-]X - y- am-en¬ kzm-KX - h- pw, {S-jd- ¿ am-
A-hI - m-ia - m-W.v B A-aq-ey-am- fn¬ {]-Xn-tj-[ tbm-Kß - f
- pw sN-b¿) F-Ik -v n-Iyq-ó-hv I-Ωn- sØ kw-c£ - n-°p-I F-∂p-≈- Øp-°p-ń Xp-ºa - ¨ \-μn-bpw
b A-h-Im-i-ßƒ kw-c-£n- k-tΩ-f\ - ß - f - pw kw-LS- n-∏n-°p- ‰n Aw- K - ß - f m- b tPm- b v Xm-bn-cp-∂p tbm-KØ - n-s‚ ap- tc-Js - ∏-Sp-Øn.
sa-∂v C-h¿ A-dn-bn-®p. F≥.im-ap-th¬, tPm¿-Pv sIm-
18 NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023
NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023  19
Pn- 20 cm-Py-ßs - f {]-Xn-\n-[m-\w sN-øp-∂ sj¿-∏a - m-cp-sS c-≠mw tbm-Kw tIm-´b - w Ip-ac
- I
- Ø
- v B-cw-`n-®t- ∏mƒ. C-¥y-bp-sS Pn-20 sj¿-∏ A-an-Xm-`v Im-¥m-bncp∂p tbm-KØ - n-s‚ A-[y-£≥.
Pn-7, Pn-20 t]m-ep-≈ A-¥m-cm-{„ D-®t- Im-Sn-If
- n¬ cm-{„-Øe - h
- s
- ‚-tbm k¿-°m-cn-s‚-tbm {]-Xn-\n-[n-bm-bn ]-s¶-Sp-°p-∂b - m-fm-Wv sj¿-∏ F-∂v A-dn-bs - ∏-Sp-∂X
- .-v Ip-ac
- I
- s- Ø tbm-Kw Rm-b-
dm-gN-v k-am-]n-®p. C-¥y-bpƒ-s∏-sS 19 cm-Py-ßf - pw bq-tdm-]y≥ bq-Wn-b\ - pw tN-cp-∂X- m-Wv Pn-20. C-hn-sS-\n-∂p-≈ {]-Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ, £-Wn-°s - ∏-´ H-ºX
- p cm-Py-ßƒ, hn-hn-[ A-¥m-cm-{„-{]m-tZ-
in-I kw-LS- \ - I - ƒ F-∂n-hb - n¬ \n-∂p-≈ 120-e[ - n-Iw {]-Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ F-∂n-hc - m-Wv ]-s¶-Sp-ØX - .v
]-cn-ÿn-Xn -tKm-X-ºv- tπ-‰v-, 

A-cn-s∏m-Sn kv-t{Sm  
tIm-´b - w: hm-b] -v \-bw bn-se Pn20 D-®t- Im-Sn-bn-se
Ip-ac- I- w : Pn-20 k-tΩ-f\ - Ø
- n-s\-Øp-∂ {]-Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ-
°v- `-£W - w hn-fº - nbXv tKm-Xº - n-s‚ X-hn-Sp-sIm-≠p-≈ Dƒ-s∏-sS-bp-≈ Im-cy-ß- {]-ta-bß - f - n¬ 99% Im-cy-ß-
tπ-‰p-Iƒ. ]m-\o-bw cp-Nn-°m≥ A-cn-s∏m-Sn-sIm-≠p-≈ kv- fn¬ B-tKm-f km-ºØ - n- fn-epw Ip-ac - I- s
- Ø k-tΩ-f-
t-{Sm-bpw. A-¶a - m-en C≥-I¬ _n-kn-\k - -v ]m¿-°n¬ {]- I ta-Je - b - n¬ Im-cy-am-b \-Øn¬ A-`n-{]m-b sF-Iyw
h¿-Øn-°p-∂ 'Xq-i≥' F-∂ I-º\ - n-bm-W-v Cu ]-cn-kY -v n- am-‰ß- ƒ D-≠m-IW - s - a-∂ D-≠m-sb-∂pw A-t±-lw ]-
Xn ku-lr-Z tπ-‰p-Iƒ Ip-ac - I - Ø - -v F-Øn-°p-∂X - .-v Cu B-lzm-\-tØm-sS Pn20 d™p.
sj¿-∏I - f - p-sS k-tΩ-f\ - w 2 D-]-k-tΩ-f-\-ß-tfm-sS
tπ-‰p-If - pw kvt- {Sm-bpw th-Ws - a-¶n¬ I-gn-°mw. A-s√-¶n¬ Ip-ac - I
- Ø - p k-am-]n-®p. ò- 30\m-Wv k-tΩ-f\ - w Xp-Sß - n-
ao-\p-Iƒ-°-v Xo-‰b - m-tbm Im-en-Øo-‰b - m-tbm D-]t- bm-Kn- I-ch- m-Zw X-Sb - p-∂X - n¬ Iq- b-Xv. 31\pw 1\pam-bn-cp-∂p
°mw. Sp-X¬ k-lI - c- W - w, Un-Pn-‰¬ cw-Ks - Ø hn-I- sj¿-∏a - m-cp-sS Iq-Sn-°m-gN -v . 13 h¿-°n-Mv {Kq-∏p-
3000 tπ-‰p-If - pw 2000 kvt- {Sm-bp-am-W-v Pn-20 {]-Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ- k-\w km-[m-cW - ° - m-cn-se-Øm≥ \-S] - S- n, kv- I-fp-sS k-tΩ-f\ - h
- pw Pn20 t{Sm-bn-° (Pn20 hn-
°m-bn F-Øn-®X - .v- {Xo-Iƒ \-bn-°p-∂ hn-Ik - \ - ap-t∂-‰ß- ƒ, kp- I-kn-X cm-Py-ßƒ) k-tΩ-f\ - h - pw C-Xn-s\m-∏w
Xn-cp-h\ - ¥- ]- p-cw kz-tZ-in-bm-b hn-\b - -v _m-eI - r-jW -v \ - m- ÿn-c hn-Ik - \ - Ø - n-\p-≈ hn-]p-e km-[y-XI - ƒ tN¿-∂p. Pn20 Aw-Kc - m-Py-sØ {]-Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ
Wv- I-º\ - n-bp-sS am-t\-Pn-M-v U-bd - I- S-v ¿. h-en-b tπ-‰p-Iƒ- Xp-Sß - n hn-hn-[ hn-jb - ß - f - n¬ A-`n-{]m-b sF- Dƒ-s∏-sS 120 t]¿ ]-s¶-Sp-Øp.
°v- ]-Øp-cq-]b - pw sN-dn-b tπ-‰p-Iƒ-°-v A-©p-cq-]b - p-am- Iyw D-≠m-bX - m-bn A-[n-Ir-X¿ A-dn-bn-®p. C-¥y Pn20 A-[y-£ÿ - m-\Ø - v F-Øn-b ti-
Wv- hn-e. C-¥y≥ sj¿-∏ A-an-Xm-`v Im-¥n-s‚ A-[y- jw cm-Py-Øv 30 ÿ-eß - f - n-em-bn 50 k-tΩ-f\ - -
hn-\b - v kz-¥a - m-bn hn-Ik - n-∏n-® km-t¶-Xn-Ih - n-Zy-bm-W.v £-Xb - n-em-bn-cp-∂p tbm-Kw. cm-{„-Øe - h - s- ‚ ßƒ C-Xn-\I - w \-S∂ - p. C-\n D-Zt- ym-Kÿ - X - e -
\m-jW - ¬ C≥-Ãn-‰yq-´v Hm-^v C≥-d¿ Un-kn-πn-\d - n dn-k¿- {]-Xn-\n-[n-bm-bn kw-Ls - Ø \-bn-°p-∂ B- k-tΩ-f\ - w 6 ap-X¬ 9 h-sc Ip-ac - I- Ø- v C-tX
®p-am-bn ssI-tIm¿-Øv H-∂c - h - ¿-js - Ø K-th-jW - Ø - n- fm-Wv sj¿-∏. C-t∏m-gs - Ø _m-¶n-Mv co-Xn-bn¬ th-Zn-If
- n¬ \-S° - pw. B-Zy sj¿-∏ k-tΩ-f\ - w
eq-sS-bm-Wv B-Zy-sØ tKm-Xº - v X-hn-Sp-sIm-≠p-≈ tπ-‰n- am-‰a - p-≠m-IW - s - a-∂v Pn 7 cm-Py-ßf - pw B-{K- Un-kw-_d - n¬ D-Zb - ]
-v q-cn-em-Wv \-S∂ - X - .v sk-]-v
\v cq-]w sIm-Sp-ØX - .v cm-Py-Øn-s‚ ]-e `m-Kß - f - n¬-\n-∂v ln-°p-∂X - m-bn k-tΩ-f\ - Ø- n-s‚ ]p-tcm-KX - n ‰w-_¿ H≥-]X - n-\v \yq-U¬-ln-bn¬ Pn20 D-®-
H-cp F≥-Pn-\n-bd - n-Mv So-an-s‚ k-lm-bt- Øm-sS tdm-t_m- hn-iZ- o-Ic - n-®v A-an-Xm-`v Im-¥v ]-d™ - p. _m-en- tIm-Sn \-S° - pw.
ń-I-v b-{¥-Øn-\-v X-s∂ cq-]w sIm-Sp-Øp. H-∂c - t- °m-Sn cq-
]-bm-Wv Cu K-th-jW
X¬ ap-S° - n-bX - .v
- Ø- n-\pw b-{¥-ßƒ-°p-am-bn ap-
sh¬-°w {Un-¶v-kv Nn-c-´-°-∏p-I-fn¬
C-cn-°q¿: tIm-´b - w Ip-ac - I- -
Øv \-S∂ -- Pn 20 D-®t- Im-Sn D-Z-
tym-Kÿ- kw-Ka - Ø - n¬ sh¬-
°w {Un-¶vk - v \¬-Inb-Xv I-
Æq¿ ]-Sn-bq-cn¬ \n-∂p-≈ Nn-
c-´°
- ∏ - p-If - n¬. ]m-bw Ip-t∂m-
Øv kz-tZ-in tPm-bv tPm¿-Pn-
s‚ D-Sa- ÿ - X - b - n-ep-≈ ]-Sn-bq¿
A-ar-X C-t°m s{]m-UŒ - -v B-
Wv I-∏p-Iƒ X-bm-dm-°n-bn-´p-
≈-X.v 250 an-√n en-‰¿ sIm-≈p-
∂ 200 Nn-c´- I-∏p-Iƒ k-tΩ-f-
\w \-S° - p-∂ I-hW - m-‰n≥-Ic - - _w. _n-cp-Z ]T-\Ø - n-\p ti- ]m-{X-ßƒ Dƒ-s∏-sS C-hn-sS
bn-se sI-Sn-Un-kn hm-´¿ kv- jw 21-mw h-b - n¬ k-tlm-Zc - - \n¿-an-°p-∂p-≠v. kv] - q¨ X-
tI-]v dn-tkm¿-ń-se-Øn-®p. s\m-∏w N-μ\ - ° - mw-]m-db - n-em- s∂ sN-dp-Xpw h-ep-Xp-am-bn 15
]q¿-Wa - m-bn ]-cn-ÿn-Xn ku- Wv B-Zyw Nn-c´- D¬-]∂ - ß - - X-cw D-≠.v 100 an-√n ap-X¬ 900
lr-Z A-¥c - o-£Ø - n-em-Wv k- fp-sS bq-Wn-‰v B-cw-`n-®X - .v ]n- an-√n h-sc-bp-≈ hy-Xy-kX -v X-
tΩ-f\ - w \-S° - p-∂X - .v A-Xn-Yn- ∂o-Sv tIm-´b - w cm-a] - p-cØ
- v kp- cw ]m-{X-ßf - pw D-≠.v
Iƒ-°v kzm-K-X-tam-Xn I-cn- lr-Øp-am-bn tN¿-∂v bq-Wn-‰p Nn-c´- b
- pw sX-ßn≥ X-Sn-bpw
°n≥ sh-ff - w \¬-Im≥ kzm- Xp-S-ßn.C-sX-√mw H-gn-hm-°n D-]t- bm-Kn-®m-Wv \n¿-am-Ww. kv-
`m-hn-I •m-kv tX-Sn-bp-≈ kw- 2010 em-Wv ]-Sn-bq¿ ]-©m-b- ]q¨, N-´p-Iw Dƒ-s∏-sS-bp-≈-
Lm-SI - c - p-sS A-t\z-jW - a - m-Wv Øv kvt- ‰-Un-bØ - n-\p k-ao-]w h-bp-sS ]n-Sn-°m-bm-Wv sX-
tPm-bv tPm¿-Pn-te-s°-Øn-bX - .v kz-¥a - m-bn bq-Wn-‰v B-cw-`n-®- ßn≥ X-Sn D-]t- bm-Kn-°p-∂X - -v
Nn-c´- I-∏p-Is - f Ip-dn-®v A-dn- Xv. B-hi - y-°m¿ G-sd D-s≠- . Nn-c-´-bp-sS ssI-∏n-Sn sX-
™ sI-Sn-Un-kn dn-tkm¿-´v am- ¶n-epw tI-cf - Ø- n¬ Nn-c´- D¬- ßn≥ X-Sn-bn-epw Nn-c´- b - n-epw
t\-P¿ t\-cn-´v hn-fn-®m-Wv Hm¿- ]-∂ß - ƒ Ip-dh - m-sW-∂v tPm- H-cp-°m-dp-≠v. 15 sXm-gn-em-fn-
U¿ \¬-In-bX - .v bv tPm¿-Pv ]-db - p-∂p. C-Xm-Wv Iƒ tPm-en sN-øp-∂ ÿm-]-
]m-c-º-cy-am-bn I-c-Iu-i-e Cu ta-Je - Xn-cs - ™-Sp-°m≥ \-Øn¬ sa-jo≥ k-lm-b-
tPm-en sN-bX -v n-cp-∂h - c
- m-bn-cp- Im-cW- w.Nn-c´- I-∏n-\p ]p-dt- a tØm-sS-bm-Wv D¬-]∂ - ß - ƒ
∂p tPm-bv tPm¿-Pn-s‚ Ip-Spw- kv]- q¨, N-´p-Iw, P-§,v `-£W - \n¿-an-°p-∂X - v.
20 NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023
NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023  21
   a-Xn-bm-b {]o-an-bw t]-bs

tI-≠n h-cp-∂X
-v a‚p-Iƒ e-`n-°p-∂X
ºv t]m-fn-kn-bn¬-\n-∂v \n-ßƒ-°v Xp-I a-S°
- n-s‚ D-b¿-∂ km-[y-X A-h¿ ap≥-
Iq-ń Im-Wp-∂p, A-hc - p-sS Xm¬-∏c
- n-\v ap-
- n \¬-
- y-ßƒ kw-c£ - n-
 °m≥ A-h¿ \n-ßf - n¬ \n-∂v Iq-Sp-X¬ ]-Ww Cu-

Sm-°pw . A-Xn-\m¬, H-cp t]m-fn-kn F-Sp-°m≥ \n-
ßƒ F-{X-tØm-fw Im-Øn-cn-°p-∂p-thm, A-{X-b[
Iw ]-Ww \¬-tI-≠n-hc - pw.
- n-
cm-tP-jv h¿-Ko-kv {]m-bØ- n¬ X-s∂ H-cp sse-^v C≥-jp-d≥-kv t]m- \n-ßƒ-°-v t]m-fn-kn \n-tj-[n-°s - ∏-Smw
Chairman, Nerkazhcha fn-kn B-cw-`n-°p-∂X
- v H-cp an-I®
- Xo-cp-am-\a
- m-W.v \n-ßƒ bp-hX - z-hpw B-tcm-Ky-ap-≈ hy-‡n-bm-sW-
Owner /Agent RVS Insurance Group ¶n¬ Xm-cX - t- ay-\ th-KØ - n¬ t]m-fn-kn-°v Aw-Ko-
{]m-bh - pw B-tcm-Ky {]-i\ -v ß - f - pw Im-cw e-`n-°pw. F-∂m¬ \n-ßf - p-sS {]m-bØ - n-\\ - p-
832-273-0361 C-sXm-cp e-fn-Xa - m-b k-ah - m-Iy-am-W.v {]m-ba - m-Ip- k-cn-®,v B-tcm-Ky-{]-i\ -v ß- ƒ D-b¿-∂p-ht- ∂-°mw. {]m-
\nß- ƒ-°v C-t∏mƒ H-cp sse- tºmƒ B-tcm-Ky-{]-i\ -v ß
- ƒ D-≠m-Im-\p-≈ km-[y- b-hpw tcm-Kh - pw sse-^v C≥-jp-d≥-kv t]m-fn-kn-°v
^v C≥-jp-d≥-kv B-hi - y-am-sW- X h¿-≤n-°p-∂p. a-cn-°m-\p-≈ km-[y-Xb - pw Iq-Sp-X- \n-ßs - f A-tbm-Ky-cm-°pw. lr-Zb - {- ]-i\ -v ß - ƒ, D-b¿-
∂v \n-ßƒ I-cp-Xp-∂n-√m-bn-cn- em-bX - n-\m¬, Ip-d™ - k-ab - t- Ø-°v am-{Xw \n-ßƒ- ∂ sIm-fk - t-v {Smƒ, {]-ta-lw F-∂n-hb - pw a-‰v tcm-K-
°mw. F-∂m¬ t]m-fn-kn F-Sp- °v t]m-fn-kn-bp-sS {]o-an-bw A-Sb - t-v °-≠X - m-bn h- ß-fpw {]m-bØ - n-\\ - p-kc - n-®v {]-Xy-£s - ∏-Sm≥ km-
°m≥ Im-eX - m-ak - w h-cp-∂X - v cmw . C≥-jp-d≥-kv I-º\ - n-Iƒ \n-ßf - p-sS {]o-an-bw [y-Xb- p-≈ {]-i\ -v ß
- f - m-W.v C-sXm-s° D-s≠-¶n¬
Zo¿-LI - m-em-Sn-ÿm-\Ø - n¬ \n-ßs - f tZm-jI - c
- a
- m- \n¿-Æb - n-°p-tºmƒ Cu L-SI - ß - s - f-√mw I-W° - n- \n-ßƒ-°v t]m-fn-kn e-`n-°n-s√-∂m-Wv C-Xn-\¿-∞w.
bn _m-[n-°pw. \n-ßƒ-°v i-cn-°pw H-cp t]m-fn-kn se-Sp-°p-∂p. H-cp sse-^v C≥-jp-d≥-kv t]m-fn-kn C-Xp-t]m-ep-≈ {]-i\ -v ß - ƒ D-≠m-Ip-∂X - n-\v ap-ºv \n-
B-hi - y-am-sW-∂v tXm-∂p-∂X - p-hs- c Im-Øn-cn-°p-I F-Sp-°m≥ \n-ßƒ Im-Øn-cn-°p-∂ Hm-tcm h¿-jh - pw ßƒ H-cp t]m-fn-kn F-Sp-°p-Ib - m-sW-¶n¬, t]m-fn-
F-∂X - n-\¿-∞w \n-ßƒ-°v {]m-ba - m-bn B-tcm-Ky- \n-ßf - p-sS {]o-an-bw Iq-Sn sIm-≠n-cn-°pw. C≥-jp-d≥- kn {]m-_e - y-Øn¬ h-∂p I-gn-™m¬ \n-ßf - p-sS
{]-i\v- ß - ƒ D-≠m-Im-\p-≈ km-[y-X h¿-≤n-°p-sa- kv I-º\ - n \n-ßs - f D-b¿-∂ A-]I - S- k
- m-[y-Xb - p-≈- B-tcm-Ky-\n-eb - n-se am-‰ß - ƒ Im-cW - w C≥-jp-d≥-
∂p-am-W.v {]m-ba - m-Ip-t¥m-dpw D-b¿-∂ {]o-an-bß - ƒ h-cm-bn Im-Wp-∂X - n-\v Im-cW - a - m-Ip-∂ Nn-e B-tcm- kv I-º\ - n-°v t]m-fn-kn \n-tj-[n-°m-t\m, ]-Ww
A-St- °-≠n h-cp-sa-∂v am-{X-a√ - t]m-fn-kn ]q¿-Æa - m- Ky {]-i\ -v ß
- ƒ D-≠m-Im-\p-≈ km-[y-Xb - pw {]m-b- X-cm-Xn-cn-°m-t\m I-gn-bn-√.
ta-dp-∂t- Xm-sS h-∂p-tN¿-t∂-°mw . \n-ßf - n¬ \n-∂v www.rvsinsgroup.com ▲
bpw \n-ck - n-°s - ∏-s´-∂pw h-cmw . Po-hn-XØ - n¬ \-√
]-I¬ P-Uv-Pn, cm-{Xn t]m¨-Xm-cw, 

\n-c-h-[n \-Kv-\-Nn-{X-ßƒ; H-Sp-°w 
tPm-en-bn¬-\n-∂v ]p-d-Øv hm-jn-MS-v ¨: \n¿-an-X _p-
≤n (F.sF) A-[n-jT
b ]-cn-io-e\ - ß
v n-Xa
- ƒ \n¿-Øn-
- m-
]-db - p-∂p. 'Nm-‰P
s∏-Sp-∂ P-\t- d-‰o-hv A-I A-
Xn-s‚ hm-KZ-v m-\w sN-bX
-v n.]n.Sn Dƒ-
-v I-
hm-jn-Mv-S¨: sh-°W - s - a-∂v kmt¶-Xn-I gn-hp-Iƒ {]-IS- n-∏n-°p-∂ Im-
t]m¨ Ãm-dm- hn-Zym-cw-Ks - Ø hn-ZK - [-v ¿ X- e-Ø,v sXm-gn¬ hn-]W - n-bn¬
bn {]-h¿-Øn-® s∂ ap-∂d - n-bn-∏v \¬-tI-≠ A-Xv Im-cy-am-b {]-Xym-Lm-
bp-Fk - n-se P- km-lN - c
- yw h-∂n-cn-°p-Ib - m- X-ßf - p-≠m-°pw'. d- n-t∏m¿-´v ap-
UvP- n-°v tPm-en Wv. ∂-dn-bn-∏v \¬-In. bp.F-kn-
t]m-bn. P-UP -v n- \n¿-an-X _p-≤n A-[n-jT v n- se-bpw bq-tdm-∏n-se-bpw aq-
bm- b n {]- h ¿- X-am-b hn-hn-[ kw-hn-[m-\ß - ƒ hn-Ik - n-∏n-°m- ∂n¬ c-≠v tPm-en-If - pw H-cp ]-cn-[n-hs - c Hm-t´m-
Øn- ° p- ∂ - X n- \p-≈ In-Sa - ’ - c - w Kp-cp-Xc - {]-i\ -v ß
- ƒ-°v Im- ta-‰v sN-øs - ∏-Sp-sa-∂pw A-Xn¬ Nq-≠n-°m-´p-∂p.
s \ m - ∏ w c-Wa - m-Ip-sa-∂v Szn-‰¿ ta-[m-hn C-tem¨ a-k-v A-Ua -v n-\n-kt-v {S-‰o-hv ta-Je - b - n¬ 46 i-Xa - m-\h- pw
t]m¨ Xm-ca - m- Ipw B-∏nƒ k-l ÿm-]I - ≥ Ão-hv thm-k\ -v n- \n-ba - ta-Je - b- n¬ 44 i-Xa - m-\h- pw tPm-en-Iƒ
bn A-«o-e sh- bm-°pw H-∏p-sh-® Xp-d∂ - I-Øn¬ ]-db - p-∂p. F.sF sN-øp-∂ km-lN - c - y-ap-≠m-Im≥ km-[y-
_vs - sk-‰p-If - n¬ {]-Xy-£s - ∏-´ {Kn-Kd - n F. tem-°v F-∂ ap-∏- F.sF Nm-‰t-v _m-´m-b Nm-‰P -v n.]n.Sn th-cp-]n-Sn- X-bp-≠v. 'km-ºØ - n-I h-f¿-®b - n¬ B¿-ń-^n-
Øn-aq-∂p-Im-c\ - m-Wv H-Sp-hn¬ tPm-en-bn¬-\n-∂v X-dn-®X - .v ®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂ k-ab - Ø - m-Wv sS-Iv hn-ZK - -v jy¬ C≥-de - n-P≥-kn≥-sd {]-Xym-Lm-Xß - ƒ'
\yq-tbm¿-°v A-Ua -v n-\n-kt-v {S-‰o-hv P-UP -v n-bm-b C-t±-lw cm-{Xn- [¿ X-ßf - p-sS B-i¶ - ]-¶p-sh-®v cw-KØ - p-hc - p- F-∂ K-th-jW - {]-_‘ - Ø - n-em-Wv C-°m-cy-
bm-bm¬ H¨-en-^m≥-kv F-∂ sh-_s -v sk-‰n-se t]m¨ Xm-c- ∂-Xv F-∂X - m-Wv {i-t≤-bw. ßƒ ]-db - p-∂X - .v
hpw Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. C-Xp-hg- n sh-_s -v sk-‰n-se Hm-tcm D-]t- bm- Nm-‰P -v n.]n.Sn A-s√-¶n¬ B¿-ń-^n-jy¬ C‚- A-tX-ka - b
- w F.sF km-t¶-Xn-I ]p-tcm-KX - n
‡m-°f - n¬-\n-∂pw {]-Xn-am-kw 12 tUm-f¿ sh-®v k-ºm-Zn-°p-I- en-P≥-kv \n-ch - [ - n sXm-gn-eh - k - c - ß - ƒ a-\p-jy- ]p-Xn-b sXm-gn-eh - k - c - ß- ƒ kr-„n-°p-sa-∂ ip-
bpw sN-bX -v n-cp-∂p. \n-eh - n¬ \q-dn-e[ - n-Iw \-K\ -v Nn-{X-ßƒ C- cn¬ \n-∂v I-h¿-s∂-Sp-°p-sa-∂v ]-ec - pw kq-N- `-kq-N\ - b - pw \¬-Ip-∂p-≠v. Nm-‰P v- n.]n.Sn t]m-
t±-lØ - n-t‚-Xm-bn H¨-en-^m≥-kn-ep-≠v. \ \¬-In-bn-cp-∂p. \nt£] _m¶mb tKmƒUv ep-≈ P-\t- d-‰o-hv F.sF kw-hn-[m-\ß - ƒ-°v a-
H¨-en-^m≥-kn¬ Aw-Ka - m-bX - n-\p ]p-dt- a a-s‰m-cp A-«o-e sh- am≥ kmNvk - n-s‚ G-‰h - pw ]p-Xn-b dn-t∏m¿-ń- \p-jy-sc t]m-se X-s∂ D-≈S- ° - w kr-„n-°m≥
_vs - sk-‰m-b 'P-Ãt-v ^m¿.^m≥-kn'epw C-bmƒ-°v A-°u-≠p- epw G-sd B-i¶ - b
- p-≠m-°p-∂ Im-cy-ßf - m-Wv I-gn-bpw. D¬-∏m-Z\ - £ - a - X- b - n¬ Ip-Xn-®p-Nm-´w D-
≠v. A-hn-sS Hm-tcm D-]t- bm-‡m-°f - n¬-\n-∂pw In-´p-∂ h-cp-am- ]-db- p-∂X - .v P-\t- d-‰o-hv B¿-ń-^n-jy¬ C‚-en- ≠m-tb-°mw. C-Xv B-tKm-f Pn.Un.]n-sb G-gv
\-am-hs - ´, 9.99 tUm-f¿. P≥-kv `m-hn-bn¬ 30 tIm-Sn sXm-gn-eh - k
- c - ß
- - i-Xa - m-\w h-sc D-b¿-Øn-tb-°p-sa-∂pw dn-t∏m¿-
"]-I¬ sh-≈t- °m-f¿ s{]m-^j - W - e - pw cm-{Xn A¨-s{]m-^- sf _m-[n-t®-°m-sa-∂v A-hc - p-sS dn-t∏m¿-ń¬ ń¬ ]-db - p-∂p.
j-We - pw' F-∂m-Wv H¨-en-^m≥-kv sh-_s -v sk-‰n-s‚ Un-k{-v In-
]vj
- \ - n¬ C-bmƒ kz-bw hn-ti-jn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂X - .v {Kn-Kd - n-bp-sS
A-°u-≠n¬ \n-ch
Szn-‰d - n-epw C-bmƒ \-K\
- [ - n \-K\
v- N
-v N
- n-{X-ßf
- n-{X-ßf
- pw ho-Un-tbm-If
- pw ho-Un-tbm-If
- p-ap-≠.v
- pw t]m-Ãv
d-jy-bn¬ am-[y-a-{]-h¿-Ø-I≥ A-d-Ãn¬, A-]-e-]n-®v ssh-‰v lu-kv
sN-bX -v n-cp-∂p. H-∏w, Xm-s\m-cp P-UP -v n-bm-sW-∂ Im-cyw hy-‡- ]n.]n. sN-dn-bm≥ k¿-ho-kv (F-^F -v k - _ -v n) hym- A-tX-ka - b- w d-jy≥ k¿-
am-°p-Ib - pw sN-bX -v n-cp-∂p. P-UP -v n-bp-sS C-c´- t- h-jw ]p-dØ - m-b- hm-jn-MS-v ≥-: d-jy-bn¬ A- gm-gN
-v In-g° - ≥ \-Kc - a- m-b sb- °m¿ A-ta-cn-°≥ ]u-c∑ - m-
tXm-sS-bm-Wv tPm-en-bn¬-\n-∂v ]n-cn-®p-hn-Sp-∂ \-S] - S- n-bn-te-°v ta-cn-°≥ am-[y-a{- ]-h¿-ØI - - °m-s‰-dn≥-_¿-Kn¬ sK¿-jv- sc e-£y-an-Sp-∂X - v Aw-Ko-
A-[n-Ir-X¿ I-S∂ - X - .v s{]m-^j - W - ¬ kz-`m-hw hn-´p-≈ s]-cp-am- s\ A-dÃ - v sN-bX -v kw-`h - - tIm-hn-®n-s\ X-Sb - p-Ib - m-bn-cp- I-cn-°m-\m-hn-s√-∂v ssh-‰v
‰-Øn≥-sd t]-cn-em-Wv A-[n-Ir-Xc - p-sS \-S] - S- n. C-bm-fp-sS s]-cp- sØ A-]e - ]
- n-®p ssh-‰v ∂p. F-∂m¬ hmƒ kv-{So-‰v lu-kv {]-kv sk-{I-´d - n I-
am-‰s - Ø A-Xo-h Kp-cp-Xc - a- m-bm-Wv \yq-tbm¿-°v kn-‰n A-[n-Ir- lu-k.v tP¿-W¬ Nm-ch - r-Øn B-tcm- co≥ Po≥ ]n-bd - n {]-kX -v m-
X¿ Im-Wp-∂X - .v hmƒ kv{- So-‰v tP¿-W¬ dn- ]-Wß - ƒ \n-tj-[n-®p. tam-k-v h-\b - n¬ ]-d™ - p.
\yq-tbm¿-°v kn-‰n-bn-se B-fp-Iƒ-°v A-hc - p-sS tIm-SX - n-tbm-Sv t∏m¿-´¿ C-hm≥ sK¿-jv- tIm B-ÿm-\a- m-bn {]-h¿-Øn- C-hm≥ sK¿-jt-v Im-hn-®n-\v
]-ca - a- m-b hn-izm-ka - p-≠m-bn-cn-°W - w. {Kn-Kd - n-sb-t∏m-ep-≈h - s
- c tIm-hn-®n-s\-bm-Wp (31) Nm- °p-∂ X-ßf - p-sS dn-t∏m¿-´s - d A-ta-cn-°≥ tIm¨-kp-te-
C-Øc - w ]-Zh - n-If - n-en-cp-Øp-∂X - v \-Ωp-sS s{]m-^j - W - e - n-kØ - n- c-hr-Øn B-tcm-]n-®v A-dÃ - v D-S≥ tam-Nn-∏n-°W - s - a-∂p A- ‰p-am-bn _-‘s - ∏-Sp-∂X - n-\p-
epw \n-j] -v £ - X - b - n-ep-ap-≈ B-fp-If - p-sS hn-izm-kØ - n-\v a-ß- sN-bX v- X
- v. `y¿-∞n-®p-sIm-≠v {]-kX -v m-h\ - ≈ {I-ao-Ic - W
- ß - ƒ sN-b-v
s^-U-d¬ sk-Iyq-cn-‰n ]p-ds - ∏-Sp-hn-®n-´p-≠.v Xp-hc - n-Ib
- m-Wv.
te¬-∏n-°p-sa-∂v kn-‰n Iu¨-kn¬ A-[n-Ir-X¿ A-dn-bn-®p.
22 NERKAZHCHA
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NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023  23
ssh-°w k-Xy-{K-l i-Xm-–n
B-tLm-j-Øn-\v Xp-S-°-am-bn
ssh-°w: a-X\ - n-ct- ]-£X - kw-c£ - n-°m≥ tI-cf - h
- pw X-an-g\ -v m-
Spw tXm-tfm-Sp tXmƒ tN¿-∂p \n¬-°p-sa-∂ {]-Jym-]\ - t- Øm-
sS ssh-°w k-Xy-{K-l i-Xm-–n B-tLm-jØ - n-\v Xp-S° - a - m-
bn. ap-Jy-a-{¥n ]n-W-dm-bn hn-P-b-\pw X-an-gv-\m-Sv ap-Jy-a-{¥n
Fw.sI.Ãm-en-\pw H-cp-an-®p Xn-cn-sX-fn-®t- Xm-sS kw-ÿm-\ k¿-
°m¿ kw-LS- n-∏n-°p-∂ 603 Zn-hk - w \o-fp-∂ B-tLm-jß - ƒ
B-cw-`n-®p. I¿-Wm-SI
- Nn-{X Zp¿-Kb
- n-se F-bt-v dm-t\m-ń-°¬ sS-Ãv td-©n¬ C-kt-v dm \-SØ
- n-b B¿-F¬-hn se-Ik
-v v
ssh-°w Im-b-tem-c-Øp \-S-∂ k-tΩ-f-\-Øn¬ a-{¥n ]-co-£W
- Ø- n-s‚ Zr-iyw.
hn.F≥.hm-kh - ≥ A-[y-£X - h-ln-®p. a-{¥n-am-cm-b k-Pn sN-dn-
bm≥, sI.cm-[m-Ir-jW
hn¬, Un-Fw-sI {S-jd
sI. am-Wn, tXm-ak
-v ≥, B‚-Wn cm-Pp, A-lΩ - Z- v tZ-h¿-tIm-
- ¿ Sn.B¿._m-ep, Fw-]n-am-cm-b tPm-kv
- v Nm-gn-Im-S≥, _n-t\m-bv hn-izw, kn-]n-Fw X- 

an-g\
-v m-Sv kw-ÿm-\ sk-{I-´d - n sI._m-eI - r-jW-v ≥, kn-]n-sF
kw-ÿm-\ sk-{I-´d - n Im-\w cm-tP-{μ≥, F-kF -v ≥-Un-]n tbm-
Kw P-\d - ¬ sk-{I-´d - n sh-≈m-∏≈ - n \-tS-i≥, sI-]n-Fw-Fk - v P-
\-d¬ sk-{I-´d - n ]p-∂e - {io-Ip-am¿, tI-cf - \-thm-∞m-\ k-an-Xn
● 
Xn-cp-h\ - ¥- ] - p-cw: hn-am-\ß - s - f-t∏m-se, D-]t- bm- F¬-hn em≥-Un-Mv ]-co-£W - w (B¿-F¬-hn- -
Kw I-gn-™m¬ kp-c£ - n-Xa - m-bn d¨-th-bn¬ se-Ik v- v) \-SØ - n-bX - v. _-ln-cm-Im-iØ - p t]m-
Xn-cn-®n-d° - m-hp-∂ hn-t£-]W - hm-l\ - Ø- n-s‚ b ti-jw Xn-cn-s®-Øp-∂ hm-l\ - Ø - n-s‚ F-
em≥-Un-Mv ]-co-£W - w (se-Ik -v )v hn-Pb - w. C- √m A-hÿ - I - f - pw k-÷a - m-°n-bm-Wv B¿-F¬-
¥y≥ _-ln-cm-Im-i K-th-jW - kw-LS- \ - b- p- hn Hm-´t- Wm-ak - v em≥-Un-Mv \-SØ - n-bX - .v {`-aW - -
sS (C-kt-v dm) ]p-\c - p-]t- bm-Kn-°m-hp-∂ hn-t£- ]-YØ - n¬-\n-∂p Xn-cn-sI hn-t£-]W - hm-l\ - w
]-W hm-l\ - w (B¿-F¬-hn) I¿-Wm-SI - Ø- n- h-cp-tºmƒ ]m-Xb - n¬ D-≠m-Ip-∂ D-b¿-∂ th-
kw-ÿm-\ P-\d - ¬ sk-{I-´d - n ]n.cm-a`- {- Z≥, No-^v sk-{I-´d - n se Nn-{X-Zp¿-K F-bt-v dm-t\m-ń-°¬ sS-Ãv td- Kw, kz-b\ - n-b{- ¥n-Xa - m-b I¨-t{Sm-fp-Iƒ, Ir-
hn.]n.tPm-bn, I-eŒ - ¿ tUm. ]n.sI.P-b{- io F-∂n-h¿ {]-kw-Kn- ©n¬ (F-Sn-B¿) Rmb-dmgvNcm-hn-se-bm-Wv Xy-am-b em≥-Un-M,v em≥-Un-Mv am-\Z- fi - ß
- f - m-
®p. ssh-°w h-en-b I-he - b - n-se a-lm-flm Km-‘n, C.hn.cm-a- ]-co-£W - ∏ - d - °
- ¬ \-SØ - n-bX - .v b `q-an-bp-sS B-t]-£n-I th-Kw, em≥-Un-Mv Ko-
kzm-an \m-b° -v ¿, Sn.sI.am-[h - ≥, a-∂Ø - v ]-fl\ - m-`≥ F-∂n-hc - p- Nn-dI - p-≈ hn-t£-]W - hm-l\ - w sl-en-tIm- b-dp-If - p-sS kn-¶v \n-c° - ,v Ir-Xy-am-b t_m-Un
sS kva - r-Xna-fi] - ß - f - n¬ ]p-j] -v m¿-®\ - \-SØ- n-bn-´m-Wv C-cp ap- ]vS- d
- n¬ 4.5 In-tem-ao-‰¿ D-bc - Ø - n¬ sIm-≠p- \n-c°- p-Iƒ Xp-Sß - n-bh - k-÷a - m-°n-bn-cp-∂p.
Jy-a{- ¥n-am-cpw th-Zn-bn-se-Øn-bX - .v ssh-°w k-Xy-{K-ln-If - m-b t]m-bn d¨-th-bn¬ Hm-´t- Wm-ak - v em≥-Un-Mv Ir-Xy-am-b \m-hn-tK-j≥ lm¿-Us -v h-bd - pw tkm-
Ip-™m-∏n, _m-lp-te-b≥, tKm-hn-μ∏ - W- n-°¿, B-aN - m-Sn tX- \-SØ - p-∂ B-Zy cm-Py-sa-∂ t\-´h - pw C-¥y-b-v ^v‰- s-v h-bd - pw, kyq-tUm sse-‰v kn-Ãw, sI-F
h≥, F.cm-a≥C-fb - X - v F-∂n-h¿-°m-bn H-cp-°n-b kva - r-Xna-fi- °p kz-¥a - m-bn. cm-hn-se 7.10\v, B¿-F¬-hn _m≥-Uv d-Um¿ Bƒ-ń-ao-‰¿, \m-hn-Iv dn-ko-h¿,
]-ßf - n-epw ]n-Wd- m-bnhn-Pb - \- pw Ãm-en-\pw ]p-j] -v m¿-®\ - \-SØ- n. h-ln-®p-sIm-≠v C-¥y≥ F-b¿-t^m-gk -v n-s‚ Nn- X-t±-io-b em≥-Un-Mv Ko-b¿, F-bt-v dm-t^m-bn¬
\q-°v sl-en-tIm-]‰ -v ¿ ]-d∂ - p-b¿-∂p. k-ap-{Z-\n- l-Wn-tImw-]-v No-∏v ^n≥-k,v t{_-°v ]m-cj - q-´v
c-∏n¬-\n-∂v 4.5 In-tem-ao-‰¿ D-bc - Ø - n¬ B¿- kn-Ãw F-∂n-hb - pƒ-s∏-sS-bp-≈ km-t¶-Xn-I hn-
F¬-hn-bp-sS an-j≥ am-t\-Ps -v a‚ v Iw-]yq-´¿ I- Zy-Iƒ Zu-Xy-Øn-\p th-≠n hn-Ik - n-∏n-®p.
am≥-Un-s‚ A-Sn-ÿm-\Ø - n¬ ap≥-Iq-ń \n-›- C-Xn-\p th-≠ K-Xn-\n¿-Wb - km-t¶-Xn-I hn-
bn-® ÿm-\w, th-Kw, D-bc - w, t_m-Un td-‰v Xp- Zy-Iƒ `q-cn-`m-Kh - pw C-kt-v dm X-t±-io-ba - m-bn hn-
S-ßn-b 10 ]n¬-t_m-Ik -v v am-\Z- fi - ß
- ƒ ssI- I-kn-∏n-s®-Sp-Øh - b - m-W.v hn-am-\ß - f - p-sS am-Xr-
h-cn-® ti-jw C‚-t{K-‰U - v \m-hn-tK-j≥, !ssK- I-bn¬ hm-bp-hn-s\ \n-b{- ¥n-®v em≥-Un-Mv {I-
U≥-kv B≥-Uv I¨-t{Smƒ kn-Ãw D-]t- bm-Kn- ao-Ic - n-°p-∂ F-bt-v dm-ssU-\m-an-Iv cq-]I - ¬-]\ - -
®m-Wv em≥-Un-Mv \-SØ - n-bX - .v bm-Wv B¿-F¬-hn-°.v B¿-F¬-hn se-Ik -v n-\p
7.40\v F-Sn-B¿ F-b¿ kv{- Sn-∏n¬ kz-bw em≥- th-≠n hn-Ik - n-∏n-s®-Sp-Ø km-t¶-Xn-I hn-Zy-
Un-Mv ]q¿-Øn-bm-°n. _-ln-cm-Im-i hm-l\ - - Iƒ C-kt-v dm-bp-sS a-‰p hn-t£-]W - hm-l\ - ß - -
ß-fp-sS sN-eh - v Ip-db - ° -v p-∂ K-th-jW - ß - f - n- sf-bpw Iq-Sp-X¬ sN-eh - p Ip-d™ - X
- m-°m≥ k-
se ]p-Xn-b \m-gn-I° - √ - m-Wv B¿-F¬-hn. 2016 lm-bn-°pw. 2019 ¬ C‚¿-t{K-‰U - v \m-hn-tK-j≥
sI.]n.kn.kn. kw-LS- n-∏n-® ssh-°w k-Xym-{K-l i-Xm-–n B-tLm-jß - f - p-sS ta-bn¬ B¿-F¬-hn Sn-Un sl-Ik -v v hm-l\ - w ]-co-£W - w D-]t- bm-Kn-®m-Wv se-Ik -v v Xp-Sß - n-
D-ZvL
- m-S\
- w \n¿-hl - n-°m-s\-Øn-b tIm¨-{K-kv A-[y-£≥ a-√n-Im¿-Pp≥ Jm¿- _w-Kmƒ Dƒ-°S- e - n-\p ap-If - n-se km-¶¬-∏n-I b-X.v C-kt-v dm sN-b¿-am≥ F-k.v tkm-a\ - m-Yn-s‚
sK-sb th-Zn-bn-te-°v kzo-Ic - n-°p-∂p. {]-Xn-]£
- t- \-Xm-hv hn.Un. k-Xo-i≥, d¨-th-bn¬ em≥-Un-Mv \-SØ - n-bn-cp-∂p. A-Xn- km-∂n-[y-Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p ]-co-£W - w. U-bd- Œ - ¿
sI.]n.kn.kn. A-[y-£≥ sI. kp-[m-Ic - ≥, F-dW
- m-Ip-fw Un.kn.kn. {]-kn-
U‚ v ap-lΩ - Z- v jn-bm-kv, c-ta-iv sN-∂n-Øe - Fw.F¬.F., F.sF.kn.kn. P-\- \p ti-ja - m-Wv b-Ym¿-Y d¨-th-bn¬ Ir-Xy-am- tUm.F-k.v D-Æn-Ir-jW -v ≥ \m-b¿, F-Sn-Fk - ] -v n
d¬ sk-{I-´d - n sI.kn. th-Wp-tKm-]m¬, cm-Pvt- am-l≥ D-Æn-Øm≥ Fw.]n. Xp-S- bn em≥-Un-Mv \-SØ - p-tºmƒ t\-cn-Sm-hp-∂ sh- t{]m-{Kmw U-bd - Œ - ¿ F≥.iymw tam-l≥ F-∂n-
ßn-bh - ¿ k-ao-]w √p-hn-f!n-Iƒ I-s≠-Øn ]-cn-lc - n-°m≥ B¿- h¿ So-ap-Is - f \-bn-®p.
k-Ω¿-Z-Øn-em-bm¬ sN-Sn-Iƒ kw-km-cn-°pw, -I-c-bpw

● 
sS¬ A-ho-h:v sN-Sn-Iƒ kw-km-cn-°p-Ib - pw I-c- i-–w-tc-Js - ∏-Sp-Øpw-ap-ºv A-\p-Iq-eh - pw {]-Xn-
bp-Ib - pw sN-øp-sa-∂v C-{k-tb-en-se H-cp-Iq-´w k- Iq-eh- p-am-b ]-e km-lN - c - y-ßf - n-eq-sS-bpw sN-Sn-
ky-im-k{-v X-⁄¿. sN-Sn-Iƒ-°v kw-km-ct- i-jn- I-sf I-SØ - n-hn-´p. Nn-e sN-Sn-Iƒ A-©p-Zn-hk - -
bp-s≠-∂pw k-Ω¿-ZØ - n-em-Ip-∂ k-ab - Ø - v A- tØ-°v \-\® - n-√. Nn-eX - n¬ D-±o-]\ - a - p-≠m-Im-Xn-
Xn-s‚ Xo-{h-X Iq-Sp-Xe - m-sW-∂p-am-Wv sS¬ A- cn-°m≥ Zn-hk - ß- t- fm-fw kv] - ¿-in-®n-√. Nn-eX - n-
ho-hv k¿-hI - e - m-im-em K-th-jI - ¿ I-s≠-Øn-b- s‚ Im-fiw ap-dn-®p-am-‰n. kv] - ¿-i\ - a- n-√m-sX sN-
Xv. sN-Sn-Iƒ ]p-ds - ∏-Sp-hn-°p-∂ i-–w K-th-j- Sn-Iƒ a-Wn-°q-dn¬ H-cp-Xh - W - i-–w ]p-ds - ∏-Sp-
I¿ sd-t°m-Uv sN-bX -v p. t]m-∏t-v Im¨ s]m-´p-tºm- hn-®p. sh-≈w e-`n-°m-ØX - pw ap-dn-th-‰X - p-am-bh -
gp-≠m-Ip-∂ i-–Ø - n-\p k-am-\a - m-Wn-sX-∂v im- a-Wn-°q-dn¬ U-k≥-IW - ° - n-\v i-–w ]p-ds - ∏-Sp-
kv{- X-⁄¿ ]-db - p-∂p. a-\p-jy≥ kw-km-cn-°p-∂ hn-®p.
i-–h - p-am-bn C-Xn-\p km-ay-ap-≠.v ]-t£, D-b¿- Cu i-–w K-th-jI - ¿ sd-t°m-Uv sN-bX -v p. 40
∂ B-hr-Øn-bp-≈X - n-\m¬ a-\p-jy-s‚ {i-hW - - W-en-em-Wv {]-kn-≤o-Ic - n-®X
- .v sN-Sn-Iƒ-°v A-\p-Iq- ap-X¬ 80 h-sc In-tem-sl¿-Sk -v v B-hr-Øn-bp-≈
]-cn-[n-°∏ - p-dØ- p-≈ Cu i-–w tIƒ-°m≥-Ig- n- e-a√
- m-Ø k-Ω¿-Zw-\n-d™ - Np-‰p-]m-Sn¬ A-h I-cb - p- i-–a - m-Wv tc-Js - ∏-Sp-Øn-bX - v. 16 In-tem-sl¿-Sv-
bn-√. I-bpw Aƒ-{Sm-tkm-Wn-Iv B-hr-Øn-bn-ep-≈ i-–w kv h-sc-bp-≈ i-–a - m-Wv a-\p-jy-\v tIƒ-°m≥
πm‚ v k-b≥-kv B≥-Uv ^p-Uv sS-It-v \m-fP - n s{]m- ]p-ds
- ∏-Sp-hn-°p-Ib - pw sN-øpw. i-–A - d- , l-cn-XK- r-l- I-gn-bp-I. i-–w hn-iI - e - \ - w sN-øm≥ \n¿-an-X-
^-k¿ en-em-®v l-Zm-\n, s{]m-^. tbm-kn tbm- ßƒ F-∂n-hb - °-v p-≈n¬ h-f¿-Øn-b X-°m-fn, ]p-I- _p-≤n-bp-sS k-lm-bw tX-Sn. C-Xn-em-Wv k-Ω¿-Z-
h¬ F-∂n-hc - p-sS t\-Xr-Xz-Øn¬ \-S∂ - ]T-\- bn-e, tKm-Xº - v, tNm-fw, I-≈n-apƒ-s®-Sn Xp-Sß - n-b tXm-X\ - p-kc- n-®v i-–Ø - n-ep-≠m-Ip-∂ hy-Xn-bm-\w
Øn-se I-s≠-Ø¬'sk¬' F-∂ im-k{v- X-tP- sN-Sn-If
- n-em-bn-cp-∂p ]-co-£W - w. a-\ - n-em-bX - v.
24 NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023
NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023  25
 \n¿-am-Ww ic-thKw

\yq-U¬-ln : C-¥y-bpw a-te-jy-bpw X-Ωn-ep-≈ hym-]m-c C-S-
]m-Sp-Iƒ C-\n C-¥y≥ cq-]b - n-epw \-SØ - mw. tUm-f¿ B-{i-b-
Xzw Ip-db - ° -v p-Ib - pw cq-]s - b i-‡n-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ib - pw sN-øp-∂X - n-
\m-Wp \-S] - S- n. C-d°- p-aX- n-bpw I-b‰ - p-aX
- n-bpw sN-øp-∂h - ¿-°v cq-
]-bn¬ hym-]m-cw \-SØ - m-\m-Ipw.
cm-Pym-¥c - hym-]m-cw C-¥y≥ cq-]b - n¬ \-SØ - m≥ 2022 Pq-sse-
bn-em-Wp dn-k¿-hv _m-¶v A-\p-aX - n \¬-In-bX - .v t\-∏mƒ, `q-´m≥
H-gn-sI cm-Py-ßf - p-am-bp-≈ hym-]m-cw tUm-f¿, kvs - ‰¿-en-Mv ]u-
≠v, bq-tdm, sb≥ Xp-Sß - n-b I-d≥-kn-If - n-em-IW - s - a-∂m-bn-cp-
∂p A-Xp-hs - c-bp-≈ N-´w. hym-]m-cw \-SØ - p-∂ cm-Py-sØ-bpw
C-¥y-bn-se-bpw _m-¶p-If - n-se thm-kt-v {Sm A-°u-≠n-eq-sS-bm- \n¿-am-Ww ]q¿-Øn-bm-Ip-∂ ]p-Xn-b ]m¿-es - a‚ v a-μn-cw k-μ¿-in-°m≥ hym-gm-gvN - cm-{Xn {]-[m-\a - {- ¥n \-tc-{μ-tam-Zn
F-Øn-bt- ∏mƒ. H-cp a-Wn-°q-tdm-fw C-hn-sS sN-eh - g
- n-® {]-[m-\a
- {- ¥n \n¿-am-W] - p-tcm-KX
- n hn-eb
- n-cp-Øn. kv] - o-°¿
Ipw C-S] - m-S.v hn-tZ-iØ - p-≈ _m-¶n-s‚ t]-cn¬ a-s‰m-cp _m-¶v Hmw _n¿-fb
- pw Iq-sS-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]m¿-es- a‚ v a-μn-cØ- n-s‚ D-ZL v- m-S\
- w ssh-Im-sX-bp-≠m-Ipw.
Xp-Sß- p-∂ A-°u-≠m-Wn-X.v
a-Wn-°q-dn¬ 100 In.ao th-Kw; tI-c-f-Øn-\v kv-{Xo-I-fp-sS hn-hm-l-{]m-bw D-b¿-Øp-∂-Xn-s\

B-Zy h-tμ-`m-c-Xv s{S-bn≥ A-Sp-Ø-am-kw F-Xn¿-Øv tI-c-fw; tI-{μ-Øn-\v I-Ø-b-®p Xn-cp-h\
≈ Ip-d™
- ¥
-
- ] - p-cw: kv{- Xo-If
{]m-b] - c
- p-sS hn-hm-lØ
- n-[n 21 B-°m-\m-bn tI-
- n-\p- Øn¬ ]-db - p-∂p. C-ßs
j-∑m¿-°pw kv{- Xo-Iƒ-°pw am-\k
- \-bp-≠m-Ip-∂X
- n-I k-Ω¿-±-
- v ]p-cp-
]-Ø\ - w-Xn-´ : tI-cf - Ø- n-
\p-≈ B-Zy h-tμ-`m-cX - v s{S- {μ k¿-°m¿ sIm-≠p-hc - p-∂ \n-ba - t`-ZK - X - n- ßƒ-°pw Im-cW - a - m-Ipw. \n¿-_‘ - n-X K¿-`w
bn≥ A-Sp-Ø am-kw e-`n- sb F-Xn¿-Øv tI-cf - Ø- n-s‚ I-Ø.v kw-ÿm-\ A-ek - n-∏n-°e - n-\v Im-cW - a - m-Ipw. A-Xp-sIm-≠v
°pw. ta-bv ]-Ip-Xn-tbm-sS h-\n-Xm-in-ip-hn-Ik - \ - h-Ip-∏m-Wv kv{- Xo-If - p-sS hn-hm-l{- ]m-ba - p-b¿-Øp-∂X - v {]m-tbm-Kn-I X-e-
s{S-bn-\n-s‚ ]-co-£W - t- bm- hn-hm-l{- ]m-bw D-b¿-Øp-∂X - n-s\-Xn-sc I-Ø- Øn¬ km-[y-am-In-√.
´w \-S° - pw. h-tμ-`m-cX - v s{S- b-®X - .v 1875se \n-ba - {- ]-Im-cw {]m-b] - q¿-Øn thm- 18 h-bk - m-b H-cp s]¨-Ip-ń-°v X-s‚ t\-Xm-
bn-\p-If - p-sS A-‰I - p-‰∏ - W - n- ´-hI
- m-iw 18 h-bk - m-sW-∂X - pw k-ΩX - {- ]-Im-c- hn-s\ Xn-cs - ™-Sp-°m≥ A-hI - m-iw e-`n-°p-
°p-≈ ku-Ic - yw sIm-®p- ap-≈ im-co-cn-I _-‘Ø - n-\v 18 h-bk - m-bn-cn-°- ∂p. F-∂m¬ X-s‚ Po-hn-X ]-¶m-fn-sb Xn-c-
th-fn-bn¬ ]q¿-Øn-bm-bn. 2 W-sa-∂ t]m-It-v km \n-ba - Ø- n-se hy-hÿ - b - p- s™-Sp-°m≥ A-hI - m-iw \¬-Im-Xn-cn-°p-∂X - v
]n-‰s
-v se-\p-Iƒ C-Xn-\m-bn sam-s° Nq-≠n-°m-ń-bm-Wv tI-cf - w hn-hm-l{- ]m- kzm-X{- ¥y \n-tj-[a - m-W.v 18 h-bk - m-Ip-∂t- Xm-
ssh-Zyp-Xo-Ic - n-®p. sN-ss∂ b-ap-b¿-Øp-∂X - n-s\-Xn-sc \n-e] - m-sS-Sp-ØX - v. sS \n-ba - ] - c - a- m-bn A-hƒ {]m-b] - q¿-Øn-bm-bn
tIm-b-º-Øq¿ dq-ń-se Øp-I. F-dW - m-Ip-fw ap-X¬ bq-ssW-‰U - v t\-j≥-kv lyq-a≥ ssd-‰k -v v Iu¨- I-gn-™p. F-√m hy-hÿ - m-]n-X am¿-Kß - f - pw A-
t]m-se 8 Im¿ (tIm-®v) h- Xn-cp-h\ - ¥ - ] - p-cw h-sc a-Wn- kn¬, bp-Wn-sk-^v F-∂n-hc - p-sS {]-ta-bß - ƒ h-sf {]m-b] - q¿-Øn-bm-bX - m-bn I-W° - m-°pw.
tμ-`m-c-Xv s{S-bn-\m-bn-cn- °q-dn¬ 75, 90, 100 In-tem- {]-Im-cw 18 h-bk - n-\v Xm-sg-bp-≈ hn-hm-lß - ƒ F-∂m¬ hn-hm-lØ - n-s‚ Im-cy-Øn¬ am-{Xw
°pw tI-cf - Ø
- n-\pw e-`n-°p- ao-‰¿ F-∂n-ß-s\-bm-Wp ssi-ih - hn-hm-lØ - n-s‚ ]-cn-[n-bn¬ h-cpw. hn- {]m-b] - q¿-Øn-bm-Im-ØX - m-bn I-W° - m-°p-∂X - v
I. bm-{X-°m-cp-sS Xn-c° - p A-\p-hZ- \ - o-ba- m-b th-Kw. a- hm-l{- ]m-bw D-b¿-Øp-∂X - v A-¥m-cm-{„ [m-c- ssh-cp-≤y-am-W.v A-Xp-sIm-≠v kv{- Xo-If - p-sS hn-
]-cn-KW - n-®p ]n-∂o-Sv tIm- ‰p s{S-bn-\p-If - n¬-\n-∂p hy- W-Is - f ew-Ln-°p-∂X - m-sW-∂pw I-Øn¬ Nq- hm-l{- ]m-ba - p-b¿-Ø¬ Po-hn-XØ - n¬ B-tcm-
®p-If - p-sS F-Æw Iq-´pw. Xy-kX -v a - m-bn s]-s´-∂p th- ≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂p. sSm-∏a - p-≠m-IW - s - a-∂ A-hc - p-sS Xn-cs - ™-Sp-
Xn-cp-h\ - ¥- ] - p-cw aw-Kf - q- Kw ssI-hc - n-°m≥ h-tμ-`m- \n-ba - {- ]-Im-cw hn-hm-lw I-gn-°m-\p-≈ {]m-b- °m-\p-≈ kzm-X{- ¥y-sØ \n-tj-[n-°e - m-W.v
cp dq-ń¬ h-tμ-`m-cX - v Hm-Sn- c- X n- \ p I- g n- b p- s a- ∂ - X n- ]-cn-[n 21 h-bk - m-hp-Ib - pw F-∂m¬ \n-ba - {- ]- tZ-io-bX - e - Ø - n¬ ap-…nw eo-K,v tIm¨-{K-k,v
°m≥ B-tem-Nn-®n-cp-s∂- \m¬ i-cm-ic - n th-Kw 65\v Im-cw {]m-b] - q¿-Øn-bm-Ip-∂X - v 18 h-bk - m-bn-cn- kn-]n-Fw, kn-]n-sF, Xp-Sß - n-b I-£n-Iƒ \n-
¶n-epw I-Æq¿ h-sc Hm-Sn- ap-If - n¬ \n-e\ - n¿-Øm≥ I- °p-∂X - pw \n-ba - {- ]-i\ -v ß- ƒ-°pw B-ib - ° - p-g- b-a t`-ZK - X - n-sb F-Xn¿-°p-∂p-≠.v
°m-\m-Wp km-[y-X. A-¥n- gn-bpw. Iq-Sp-X¬ kvt- ‰m-∏p- ∏-ßƒ-°pw Im-cW - a - m-Ipw. 2017se kp-{]ow-tIm- 2021 Un-kw-_d - n¬ tem-Ik -v `- b
- n¬ kva - r-Xn C-
a Xo-cp-am-\w ssh-Im-sX-bp- Iƒ \¬-Ip-∂X - p th-Kw Ip- S-Xn hn-[n-s°-Xn-cm-bn-cn-°pw Cu \o-°w. am-{X- dm-\n A-hX - c - n-∏n-® _n¬ ]m¿-es - a‚-dn ÿn-
≠m-Ipw. C-c´- ∏ - m-Xb - p-≈X - n- d-b°-v p-sa-∂X - n-\m¬ {]-[m- a-√ hn-hm-l{- ]m-bw D-b¿-Øp-∂X - v A-{]-Xo-£n- cw k-an-Xn-bp-sS ]-cn-tim-[\ - b- ° -v p hn-Sp-Ib - m-
\m¬ h-tμ-`m-cX - v tIm-´b - w \ \-Kc - ß- f - n¬ am-{X-am-bn- X K¿-`[ - m-cW- Ø - n-\v h-gn-sX-fn-°p-Ib - pw A-ß- bn-cp-∂p. C-Xv Xn-cn-sI-sb-Øn tem-Ik -v `- b - pw
h-gn-bm-Ipw k¿-ho-kv \-S- cn-°pw kvt- ‰m-].v s\ P-\n-°p-∂ Ip-ń-Iƒ-°v A-`n-am-\t- Øm-sS cm-Py-k`- b - pw ]m-km-°n-bm-te \n-ba - a
- m-Ip-Ib - p-
Po-hn-°m-\p-≈ A-hI - m-iw \-„s - ∏-Sp-sa-∂pw I- ≈q.
k-ky-^w-K-kv _m-[ a-\p-jy-cn-te-°pw; -B-Zy ÿn-co-I-c-Ww sIm¬-°-Ø-bn¬

sIm¬-°Ø - : k-ky-ßs - f _m-[n-°p-∂ am-cI - - hn-gp-ßm-\p-≈ _p-≤n-ap-´v Xp-Sß - n-b e-£W - ß - s - f- dm-bn-bpw C-°m-cyw ÿn-co-Ic - n-®p. C-hc - p-sS ]T-
am-b ^w-Kk - v a-\p-jy-cn-te-°pw ]-Sc - m-sa-∂X - n-s‚ Øp-S¿-∂m-Wv A-dp-]Ø - n-sbm-∂p-Im-c\ - m-b im-k{-v X- \ \n-co-£W - ß - ƒ 'sa-Un-°¬ ssa-t°m-fP - n tI-
B-Zy D-Zm-lc - W
- w sIm¬-°Ø - b - n¬ I-s≠-Øn. ⁄≥ Nn-In-’t- X-Sn-bX - .v tPm-en-bp-sS `m-Ka - m-bn ÿn- kv dn-t∏m¿-Sk -v 'v F-∂ tP-We - n¬ {]-kn-≤o-Ic - n-
Ip-anƒ-h¿-Kß - s - f-bpw ]q-∏e - n-s\-bp-sam-s°-∏‰ - n c-am-bn Iq-Wp-If - pw ]q-∏e - p-If- p-sam-s° ssI-Im-cyw ®n-´p-≠.v
]Tn-°p-∂ im-k{v- X-⁄\ - n-em-Wv (ssa-t°m-fP - n- sN-øp-∂ C-t±-lØ - n-\v {]-ta-lw, hr-°t- cm-Kw, F- kq-£a -v Z- ¿-in-\n ]-cn-tim-[\ - , Iƒ-®d - n-Mv Xp-Sß - n-
Ãv) ^w-Kk - _ -v m-[ I-s≠-Øn-bX - .v c-≠p-h¿-js - Ø ®v.sF.hn. _m-[ F-∂n-ht- bm ]-gI - n-b a-t‰-sX-¶n- b ]-cº - c - m-KX - co-Xn-If - n-eq-sS A-kp-JI - m-cW - -
Nn-In-’b - °v- pw ]T-\Ø - n-\pw ti-ja - m-Wv C-Xn-\p epw A-kp-Jt- am D-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. ]-cn-tim-[\ - b- n-em- am-b ]m-tØm-Ps - ‚ b-Ym¿-Yk - z-`m-hw I-s≠-Øm-
tUm-Œ¿-am¿ ÿn-co-Ic - W
- w \¬-In-bX - v. tem-I- Wv k-ky-ßf - n¬ 'sh-≈n-bn-e _m-[' kr-„n-°p-∂ \m-bn-√. Xp-S¿-∂v t{i-Wo-Ic - W - Ø - n-eq-sS-bm-Wv
Øp-Xs - ∂ B-Zy-am-bm-Wv a-\p-jy-\n¬ ^w-Kk - -v 'tIm¨-t{Um-Ãn-dn-bw ]p¿-]yq-dn-bw' F-∂ ^w-Kk - m- C-Xv ÿn-co-Ic - n-®X
- v. k-ky-ßs - f _m-[n-°p-∂
_m-[ ÿn-co-Ic - n-°p-∂X- .v B-tcm-Ky-ta-Je - b- n-se Wv A-kp-JI - m-cW- w F-∂p I-s≠-Øn-bX - .v sIm¬- ]q-∏¬ a-\p-jy-cn-te-°pw ]-Sc - p-sa-∂X- m-Wv C-Xv
hn-ZK
- [
-v c- n¬ C-Xv I-Sp-Ø B-i¶ - b- ° -v pw Im-cW - - °-Ø A-∏m-tfm aƒ-ń kvs - ]-jy-en-Ãv B-ip-]{- Xn K- sX-fn-bn-°p-∂s - X-∂pw tUm-Œ¿-am¿ ]-d™ - p. A-
am-bn.i-–Ø - n¬ C-S¿-®, Np-a, £o-Ww, `-£W - w th-jI - c
- m-b tUm. tkm-aZ- Ø - b - pw tUm. D-÷b - n-\n kp-J_ - m-[n-X≥ C-t∏mƒ B-tcm-Ky-hm-\m-W.v
26 NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023
NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023  27
      
        
       
        
         
           
\¬-In-bX - .v A¿-ln-°p-∂h - ¿-°p am-{Xw A-Xv e-`n-
 °p-sa-∂ hn-izm-kØ

F¬-Fb
Spw-_Ø
- n-em-bn-cp-∂p C-X.v F-∂m¬ Fw-
- p-sS _-‘p-hn-\pw, ]m¿-ń t\-Xm-hn-s‚ Ip-
- n-\pw a-s‰m-cp t\-Xm-hn-s‚ K¨-am-\pw C-
Xn¬-\n-∂v H-cp-tIm-Sn-tbm-fw cq-] \¬-In-bX - m-Wv ]-

cm-Xn-°v Im-cW - w. Zp-cn-Xm-izm-k\ - n-[n B¿-°v F-ß-
s\ \¬-IW - s - a-∂ am¿-K\ - n¿-t±-ia - n-s√-∂pw, a-{¥n-
k-`b - p-sS Xo-cp-am-\w ]-cn-tim-[n-°m≥ tem-Im-bp-‡-
bv°- v A-[n-Im-ca - n-s√-∂p-sam-s°-bm-Wv ]-cm-Xn-s°-Xn-
cm-bn kn-]n-Fw t\-Xm-°f - pw k¿-°m-cpw hm-Zn-®p-sIm-
apJ - y-a{- ¥n-bp-sS Zp-cn-Xm-izm-k \n-[n Zp¿-hn-\n-tbm- ≠n-cp-∂s - X-¶n-epw A-sXm-s° \m-Syw am-{X-am-bn-cp-
Kw sN-bs -v X-∂ tI-kv ^pƒ-s_-©n-\p hn-´ tem-Im- ∂p. kz-P\ - ] - £ - ] - m-Xw A-gn-aX - n-bs - √-∂p-hs - c C-°q-
bp-‡ hn-[n A-gn-aX - n-s°-Xn-cm-b t]m-cm-´s - Ø Zp¿- ´¿ hm-Zn-°p-Ib - p-≠m-bn. C-°m-cy-Øn¬ A-[n-Im-c-
_-es - ∏-Sp-Øp-Ib - √ - , A-ń-ad - n-°p-I X-s∂-bm-Wv sN- Zp¿-hn-\n-tbm-Kt- am {I-at- °-tSm A-gn-aX - n-tbm H-∂pw
bvX- n-cn-°p-∂X - .v Zp-cn-Xm-izm-k\ - n-[n X-ń-∏v tI-kn¬ hn- \-S∂- n-ń-s√-¶n¬ ]n-s∂-sb-¥n-\m-Wv tem-Im-bp-‡
[n ]-db - m-sX X-Sn-X∏ - n-b P-Ãn-kv kn-dn-b° - v tPm-k- \n-ba - Ø - n-s‚ ]-Xn-\m-emw h-Ip-∏v t`-ZK - X - n sN-bX -v v
^pw P-Ãn-kv lm-dq¨ D¬ d-jo-Zpw b-Ym¿-∞Ø - n- bp-≤I - m-em-Sn-ÿm-\Ø - n¬ ]p-Xn-b \n-ba - \ - n¿-am-W-
s‚ \m-Ww sI-Sp-Øn-bX - v tem-Im-bp-‡ F-∂ kw- Øn-\v {i-an-®X - ?v ]-cm-Xn h-kX -v p-Xm-]c - a- m-sW-∂pw
hn-[m-\s - Ø-bm-Wv. tem-Im-bp-‡ hn-[n F-Xn-cm-hp-sa-∂pw `-b∂ - p-Xs - ∂-
A-gn-aX - n-°m-cm-b s]m-Xp-{]-h¿-ØI - ¿-°v Iq-®p-hn-e- bm-Wv C-ßs - \-sbm-cp \n-ba - \- n¿-am-WØ - n-\v Xn-Sp-°w
ßn-Sp-I F-∂ {]-Xo-£t- bm-sS ÿm-]n-Xa - m-b tem- Im-Wn-®X - .v tem-Im-bp-‡ hn-[n-sb Xp-S¿-∂v a-{¥n
Im-bp-‡b - p-sS hn-iym-ky-Xb - m-Wv Cu ap≥ \ym-bm- sI.Sn.P-eo-en-\v cm-Pn-hb - t-v °-≠n h-∂X - v ap-Jy-a{- ¥n-
[n-]∑ - m¿ tN¿-∂v \-in-∏n-®X - .v l¿-Pn tem-Im-bp-‡- ]-db- p-∂X - v km-am-\y-t_m-[Ø - n-\v \n-c° - p-∂ Im-cy-a- bp-sS-bpw a-‰pw `-bw C-c´- n-∏n-®p. tem-Im-bp-‡ \n-b-
bp-sS ]-cn-[n-bn¬ h-cp-tam F-∂X - n-t\-°p-dn-®v R-ßƒ- √. A-[n-Im-cØ - n-en-cn-°p-∂h - c - p-sS Xm¬-∏c - y-ßƒ- a-t`-ZK - X - n _n-√v \n-ba - k - `- ]m- m-°n-sb-¶n-epw K-
°v G-Im-`n-{]m-bØ - n-se-Øm≥ I-gn-™n-√ F-∂v C- °p h-gß - n A-h¿-°v A-\p-Iq-ea - m-bn H-cp D-Øc - h- p h¿-W¿ H-∏n-Sm-ØX - p-sIm-≠v \n-ba - a - m-bn-√. C-Xn-s‚
t∏mƒ C-cp-hc - pw ]-db - p-∂X - n-s\ ip-≤ t`m-j° -v v F- ]p-ds - ∏-Sp-hn-°p-Ib - m-Wv tem-Im-bp-‡ sN-bX -v n-´p-≈- t]-cn¬ K-h¿-W¿-s°-Xn-sc kn-]n-FΩ - pw k¿-°m-
∂p-am-{X-ta hn-ti-jn-∏n-°m-\m-Ipw. X-ßf - p-sS ]-cn-[n- sX-∂v kw-ib - n-°W - w. \ym-bm-[n-]∑ - m¿ F-∂ \n-e- cpw h-en-b tIm-em-le - a - p-≠m-°n-sb-¶n-epw Ip-sd-°-
bn¬ h-cp-tam F-∂p t]m-epw hy-‡X - b - n-√m-Ø H-cp bn¬ hn-iym-ky-X I-f™ - p-Ip-fn-®h - c - m-Wv C-cp-hc - p-h- gn-™v H-cp kp-{]-`m-XØ - n¬ A-Xv sI-´S- ß - p-Ib - m-bn-
hn-jb - Ø - n¬ H-cp h¿-jØ - n-e[ - n-Iw hm-Zw tIƒ-°p- cp-sa-¶n-epw Pp-Uo-jy-dn-bp-sS Iq-sS hn-iym-ky-X C- cp-∂p.
I-bpw ]n-∂o-Sv H-cp h¿-jØ - n-e[ - n-Iw hn-[n sh-®p √m-Xm-°p-∂X - m-Wv C-t∏m-gs - Ø \-S] - S- n. tem-Im-bp-‡ hn-[n A-\p-Iq-ea - m-hp-sa-∂ D-d∏ - v e-`n-
Xm-ak - n-∏n-°p-Ib - pw sN-bX -v X - v F-¥n-\v F-∂X - n-\v C- ap-Jy-a{- ¥n Ip-‰° - m-c\ - m-tWm A-√t- bm F-∂ hn- ®-Xn-s\-Øp-S¿-∂m-Wv _n-√v H-∏n-Sm-ØX - n-s‚ t]-cn¬
Ø-ca - n-√. ap-Jy-a{- ¥n ]n-Wd - m-bn hn-Pb - \- pw, H-∂mw [n-bm-bn-cp-∂p tem-Im-bp-‡ ]p-ds - ∏-Sp-hn-t°-≠n-bn- K-h¿-Wt- dm-Sp-≠m-bn-cp-∂ F-Xn¿-∏v k¿-°m¿ th-s≠-
]n-Wd - m-bn k¿-°m-cn-se ]-Xn-s\-´v a-{¥n-am¿-°pw F- cp-∂X - .v H-cp h¿-jØ - n-e[ - n-Iw \o-≠v hm-ZØ - n-\n-S- ∂p-h® - s - X-∂p th-Ww I-cp-Xm≥. C-°m-cy-Øn¬ H-
Xn-cm-b tI-kn-s‚ hm-Zw ]q¿-Øn-bm-bn-´pw hn-[n ]-d- bn¬ H-cn-°e - pw X-ßƒ-°v tI-kv ]-cn-KW - n-°m≥ cp 'Uo¬' \-S∂ - n-cn-°p-∂p F-∂p hy-‡w. \n-ba - Ø - n-
bm≥ H-cp h¿-jØ - n¬ Iq-Sp-X¬ F-Sp-Ø tem-Im-bp- A¿-lX - b - n-√ F-∂ Nn-¥ c-≠p \ym-bm-[n-]∑ - m¿- s‚ ]-gp-Xv k-a¿-∞a - m-bn D-]t- bm-Kn-®pw, `-cW - L - S- -
‡-bp-sS \-S] - S- n {]-Xy-£Ø - n¬ X-s∂ Zp-cq-la - m- °pw D-≠m-bn-√. am-{X-a√ - hm¿-ØI - f - n¬ C-Sw ]n-Sn- \m ]-Zh - n-If - n-en-cn-°p-∂h - s - c ò-jW - n-s∏-Sp-Øn-bpw
Wv. °m≥ hm-ZØ - n-\n-Sb - n¬ kn-dn-b° - pw d-jo-Zpw {i- {]-tem-`n-∏n-®pw A-\p-\b - n-∏n-®p-sam-s° A-gn-aX - n-t°-
a-{¥n-k`- b - p-sS Xo-cp-am-\w tem-Im-bp-‡b - ° -v v A-t\z- t≤-b ]-cm-a¿-iß - ƒ \-SØ - p-Ib - pw sN-bX -v n-cp-∂p. kp-If - n¬-\n-∂v c-£s - ∏-Sp-∂ co-Xn-bm-Wv C-hn-sS-bpw
jn-°m≥ I-gn-bp-tam F-∂X - n-se A-`n-{]m-b`- n-∂X - b - m- G-Xp k¿-°m-cm-bm-epw Xn-cs - ™-Sp-Ø P-\ß - f - p- A-he - w-_n-®n-´p-≈s - X-∂p th-Ww a-\ - n-em-°m≥. Ip-
Wv tI-kv ^pƒ-s_-©n-\p hn-Sm≥ Im-cW - s - a-∂v tem- sS ]-Ww 'Im-ń-se X-Sn tX-hc - p-sS B-\' F-∂ X- {]-kn-≤a - m-b em-he -v n≥ tI-kn-se {]-Xn-ÿm-\Ø - p-
Im-bp-‡ ]-db - p-∂X - v ]-cn-lm-ky-am-W.v \m-ev h¿-jw c-Øn¬ tXm-∂n-bt- ]m-se D-]t- bm-Kn-°m-\m-Ip-tam- \n-∂v ap-Jy-a{- ¥n ]n-Wd - m-bn hn-Pb - ≥ H-gn-hm-°s - ∏-´-
ap≥-]v Cu ]-cm-Xn e-`n-®t- ∏mƒ X-s∂ C-Øc - s - am-cp sb-∂m-Wv v kn-dn-bI - v tPm-k^ - v hm-ZØ - n-\n-sS tNm- Xv C-Øc - w C-Ss - ]-Se - p-If - p-sS ^-ea - m-bm-sW-∂ hn-
kw-ib - w D-b¿-∂n-cp-∂X - m-W.v F-∂m¬ C-°m-cyw A- Zn-®X- .v B-tem-N\ - b - n-√m-sX Zp-cn-Xm-izm-k \n-[n A- a¿-i\ - w D-b¿-∂n-cp-∂p. C-°m-cy-Øn¬ ap-Jy-a{- ¥n ]n-
∂p-Xs - ∂ hn-iZ- a - m-bn ]-cn-tim-[n-® ^pƒ-s_-©v ]- \p-hZ- n-°p-∂X - n¬ F-Sp-Øp-Nm-Sn Xo-cp-am-\w F-Sp-Ø- W-dm-bn hn-Pb - \ - v {]-tXy-I ssh-ZK - ≤ -v yw D-≈X - m-bm-
cm-Xn kzo-Ic - n-°p-Ib - m-Wp-≠m-bX - .v C-Xn-\p-t\-sc t_m- Xv sIm-≠m-Wv ]-gn tIƒ-t°-≠n h-∂s - X-∂pw k¿- Wv _-‘-s∏-´ tI-{μ-ßƒ \¬-Ip-∂ kq-N-\.
[-]q¿-hw I-ÆS- ® - p-sIm-≠m-Wv tI-kv ho-≠pw ^pƒ- °m¿ h-Sn sIm-Sp-Øv A-Sn-hm-ßp-Ib - m-sW-∂pw B- C.sI.\m-b\ - ¿ k¿-°m-cn¬ kn-]n-sF-°m-c\ - m-b \n-
s_-©n-\p hn-ń-cn-°p-∂X - .v hn-Nn-{X-am-b Cu \-S] - S- n- bn-cp-∂p lm-dp¨ A¬ d-jo-Zn-s‚ ]-cm-a¿-i\ - w. b-aa - {- ¥n C. N-{μ-ti-Jc - ≥ \m-bc - m-Wv i-‡a - m-b h-
°v bm-sXm-cp hn-iZ- o-Ic - W- h - pw tem-Im-bp-‡ \¬- Zp-cn-Xm-izm-k \n-[n-bn¬ \n-∂pw ]-Ww A-\p-hZ- n- Ip-∏p-If - p-≈ tem-Im-bp-‡ \n-ba - w sIm-≠p-h∂ - X - .v
Ip-∂n-√. °p-tºmƒ am-\Z- fi - ß
- ƒ ]m-en-t°-≠X - t- √-sb-∂v a-‰v kw-ÿm-\ß - f - n-se tem-Im-bp-‡I - ƒ-°v Ip-cb - -v
C-Xp ]-db - m-\m-sW-¶n¬ H-cp h¿-jw tI-kv hn-[n- P-Ãn-kv kn-dn-bI - v tPm-k^ - v hm-ZØ - n-\n-sS hm-°m¬ °m-t\ I-gn-bq, R-ßf - p-sS tem-Im-bp-‡b - ° -v v I-Sn-
]-db - m-sX ]n-Sn-®p-sh-®X - v F-¥n-\v F-∂ tNm-Zy-Øn- \n-co-£n-®p. H-cp Ip-Spw-_Ø - n-\p ]-Ww \¬-Ip-tºmƒ °m-\p-am-hpw F-∂ A-hI - m-ih - m-Za - m-Wv A-∂v D-b¿-
\p-Øc - a - n-√. C-\n tem-Im-bp-‡b - p-sS A-[n-Im-c ]- km-ºØ - n-I Np-‰p-]m-Sv ]-cn-KW - n-°t- ≠-Xs - √? a-{¥n- Øn-bn-cp-∂X - .v tem-Im-bp-‡b - p-sS B ]-√m-Wv ]n-
cn-[n kw-_‘ - n-®v A-`n-{]m-b`- n-∂X - D-≠m-bn-cp-s∂- k-`m Xo-cp-am-\w C-s√-¶n-epw ap-Jy-a{- ¥n-bp-sS A-[n- W-dm-bn ]-dn-s®-Sp-°m≥ t\m-°n-bX - v. \n-ba - \ - n¿-am-
¶n¬ t\-cs - Ø-Xs - ∂ ^pƒ-s_-©n-\v hn-Sm-am-bn-cp- Im-cw D-]t- bm-Kn-®v ]-Ww \¬-Imw, ]-t£ A-Xv W-Øn-eq-sS A-Xn-\v I-gn-™n-s√-¶n-epw e-£yw t\-
∂p. F-¥p-sIm-≠m-Wv tem-Im-bp-‡ A-ßs - \ sN- A¿-lX - s - ∏-´h - ¿-°t- √ \¬-tI-≠s - X-∂pw kn-dn-b- Sn-bn-cn-°p-∂p F-∂m-Wv C-t∏m-gs - Ø tem-Im-bp-‡-
øm-Xn-cp-∂s - X-∂ tNm-Zy-Øn-\v D-Øc - w \¬-tI-≠X - p- Iv tNm-Zn-®n-cp-∂p. bp-sS D-Øc - h - v Im-Wn-°p-∂X - .v \n-ßƒ hn-Nm-cn-®X - p-
≠v. A-¥n-ah - m-Zw tI-´v H-cp h¿-jw I-gn-™X - n-\p-ti- Ip-ń-Iƒ Ip-Sp-° s]m-ń-®X - pw ]m-hs - ∏-´ tem-´d - n t]m-se tem-Im-bp-‡b - ° -v v F-s∂ H-cp Np-°pw sN-
jw H-cp sh-fn-]m-Sp-t]m-se tem-Im-bp-‡b - p-sS A- hn¬-∏\ - ° - m-c≥ kz-cp-Iq-ń-h® - X - p-sam-s°-bm-b Xp-I øm-\m-hn-s√-∂ [m¿-„y-Øn-t‚-Xm-b ]-Xn-hv Nn-cn A-
[n-Im-c] - c - n-[n kw-_‘ - n-® kw-ib - a - p-≠m-bn F-∂p- bm-Wv ap-Jy-a{- ¥n-bp-sS Zp-cn-Xm-izm-k \n-[n-bn-te-°v [n-Iw ssh-Im-sX ap-gß - n-t°ƒ-°mw ▲
Iq-Sm-c-Øn-ep-d-ßn t\-Sn-b-Xv 7.6 tIm-Sn

Po-hI - m-cp-Wy {]-h¿-Ø\ - ß
- ƒ-°v ]-Ww kz- \m-bm-Wv ]-Ww k-am-lc - n-®X- .v
cq-]n-°m≥ ]p-Xn-sbm-cp h-gn-bm-Wv {_n-´\ - n-se Ip-Spw-_k - p-lr-Øm-b dn-°v B-_´- n-s‚ a-
am-Ik -v v hq-kn Xn-cs- ™-Sp-ØX - .v c-Ws - Ø-Øp-S¿-∂v 2020 am¿-®n-em-Wv hq-kn
X-\n-®v Iq-Sm-cØ - n-ep-dß- p-I.aq-∂p h¿-jw cm- ]-Ww kz-cq-]n-°m-\m-bn {]-Nm-cW - w Xp-Sß- n-
{Xn-bn-ep-S\ - o-fw Iq-Sm-cØ- n¬ Xm-ak - n-®v Kn-∂- b-Xv.
kv sd-t°m-Uv kz-¥a - m-°n Cu ]-Xn-Ωq-∂p-Im- C-tXm-sS 'Z t_m-bv C≥ Z sS‚ 'v F-∂
c≥. A-Xn-\n-sS kz-cq-]n-®X - v 7.6 tIm-Sn cq-]. ]- hn-fn-t∏-cpw e-`n-®p. H-cp cm-{Xn ap≥-{]-[m-\a - -
Ømw-hb -
- n-em-Wv hq-kn X-s‚ ]-cn-{i-aw B- {¥n t_m-dn-kv tPm¨-ks - \m-∏w Im-∏n Ip-
cw-`n-°p-∂X - .v e-≠\- n-se Po-hI - m-cp-Wy kw-L- Sn-°m-\p-≈ `m-Ky-hpw Cu an-Sp-°\ - p e-`n-®p.
S-\b- m-b t\m¿-Øv sU-h¨ tlm-ks v- s]-kn- Cu am-kw hq-kn Iym-ºh - k
- m-\n-∏n-°pw.
28 NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023
NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023  29
 Xn-cp-h\ - ¥ - ] - p-cw: a-eb - m-f km-
ln-Xy-Øn-s‚ B-[p-\n-I s]-
sÆ-gp-Øp N-cn-{X-Øn-se ap-
Xn¿-∂ F-gp-Øp-Im-cn km-dm
tXm-ak - v(88) A-¥c - n-®p. \-μm-
h-\w t]m-eo-kv Iym-ºn-\v F-
Xn¿-hi - w F≥.B¿.F.-44 {]-
im-¥n¬ sh-≈n-bm-gN v- cm-hn-
se-bm-bn-cp-∂p A-¥yw. aq-∂p
h¿-jt- Øm-fa - m-bn In-S∏ - n-em-bn-
cp-∂p.
Xn-cp-h\ - ¥ - ] - p-cw sa-Un-°¬
tIm-tf-Pn¬ k¿-Pd - n hn-`m-Kw
s{]m-^k - d - m-bn-cp-∂ ]-tc-X\ - m-
b tUm. tXm-ak - v k-°d- n-bb - m-
Wv- `¿-Øm-h.-v a-°ƒ: tim-`m tPm¿-P(v B¿.kn.kn. sI-b¿ π-kv a-W¿-Im-Sv a¿-Øa
- d
- n-bw bm-t°m-_m-b kp-dn-bm-\n I-Øo-{U-en¬ \-ho-Ic - n-® {]-[m-\ a-Z_
v- l
- b
- p-sS Iq-Zm-i bm-t°m-
F-∂ B-Xp-ck - w-LS- \ - b - p-sS {]-h¿-ØI - ), Zo-] tXm-ak - (v A-[ym- _m-b k-` F-∏n-ktv- Im-∏¬ kp-∂l - t- Zm-kv sk-{I-´d
- n tXm-ak
- v am¿ Xn-tam-Øn-tbm-kv sa-{Xm-s∏m-eo-Øb - p-sS {]-[m-\
]n-I, tKm-h). a-cp-a° - ƒ: ]-tc-X\ - m-b tPm¿-Pv ]p-fn-aq-S(v Nm¿-t´- Im¿-an-IX
- z-Øn¬ \-S∂ - t- ∏mƒ
Uv A-°u-≠‚ )v , ]-tc-X\ - m-b Nmƒ-kv tPm¨ k-°d - n-b(F≥-
Pn-\n-b¿, Fw.B¿.F-^v., tKm-h). k-tlm-Zc
bn¬ ]o-Un-bm-{So-j\
Xyp, tdm-j\ -v n tXm-ak
- m-bn-cp-∂ ]-tc-Xb - m-b tUm. kq-k≥ am-
- (v dn-´. ko-\n-b¿ kq-{]-≠,v G-Po-kv Hm-ô-
- ß - ƒ: sN-ss∂-


kv, Xn-cp-h\ - ¥ - ] - p-cw).
tIm-´b- w th-fq¿ kz-tZ-in-bpw I-g° - q-´w k-_v c-Pn-k{-v Sm-dp-am-bn-
cp-∂ h¿-°n Fw.am-Xyp-hn-s‚-bpw km-dm-Ωb - p-sS-bpw a-If - m-bn
1934 sk-]‰ -v w-_¿ 14-\m-bn-cp-∂p P-\\ - w. dn-´. P-Ãn-kv A-∂m Nm-
≠n, A-Ωb - p-sS aq-Ø k-tlm-Zc - n-bm-W.v e-fn-Xmw-_n-I A-¥¿- sIm-®n: kw-ÿm-\Ø - v kz¿-W hn-eb - n¬ I-gn- º-Øn-I h¿-jw G-‰h - pw Ip-d™ - \n-c°- v tc-J-
P-\a- pƒ-s∏-Sp-∂ F-gp-Øp-Im-cp-sS X-ea - p-db - n-se ]n≥-Km-an-bm-bm- ™ km-ºØ - n-I h¿-jw 15.43 i-Xa - m-\Ø - n-s‚ s∏-Sp-Øn-bX - v sk-]‰ -v w-_¿ 16-se 36,640 cq-]b - m-
Wv km-dm tXm-ak - v km-ln-Xy-cw-Ks - Ø-Øp-∂X - .v kvI - qƒ, tIm- h¿-[\ - . Wv. G-‰h - pw D-b¿-∂ \n-c° - v tc-Js - ∏-Sp-Øn-b-
tf-Pv Im-eß - f - n¬ kp-KX - I - p-am-cn-bp-sS k-Xo¿-Yy-bm-bn-cp-∂ A-
h¿, Po-hn-Xw ap-gp-h≥ hm-b\ - b
- ° -v pw F-gp-Øn-\p-am-bn am-‰n-sh- 2022 am¿-®v 31-\v 38,120 cq-]b - m-bn-cp-∂ ]-h≥-hn- Xv am¿-®v 18-se 44,240 cq-]b - pw. A-∂v H-‰ Zn-h-
®p. 1969-¬ ]p-dØ - p-h∂ - 'Po-hn-Xs - a-∂ \-Zn' B-bn-cp-∂p B-Zy e 2023 am¿-®v 31 B-bt- ∏m-tg-°pw 44,000 cq-]b - n- kw 1,200 cq-] h¿-[n-®m-Wv sd-t°m-U-v \n-eh - m-
t\m-h¬. '\m¿-aS- n-∏p-Sh - ' F-∂ t\m-he - n-\v 1979-¬ tI-cf - km-ln- se-Øn; 5,880 cq-]b - p-sS h¿-[\ - . 2021-22-¬ 5,240 c-Øn¬ kz¿-W hn-e F-Øn-bX - .v
Xy A-°m-Za - n-bp-sS A-hm¿-Upw k-a{- K-kw-`m-h\ - b - ° -v v A-°m-Z- cq-]b
- p-sS h¿-[\ - tc-Js - ∏-Sp-Øn-b ÿm-\Ø - m- km-ºØ - n-I h¿-jØ - n-s‚ A-hk - m-\ Zn-hk - -
an-bp-sS 2010-se A-hm¿-Upw e-`n-®n-´p-≠.v 'A-kX -v a - b - w', ']-hn-ga - p- Wv C-Xv. am-b sh-≈n-bm-gN -v ]-h\ - v 240 cq-] h¿-[n-®m-Wv
Øv', 'A¿-®\ - ', 'ap-dn-∏m-Sp-Iƒ' F-∂o t\m-he - p-Iƒ N-e® - n-{X-am- am¿-®v am-kØ - n-em-bn-cp-∂p kz¿-W hn-eb - n¬ 44,000 cq-]b - n-se-Øn-bX - .v {Km-an-\v 30 cq-] Iq-Sn
bn-´p-≠.v 'ap-dn-∏m-Sp-If - p'sS N-e® - n-{Xm-hn-jI -v m-ca - m-b ]n.F._-°- G-‰h - pw h-en-b am-‰ß - ƒ {]-IS- a - m-bX- .v A-ta-cn- hn-e 5,500 cq-]b - n-ep-sa-Øn.
dn-s‚ 'a-Wn-ap-g° - 'Øn-\v kw-ÿm-\ N-e® - n-{X A-hm¿-Upw an-I- °-bn-se km-ºØ - n-I {]-Xn-k‘ - n, F-Æ hn-e- A-¥m-cm-{„ hn-]W - n-bn¬ H-cp t{Sm-bv Hu¨-
® {]m-tZ-in-I N-e® - n-{X-Øn-\p-≈ c-PX - I - a - e - h - pw e-`n-®p. bn-se Nm-©m-´w, kzn-kv _m-¶n-s‚ X-I¿-®, kv (31.1 {Kmw) X-\n X-¶Ø - n-\v 1,980.80 tUm-fd - n-
t\m-h¬, I-Y F-∂n-hb - n-em-bn 25-e[ - n-Iw Ir-Xn-Iƒ c-Nn-®n-´p- A-ta-cn-°b - pw bq-tdm-]y≥ cm-Py-ßf - pw km-º- em-Wv sh-≈n-bm-gN -v hym-]m-cw \-S∂ - X - .v ]p-Xn-
≠v. kw-ÿm-\ N-e® - n-{X A-hm¿-Uv I-Ωn-‰n, tI-cf - ^n-enw k¿- Øn-I am-μy-Øn-te-°v I-S° - p-∂p Xp-Sß - n-b hm¿- b km-ºØ - n-I h¿-jØ - n-epw kz¿-W hn-eb - n¬
ń-^n-°‰ - v I-Ωn-‰n, tI-cf - km-ln-Xy A-°m-Za - n P-\d - ¬ Iu¨- Ø-If - m-Wv kz¿-W hn-e sd-t°m-U-v \n-eh - m-c- h-en-b N-e\ - ß
- ƒ {]-IS- a - m-Ip-sa-∂m-Wv hn-]-
kn¬, Xn-cp-h\ - ¥ - ]- p-cw Zq-cZ- ¿-i≥ ^n-enw kv{- Io-\n-Mv I-Ωn-‰n
F-∂n-hb - n¬ Aw-Ka - m-bn-cp-∂p. Øn-te-°v D-bc - m≥ C-Sb - m-°n-bX - .v I-gn-™ km- Wn hn-eb - n-cp-Ø¬.
I-S-Ω-\n-´-bp-sS "Ip-d-Øn'°v Np-a¿-Nn-{X-am-bv ]p-\¿-P-∑w

tIm-gt- ©-cn : 'a-e© - q-c¬ a-S-
bn¬ \n-∂p-sa-Øp-∂ Ip-dØ - n-
°v' Np-a¿-Nn-{X am-Xr-Ib - n¬ ]-
I¿-∂m-´w. hn-f-™ Nq-c-∏-\-
ºpw I-co-em-©n h-ff - n-If - m¬
B-Sn-bp-eb - p-∂ ap-Sn-bpw I-cn-\m-
K-°f - h - p-apƒ-s∏-sS I-hn-Xb - n-
se {]-[m-\ _nw-_ß - s - f-√mw
k- h n- t i- j - X tbm- s S Nn- { X-
Øn¬ sX-fn-bp-∂p. I-hn I-S-
Ω-\n-´ cm-aI - r-jW -v s - ‚ {]-ik - -v
X I-hn-Xb - m-b Ip-dØ - n-°v Nn-
{X-cq-]w \¬-In-bX - v B-d∑ - p-f
hm-kX -v p-hn-Zym Kp-cp-Ip-ew No-
^v ayq-d¬ B¿-ń-Ãm-b kp-tc-
jv ap-Xp-Ip-fa - m-W.v a-eb - m-fØ - n-
s‚ {]n-bI - h- n-bp-sS N-ca - h - m¿- I-Æp-If - p-sS ÿm-\Ø - v Nn-d- {X-Øn-ep-≠.v \-Kc - h - ¬-°c - W
- -
jn-I Zn-\w- I-SΩ - \ - n-´ kva - r-Xn Ip-hn-S¿-Øn-b ]-cp-¥,v A-Xn¬ Øn-s‚ {]-Xo-Iß - f - m-bn tIm-
a-fi] - Ø- n¬ \-SØ - p-∂ N-S- A-K\ -v n-tKm-fw. sN-hn-If - m-bn I- ´-sIm-Øf - w, a-eX - p-c∂ - v ]m-™v
ßn¬ Im-hy-Nn-{Xw {]-Z¿-in-∏n- cn-\m-Kw. hn-f™ - Nq-c¬ ]-\- t]m-Ip-∂ tX-cp-Iƒ F-∂n-h-
°pw. ºp-t]m-se ssI. P-eN - {- I-am- bpw Nn-{X-Øn-ep-≠.v {]-Ir-Xn-Z-
Np-a¿-Nn-{X-Ie - b - n¬ am-‰ß - ƒ Wv I-Ω¬. P-eN - {- I-Øn¬ \n- Ø \n-dß - f - m-Wv D-]t- bm-Kn-®n-
Xo¿-Ø sa-Ik -v n-°≥ ayq-d¬ ∂pw I-gp-Øn-eq-sS H-gp-Ip-∂ ]p- ´p-ff
- X
- .v B-kzm-Z\ - s - Ø \-Sp-°n-
B¿-ń-Ãm-b sd-th-ds - b C-„- g-bm-Wv B-S-bm-`-c-Ww. ap-Sp- bp-W¿-Øn-b I-hn-Xb - p-sS I-
s∏-Sp-∂ kp-tc-jv ap-Xp-Ip-fw s]m-ń-b a¨-Ip-Sh - pw tX≥-Ip- cp-Øv tNm-cm-sX-bm-Wv kp-tc-
Im¬-\q-‰m-≠m-bn Cu cw-KØ - p- S-hp-am-Wv am-dn¬. a¨-Ip-S- jv ap-Xp-Ip-fw Nn-{X-cq-]w X-bm-
≠v. ssh-tem-∏n-ff - n-bp-sS-bpw Øn¬ \n-∂pw a-es - h-≈Ø - n¬ dm-°n-bX - .v h-cn-If - p-sS hn-\ym-
Ip-am-cm-\m-im-s‚-bpw H.hn. hn- H-en-s®-Øp-∂ I-dp-Ø a-°s - f kw A-\p-kc - n-®v Nn-{Xw X-bm-
P-bs - ‚-bpw Ir-Xn-Iƒ-°pw Nn- Im-Wmw.D-b¿-Øn-∏n-Sn-® H-cp dm-°p-∂X - n-\v aq-∂p-am-ks - Ø
{X-`m-j H-cp-°n-bn-´p-≠.v I-SΩ - - ssI-bn¬ Xo-s∏m-cn, a-dp-ssI- {]-bX - \v- w th-≠n h-∂X - m-bn
\n-´b
- p-sS {]-ik - X -v I-hn-XI - ƒ bp-sS hn-c¬ Xo-bn-te-°v Nq- A-t±-lw ]-d™ - p. -
Nn-{X-cq-]Ø - n-em-°m-\p-ff - ]-cn- ≠p-∂p. C-Øc - Ø- n¬ I-hn-X- Nn-{X-Øn-\v 5 A-Sn \o-fh - pw 4
{i-aØ - n-em-Wv. bn-se {]-[m-\ _nw-_ß - ƒ Nn- A-Sn ho-Xn-bp-ap-≠.v
30 NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023
NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023  31
`q-an-bp-sS ]p-Xn-bN
- n-{Xw ]p-dØ
- p-hn-´v sF.F-kv.B¿.H.
s_w-Kf - q-cp: Hm-jy≥-km-‰v ]-cº - c - b
- n-se aq-∂mw-Xe - a
- p-d D-]-
{K-la - m-b 'C.H.F-k.v 0- 6' F-Sp-Ø `q-an-bp-sS Nn-{X-ßƒ C-
¥y≥ _-ln-cm-Im-i K-th-jW - kw-LS- \ - (sF.F-k.v B¿.H.)
]p-dØ
- p-hn-´p.
D-]{- K-lØ - n-se Hm-jy≥ I-f¿ tam-Wn-‰¿ t]-tem-Un¬-\n-
∂v e-`n-® hn-hn-[ Nn-{X-ßƒ sF.F-k.v B¿.H.bp-sS \m-j-
W¬ dn-tam-´v sk≥-kn-Mv sk‚¿ (F≥.B¿.F-k.v kn.) G-
tIm-]n-∏n-®m-Wv ]p-dØ - p-hn-´X - .v
s^-{_p-hc - n H-∂n-\pw 15-\pw C-Sb - n-se-Sp-Ø `q-an-bp-sS 2939
Nn-{X-ßf - m-Wv ]p-dØ - p-hn-´s- X-∂v sF.F-k.v B¿.H. hy-‡-
am-°n. Nn-e Nn-{X-ßf - n¬ C-¥y Dƒ-s∏-sS-bp-≈ `m-Kß - ƒ
Xo-÷zm-eb - p-sS \n-dØ - n¬ Xn-fß - p-∂X - v Im-Wmw.
X-cw-Ks - sZ¿-Ly-Øn-se hy-Xym-kß - ƒ Im-cW - w hn-hn-[
`q-Jfi - ß
- ƒ {]-tXy-I \n-dß - f - n-em-Wp-≈X - .v I-gn-™ \-hw-
_¿ 26-\m-Wv 'C.H.F-k.v 0- 6' D-]{- K-lw F-´v sN-dp D-]{- K-l-
ßƒ-s°m-∏w hn-t£-]n-®X - .v k-ap-{Z-sØ-bpw k-ap-{Z-Øn-\p ap-
I-fn-ep-≈ A-¥c - o-£s - Ø-bpw Ip-dn-®p-≈ ]T-\w e-£y-am-
°n-bm-Wv Hm-jy≥-km-‰v t{i-Wn hn-Ik - n-∏n-®X- .v B-Zy D-]{- K-
lw hn-t£-]n-®X - v 1999 ta-bv 26-\m-bn-cp-∂p. C-Xn-se aq-∂mw-
X-ea - p-d D-]{- K-la - m-b 'C.H. F-k.v 0- 6' ù-a \n-co-£W - Ø - n-\m-
Wv {]-[m-\a - m-bpw D-]t- bm-Kn-°p-∂X - .v sF.F-k.v B¿.H. ]p-dØ
- p-hn-´ `q-an-bp-sS Nn-{Xw
\-tc-{μ-tam-Zn-bp-sS hn-Zym-`ym-k tbm-Ky-X 

tNm-Zn-® sI-P-cn-hm-fn-\v 25,000 cq-] ]n-g
A-lΩ - Z- m-_m-Z:v {]-[m-\a
\-tc-{μ-tam-Zn-bp-sS hn-Zym-`ym-k
- {- ¥n b \n¿-tZ-iß - f
S-Xn d-±m-°n. Kp-Pd
- pw ssl-t°m-
- m-Øv ssl-

tbm-Ky-X-bp-sS hn-h-c-ßƒ t°m-S-Xn-bn-se P-Ãn-kv _o-       
tNm-Zn-®X
{¥n A-ch
- n-\v Z¬-ln ap-Jy-a-
- n-μv sI-Pc - n-hm-fn-\v
tc≥ ssh-jvW
Cu D-Øc - h- .v
- h - n≥-td-Xm-Wv      
25000 cq-] ]n-g Cu-Sm-°n Kp-P- {]-[m-\a - {- ¥n tam-Zn-bp-sS Un-        
dm-Øv ssl-t°m-S-Xn-bp-sS {Kn k¿-ń-^n-°‰ - p-I¬ am-[y-a-      
knw-Knƒ s_-©v D-Øc
tam-Zn-bp-sS _n-cp-Z, _n-cp-Zm-
- h- n-´p. Øn-epw k-aq-la
k¿-ΔI - e
- m-[y-aØ
- m-im-e sh-_v ssk-
- n-epw     
\-¥c - k¿-ń-^n-°‰- p-If - p-sS hn- ‰p-If- n-epw e-`y-am-sW-∂n-cn-s°     
h-cß
- ƒ ssI-am-dW - s- a-∂v {]- A-ch - n-μv sI-{Pn-hmƒ C-Xn≥- lq-Ã¨-: kq-cy-s‚ Im-¥n-I h-eb - Ø - n¬ `q- bm¬ A-Xv ù-aP - o-hs - \ D-∑q-e\ - w-sN-øpw. `q-an-
[m-\-a-{¥n-bp-sS Hm-ô-kn-\v sd B-[n-Im-cn-IX - tNm-Zyw sN- an-bp-sS 20 a-Sß - v h-ep-∏a - p-≈ hn-≈¬. H-cm-gN -v - °p Np-‰p-ap-≈ Im-¥n-Ia - fi- e
- a - m-Wv ku-ch - m-
\¬-In-b D-Øc - h- v Kp-Pd - m-Øv øm≥ ]m-Sn-√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂p bv°- p-≈n¬ Im-¥n-I h-eb - Ø - n¬ I-s≠-Øp- X-ßs - f X-S™ - p-\n¿-Øp-∂X - .v
ssl-t°m-S-Xn d-±m-°p-I-bpw tIm-SX - n \n-co-£n-®p. _n-cp-Zw
sN-bX -v p. kw-_‘ - n-® hn-iZ- i - mw-iß - ƒ ∂ c-≠mw hn-≈e - m-Wv C-Xv. A-Xn-th-KX - b - n- tkm-fm¿ ^vs - f-b¿, F-∂ {]-Xn-`m-kØ - n¬ im-
tI-{μ hn-hc - m-hI - m-i I-Ωo- B-hi - y-s∏-Sm≥ hn-hc - m-hI- m- ep-≈ ku-c° - m-‰v `q-an-bn-te-°v h-cm-\p-≈ km- kv{- X-tem-IØ - n-\v bm-sXm-cp A-¤p-Xa - n-√. CXn-
j≥ 2016-¬ Kp-Pd - m-Øv k¿-Δ- i I-Ωo-j\ - v A-[n-Im-ca - n-s√-∂- [y-Xb - m-Wv Cu hn-≈¬ N¿-®b - m-°p-∂X - .v a- s‚ t]-cn¬ B-i¶ - b - p-an-√. ku-cb - q-YØ - n-t\m
I-em-im-eb - °
-v pw {]-[m-\a - {- ¥n- dn-™n-´pw A-ch - n-μv sI-{Pn-hmƒ Wn-°q-dn¬ 27 e-£w ssa¬ th-KX - b - p-≈ ku- `q-an-t°m C-Xp-aq-ew bm-sXm-cp Ip-g∏ - h - pw D-≠m-
bp-sS Hm-ô-kn-\pw Z¬-ln A-Xn-\v Xp-\n-™-Xn-s\-bpw c-°m-‰v `q-an-bn-te-°v F-Øn-tb-°p-sa-∂m-Wv B- hn-√. ssh-Zyp-Xn Nm¿-÷p-≈ πm-ka -v cq-]Ø - n-
k¿-ΔI - e- m-im-eb - ° -v pw \¬-In- tIm-SX - n hn-a¿-in-®p. i-¶. D-]{- K-lß - t- f-bpw a-‰v km-t¶-Xn-I kw-hn- ep-≈ C-Øc - w ku-ch - m-Xß - ƒ ]p-dt- Ø-°v {]-
[m-\ß - t- f-bpw t]m-epw C-Xv _m-[n-°p-sa-∂ k-cn-°p-∂X - v km-[m-cW - b - m-W.v am-kß - ƒ-°v ap-
B-i¶ - b - pw D-bc - p-∂p. am¿-®v 23\m-Wv B-Zy hn- ºv Hm-tkm¨ ]m-fn-bn¬ h-en-sbm-cp hn-≈¬
Io-g-S-ßn-s√-∂v A-ar-Xv-]m¬ kn-M,v ≈¬ I-s≠-Øp-∂X

A-ta-cn-°≥ _-ln-cm-Im-i G-P≥-kn-bm-b \m-
k-bp-sS tkm-fm¿ ssU-\a
- .v
- m-\n-Iv H-_k -v ¿-th-

cq-]s - ∏-´X - m-bn A-ta-cn-°≥ _-ln-cm-Im-i G-
P≥-kn-bm-b \m-k I-s≠-Øn-bn-cp-∂p.
A‚m¿-ń-°b - ° -v v ap-If - n-em-bp-≈ Hm-tkm¨ ]m-
ho-≠pw ho-Un-tbm ]p-d-Øp-hn-´p ‰-dn-bm-Wv c-≠v hn-≈e
Xn-th-K ku-c°
≈ km-[y-Xb
- pw I-s≠-Øn-bX
- m-‰v `q-an-bn-te-°v ]-Xn-°m-\p-
- m-Wv Cu hn-≈e - p-Iƒ D-≠m-°p-
- .v A- fn-bn-em-Wv h-en-b Zzm-cw cq-]s
∂v I-s≠-Øn-bX
k ]p-dØ
- ∏-ń-cn-°p-∂X
- .v C-Xn-s‚ ho-Un-tbm-bpw \m-
- p-hn-ń-´p-≠v. 1979\v ti-jw ]-Xn-aq-∂m-
- v A-
\yq-U¬-ln: J-en-kX -v m≥ hm-Zn-bpw Xo-{h-aX - {- ]-`m-jI - -

∂-X.v I-cp-Xe - p-Iƒ F-Sp-t°-≠ km-lN - c - y-am- a-sØ X-hW - b - m-Wv C-{X-he - n-b hn-≈¬ cq-]-
\p-am-b A-ar-X] -v m¬ kn-Mv Xp-S¿-®b - m-bn c-≠mw-Zn-hk - - Wv hn-≈e - p-Iƒ D-≠m-°p-∂X - .v F-∂m¬ `-b- s∏-Sp-∂s - X-∂pw \m-k A-dn-bn-®p. kq-cy-\n¬
hpw ]-©m-_v t]m-eo-kn-s\ sh-√p-hn-fn-®v H-fn-hn¬-\n-∂v
ho-Un-tbm ]p-dØ - p-hn-´p.I-gn-™ 13 Zn-hk - a - m-bn ]-©m- s∏-tS-≠ A-hÿ - \n-eh - n¬ C-s√-∂pw hn-e- \n-∂p-≈ am-cI - a - m-b Aƒ-{Sm h-be - ‰ - v c-ia -v n-I-
_v t]m-eo-kn-s\ sh-ń-®p-\S- ° - p-∂ A-ar-X] -v m¬ kn-Mv bn-cp-Øp-∂p. ku-c° - m-‰n-s‚ ò-jW - n H-gn-®m¬ fn¬ \n-∂pw `q-an-tb-bpw Po-hP - m-eß - t- f-bpw kw-
ssh-Im-sX Io-gS- ß - n-tb-°p-sa-∂v c-lk - ym-t\z-jW - G- C-Øc - w hn-≈e - p-Iƒ `-bt- °-≠X - √ - . F-∂m¬ c-£n-°p-∂ I-hN - a - m-Wv Hm-tkm¨ ]m-fn. A-
P≥-kn-Iƒ B-h¿-Øn-°p-∂X - n-\n-Sb
- n-em-Wv A-Xv \n-tj- D-]{- K-l B-ib - hn-\n-ab - km-t¶-Xn-I hn-Zy-b-v Xn-\v ti-jw ho-≠pw hn-≈¬ I-s≠-Øp-Ib - m-
[n-®p-sIm-≠v ]p-Xn-b ho-Un-tbm C-d° - n-bX - .v I-gn-™ Zn- °v C-Xv Xn-cn-®S- n-bm-W.v Xm¬-Im-en-Ia - m-bn B- Wv. \m-kb - p-sS aq-∂v D-]{- K-lß - f - pw \m-jW - ¬
h-kw ]p-dØ - p-hn-´ ho-Un-tbm-bn¬ A-t\z-jW - G-P≥- i-b hn-\n-ab - s - Ø t]m-epw X-S - s - ∏-Sp-Øp-∂- Hm-jym-\n-Iv B≥-Uv A-‰t-v am-ks -v ^-dn-Iv A-Ua -v n-
kn-Is - f \n-in-Xa - m-bn hn-a¿-in-°p-Ib - pw sh-√p-hn-fn-°p- Xn-\v C-Xv Im-cW - a - m-Ipw. ku-ch - n-In-cW - ß - f - n¬- \n-kt-v {S-j\ - p-am-Wv Hm-tkm¨ ]m-fn-sb \o-co-
I-bpw sN-bX -v n-cp-∂p.
tlm-jn-bm¿-]p-cn¬ A-ar-X] -v m-epw A-\p-bm-bn-If - pw F- \n-∂pw tIm-ka -v n-Iv In-cW - ß - f - p-sS B-{I-aW - - £n-°p-∂X - v.
Øn-sb-∂ kq-N\ - b- n-em-Wn-t∏mƒ t]m-eo-kpw C‚-en- Øn¬-\n-∂pw `q-an-sb kw-c£ - n-°p-∂X - v `q-an- Hu-d, tkm-an F≥-]n-]n F≥-]n-]n, F≥-HF - -
P≥-kpw. ta-Je - b - n-se-ßpw A¿-[s - sk-\n-Is - c-bS- °- w °p-Np-‰p-ap-≈ Im-¥n-Ia - fi - e
- a - m-W.v F 20 F-∂n-hb - m-Wv Hm-tkm¨ ]m-fn-sb \n-co-
hn-\y-kn-®v t{Um-Wp-If - p-sS k-lm-bt- Øm-sS-bm-Wv \n- h¿-jß - s - f-Sp-Øm-bm-epw Im-¥n-Ia - fi- e
- w C- £n-°p-∂ D-]{- K-lß - ƒ. kv{- Sm-t‰m-ks -v ^-dn-°v
co-£W - w. Im-\U - , bp.sI. F-∂n-hn-Sß - f - n-se J-en-k-v √m-Xm-bm¬ ù-am-¥c - o-£s - Ø A-Xp km-ca - m- ta-Je - b- n¬ C-t∏mƒ ap≥-]s - Ø-°mƒ h-en-b
Xm≥ hm-Zn-I-fpw ]m-Iv Nm-c-kw-L-S-\-bm-b sF.F- bn _m-[n-°pw. kq-cy-s‚ A-¥c - o-£a - m-b sIm- X-Wp-∏m-W.v C-Xn-\v Im-cW - w Hm-tkm¨ ]m-fn-
kv.sF.bpw A-ar-X] v- m-en-\v k-lm-bw \¬-Ip-∂X - m-bn tdm-Wb - n¬-\n-∂v kvt- ]-kn-te-°v ]p-d¥ - ≈ - p-∂ bn-se h-en-b Zzm-ca - m-sW-∂v K-th-jI - ¿ ]-db - p-
tI-{μ-Øn-\v hn-hc - w e-`n-®n-´p-≠.v ]n-∂m-se-bm-Wv tI-{μ
B-`y-¥c - a- {- ¥n A-an-Xv jm-bp-sS \n¿-tZ-i{- ]-Im-cw A- {Z-hy-{]-hm-la - m-Wv ku-cs - Im-Sp-¶m-‰v F-∂v A- ∂p. H-cp {]-tZ-iØ - v Hm-tkm¨ ]m-fn-bn-ep-≠m-
t\z-jW - Ø - n-\v tI-{μ-tk-\b - pw hn-\y-kn-°s - ∏-´X - .v F- dn-bs - ∏-Sp-∂X - v. ]vf - m-ka v- b - pw, tIm-ka v- n-Iv In-c- Ip-∂ I-\° - p-dh - n-s\-bm-Wv Hm-tkm¨ ]m-fn-bn-
∂m¬, A-an-Xv jm-b° -v pw C-μn-cm-Km-‘n-bp-sS K-Xn-hc - p- W-ßf - pw, A-tbm-Wp-If - pw D-∂X - Du¿-P\ - n-e- se Zzm-cw F-∂v hn-fn-°p-∂X - .v ]-eX - c - w cm-kh - -
sa-∂v A-ar-X] -v m¬ ò-jW - n-s∏-Sp-Øn. bn-ep-≈ I-Wn-II - f - p-am-Wv Cu {]-hm-lØ - n-ep- kvX - p-°f - m-Wv Hm-tkm¨ ]m-fn-bp-sS hn-≈e - n-
≈-X.v C-Øc - w ku-ch - m-Xß - ƒ `q-an-bn-se-Øn- \v Im-cW - a - m-Ip-∂X - .v
32 NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023
NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023  33
tlm-ko-bm-lv \m F-∂ lo-{_p-hm-N-Iw Np-cp-     
°nH-‰] - Z- a- m-°n-bX
- m-Wv tlm-im-\. "R-ßs
°-W-ta' F-∂¿-∞w. Hm-im-\, tlm-km-\ F-s∂-
- f c-£n-      
√mw C-∂v ]-d-bm-dp-≠v. I¬-Zm-b kp-dn-bm-\n-bn-se      
{]-tbm-Ka - m-Wv tlm-im-\ F-∂X - v. e-Øo-\n¬ "tlm-       
km-\' F-∂p ]-d-bpw. {In-kv-Xp-hn-s‚ sb-cp-i-tew      
k-μ¿-i-\-Øn¬ P-\w A-t±-l-sØ cm-P-Io-b-am-     
bn F-Xn-tc-‰-Xv tlm-im-\ F-∂m¿-Øp. Cu ]-
›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ B-lv-fm-Z-{]-I-S-\-Øn-\pw \-∑-t\-
     
cp-∂-Xn-\p-ap-≈ H-cp ]-Z-{]-tbm-K-am-bn C-Xp am-dn.     
{In-kv-Xp-hn-s‚ sb-cp-i-tew k-μ¿-i-\-Øn-s‚ kv-      
a-c-W-bn¬ F-∏n-kv-t°m-∏¬ k-`mw-K-ß-fm-b {In-     
kv-Xym-\n-Iƒ C-∂v "Hm-im-\ Rm-b-dm-gv-N' B-N-cn-      
°p-∂p. Ip-cp-tØm-e-bp-ta-¥n ssh-Zn-I-cp-sS ]n-∂m-
se hn-izm-kn-Iƒ ssZ-hm-e-b-Øn-\p h-ew-h-bv-°p-
     
∂p. Cu Ip-cp-tØm-e- h-f-sc `-b-`-‡n-tbm-sS H-cp

h¿-jw h-sc `-h-\-Øn¬ kq-£n-°p-∂-h-cp-ap-≠v.
s]-k-l
Cu-Pn-]v-Xn-se A-Sn-a-Ø-Øn¬-\n-∂p c-£-s∏-
´-Xn-s‚ Hm¿-Ω-bv-°m-bn bn-{km-tb¬ k-aq-lw B-
N-cn-®p-h-∂ H-cp s]-cp-∂m-fm-Wv s]-k-l. H-cm-gv-N
Zo¿-Ln-°p-∂ Cu B-N-c-W-Øn¬ ]p-fn-∏n-√m-Ø
A-∏-am-Wv A-h¿ `-£n-°p-I. F-∂m¬, ss{I-kv-X-
h-k-`-bv-°v C-ß-s\ H-cp s]-cp-∂mƒ \n¿-t±-in-°-
s∏-ń-ń-√. {In-kv-Xp-hn-s‚ D-bn¿-∏n-s‚ H-cp Im-e-
L-´w h-sc s]-k-l(-]m-kv-sI) F-∂p {In-kv-Xym-
\n-Iƒ ]-d-™n-cp-∂p. s]-k-l F-∂ {Ko-°p-]-Z-
Øn-\v "I-S-∂p-t]m-Ip-I' F-∂ A¿-∞-am-Wp-≈-Xv.
A-d-am-b `m-j-bn¬ s]-k-l F-∂p ]-d-bpw. ss_-
_n-fn-s‚ {Ko-°v kw-]v-‰n-Pn‚ v hn-h¿-Ø-\-Øn¬ ]m-

{I-a-am-bn h-∂v Ip-Spw-_-\m-Y-\n¬ \n-∂v A-∏w kzo- ®n-cn-°p-∂p. {In-kv-Xp-hn-s‚ I-jv-Sm-\p-`-hw kv-a-cn-
kv-Im F-∂p D-]-tbm-Kn-®n-´p-≠v. e-Øo-\n¬ ]m-kv- I-cn-°pw. Ip-Spw-_-Øn¬ B-sc-¶n-epw a-cn-®m¬ {]- °p-∂ A-\p-`-hw. ho-Sp hr-Øn-bm-°p-I t]m-epw
Im F-∂ {]-tbm-Kw h-∂p. hn-¢n-^n (1328˛ 84) s‚ kv-Xp-X-h¿-jw Ip-cn-i-∏w D-≠m-°n-√. an-®w h-cp- C-√. Zpx-J-km-{μ-am-b A-¥-co-£w \n-e-\n¿-Øn-bn-
ss_-_n-ƒ hn-h¿-Ø-\-Øn¬ ]m-kv-sI F-∂ ]- ∂ Ip-cn-i-∏-Øn-s‚ I-j-W-ßƒ \-in-∏n-°p-I-tbm cp-∂p.
Zw D-]t- bm-Kn-®p. Sn≥-tU¬ (1536) hn-h¿-Ø\ - Ø
- n¬ D-t]--£n-°p-I-tbm A-ss{I-kv-X-h¿-°v sIm-Sp-°p- ho-Sp-I-fn-epw ]-≈n-I-fn-epw "a-in-lm N-cn-{Xw-˛
Cu-Ã¿ F-∂ ]-Z-am-Wp-≈-Xv. A-ß-s\-bm-Wv Cu- I-tbm C-√. Ip-Spw-_mw-K-ßƒ X-s∂ A-Xv `-£n- ]p-Ø≥-]m-\' hm-bn-°pw. ]-Xn-t\-gmw \q-‰m-≠n¬
Ã-dn-\p s]-k-l, ]m-kv-I F-∂ t]-cp-Iƒ ]-d-™p °pw. a-‰p-≈-h¿-°v (A-ss{I-kv-X-h¿-°v) sIm-Sp-°p- tI-cf - Ø- n-se-Øn-b lw-tK-dn-b≥ an-j\ - d
- n A¿-t\m-
Xp-S-ßn-b-Xv. Bw-t•m km-Iv-k≥ P-\-X H-cp D-’- ∂-Xn-\v h-t´-∏-hpw C-≠-dn-b-∏-hpw D-≠m-°m-dp-≠v. kv ]m-Xn-cn (tPm¨ G¿-W-Ãv tP-k≥) 1681 ˛1732)
hw s]-k-lm-°m-e-Øv B-N-cn-®n-cp-∂p. A-Xn-s‚ ap≥-]v s]-k-lm cm-{Xn ap-gp-h≥ {]m¿-∞-\-bn-epw c-Nn-® ]p-Ø≥-]m-\ F-∂ Cu Io¿-Ø-\-ßƒ {In-
A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ A-h¿ D-bn¿-∏p-s]-cp-∂m-fn-\pw ss_-_nƒ hm-b-\-bn-epw sN-e-h-gn-°p-∂ ]-Xn-hp- kv-Xp-hn-s‚ I-jvTm-\p-`-h-ß-fp-sS {]-ta-b-ßƒ Iq-
]n-∂o-Sv Cu-Ã¿ (Cu-kv-X¿) F-∂pw t]-cp sIm-Sp- ≠m-bn-cp-∂p. sS Dƒ-s°m-≈p-∂-Xm-Wv. tim-Iw I-e¿-∂ Io¿-
Øp. Zpx-J-sh-≈n Ø-\w [ym-\m-fl-I-am-bn {i-≤m-]q¿-Δw sNm-√p-
{In-kv-Xp-hn-s‚ ]o-Vm-\p-`-h B-gv-N-bn-se hym- {In-kv-Xp {Iq-in-°-s∏-´ Zn-h-kw Zpx-J-sh-≈n F- tºmƒ a-\x-kv-Xm-]-Øn-s‚ A-\p-`-hw D-≠m-Ipw.
gm-gv-N ss{I-kv-X-h¿-°n-S-bn¬ "s]-k-l-hym-gm-gv-N' ∂ t]-cn¬ A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. s{]m-´-Ã‚p-Im-cm-b Cu Zn-h-k-ßƒ ]-›m-Øm--]-Øn-t‚-Xm-Wv. kz-bw
F-∂ t]-cn¬ A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. "tam-≠n tX-gv-kv- Cw-•o-jp-Im¿-°v C-Xv \-√ sh-≈n (Good Friday)bm- B-flo-b-{I-ao-I-c-W-Øn-\m-Wv. F-√m-hn-[ hn-t\m-
tU' F-∂p Cw-•o-jn¬ ]-d-bpw. {In-kv-Xp X-s‚ ]- Wv. {In-kv-Xp F.Un 30-˛¬ Im¬-h-dn-bn-se {Iq- Z-ß-fn¬ \n-∂pw hn-izm-kn-Iƒ hn-´p \n-ev-°pw. Cu
{¥-≠p-in-jy-∑m-cp-sS ]m-Zw I-gp-In- B-gv-N-bn¬ hn-hm-lw \-S-Øm-dn-√. amw-km-lm-cw
b-Xn-s\ (tbm-l. 13: 4,5) A- h¿-÷n-°p-I-bpw sN-øpw. ]-≈n-I-fn¬ {In-kv-Xp-
\p-kv-a-cn-®p-sIm-≠v F-∏n-kv- hn-s‚ I-jvTm-\p-`-h-ß-fn¬ ]-¶p-tN-cp-∂p F-
t°m-∏¬ k-`-I-fn-se ssh-Zn- ∂ [m-c-W-bn¬ Ip-cn-iv (…o-_m)
I¿ (]-´-°m-cpw ta¬-∏-´-°m- I-gp-In-b sh-≈-Øn¬ ssI-∏p
cpw am¿-]m-∏-t]m-epw)]-{¥- (]m-h-bv-°m) \o¿ I-e¿-Øn hn-
≠p- t]-cp-sS ]m-Zw I-gp-Ip-∂ izm-kn-Iƒ Ip-Sn-°pw. {]-kv-Xp-X
B-Nm-cw "s]-k-l-hym- Zn-h-k-ß-fn¬ ]-≈n-I-fn¬ D-
gm-gv-N' \-S-Øm-dp-≠v. ]-tbm-Kn-°p-I " a-ca- W
- n-bm-
Im¬ I-gp-Ip-∂ B-N- Wv ' "{In-kv-Xp-hn-s‚ ar-X-
c-W-tØm-S-\p-_-‘n- i-co-cw' I-ń-en¬ In-S-Øn {]-
®v ip-{iq-jb - n¬ D-]t- bm- Z¿-in-∏n-°p-I-bpw \-K-cn-Im-Wn-
Kn-°p-∂ "am≥-Um-Øpw t\m- °p-I (hn-em-]-bm-{X)bpw sN-
hpw' F-∂ e-Øo≥ ]-Z-ß-fn¬ øp-∂ Nn-e ssZ-hm-e-b-ßƒ D-
\n-∂m-Wp "tam-≠n tX-gv-kv-tU' F-∂ {]-tbm- ≠v. F-√m ]-≈n-I-fn-epw X-s∂
Kw D-≠m-b-Xv. "H-cp ]p-Xn-b I-ev-]-\' F-∂¿-∞w. I-ń-en-tem _-©n-tem I-dp-Ø Xp-
F-∏n-kv-t°m-∏¬ k-`-I-fn¬ "Im¬ I-gp-I¬' ip- Wn hn-cn-®v sh-dpw Ip-cn-iv In-S-Øm-dp-≠v. {In-
{iq-j B-cw-`n-®-Xv 13-˛mw \q-‰m-≠n¬ tdm-an-em-Wv. in¬ c-£m-I-c-Zu-Xyw ]q¿-Øn-bm-°n am-\-h-cm-in- kv-Xp-hn-s‚ ]o-Um-\p-`-h-hp-am-bn _-‘-ap-≈ ]-e
tI-c-f-Øn-se am¿-tØm-Ωm \-{km-Wn-I-fp-sS C- bp-sS ]m-]w tam-Nn-®-Xn-\m¬ {]-kv-Xp-X Zn-h-kw N-S-ßp-I-fpw ]m-›m-Xy-k-`-I-fn¬ \n-∂p I-Sw sIm-
S-bn¬ s]-k-l-hym-gm-gv-N cm-{Xn s]-k-l-`-£- ]m-›m-Xy kw-kv-Ir-Xn-bn¬ "sh-≈n-bm-gv-N' F-∂ ≠n-´p-≠v.Zpx-Js - h-≈n B-Nc - W
- w G-It- ±-iw \m-emw-
Ww(Paschal meal) H-cp-°p-∂ ]-Xn-hv B-cw-`n-®p. \n-e-bn¬ s{]m-´-Ã‚p-Im-¿-°v A-Xv \-√ sh-≈n- \q-‰m-≠n-s‚ a-[y-tØm-sS B-cw-`n-®p. 2012 am¿-®v
C-sXm-cp Ip-Spw-_m-N-c-W-am-Wv . a-s‰m-cn-S-Øpw Cu bm-Wv. A-∂v {In-kv-Xp A-`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-® ]o-U-\- A-hk - m-\w _-\U - n-IvS- v ]-Xn-\m-dm-a≥ am¿-]m-∏ Iyq-
B-N-c-Ww \n-e-hn-en-√. Ip-cn-i-∏-hpw ]m-ep-am-Wv hpw th-Z-\-bpw I-jv-S-hpw Hm¿-Øn-´m-Wv Zpx-Jw am- _ k-μ¿-in-®-t∏mƒ {]-kn-U‚ v d-\¬ Im-kv-t{Sm-
s]-k-l-`-£-W-hn-`-h-ßƒ. Ip-cn-i-∏w ]p-fn-∏n-√m- d-n-b sh-≈n-bm-gv-N F-∂ \n-e-bn¬ s{]m-´-Ã‚p- bp-am-bn \-S-Øn-b N¿-®-bv-°n-S-bn¬ A-`y¿-∞n-®-
Ø A-∏-w F-∂ t]-cn-epw A-dn-b-s∏-Spw. Hm-im-\ Im-¿-°v A-Xv Good Friday B-b-t∏mƒ tI-c-f-Øn- Xn-s\ am-\n-®v 2012 ap-X¬ Iyq-_-bn¬ Zpx-J-sh-≈n-
Rm-bd - m-gvN - ]-≈n-bn¬ \n-∂v e-`n-°p-∂ Ip-cp-tØm- se {In-kv-Xym-\n-Iƒ Dƒ-s∏-sS tem-Iw F-ßp-ap- bm-gv-N- A-h-[n {]-kn-U‚ v {]-Jym-]n-®p.
e-sIm-≠v Ip-cn-ip-≠m-°n A-∏-Øn¬-h-®m-Wv Ip- ≈ F-∏n-kv-t°m-∏¬ hn-izm-kn-Iƒ {In-kv-Xp I-jv- …o-hm-]m-X
cn-i-∏w D-≠m-°p-∂-Xv. hn-`-hw X-øm-dm-°p-∂-Xv Ip- S-X-bp-sS ]m-c-ayw A-\p-`-h-®-Xv sh-≈n-bm-gv-N F- ]-Xn-\m-dmw \q-‰m-≠n¬ ]m-›m-Xy-k-`-bn¬ cq-
Spw-_-\m-Y-\m-Wv. A-∏w ap-dn-®p \¬-Ip-∂-Xpw Ip- ∂-Xn-\m¬ Zpx-J-sh-≈n-bm-gv-N-bm-bn ]-cn-K-Wn-®p. ]w sIm-≠ …o-hm-]m-X (hn-bm-km-{I, Ip-cn-in-s‚
Spw-_-\m-Y-≥-X-s∂. -`-£-W-k-a-b-Øv 13 I-j-W- ]-≠p s]-k-l hym-gm-gv-N cm-{Xn ap-X¬ Zpx-J-i-\n- h-gn, Way of the cross) H-cp `-‡m-\p-jv-Sm-\-am-Wv. e-
ß-fm-bn ({In-kv-Xp-hn-s\-bpw ]-{¥-≠p-in-jy-∑m-sc- bm-gv-N cm-{Xn h-sc {]m¿-∞-\-bp-sS-bpw D-]-hm-k- Øo≥ (I-tØm-en-°m) an-j-\-dn-am-cn-eq-sS-bm-Wv C-
bpw kq-Nn-∏n-®v) A-∏w ap-dn-°pw. aq-Ø-h¿ ap-X¬ Øn-s‚-bpw Zn-h-k-ß-fm-bn {]-tXy-Iw th¿-Xn-cn- Xp tI-c-f-Øn¬ F-Øn-®-Xv. {In-kv-Xp-hn-s‚ ]o-Um-
34 NERKAZHCHA
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VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023  35
k-l-\-bm-{X-bn-se A-h-km-\-kw-`-h- D-bn¿-∏v Xn-cp-\m-fn-s‚ D-¤-h-sØ-
ß-fn¬ \n-∂p sX-cs - ™-Sp-Ø 14 kw- ∏-‰n hy-‡a - m-b [m-cW - C-√. t]-K¨
`-h-ß-sf 14 tÃ-j-\p-I-fm-bn Ip-cn-in- a-Xm-Nm-c-am-b "--kq-cy-tZ-h-s‚ ]n-d-hn
s‚ h-gn {I-ao-I-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. a-c-°p- Zn-h-kw ' \o-Xn-kq-cy-\m-b {In-kv-Xp-
cn-iv Np-a-∂v, ssh-Zn-I-cpw hn-izm-kn- hn-s‚ P-\-\-Zn-h-k-am-bn {In-kv-Xym-\n-
I-fpw Cu 14 tÃ-j-\p-I-fn¬ ap-´p-Ip- Iƒ Aw-Ko-Ic - n-®X - p-t]m-se "Cu-Ã¿'
Øn \n-∂p h-f-sc `-‡n-tbm-sS {]- B-tLm-jw I-S-sa-Sp-Øv {In-kv-Xp-hn-
kv - X p- X kw- ` - h - ß ƒ [ym- \ n- ° - p w, s‚ D-bn¿-∏v Xn-cp-\mƒ B-tLm-jn-
{]m¿-∞n-°pw. Hm-tcm kw-`-h-sØ-bpw ®p Xp-S-ßn-b-Xm-bn-cn-°-Ww. D-bn¿-∏v
A-\p-kv-a-cn-°p-∂ [ym-\-{]-kw-K-ß- Xn-cp-\m-fn-\v Xn-c-s™-Sp-Ø Zn-h-k-
fpw D-≠m-Ipw. ssZ-hm-e-b-Øn-\-I- sØ-∏-‰n-bpw hn-hm-Z-ap-≠v. b-lq-Z-k-
{º-Zm-b-{]-Im-cw \o-km≥-am-kw 14-˛mw

Øpw Nn-e-t∏mƒ tdm-Un-s‚ h-i-ß-
fn-epw Ip-cn-in-s‚ h-gn {I-ao-I-cn-°m- Xo-b-Xn B-tLm-jn-°p-∂-h-cp-ap-≠v.
dp-≠v. lr-Z-b-kv-]¿-in-bm-b Io¿-Ø- A-hs - c "]-Xn-\m-ep-Im¿' F-∂m-Wv hn-
\-ß-fpw Ip-cn-in-s‚ h-gn-bn¬ sNm- fn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. \o-km≥-am-kw I-gn-™p-
h-cp-∂ Rm-b-dm-gv-N Cu-Ã¿ B-tLm-
√m-dp-≠v. ^m. B-t_¬ (B-t_-e- jn-°p-∂-h-cp-ap-≠v. s] -k-l hym-g-sa-∂m¬ s{sI-kv-X- X-øm-dm-°p-∂ hn-[w
®≥) c-Nn-® …o-hm-]m-X Km-\-ß-fpw \n- J ym- I u¨- k n- e n- s ‚ Im- e w h-sc kw-_-‘n-®v {]-[m-\-s∏-´ H-cp Zn- B-Zyw X-s∂ sh-≈-Øn¬ Ip-Xn¿-Ø
{]m¿-∞-\-I-fpw {]-kn-≤-am-Wv. Ip-cn- (G.Un 325) ap-X¬ am¿-®v 21(-kq-cy≥ h-k-am-Wv. tb-ip {In-kv-Xp X-s‚ in- D-gp-∂v B-h-iy-Øn-\v sh-≈w tN¿-Øv
in-s‚ h-gn-bn¬ kq-Nn-∏n-°-s∏-´ ]- `q-a-≤y-tc-J-bn¬ h-cp-∂ Zn-h-kw) I- jy¿-s°m-∏w s]-k-lm s]-cp-\mƒ B- \-∂m-bn A-cs - ®-Sp-°p-°W- w. C-Xn-\v ]p-
e kw-`-h-ß-sf kw-_-‘n-®pw A-`n- gn-™p-h-cp-∂ ]q¿-Æ-N-{μ-\p-ti-j-ap- N-cn-®-Xn-s‚ Hm¿-a-°m-Wv tem-I-sa-ºm- d-ta Nn-c-In-b tX-ß-bpw Po-c-I-hpw ]-
{]m-b-hXym-k-hpw D-≠v. Sp-ap-≈ s{sI-kv-X-h¿ C-∂pw C-Xm-N-cn- cp-°-\m-bn th-sd X-s∂ A-c-s®-Sp-°-
≈ B-Zy-Rm-b-dm-gv-N B-N-cn-°p-∂- °p-∂-Xv. s]-k-lm hym-g-Øn¬ H-gn-®p Ww.
D-bn¿-∏v s]-cp-\mƒ Xn-\v [m-c-W-bm-bn. tdmw, A-e-Iv-km-
{In-kv-Xp-hn-s‚ D-bn¿-sØ-gp-t∂- Iq-Sm≥ ]-‰m-Ø H-cp hn-`-h-am-Wv A-∏- Np-h-∂p-≈n-bpw sh-fp-Øp-≈n-bpw C-
≠-dn-bm- F-∂n-hn-S-ß-fn¬ D-]-tbm-Kn- hpw ]m-epw. {]m¿-∞-\m-]q¿-h-am-Wv C- Xp-t]m-se th-sd-Øs - ∂ A-c® - v Ip-gº
- p-
ev-]n-s\ A-\p-kv-a-cn-®p-sIm-≠p-≈ D- ®n-cp-∂ I-e≠ - d - p-Iƒ A-\p-kc - n-®m-Wv h ]m-N-Iw sN-øp-∂-Xv. {]m¿-∞-\-°v cq-]-Øn-em-°-Ww.
bn¿-∏p-s]-cp-∂mƒ(-Cu-Ã¿) "Xn-cp-\m- Cu-Ã¿ Xo-b-Xn \n-›-bn-°p-∂-Xv. C- ti-jw Ip-Spw-_\ - m-Y≥ A-∏w ap-dn-°¬ ]n-∂o-Sv H-cp h-en-b ]m-{X-Øn¬ A-cn-
fp-I-fp-sS Xn-cp-∂m-fm-bn' hn-ti-jn-∏n- ¥y-bn¬ C-t∏mƒ A-[n-Iw kw-`-h- ip-{iq-°-°v t\-Xr-Xzw \¬-Ip-∂p. H-cp s∏m-Sn-sb-Sp-Øv C-Xn-te-°v A-c-®v h-®
°-s∏-Sp-∂p. ]m-]-Øn-s‚-bpw a-c-W- ß-fpw {Kn-tKm-dn-b≥ I-e-≠-dm-Wv D- kw-kv-Im-c-Øn-s‚ X-s∂ `m-K-am-b s]- D-gp-∂pw tX-ß-bpw Np-h-∂p-≈n- sh-fp-
Øn-s‚-bpw ta¬ {In-kv-Xp hn-P-b-]- ]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv. A-Xp-sIm-≠v {In- k-lm A-∏-Øn-s‚ ]m-N-I co-Xn-bm-Wv Øp-f-fn t]-Ãpw B-h-iy-Øn-\v sh-≈-
Xm-I D-b¿-Øp-I-bm-Wv. {In-kv-Xp-hn- kv-a-kv, Cu-Ã¿ Xp-S-ßn-b hn-ti-j- C-hn-sS hn-i-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv. hpw tN¿-Øv \-√ Ip-g-ºp ]-cp-h-Øn¬
s‚ ssZ-h-Xz-hpw a-l-Xz-hpw {]-Io¿- ßƒ A-[n-Iw k-`-I-fpw H-tc Xo-b- tN-cp-h-Iƒ B-°p-I.
h-dp-Ø A-cn-s∏m-Sn 2 I-∏v aq-∂v a-Wn-°q-dn-\v ti-jw A-∏-s®-ºn-
Øn-°s - ∏-Sp-∂p. B-Zn-ak
- `
- b
- n¬ C-ß- Xn-X-s∂ B-tLm-jn-°p-∂-p. Cu-Ã¿ tX-ß Nn-c-In-b-Xv 1 1/4 I-∏v s‚ X-ń¬ \n-c-Øn-b hm-g-bn-e-bn-te-°v
s\ H-cp B-N-c-Ww D-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. Xo-b-Xn, B-N-c-Ww F-∂n-h kw-_- D-gp-∂v H-cp ]n-Sn Cu am-hv tIm-cn-sbm-gn-°p-I. C-Xn-s‚
{In-kv-Xp-hn-s‚ D-bn¿-sØ-gp-t∂-ev-]v ‘n-®v th-Z-]p-kv-X-Im-Sn-Ø-d- C-√. ap- (sh-≈-Øn-en-´v Ip-Xn¿-Ø-Xv) ap-I-fn-em-bn Ip-cp-tØm-e sIm-≠v Ip-
B-Zn-a-k-` hn-iz-kn-®n-cp-∂p. B-N-c- ºv kq-Nn-∏n-®-Xp-t]m-se kq-cym-cm-[- Np-h-∂ D-≈n 5- 6 F-Æw cn-iv D-≠m-°n h-°mw.
W-hpw B-tLm-j-hpw ]n-∂o-Sv h-∂- \-bp-am-bn _-‘s - ∏-´p-≈ H-cp t]-K¨ sh-fp-Øp-≈n 2 A-√n C-Xv ]-Xn-\-©v an-\n-´v B-hn-bn¬ th-
Xm-Wv. C-°m-cyw ap≥-]v ]-cm-a¿-in-®n- D-’-h-Øn-s‚ kzm-[o-\-am-Wv Cu-Ã- D-∏v B-h-iy-Øn-\v hn-s®-Sp-°p-I.
´p-≠-t√m. dn-\pw D-≈-Xv. sh-≈w B-h-iy-Øn-\v s]-k-lm A-∏w X-øm¿.
▲
36 NERKAZHCHA
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t°-≠X - n-√. Im-cW - w A-dn-bp-I F-∂ {In-bb - p-sS
     I¿-Øm-hpw ssZ-hh - pw, kzm-X{- ¥y-\m-Ip-I F-∂ {In-
    b-bp-sS I¿-Øm-hpw a-\p-jy-\p-am-W.v A-dn-™p F-
∂ Im-cW - Ø - m¬ C-Ss - ]-S¬ \-S° - p-∂n-√. X-Sb - p-I
    t{]-cn-∏n-°p-I F-∂s - Xm-∂pw A-dn-bp-I F-∂ ssZ-
   ho-I⁄ -- m-\w ap-tJ-\ kw-`h - n-°p-∂n-√. A-Xp-sIm-
      ≠p-Xs - ∂ a-\p-jy≥ k¿-ΔX - {- ¥-kzm-X{- ¥-\m-W.v ssZ-
h-Øn-s‚ ap-∂d - n-hv a-\p-jy-kzm-X{- ¥yw l-\n-°p-∂n-
 √ F-∂ h-kX -v p-X H-cp-Zm-lc

°mw. ap-dn-bp-sS `n-Øn-bn¬ C-cn-°p-∂ {]m-Wn-sb
]n-Sn-°m≥ H-cp ]-√n km-hI
dn-bn-en-cn-°p-∂ tem-\∏
- W- Ø - n-eq-sS hy-‡a
- m-iw k-ao--]n-°p-∂X
- ≥ Im-Wp-∂p. ]-√n {]m-Wn-
- v ap-
- m-

sb ]n-Sn-°p-sa-∂ k-Xyw tem-\∏ - ≥ ap≥-Iq-ń A-dn-
bp-∂p. tem-\∏ - ≥ t\m-°n-bn-cn-s° G-Xm-\pw \n-an-
j-ßƒ-°p-≈n¬ {]m-Wn-sb ]-√n ]n-Sn-°p-IX - s - ∂
sN-bX -v p. {]m-Wn-sb I-s≠-Øn-bX - pw X-{¥-]q¿-Δw
k-ao-]n-®X - pw ]n-Sn-bn-em-°n B-lc - n-®X - pw ]-√n-bp-
sS kz-X{- ¥-am-b {]-h¿-Ø\ - Ø - n-em-W.v {]m-Wn-sb
I¿-Øm-hn-s‚ ]o-Vm-\p-`h- h- m-cØ
- n-te-b°
-v v A-Sp-Øp- bm-Wv F-∂p ]-cn-X] - n-°p-∂ `m-cX - o-b km-am-\y-Nn- A-]I - S- Ø - n-em-°n-bX - v {]m-Wn-bp-sS A-{i-≤b - pw A-
sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂ ss{I-kX -v h - k - a - q-lw s]-kl - m-tbm- ¥-bpw ss{I-kX -v h - N- n-¥b - pw X-Ωn¬ A-Sn-ÿm-\] - - ÿm-\Ø - p-≈ C-cn-∏p-am-bn-cp-∂p. C-hb - m-Is - ´ {]m-
S-\p-_‘ - n-®p-≈ hm-b\ - I - f - n¬ {i-hn-°p-∂ t]-cp-I- c-am-bn F-s¥-¶n-epw hy-Xym-ka - p-t≠m? F-√mw ap≥- Wn kz-X{- ¥y-am-bn sX-cs - ™-Sp-ØX - p-am-bn-cp-∂p. {]m-
fn¬ \-Sp-°t- Øm-sS-bpw G-sd sh-dp-t∏m-sS-bpw ]-cn- Iq-ń \n-›b - n-°s - ∏-´s - X-¶n¬ a-\p-jy-s‚ \n-Xy-c£ - - Wn-sb c-£n-°m≥ tem-\∏ - ≥ C-Ss - ]-ń-cp-∂p F-¶n¬
N-bs - ∏-Sp-∂ \m-aa - m-Wv bq-Zm-kn-t‚-X.v ]-WØ - n-\p-th- tbm \n-Xy-in-£t- bm t]m-epw \n-›b - n-°s - ∏-´p-Ig- n- A-Xv A-hb - p-sS kzm-X{- ¥y-Øn-ep-≈ I-S∂ - p-Ib - ‰ - a - m-
≠n-bm-Wv bq-Zm-kv tb-ip-hn-s\ H-‰n-sIm-Sp-Øs - X-∂v ™-Xs - √? a-\p-jy-{]-bX - \ v- Ø - n-t\m a-\p-jy≥ sN- Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p. ssZ-hw A-dn-bp-∂p F-∂X - √ - A-X\ - p-
k-am-¥c - k - p-hn-ti-jI - ∑ - m¿ H-cp-t]m-se tc-Js - ∏-Sp- øp-∂ \-∑X - n-∑I - ƒ-t°m A-Xn-s\ kzm-[o-\n-°m-\m- k-cn-®v C-Ss - ]-Sp-Ib - m-sW-¶n¬ am-{X-ta a-\p-jy-kzm-
Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. X-s‚ Kp-cp ssZ-h] - p-{X-\m-sW-∂v hp-tam? A-ßs - \-sb-¶n¬ a-\p-jy-kzm-X{- ¥yw F-∂- X-{¥yw l-\n-°s - ∏-Sp-Ib - p-≈q.
aq-∂p-h¿-jw A-hn-St- Øm-sSm-Øv k-¥X - k - l - N - m-cn- Xv H-cp a-co-Nn-Ib - pw c-£m-Ic - ] - ≤ - -
bm-bn- I-gn-™ bq-Zm-kn-\v t_m-[y-ap-≠m-hm-Xn-cn-°m≥ A-Xn-\m¬-Ø- Xn-bn¬ bq-Zm-kn-
\ym-ba - n-√. am-{X-a√ - C-t∏mƒ Xm≥ sN-øm≥ t]m-Ip- s∂ ]p-Wy-]m-]- s‚ {]-hr-Øn A-
∂ Ir-Xyw Kp-cp ap≥-Iq-ń a-\ - n-em-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p hn-th-N\ - w tI-he - - \n-hm-cy-am-bn-cp-
F-∂ t_m-[y-hpw A-h\ - p-≠.v A-h¿ s]-kl - m `- sam-cp {]-tl-fn-I- t∂m? bq-Zm-kn-
£n-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂t- ∏mƒ "F-t∂m-Sp Iq-sS ]m-{X- bp-am-In-t√. s‚ {]- h r- Ø n-
Øn¬ ssI-ap-°p-∂h - ≥ F-s∂ H-‰n-s°m-Sp-°pw'.(a- ssZ-hØ - n-\p a- Iƒ A-hs - ‚ kz-
Øm-bn26: 23) F-∂pw, A-tX Xp-S¿-∂v "Kp-tcm A-Xp \p- j y- s ‚ `m- h n- X-{¥y-am-b Xo-cp-
Rm-\m-tWm'? F-∂p-≈ bq-Zm-kn-s‚ tNm-Zy-Øn-\v, sb-°p-dn-®v ap-∂d - n- am-\Ø - n-s‚ ^-e-
"\o ]-d™ - p-Ig- n-™p F-∂ tb-ip-hn-s‚ {]-Xyp-Øc - - hv C-√ F-¶n¬ A- am-bn-cp-∂p. A-
hp-sa-√mw ta¬ kq-Nn-∏n-® bq-Zm-kn-s‚ t_m-[y-ßƒ- hn- S p- ∂ v k¿- Δ - h≥ \-S-Øp-∂
°v A-Sn-hc - C-Sp-∂p. C-Øc - w Xn-cn-®d - n-hp-Iƒ-s°m- ⁄m-\n-b√ - . ap-∂- h-©\ - s - b-°p-dn-
∂pw {Z-hym-{K-lw F-∂ am-tΩm-s‚ X-tem-Se - n¬ \n- dn-hv D-s≠-¶n¬ a- ®v tb-ip-\m-Y≥
∂v B-flm-hn-s\ hn-ap-‡a - m-°m-\h - \ - p I-gn-™n-√. \p-jy≥ kz-X{- ¥- \n-c¥ - c - a - m-bn ap-
Im-cW - w, Ip-‰a - n-√m-Ø Kp-cp-hn-s‚ c-‡Ø - n-s‚ hn-e \-√. ap≥-Iq-ń kw- ∂-dn-bn-∏p \¬-
in-jy-s‚ a-Sn-in-eb - ° -v v I-\w h¿-≤n-∏n-°p-∂p-≠m-bnhn-[m-\w sN-øs - ∏- In-bn-cp-∂p. F-
cp-∂p. ´ \m-S-I-Øn-se ∂n-´pw tb-ip-hn-
bq-Zm-kv s]-s´-s∂m-cp-Zn-hk - w {Z-hym-k‡ - n-°v A- tI-he - s - am-cp I-Ym- s\ A-h≥ kz-X-
Sn-ab
- m-bn-Xo¿-∂h - \ - √ - . _-Ym-\n-bm-bn-se ssX-em-`n- ]m-{Xw am-{X-am-Wv {¥-am-b Xo-cp-am-
tj-It- h-fb - m-bn-cp-∂p k-μ¿-`w. a¿-Øm, a-dn-bw, em- a-\p-jy≥. ssZ-h- \-{]-Im-cw H-‰n-
k¿ k-tlm-Zc - ß- f - p-sS Ip-Spw-_w. a-dn-bw hn-eI - q-Sn- Øn-s‚ ap-∂d- n-hpw sIm-Sp-Øp. Xm≥
b H-cp Ip-∏n \m¿-±o≥ kp-K‘ - s - sX-ew Kp-cp-hn-s‚ a-\p-jy-kzm-X{- ¥y-hpw X-Ωn¬ _-‘s - am-∂p-an-√ F- sN-bX -v X - v sX-‰m-sW-∂v Xn-cn-®d - n-bm-\pw kz-X{- ¥-am-
]m-Zß - f - n¬ A-`n-tj-Iw sN-bX -v t- ∏mƒ, A-Xp I-≠p ¶n¬ ssZ-ha - \
- p-jy-_‘ - w tI-he - w km-¶¬-]n-Ia - m- b Xo-cp-am-\{- ]-Im-cw B-fll - X - y sN-øm-\pw bq-Zm-
\n-∂ bq-Zm-kn-s‚ "[m¿-Ωn-It- _m-[w' A-hs - \ sIm- Ipw. H-cp-h≥ {In-an-\e - m-bpw kz-h¿-§m-\p-cm-Kn-bm-bpw, kn-\v kzm-X{- ¥y-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. bq-Zm-kv tb-ip-hn-s\
≠-Xp-]d - b - n-∏n-®p. A-Xp-hn-‰v B Xp-I ]m-]ß - ƒ-°v km-aq-ly-hn-cp-≤\ - m-bpw P-\\ - Ø - n-\p ap≥-t] \n-›- H-‰n-sIm-Sp-Øn-√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ c-£m-Ic - N - c - n-{Xw
F-¥p-sIm-≠p sIm-Sp-Øn-√. F-∂m¬ A-tX-∏‰ - n k- bn-°s - ∏-´h - \ - m-sW-¶n¬ A-hs - \ Ip-‰w hn-[n-°m-\m- ]q¿-Øn-bm-°m-sX t]m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. Im-cW - w, c-
l-in-jy-\pw kp-hn-ti-jI - \ - p-am-b tbm-l∂ - m≥ ]-d- hp-tam? Cu B-\p-Iq-eyw bq-Zm-kn-\p F-¥p-sIm-≠p- £m-Ic - N - c - n-{Xw tb-ip-hpw bq-Zm-kpw X-Ωn-ep-≈ kw-
bp-∂X - p {i-≤n-°p-I." A-h\ - X - v ]-d™ - X
- v A-h≥ Z- sIm-Sp-Øp Iq-Sm. c-£m-Ic - N - c - n-{X-Øn¬ kw-`h - n-t°- L¿-ja - m-bn-cp-∂n-√. {]-Xyp-X ssZ-hh - pw km-Øm-\pw
cn-{Z-tcm-Sp ]-cn-KW - \ - D-≠m-bn-cp-∂X - v sIm-≠√ - , {]- ≠-sX-√mw bp-Kß - ƒ-°p-ap≥-t] ssZ-hw ]-≤X - n-bn-´- X-Ωn-ep-≈ kw-L¿-ja - m-bn-cp-∂p. B-cpw H-‰n-bn-s√-
Xyp-X A-hs - \m-cp I-≈\ - m-bn-cp-∂X - p-sIm-≠pw ]-W- Xm-bn-cp-∂n-t√. tb-ip ]o-UI - f - \- p-`h- n-®p Ip-cn-in¬ ¶n-epw {In-kX -v p-hn-s‚ Ip-cn-ip-ac - W- Ø - n-\v Xn-∑I - f - p-
k-©n A-hs - ‚ ssI-øn-em-bn-cp-∂X - p-sIm-≠pw A- a-cn-°W - w. aq-∂mw Zn-hk - a - p-b¿-sØ-gp-t∂¬-°W - w sS i-‡n I-fs - am-cp-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p.
Xn¬ ho-gp-∂X - n¬ \n-∂v A-h≥ F-Sp-Øn-cp-∂X - p-sIm- F-s∂-√m-ap-≈ ssZ-ho-I] - ≤ - X - n-bp-sS Xp-S° - w bq-Zm- G-sd-Ip-sd k-am-\a - m-b sX-‰v in-jy-{]-ap-J\ - pw sN-
≠p-am-Wv' . (tbm-l. 12:6) kn-s‚ H-‰n-s°m-Sp-°¬ F-∂ {]-hr-Øn-bn¬ \n-∂m- bvX- X- v \mw Im-Wp-∂p. bq-Zm-kv tb-ip-hn-s\ H-‰n-
H
- c- p a-\p-jy-\p h-cp-hm-\n-cn-°p-∂ Zp¿-ÿn-Xn-sb- W-t√m. A-h≥ H-‰n-s°m-Sp-Øn-√m-bn-cp-∂p F-¶n¬ sIm-Sp-sØ-¶n¬, ]-t{Xm-kv tb-ip-hn-s\ \n-tj-[n-
∏-‰n bq-Zm-kn-s\-b√ - m-sX a-‰m-sc-bpw tb-ip hy-‡n- c-£m-Ic - N- c - n-{X-w X-s∂ X-In-Sw a-dn-t™-s\. H-‰n- ®p-]d - ™ - p. H-tc cm-{Xn-bp-sS c-≠p bm-aß - f - n¬. H-
]-ca - m-bn hn-[n-°p-∂n-√ F-∂X - v {i-t≤-ba - m-Wv. F- s°m-Sp-°e - n¬ \n-∂v bq-Zm-kv ]n≥-Xn-cn-bp-∂p F-∂p cmƒ A-t∏mƒ-Xs - ∂ lr-Zb - w s\m-¥p-Ic - ™ - p Xn-
∂m¬ a-\p-jy-]p-{X-s\ B-cv H-‰n-s°m-Sp-°p-∂p-thm k-¶e - v] - n-°p-I. {]-Xn-tbm-Kn-Iƒ tb-ip-hn-s\ ]n-Sn- cn-®p-h∂ - p; a-‰b - mƒ ]n-s‰-Zn-hk - w sI-ń-Rm-∂p N-
A-h\ - p Zp-cn-Xw! P-\n-°m-Xn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ A-h\ - p \- °p-∂n-√. ]n-Vm-\p-`h - w \-S° - p-∂n-√. Ip-cn-ip-ac - W - - Øp. a-cW - Ø - n-te-b° -v pw Po-h\ - n-te-b° -v p-ap-≈ A-I-
∂m-bn-cp-∂p! Cu {]-Xy-£] - c - m--a¿-iw t]m-epw A-h- hp-an-√. F-√mw \n-›b - n-°s - ∏-´X - n¬ \n-∂v am-dn-t]m- ew G-Xm-\pw an-\n-‰p-Iƒ am-{Xw. c-≠pw kz-X{- ¥y-am-
km-\ \n-an-jØ - n-epw H-‰p-Im-cs - ‚ lr-Zb - Ø - n¬ t\- Ip-∂ A-hÿ - . A-ßs - \ F-√m ]-≤X - n-If - pw {I-aa - m- b Xo-cp-am-\ß - f - m-bn-cp-∂p.
cn-b N-e\ - w t]m-epw kr-jS-v n-°p-∂n-√. Im-cW - w, A- bn F-gp-Xs - ∏-ń-cn-°p-∂X - p-t]m-se ]-cn-ka - m-]X v- n-bn- bq-Zm-kn-s‚ ]-£Ø - pw c-≠p km-[y-XI - f - p-≠m-
h-s‚ Nn-¥b - pw {i-≤b - pw ssI-øn¬ h-∂ ap-∏X - p-sh- te-b° -v v F-Øp-hm≥ I-gn-™X - n-\v \mw B-Zyw \-μn bn-cp-∂p. H-∂p-In¬ ssZ-hØ - n-s‚ ]-£Ø - v \n-eb - p-
≈n-\m-Wb - ß - f - p-sS h¿-Æs - ]m-en-ab - n-em-bn-cp-∂p. hn- ]-dt- b-≠X - v bq-Zm-kn-t\m-Ss - √. A-h≥ sN-bX -v s - Xm- d-∏n-°p-I A-s√-¶n¬ km-Øm-s‚ ]-£Ø - .v bq-Zm-kv
X-°m-cs - ‚ ssI-øn¬ \n-∂v ap-≈p-If - p-sS C-Sb - n¬ cp ]p-Wy-{]-hr-Øn-bt- √? (bq-Zm-kn-s‚ kp-hn-ti-jw t_m-[] - q¿-Δw c-≠m-as - Ø h-gn sX-cs - ™-Sp-Øp.
ho-W hn-Øm-bn am-dp-∂p bq-Zm-k.v ]-cn-Wn-X^ - e - t- am F-∂ Ir-Xn Cu hn-`m-KØ - n¬-s]-Spw).
? "sh-≈n-\m-Wb - ß - ƒ tZ-hm-eb - Ø- n-te-b° v- v h-en- a-\p-jy-s‚ F-√m sX-‰p-If - pw ssZ-hØ - n-s‚ ap-∂- ]-gb- - hn-X° - m-c≥ C-∂pw {]-h¿-Ø\ - \- n-cX - \ - m-
s®-dn-™n-´v A-h≥ t]m-bn sI-ń-Rm-∂p N-Øp.' (a- dn-hv (Fore Knowledge)F-∂ ssZ-ho-Ik - ¿-Δ⁄ - m-\- Wv. h-gn-bc - n-In-epw ]m-dt- a-epw ap-≈p-Iƒ-°n-Sb - n-epw
Øm-bn 27:5) Øn¬ B-tcm-]n-®v c-£s - ∏-Sp-hm-\p-≈ a-\p-jy-a\ - k - n- hn-Øp-ho-gp-∂p-ap-≠.v hn-Øn-\v bm-sXm-cp Ip-g∏ - h - p-an-
A-ßs - \ Kp-cp-hn-s\ H-‰n-sIm-Sp-Øv Ip-{]-kn-≤n s‚ X-{¥-am-Wv C-Øc - w Nn-¥m-KX - n-°p ]n-∂n-ep-≈- √. F-√mw ap-f° - p-∂h- X-s∂. A-h ho-gp-∂ C-S-
t\-Sn-b bq-Zm-kv kvI - d - n-tbm-Ø k¿-Δc - m-epw sh-dp- Xv. ssZ-hw F-√mw A-dn-bp-∂p-≠.v ˛ F-∂X - v \n-Xy-k- ßƒ-°m-Wv `m-ht- `-Zw. a-\x-]q¿-Δw Xm-eI -v m-en-Ie - m-`-
°-s∏-Sp-tºm-gpw c-£m-Ic - N- c - n-{X-Øn¬ A-h\ - pw ]- Xy-am-W.v ]-s£ B A-dn-hv a-\p-jy-kzm-X{- ¥y-sØ Øn-\p-th-≠n km-Øm-s‚ ]-£Ø - v \n-eb - p-d∏ - n-®n-´v
¶n-s√ F-∂p-≈ X-Xz-im-k{v- X-Nn-¥I - ƒ Nn-es - c-¶n- H-cp-hn-[Ø - n-epw l-\n-°p-∂n-√. A-dn-bp-∂X - p ssZ-h- X-\n-°p-hc - p-∂ Zp-c¥ - ß- f - p-sS D-Øc- h- m-Zn-Xzw hn-X-
epw ]-¶p-h® - m¬... A-Xn-\p-≈ D-Øc - w tX-Sp-Ib - m-Wv hpw kzm-X{- ¥yw A-\p-`h - n-°p-∂X - v a-\p-jy-\p-am-Ib - m¬ °m-c\- n¬ B-tcm-]n-°p-∂X - v ssZ-h\- n-μb - m-W.v
Cu te-J\ - Ø - n-eq-sS. F-√mw hn-[n-bm-Wv X-se-hc - - C-hb - p-sS ]m-ck - ] -v c- y-Øn¬ k-¶o¿-ÆX - B-tcm-]n- Courtesy: kn-dn-b-Iv ]p-d-°m-´v Ip-º-fw MTh
38 NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023
NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023  39
ASHES AND DIAMONDS
Nm-c-hpw h-{P-ß-fpw
B-t{μ hm-gv Z /
t]m-fn-jv / 1958 / 105 an-\n-‰v
A-ßs- \
\n-ßƒ Pz-en-°p-s∂m-cp ]-¥w
Np-‰pw I-Øp-∂ N-WØ
]-et- ∏m-gpw
- n-s‚ A-Sc - p-Iƒ-

bp-≤-hn-cp-≤
\n-ßƒ-°d
kzm-X{- ¥y-tam a-cW
A-Xv ]-I¿-∂p X-cp-sa-∂-v
G-sd C-„s
ti-jn-°p-∂X
- n-bn-√
- ∏-´h - Z-ln-∏n-®m¬
- v Nm-cw am-{Xw
- t- am
N-e-®n-{X
A-s√-¶n¬ A-\¥
\n-Xy hn-Pb
Nm-cØ
\-£X
- n¬ \n-∂p-bc
- Ø
- Xp-ey-amw h-{P Zo-]X
t]m-fn-jv kw-hn-[m-bI
- a
- n≥ {]-`m-X \-£{- Xw t]m-se
( t]m-fn-jv I-hn kn-{]n-bm≥ t\m¿-hn-Uv

- mw X-a
- s
- \
- ´
- v
-v n-Iƒ..,,,
/ Film -Ashes and Diamonds)

- m-b B-t{μ hm-gZ-v m-bb - p-sS
bp-≤-ßƒ 3
bp-≤h - n-cp-≤ N-e® - n-{X {X-ba- m-Wv F P-\t- d-j≥ (1954),
Im-\¬ (1956),B-jk - v B≥-Uv U-ba - ≥-Uk -v v (1958 ).
c-≠mw-tem-Ia - l- m-bp-≤Ø - n-\p ti-jw 1945 ¬ - k-¶o¿-
Æ-am-sbm-cp cm-{„o-b km-lN - c - y-Øn-eq-sS I-S∂ - p-t]m-
Ip-Ib - m-bn-cp-∂p t]m-f≠ - .v C-SX - p-]£ - h
- e - X - p-]£ - -
\m-kn t- ]m-fn-jv ss]-Xr-I ssh-cp-[y-ßƒ A-hn-sS
\n-e\ - n-∂p . ap-Xe - m-fn-Ø km-{am-Py-Xzw , tkm-jy-en-
Ãv km-{am-Py-Xzw F-∂n-hb - p-sS A-[o-\X - b - n¬ bq-
tdm-∏n¬ ap-∂W - n-If - p-≠m-bn. A-tXm-sSm-∏w t]m-f-
≠n-s‚ X-\X - m-b ss]-Xr-Iw kq-£n-°p-hm-\pw kz-
X-{¥ P-\m-[n-]X - y cm-Py-am-bn hn-Ik - n-°m-\pw sh-
º¬-sIm-≠ hn-πh - kw-Lß - f - pw {]-h¿-Øn-®p.
Cu kn-\n-a ]-tcm-£a - m-bn I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãv ]-£s - Ø
]n-¥m-ßp-∂p-sh-¶n-epw I-Ym-\m-bI - ≥ a-ko-Iv C-cp-
tN-cn-If - p-sS-bpw A-[o-iz-Xz-sØ \n-cm-Ic - n-°p-∂ , H-
cp kz-X{- ¥ ]-ca - m-[n-Im-c t]m-fn-jv dn-∏ª - n-°n-s\
kz-]\ -v w Im-Wp-∂ hn-πh - kw-LØ - n-se kzm-X{- ¥y        
k-ac - t]m-cm-fn-bm-Wv .       
sX-‰pw i-cn-bpw th¿-Xn-cn-°m-\m-hm-Ø {]-Xn-k‘ - n         
\n-d™- cm-{„o-b km-lN - c - y-sØ-bm-Wv kw-hn-[m-b-     
I≥ {]-ta-ba - m-bn kzo-Ic - n-®n-cn-°p-∂X - v . C-Xn¬ A-
Xn-k¶ - o¿-Æa - m-b \n-e] - m-Sm-Wv d-jy≥ ssk-\o-I A-
        
[n-\n-th-it- Øm-Sp-≈ F-Xn¿-∏pw I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãv km-       
{am-Py-Xz hn-cp-≤X - b - pw. t]m-f≠ - n-s‚ Nn-{X-sa-Sp-Øp      
t\m-°n-bm¬ d-jy≥ ta¬-t°m-ba -v s- b t]m-fn-jv P-\-   
X H-cp-Im-eØ - pw Aw-Ko-Ic - n-®n-cp-∂n-s√-∂p Im-Wmw.       
A-{X-tb-sd kmw-kI -v m-cn-I ss]-Xr-Ih - pw _u-≤n-I
k-ºØ - pw t]m-f≠ - n-\p-≠v .
      
F-∂m¬ 1955 ¬ - hm-gt-v km D-Sº - S- n \-S∂ - cm-Py-hpw    
t]m-f≠ - m-Wv . tkm-hn-b‰ - v bq-Wn-bs - ‚ Io-gn¬ A¬-    
t_-\n-b, _ƒ-tK-dn-b, sN-t°m-t…m-hm-Iy, In-g° - ≥     
P¿-Ω\ - n , lw-Kd - n F-∂n-hs - b Iq-sS-sX t]m-f≠ - pw      
\m-t‰m hn-cp-≤ tkm-jy-en-Ãv k-Jy-Øn¬ Aw-Ka - m-
bn-cp-∂p . ap-Xe - m-fn-Ø km-{am-Py-Xz i-‡n-If - n¬ \n-
 
∂v I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãv ]-£s - Ø kw-c£ - n-°p-I , ]-ck - ] -v -       
c k-lI
]n¬-°m-eØ
- c- W
- w D-d∏
- v 1989 s
- m-°p-I F-∂n-hb
- e t]m-fn-jv hn-πh
- m-Wv e-£yw.
- w h-eX - p-]-
   
£ Nm-bzm-bn ]-cm-ac - i -v n-°s - ∏-´p-s≠-¶n-epw Ip-g™ - p
a-dn-™ hy-Xy-kX -v ]-›m-Øe - h - pw Nn-¥I - f - pw kzm-
X-{¥y km-[q-Ic - W - h - pw B hn-πh - Ø - n-\v D-≠m-bn-cp-
∂p-ht- √m . hn-πh - ß - f - pw I-em-]ß - f - pw I-S∂ - p-t]m-b {I-´d
- n sk-kq-°s - b h-[n-°p-Ib - m-Wv e-£yw. B h- tlm-é - n-se _m≥-Iz-‰v lm-fn-\p k-ao-]w _m-dn-en-
H-cp tZ-ih - pw A-Xn-\p Np-‰p-ap-≈ cm-{„o-b i-‡n-I- gn h-∂ Po-∏n-ep-≈ c-≠p-t]-sc A-h¿ h-[n-°p-∂p . cp-∂p a-Zy-]n-°p-∂ a-ko-°pw B-s{μ-bpw " Im-kn-
fpw X-Ωn-ep-≈ ssh-cp-[y-ßf - pw kw-Lc - j -v ß - f - pw G- A-h¿ A-hn-sS-\n-∂pw c-£s - ∏-Sp-∂p. A-hn-sS Iq-Sn- t\m am-ae - I- f
- n-se Np-h∏ - v t]m-∏n ]q-°ƒ "F-∂ tZ-
Xm-≠v C-°m-es - Ø bq-{I-bn≥ - d-jy bp-≤Ø - n-\p b \m-´p-Im-cm-b I¿-jI - ¿ I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãv t\-Xm-°ƒ- i-`‡
- n-Km-\w tIƒ-°p-∂p . 1944 sa-bv am-ka - m-Wv
]n-∂n-epw k-am-\a - m-bn Im-Wm≥ I-gn-bpw . °v t\¿-°p-≈ Cu B-{I-aW - s - Ø cq-£a - m-bn A-]- t]m-fn-jv P-\I - o-b tk-\ \m-kn-If - n¬ \n-∂v Im-kn-
1958 5- 9 Im≥ ^n-enw ta-fb - n¬ ]-s¶-Sp-°p-∂X - n¬ e-]n-°p-∂p . \n-c] - c - m-[n-Iƒ h-[n-°s - ∏-Sp-∂X - v \ym- t\m a-eI - ƒ Xn-cn-®p-]n-Sn-®X - v . sIm-√s - ∏-´h - ¿-°p-≈
Cu Nn-{X-Øn-\v hn-e° - p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p . F-∂m¬ sh- bo-Ic - n-°m-\m-hn-√t- √m. B-Zc- w . F-∂m¬ X-ßf - p-sS kw-LØ - n¬ D-≠m-bn-
\o-kv ^n-enw ta-fb - n¬ ^n-{]-kn ]p-ck - I -v m-cw I-c- F-∂m¬ kw-LS- \ - b- p-sS X-eh - ≥ ta-P¿ hm-Km h- cp-∂h- s
- c-bm-Wv a-ko-Iv A-\p-ka -v c
- n-°p-∂X - v . t]m-f-
ÿ-am-°n tem-Ik - n-\n-ab - n¬ {i-t≤-ba - m-bn . [-{i-aw ]-cm-Pb - s - ∏-´X - m-bn A-dn-™t- ∏mƒ c-≠m-a- ≠n-\v th-≠n Po-h≥ _-en-b¿-∏n-® X-ßf - p-sS kw-
Cu Nn-{X-Øn-s‚ Xp-S° - Ø - n¬ , 1945 sa-bv 8 \v sXm-cp Du-gw Iq-Sn a-ko-°n-\pw B-t{μ-b° -v pw {Un-h- L-Øn-se Hm-tcm-cp-Øs - c-bpw a-ko-Iv Hm¿-°p-∂p. A-
kzm-X{- ¥y t]m-cm-´ kw-LØ - n-se a-ko-°pw B-s{μ- t\m-hk -v I -v n-°pw \¬-Ip-∂p. ]m¿-ń `m-ch - m-ln-If - pw h¿-°m-bn Hm-tcm •m-kv a-Zyw \o-°n-sh-®v A-Xn¬
bpw {Un-ht- \m-hk -v I -v n-bpw H-cp Zu-Xy-Øn¬ G¿-s∏- a-{¥n-bpw h-\n-XI - f - p-sam-s° ]-s¶-Sp-°p-∂ hn-cp-∂v Xo-sIm-fp-Øp-∂p .
Sp-∂X - m-bn \mw Im-Wp-∂p . Ip-∂n≥-\n-dp-Ib - n-ep-≈ k-tΩ-f\ - w tlm-´¬ tam-tWm-t]m-fn¬ \-S° - p-Ib - m- _m-dn-se-Øp-∂ {Un-ht- \m-hk -v I -v n-bm-hs - ´ a-Zy-]n-
hn-P\ - a - m-b H-cp tZ-hm-eb - Ø - n-\p k-ao-]w tXm-°p-I- Wv .Kw-ò-ca - m-b N-Sß - v . A-hn-sS sk-kq-°b - p-ap-≠m- ®v e-°v sI-Sp-∂p . sU-tam-{Im-‰n-Iv ]-{X-Øn-s‚ {]-
fp-am-bn A-h¿ Im-Øp-In-S° - p-∂p . d-jy≥ Nm-bzp-≈ hpw. A-h¿ aq-∂p t]-cpw tlm-´¬ tam-tWm-t]m-fn¬ Xn-\n-[n ]o-\n-kn-°p-am-bn t]m-f≠ - n-s‚ kz-X{- ¥-am-
I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãv t]m-fn-jv h¿-t°-gk -v v ]m¿-ń-bp-sS sk- F-Øp-∂p . A-hn-sS H-cp ap-dn a-ko-Iv F-Sp-°p-∂p . b `m-hn-sb Ip-dn-®v N¿-® sN-øp-∂p . ]-et- ∏m-gpw d-
40 NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023
NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023  41
IY Ipc- p-Xn-°f- w ssl-kI -v qƒ tÃ-Un-bØ - n¬ Iq-°p-hn-fn-bpw ssI-bS- n-bpw
amXyp s\√n°p∂v D-b¿-∂p. kvI - q-fn-se ^p-St-v _mƒ I-fn-°m¿ c-≠p So-ap-If - n-em-bn A-Wn-\n-c-

∂p. kvI - qƒ So-an-te-°v I-fn-°m-sc Xn-cs - ™-Sp-°p-∂ Zn-hk - w.
tÃ-Un-bØ - n-s‚ h-St- ° Hm-cw tN¿-∂p-\n-∂p Ip-ń-am-fp I-fn-I≠ - p. A-hf - p-
sS an-\p-ka - p-≈ ap-Sn-bn-gI
- ƒ Im-dd - n¬ C-fI- n.
D-Æn-t°m-c≥ ]-¥p-am-bn tKmƒ-t]m-Ãn-te-°v ap-t∂-dp-Ib - m-W.v \o-≠ B¿-
∏p-hn-fn-bpw ssI-bS- n-bpw.
tKm-fS- n-®n-´v D-Æn-t°m-c≥ tÃ-Un-bØ - n-s‚ h-St- ° A-cn-In-te-°p t\m-°n.
Ip-ń-am-fp B-th-it- Øm-sS ssI-bS- n-®p. C-cp-\n-da - m¿-∂ ap-JØ - v Np-h∏ - n-s‚
A-Xn-{]-kc - w. I-fn Xp-S¿-∂p. A-t∏mƒ D-Æn-t°m-c≥ ]-¥p-am-bn tÃ-Un-b-
Øn-s‚ h-St- ° Hm-cw t\m-°n Hm-Sn.
F-Xn¿-]£ - Ø - n-s‚ sk‚¿ t^m¿-th-Uv In-´p-Æn-bp-sS Im-ep-Iƒ h-St- °
Hm-cw e-£y-am-°n ]m-™p. A-hs - ‚ I-Æp-Iƒ Np-h∂ - p I-eß - n-bn-cp-∂p. Np-
´p-s]m-≈p-∂ I-\e - n¬ N-hn-ń-bX
- p-t]m-se A-h\ - p tXm-∂n. A-hs - ‚ tZ-lw
hn-ds- Im-≠p.
A-t∏m-gpw Ip-ń-am-fp ssI-bS- n \n¿-Øn-bn-√. In-´p-Æn-bp-sS N-¶n¬ F-t¥m
D-S°- n.
s]-s´-∂v ]-¥v In-´p-Æn-bp-sS A-Sp-sØ-Øn. A-hs - ‚ Im-ep-Iƒ N-en-®p. D-
Æn-t°m-c≥ tÃ-Un-bØ - n-s‚ h-St- ° Hm-cw tN¿-∂p In-S∂ - p ]n-S™ - p.
jy≥ Nm-bzp-≈ ]m¿-ń `m-ch - m-ln-Is - f B-t£-]n- \n-Xy hn-Pb

- Ø
- n≥ {]-`m-X \-£{- Xw t]m-se . am-Xr-cm-Py-Øn-\p th-≠n-bp-≈ tZ-i`- ‡ - n-bpw kzm-
°p-Ib - pw sN-øp-∂p . H-∏w \m-kn-bp-sS km-∂n-[y- Nm-cØ
- n¬ \n-∂p-bc - s
- ´ X-{¥y-Øn-\p th-≠n-bp-≈ t]m-cm-á - m-Wv {]-[m-\w
sØ-bpw Cw-•≠ - n-s\-bpw A-ta-cn-°s - b-bpw hn-a¿- \-£X - Xp-ey-amw h-{P Zo-]X
-v n-Iƒ..,,, C-Xn-\n-sS sk-kq-° X-s‚ ap≥-`m-cy-sb Im-Wm≥
in-°p-∂p . sN-√p-∂p . X-s‚ a-Is - \ Ip-dn-®v A-dn-bW - w . ap≥ `m-
_m-dn¬ sh-®v _m¿ Po-h\ - ° - m-cn-bm-b {In-Ão-\- {In-Ão-\b- p-sS sN-cp-∏n-se lo¬ hn-´p-t]m-bt- ∏mƒ cy-b° -v v bm-sXm-cp a-aX - b - pw A-bm-tfm-Sn-√ . ]m¿-ń-
sb a-ko-Iv ]-cn-Nb - s - ∏-Sp-∂p . A-ht- fm-Sv A-bmƒ-°v a-ko-Iv , sN-cp-∏v hm-ßn, \n-{Z-bn-em-≠ Im-h¬-°m- °n-Sb - n¬ sk-kq-° A-dn-bp-∂p , X-s‚ a-I≥ ssk-
A-Sp-∏w tXm-∂n . {In-Ão-\b - ° -v pw A-bm-sf C-„a - m- c≥ A-dn-bm-sX I-t∏-fb - n¬ I-bd- n \-∂m-°p-tºmƒ, \y-Øm¬ ]n-Sn-°s - ∏-ń-ń-cn-°p-∂p . ]-Xn-s\-´p-Im-c-
bn .a-ko-Iv X-s‚ ap-dn-bn-te-°v {In-Ão- \m-b a-I≥ a-s‰m-cp Xo-{h-hm-Z cm-{„o-
\-sb £-Wn-®p . hn-cp-∂p k-tΩ-f\ - - b kw-LS- \ - b - n¬ Aw-Ka - m-W.v a-Is - \
Øn-\n-Sb - n¬ A-tX tlm-é - n-se ap-dn- Im-Wp-hm≥ ssk-\o-I tI-{μ-Øn-te-°v
bn¬ A-h¿ H-cp-an-®p . sk-kq-° C-dß - n-\S- ∂ - p.
\-K\ -v c- m-bn In-S° - p-tºmƒ A-h¿ ]-c- sk-kq-°b - p-sS Hm-tcm \o-°h - pw \n-
kv] - c - w `m-hn-sb Ip-dn-®v Nn-¥n-°p-∂p . co-£n-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂ a-ko-Iv tdm-Un-
{In-Ão≥ G-Ib - m-Wv . F-∂m¬ H-cp Ip- te-°n-dß - n . hn-P\ - a- m-b ]m-X . C-Sb - -v
Spw-_ Po-hn-XØ - n-\p A-hƒ D-Ss - \ X- °n-sS ssk-\yw tZ-i`- ‡ - n Km-\w B-
øm-d√ - . a-ko-°n-\p t\-cw ]p-ec - pw ap≥- e-]n-®v am¿-®v sN-øp-∂p . a-ko-I \-S∏ - n-
t] Zu-Xyw ]q¿-Øn-bm-°n , \-Kc - w hn- \v th-Kw Iq-ń . ap-t∂-\S- ∂ - p . ]n-s∂
Sp-Ib - pw th-Ww . A-h¿ cm-{Xn-bn¬ \- Xn-cn-sI \-S∂ - p . sk-kq-Ib - ° -v p A-`n-
S-°m-\n-dß - n. ap-Js- a-Øn-bt- ∏mƒ tXm-s°-Sp-Øv \n-
bp-≤I - m-ew A-hc - p-sS _m-ey-ßf - n¬ d-sbm-gn-®p. sk-kq-I a-cn-®p-ho-Wp . Zu-
G¬-∏n-® ap-dn-hp-Iƒ A-h¿-°p-≠v . Po- Xyw ]q¿-Øn-bm-°n-b a-ko-Iv A-Xn-th-
hn-XØ - n¬ G-Im-In-If - m-bn k-©c - n-°p- Kw tlm-é - n-se-Øn ]p-ds - ∏-Sm≥ X-
∂p. kz-¥s - a-∂p ]-db - m≥ A-{X h-en- øm-dm-bn . hn-cp-∂p-ta-f A-hk - m-\n-®n-ń-
b _-‘ß - f - n-√. `m-hn A-\n-›n-XX - zw √ . A-hn-sS ]m-´pw kw-Ko-Xh - pw \r-Ø-
\n-d™ - X
- m-W.v km-lN - c
- y-ßƒ am-dn-a- hpw \-S° - p-∂p-≠v .
dn-t™-°mw. A-h¿-°v ip-` {]-Xo-£b - p-≠.v a-g ho- i-–w tI-´v Im-h¬-°m-c≥ I-S∂ - p-h∂ - p B-t{Im-in- a-ko-Iv sd-bn¬-th kvt- ‰-j\ - n-te-°v \-S∂ - p . Xo-h-
W-t∏mƒ A-h¿ H-cp X-I¿-∂ sI-ń-SØ - n-te-°v Hm-Sn- ®p. Xn-cp-cq-]Ø - n-\p ap-∂n¬ c-≠p i-hi - c- o-cß- ƒ ≠n-bp-sS Nq-fw tIƒ-°mw .h-gn-bn¬ sh-®v , a-Zy-]n-
°-bd - n. A-sXm-cp ]-gb - I-t∏-fb - pw i-hI - p-So-ch
- p-am- sh-≈Ø - p-Wn-aq-Sn In-SØ - n-bn-´p-≠v . a-ko-Iv sh-≈- ®p e-°p-sI-´ {Un-ht- \m-hk -v I -v n-bn¬ \n-∂pw H-gn-™p
bn-cp-∂p. `n-Øn-bn-se A-S¿-∂p-t]m-b en-]n-Iƒ A- Øp-Wn am-‰n t\m-°n . Xm≥ sIm-es - ∏-Sp-Øn-b \n-c- am-dn , d-bn¬-th kvt- ‰-j\ - n-te-°v Hm-Sp-∂X - n-\n-sS A-
hƒ hm-bn-°m≥ {i-an-®p . ]-cm-[n-If - m-b c-≠p-t]-cp-sS ar-Xi - c- o-cß - ƒ! _-≤Ø - n¬ H-cp ssk-\n-Is - \ X-ń-ho-gØ -v n . ]m-XI - -
A-ßs - \ ]-et- ∏m-gpw A-h¿ tlm-é - n-te-°v Xn-cn-sI \-S∂ - p . A-hs - f fn¬ ssk-\yw Pm-Kc - q-Ia - m-bn I-gn-™n-cp-∂p . \-Kc - -
\n-ßƒ Pz-en-°p-s∂m-cp ]-¥w- _m-dn-te-°v bm-{X-bm-°pw ap≥-]v ho-≠pw B-enw-K- Øn¬ \n-∂v H-cmƒ-°v Hm-Sn-c£ - s - ∏-Sp-I A-{X F-fp-
Np-‰pw I-Øp-∂ N-WØ - n-s‚ A-Sc - p-Iƒ- \-ßf - n¬ A-a¿-∂p . C-\n F-ßs - \ A-h¿ I-≠p-ap- ∏-a√ - . F-¶n-epw ssk-\y-Øn-\v ]n-Sn-sIm-Sp-°m-sX
\n-ßƒ-°d - n-bn-√ , ´p-sa-∂p A-dn-bn-√ . ]-s£ {]-Xo-£b - p-≠v . t\-cw Hm-Sn-c£ - s
- ]-t´ a-Xn-bm-hq . ssk-\yw A-bmƒ-°v ]n-
kzm-X{- ¥y-tam a-cW - t- am A-Xv ]-I¿-∂p X-cp-sa-∂-v ]p-ec- pw ap≥-t] A-bmƒ-°v X-s‚ Zu-Xyw \n-dt- h-‰- ∂m-se ]m-™p . H-Sp-hn¬ sh-Sn-bp-Xn¿-Øp.
G-sd C-„s - ∏-´h - Z-ln-∏n-®m¬ Ww . 4 :30 \p-≈ Xo-h≠ - n-bn¬ bm-{X-bm-hW - w sh-Sn-tb-‰ a-ko-I ho-≠pw Hm-Sn . Xo-h≠ - n I-S∂ - p-
ti-jn-°p-∂X - v Nm-cw am-{Xw tlm-é - n¬ Xn-cn-s®-Øn-b a-ko-°s - b B-t{μ tNm- t]m-Ip-∂X - v A-bmƒ I-≠p . \-Kc - a - m-en-\y-ßƒ \n-
A-s√-¶n¬ A-\¥ - a - mw X-a - v .. Zyw sN-bX -v p . {In-Ão-\b - p-sS Iq-sS Iq-Sn-bX - n-\p ti- d-™ sh-fn-{]-tZ-iØ - n-eq-sS A-bmƒ F-¥n-tb-¥n
jw a-ko-Ib - °-v v a-\ - n-\v am-‰w h-∂n-´p-s≠-∂v B- \-S∂- p . Nm-ch - pw I-Se - m- p-Xp-≠p-If - pw \n-d™ - N-
hm-bn-s®-Sp-°m≥ _p-≤n-ap-ń-bt- ∏mƒ am-dn-\n-∂ a- t{μ kw-ib - n-®p . a-ko-°s - b I-ci -v \ - a - m-bn hn-e° - p-I- Xp-∏n¬ A-bmƒ A-hi - \ - m-bn ho-Wp .]n-s∂ \n-›-
ko-Iv ]q-cn-∏n-®p . bpw sN-bX -v p . hy-‡n-KX - kz-]\ -v ß - ƒ c-≠m-aX - m-Wv e-am-bn- . (XpScpw)
42 NERKAZHCHA
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VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023  43
Im-tXm-Sp Im-tXm-c-hpw 'ssh-im-         
en'bn-se Zpw Zpw Zpw Zp-μp-`n-\m-Zh - pw     
H-s° ]m-Sn a-eb - m-fn-sb hn-ka -v b - n-∏n-
® Km-bn-Ib - m-Wv kw-Ko-X \m-SI - A-
       
°m-Za - n A-hm¿-Uv t\-Sn-b e-Xn-I F-       
∂ sIm-√w I-S∏ - m-°S- `m-h\ - \-K¿       
'{]-ho-W'bn¬ F≥.e-Xn-I. a-eb - m-f-
Øn-epw X-an-gn-epw sX-ep-¶n-ep-am-bn ap-
∂q-dn-te-sd N-e®
F≥. e-Xn-Ib
- n-{X-Km-\ß
- p-sS Hm-tcm ]m-´pw a-e-
- ƒ ]m-Sn


bm-fn Hm¿-Øp-hb - ° -v p-∂ Km-\ß - f - m-W.v
`-cX- ≥ Nn-{X-ßf - n-se ]m-´p-If - m-Wv
Km-bn-I F-∂ \n-eb - n¬ G-sd {]-ik - X -v n t\-Sn-s°m-
Sp-ØX - .v Xm-cpw X-fn-cpw, ]q-th-Ww ]q-∏S- th-Ww, H-
Øn-cn-sbm-Øn-cn tam-lß - ƒ, ]p-et- c ]q-t¶m-Sn-bn¬, \o ho-Wp-dß - n... kz-]\ v- \ - n-{Z-bn¬ Rm≥ Xn-fß - n'
lr-Zb - c- m-KX - {- ¥n ao-ń... Xp-Sß - n G-sd ]m-´p-Iƒ. tZ- F-∂ B-Zy N-e® - n-{X Km-\w tb-ip-Zm-kn-t\m-sSm-∏w
h-Zq-X¿ ]m-Sn, \o-sb≥ k¿-Kk - u-μc - y-ta (Im-tXm-Sp- ]m-Sn. 40 h¿-jØ - n-\p-ti-jw 'K-∏n'bn¬ tb-ip-Zm-kn-
Im-tXm-cw), \n-em-hn-s‚ ]q-¶m-hn¬.. ({io-Ir-jW -v ∏ - - s‚ a-Is - \m-∏w ]m-Sm-\pw \n-tbm-Ka - p-≠m-bn.
cp-¥)v , s]m-∂n≥-Ip-Sw s]m-´p-sXm-´p ap-∂n¬ (F-s‚, Km-bI - ≥ P-bN - {- μ-\p-am-bn ]-cn-Nb - s - ∏-´t- Xm-sS e-
F-t‚-Xp am-{Xw) Xp-Sß - n-bh - s - bm-s° Im-ew a-db - -v Xn-Ib - ° -v pw k-tlm-Zc - ≥ cm-tP-{μ-_m-_p-hn-\pw Km-\-
°m-Ø Km-\ß - f - m-W.v ta-fI- f- n¬ H-t´-sd A-hk - c - w e-`n-®p. `-cX - s- ‚ Nm-a-
B-Zy-Im-e kw-Ko-X kw-hn-[m-bI - ≥ ]n.F-k.v Zn-hm- cw Dƒ-s∏-sS-bp-≈ Nn-{X-ßf - n¬ e-Xn-Ib - p-sS ]m-´p-
I¿ ap-X¬ Nn-Zw-_c - \- m-Y,v Z-£n-Wm-aq¿-Øn, cm-L- Iƒ ln-‰v B-bn am-dn. tb-ip-Zm-kn-s‚ \n¿-_‘ - w aq-
h≥, Pn.tZ-hc - m-P≥, Fw.sI.A¿-Pp-\≥, Hu-tk-∏® - ≥, ew sN-ss∂ sN-ss∂ ayq-kn-Iv A-°m-Za - n-bn¬ tN¿-
F-k.v ]n.sh-¶n-tS-j,v cm-Pm-aW - n, Xp-Sß - n ]p-Xp-Xe - a - p- ∂ e-Xn-I H-∂mw dm-¶v t\-Sn kw-Ko-X hn-Zzm≥ ]-co-
d-bn-se hn-jW -v p hn-Pb - -v h-sc Cu-Ww ]-I¿-∂ Km-\- £ hn-Pb - n-®p. Xp-S¿-∂p ]m-e° - m-Sv kw-Ko-X tIm-f-
ßƒ ]m-Sn. B-Zy-Km-\w tb-ip-Zm-kn-s\m-∏a - m-bn-cp-∂p. Pn¬ A-[ym-]n-Ib - m-bn. A-[ym-]n-Ib - m-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ
B-{im-aw k-Zm-in-h≥ `m-Kh - X - c - p-sS-bpw _n.sI.\- X-s∂ N-e® - n-{X Km-\ß - f - pw B-e] - n-®p. ]n-∂o-Sv \o-
fn-\n-bp-sS-bpw 5 a-°f - n¬ \m-em-as - Ø-bm-fm-Wv e-Xn- ≠ C-St- h-f.
I. A-—\ - m-Wv B-Zy-Kp-cp. A-©m-as - Ø h-b - n¬ 16 h¿-js - Ø C-St- h-fb - ° v- p-ti-jw 'K-∏n'bn¬ 'A-
Km-\t- a-fI - f
- n¬ ]m-Sn-Øp-Sß - n. kw-Ko-X kw-hn-[m-b- Xn-ce
- n-bpw I-cI - h - n-bpw {]-hm-la - m-b.v .' F-∂ Km-\h - p-
I≥ i-cØ - n-s‚ A-Ωm-h≥ cm-P≥ em-em-Wv A-Xn-\p am-bn ho-≠p-sa-Øn. tPm¨-t]mƒ tPm¿-Pv kw-hn-
h-gn-sbm-cp-°n-bX - v. [m-\w sN-bX -v K-∏n-bn¬ hn-jW -v p hn-Pb - p-sS kw-Ko-
]n-∂o-Sv a-ßm-Sv \-tS-i≥ Kp-cp-hm-bn. ]-Ømw ¢m- X-Øn-em-Wv Cu Km-\w ]m-Sn-bX - .v kzm-Xn Xn-cp-\mƒ
kn¬ ]Tn-°p-tºmƒ I-Æq¿ cm-Ps - ‚ \m-SI - Ø - n¬ kw-Ko-X tIm-fP - n¬ C-cp-hc - pw e-Xn-Ib - p-sS in-jy¿
]m-Sm≥ A-h-k-cw. Cu ]m-´v kw-hn-[m-b-I≥ in kw-hn-[m-\w sN-bX
-v A-`n-\μ
- \
- w kn-\n-ab
- n¬ I- B-bn-cp-∂p.
sF.hn.i-in tIƒ-°m-\n-Sb - m-bn. 1976¬ sF.hn.i- Æq¿ cm-P≥ Cu-Ww ]-I¿-∂ ']p-j] -v X
- ¬-]Ø- n¬ `¿-Øm-hv cm-tP-{μ≥. a-I≥: cm-lp¬ cm-P.v
44 NERKAZHCHA
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Rm≥ C-∂s- k‚ .v A-tX-t∂, C-∂s- k‚ .v ]-®-
∏m-hw.
F-s‚ A-Ω Hm-tcm Ip-™n-s\ {]-kh
sIm-®n-s\ sIm-≠p-h∂
tS-eI
- v \-tS-eI
- w ¥q-´m-∂v A-dn-tbm? ho-Sn-s‚ \-Sp-hn-ep-≈-
- Ø
- n-°p-tºm-gpw
- p In-SØ - pw. \-


Xm Cu \-tS-eI - w.
A-∏≥ {]-kh - a- p-dn-bn¬ I-bd - W - G¿-∏m-Sn-√. F-
∂p-sh-®v A-∏\ - v kz-¥w Œm-hn-s\ Im-Wm-≠n-cn-°m≥
]-t‰zm? A-Xn-\m C-X.v
A-∏\ - ß - S-v v h-cpw. Ip-ń-sb ßvS- v Im-Wpw. ]-‰n-sbm-
cp t]-cß - S-v v C-Spw. {]-tXy-In-®p t]-cn-s‚ A¿-sYm-
∂pw aq-∏c - v t\m-°n-√m s´m. A-Ω F-s∂-bpw s]-‰p.
]-Xn-hn≥-]S- n A-∏\ - p Im-Wm-\m-bn-´v B-tcm F-s∂    
\-tS-eI - Ø - p sIm-≠p-t]m-bn In-SØ - n.   
A-∏≥ h-∂p. H-∂ß
A-tßm-cv H-∂p sR-ń.
- S-v v t\m-°n.   
Cu sN-°s - ‚ ap-JØ - n-s\m-cp I-≈e - £
- W - w D-    
t≠m? A-∏s - \m-cp kw-ib - w.     
H-∂p-Iq-Sn kq-£n-®ß - S-v v t\m-°n, D-d∏ - n-®p: C-hs- \m-
cp I-≈e - £ - W - w D-≠v ´m. Øn-s∏m-fn-®n-t´m t]m-eo-kn-s‚ ]n-Sn-bn-em-hpw. Hu-tk-^n-s‚-bpw a-dn-bb - p-sS-bpw ]p-{X-\m-bn D-Æn
Cu I-gp-th-dn-sb F-ßs - \-sb-¶n-epw H-∂p c-£- A-t∏mƒ P-Uv-Pn tNm-Zn-°pw: 'Cu-kv ln C-∂- Cu-tim `q-Pm-X\ - m-bX- p-t]m-se sX-t°-Øe - h-do-
s∏-Sp-ØW - t- √m. F-¶n-∏n-s∂m-cp Im-cyw sN-ømw. ]- sk‚ ?v ' Xn-s‚-bpw a¿-Ke - o-Øb - p-sS-bpw ]p-{X-\m-bn Cu-bp-≈-
‰n-sbm-cp t]-cn-Smw. A-∏≥ B-tem-Nn-®p. ]n-s∂ aq-∏- D-Ss
- \ F-Xn¿-`m-Kw h-°o-ep-t]m-epw ]-db - pw: 'km¿, h-\pw P-\n-®p.
cv H-cp hn-fn-bm:'F-Sm tam-t\, C-∂s - k-t‚...' ln Cu-kv C-∂s - k‚ .v ' Rm-\pw Cu-tim-bp-am-bn-´p Nn-e A-√d - N
- n-√d
- am-‰-
C-∂s - k‚ -v \n-c] - c- m-[n, \n-jI -v f - ¶ - ≥, ]m-hØ - m≥... ]n-s∂ A-∏o-en-√t- √m. tI-kv X-≈n-t∏m-Ipw. A-ß- ß-sfm-s°-bp-≠v ´m. H-∂v A-t±-ls - Ø _-Xe -v t- l-
C-h≥ F-s∂-¶n-epw B-sc-sb-¶n-epw sIm-∂n-t´m s\-sb-¶n-epw c-£s - ∏-Ss
- ´-sb-∂p hn-Nm-cn-®n-´m-Wv F- an-se H-cp Im-en-sØm-gp-Øn-em-Wp s]-‰X - .v Rm-t\m?
F-hn-sS-\n-s∂-¶n-epw B-cp-sS-sb-¶n-epw J-P\ - m-hp Ip- s‚ A-∏≥ C-∂s - k-s‚-∂v F-\n-°p t]-cn-´X - .v C-cn-ßm-e° - p-S a-ßm-Sn-°p-∂n-ep-≈ ho-ń¬ `q-Pm-X-
C-∂-sk‚ n-\v \n-d-I-Æp-I-tfm-sS hn-S-sNm-√n tI-c-fw

C-cn-ßm-e° - p-S: sh-≈n-Øn-c- dp-th-jß - ƒ. Xp-S¿-∂pw sN-dp-
bn¬ H-cp-]m-Sp-t]-scNn-cn-∏n-® th-jß - ƒ C-∂s - k‚n-s\ tX-
C-∂s - k‚n-\v (75)H-cm-bn-cw \n- Sn-sb-Øn. C-Sb - ° v- v ssS-t^m-
d-IÆ - p-If - m¬ A-¥ym-RP -v e - n. bn-Uv ]n-Sn-s]-´X - n-t\ Xp-S¿-∂v
C-∂s - k‚n-s‚ kw-kI -v m-c® - S- - I¿-Wm-SI - b - n-se Zm-h¨-sK-tc-
ßp-Iƒ ]q¿-W Hu-Zt- ymKn-I bn-te-°v Xn-cn-®p. A-hn-sS k-
_-lp-aX - n-It- fm-sS C-cn-ßm-e- tlm-Zc - ≥ k-Æn, I-kn≥-km-
°p-S sk-b≥ v d- v tXm-ak - v I-Øo- b tPm¿-P,v tU-hn-kv F-∂n-h¿
{U¬ ]-≈n sk-an-tØ-cn-bn¬ H-cp Xo-s∏-ń-°º - \ - n \-SØ - p-
\-S∂- p. _-‘p-°f - pw \m-´p-Im- ∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. {I-ta-W B
cpw kp-lr-Øp-°f - pw k-l{- ]- I-º\ - n-bn¬ C-∂s - k‚ v k-Po-
h¿-ØI - c - p-aS- ° - w \n-ch - [ - n t]- h-am-bn.
cm-Wv N-Sß - n-\v km-£yw-hl - n- kvI - qƒ ]T-\ Im-ew ap-X¬
°m-s\-Øn-bX - .v sNm-Δm-gN -v cm- C-SX - p-]£ - A-\p-`m-hn-bm-bn-cp-
hn-se G-gp-ap-X¬ H-ºX - p-aW - n- ∂p C-∂s - k‚ .v kn-\n-ab - n¬
h-sc ù-Xn-I-i-co-cw ho-ń¬ F-Øp-∂X - n-\v ap≥-]v C-cn-™m-
s]m-Xp-Z¿-i-\-Øn-\p-sh-®n-cp- e- ° p- S - b n¬ ap- \ n- k n- ∏ ¬
∂p. H-cp a-\p-jym-bp-kv ap-gp-h≥ Iu¨-kn-ed - m-bn. 2014 ta-bn¬
Nn-cn-°m-\p-≈ X-am-iI - ƒ \¬- \-S∂ - tem-Ik - `- m Xn-cs - ™-
In-bm-Wv C-∂® - ≥ bm-{X-bm-Ip- Sp-∏n¬ C-SX - p-]£ - P-\m-[n-]-
∂-X.v A-hk - m-\a - m-bn H-cp t\m- Xy ap-∂W - n-bp-sS ]n-¥p-Wt- bm-
°p Im-Wm≥ F-Øn-bh - c - p-sS sS Nm-e° - p-Sn \n-tbm-PI - a-fi-
I-Æp-Iƒ A-t±-lw k-Ωm-\n- C-∂s
- k‚n-s‚ kw-kI
v- m-c®
- S- ß
- n¬ \n-∂v e-Øn-s‚ {]-Xn-\n-[n-bm-bn Xn-
® Nn-cn Hm¿-ΩI - f
- m¬ \n-d™ - n- c-s™-Sp-°s - ∏-´p. 2019-¬ ho-
cp-∂p. C-cn-ßm-e° - p-S sk‚ v bn-cß - f - m-bn-cp-∂p. A-t©-Im- Sn-bm-Wv C-∂s - k‚ .v a-eb - m-f sX-t°-Øe - h-do-Xn-s‚-bpw ≠pw Xn-cs - ™-Sp-∏n¬ a-’c - n-
I-Øo-{U-en¬ X-s‚ A-∏® - - en-\p-ti-jw B-eo-kpw a-°f - p- N-e-®n-{X A-`n-t\-Xm-°-fp-sS a¿-Ke - o-Øb - p-sS-bpw a-I\ - m-bn s®-¶n-epw ]-cm-Pb - s - ∏-´p.
s‚-bpw A-Ω® - n-bp-sS-bpw A- sam-∂n-®v C-∂s - k‚ v B-lf -v m- kw-LS- \ - b - m-b 'A-Ω'bp-sS {]- 1948 s^-{_p-hc - n 28-\v C-cn-ßm- 2013-¬ sXm-≠b - ° v- v A¿-_p-
Sp-Øm-bn H-cp-°n-bn-´p-≈ I-√- Z-tØm-sS Po-hn-® ']-dp-Zo-k'bn- kn-U‚m-bn Zo¿-LI - m-ew tk- e-°p-Sb - n-em-Wv C-∂s - k‚n-s‚ Z-tcm-Kw _m-[n-®X - n-s\ Xp-S¿-
d-bn-em-Wv C-\n C-∂® - \ - v hn- te-°.v A-hn-sS A-hk - m-\ Im- h-\a- \- p-jT v n-®p. P-\\ - w. 1976 sk-]X v- w-_¿ 26 ∂v C-∂s - k‚ v Nn-In-’ tX-
{i-aw. -- gvN
- b- n¬ ]-ec - pw \n-dI - Æ - p-Iƒ lm-ky-\S- \ - pw kz-`m-h \-S\ - p- \m-Wv C-∂s - k‚ v B-eo-kn-s\ Sn. B Im-eL - ´- w th-Z\ - \n-d-
ho-ń¬ \n-∂pw {]m¿-∞\ - ° - -v a-db- °-v m-\m-hm-sX-bm-Wv \n-∂- am-bn Xn-fß - n-b C-∂k - ‚ v a- hn-hm-lw I-gn-®X - .v X-s‚ kn- ™-Xm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n-epw ]n-
ti-jw I-Øo-{U-en-te-°v t]m- Xv. kw-hn-[m-bI - ≥ {]n-bZ- ¿-i≥ e-bm-fw, X-an-g,v ln-μn, I-∂U - \n-ab - n-se-bpw hy-‡n Po-hn-X- ∂o-Sv h-fs - c \¿-at- _m-[t- Øm-
Ip-∂ h-gn-bn-epw ]-≈n-bn-epw I-Æo-cn-\n-Sb - n-eq-sS-bm-Wv C-∂- `m-jI - f - n-em-bn F-gp-\q-‰≥-]X - n- Øn-se-bpw t\-´ß - f - n-se-√mw sS-bm-Wv C-∂s - k‚ v Hm¿-sØ-
B-bn-cß - f - m-Wv A-t±-ls - Ø sk‚n-s\ I-≠X - .v k-Xy≥ A- te-sd kn-\n-aI - f- n¬ A-`n-\b - n- B-eo-kv sN-ep-Øn-b kzm-[o- Sp-ØX - .v B A-\p-`h - ß - ƒ {]-
A-hk - m-\a - m-bn H-cp t\m-°p- ¥n-°m-Spw hn-Xp-ºn-t∏m-bn. ®n-´p-≠.v \w hm-°p-Iƒ-°v A-Xo-Xa - m- Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂ Im≥-k¿ hm¿-
Im-Wm-\m-bn X-Sn-®p Iq-Sn-bX - .v ap-Jy-a{- ¥n ]n-Wd - m-bn hn-P- A-dp-\q-dn-e[ - n-Iw N-e® - n-{X-ß- sW-∂v C-∂s - k‚ v ]-d™ - n-´p- Un-se Nn-cn F-∂ A-\p-`h - k- m-
h-gn-bn¬ X-Sn-®p Iq-Sn-bn-cp-∂ b≥ C-cn-ßm-e° - p-S Su¨-lm- fn¬ A-`n-\-bn-®n-´p-≈ C-∂- ≠v. tkm-W‰ - v G-Ia - I - \ - m-W.v £yw \n-ch - [ - n t]-cp-sS Po-hn-
]-e-cp-sS-bpw I-Æp-Iƒ \n-d- fn-epw \-S≥ a-Ωq-ń I-Sh - {- ¥ sk‚ v a-eb - m-f kn-\n-ab - n-se c-iav- n tkm-W‰ - m-Wv a-cp-aI - ƒ. X-Øn¬ \n¿-Wm-bI - kzm-[o-
™n-cp-∂p. C-{X-bpw Im-ew C≥-tUm¿ kvt- ‰-Un-bØ - n-epw F-°m-es - Ø-bpw an-I® - lm- C-∂s - k‚ v tkm-W‰ - v, A-∂ \-am-Wp sN-ep-Øn-bX - .v H-t´-sd
s]m-ń-®n-cn-∏n-® A-t±-lw I-Æp- tam-l≥-em¬ C-cn-ßm-e° - p-S- ky-Xm-cß - f - n¬ H-cm-fm-W.v hn- tkm-W‰ - v F-∂n-h¿ t]-c° - p-ń- ]-Xn-∏p-If - p-am-bn Im≥-k¿ hm¿-
\o¿ k-Ωm-\n-®m-Wv \-tΩm-Sp bn-se ho-ń-epw F-Øn C-∂- ti-ja - m-b i-co-c`- m-jb - pw Xr- I-fm-W.v Un-se Nn-cn C-t∏m-gpw tcm-Kn-
bm-{X ]-d-bp-∂-Xv.{]n-b-Xm-c- sk‚n-\v A-¥ym-RP -v e - n A¿- iq¿ ssi-en-bn-ep-≈ kw-`m-j- kw-hn-[m-bI - ≥ tam-l≥ ap- Iƒ-°pw A-√m-Øh - ¿-°pw {]-
sØ A-hk - m-\a - m-bn H-cp-t\m- ∏n-®p. W-hpw C-∂s - k‚n-s‚ k-hn- tJ-\b - m-Wv kn-\n-am-cw-Ks - Ø- tNm-Z\ - a - m-bn hn¬-∏\ - b - n-ep-≠.v
°p-Im-Wm-\pw B-Zc - m-RP v- e - n- Rm-bd- m-gN -v cm-{Xn ]-Øc - t- bm- ti-jX - I - f - m-bn-cp-∂p. k-Xy≥ Øn-bX - v. 1972-¬ ]p-dØ - n-dß - n- a-g°- Æ - m-Sn (I-YI - ƒ), Rm≥
b¿-∏n-°m-\pw Xn-¶f - m-gN -v I-S- sS-bm-bn-cp-∂p te-It-v jm¿ B- A-¥n-°m-S,v ^m-kn¬, {]n-bZ- ¿- b \r-Øi - m-eb - m-bn-cp-∂p B- C-∂s - k‚ v, Nn-cn-°v ]n-∂n¬
h-{¥ C≥-tUm¿ kv-t‰-Un-b- ip-]{- Xn-bn¬ Nn-In-’b - n-em-bn- i≥, kn-±n-Je -v m¬ kn-\n-aI - f - n- Zy-Nn-{Xw. ]n-∂o-Sv D¿-hi - n `m-c- (B-flI - Y - ), Im-es - ‚ U¬-ln-
Øn-epw C-cn-ßm-e° - p-S Su¨- cp-∂ C-∂s - k‚n-s‚ A-¥yw. se C-∂s - k‚n-s‚ I-Ym-]m-{X- Xn, ^p-St-v _mƒ Nm-ºy≥, s\- bm-{X A-¥n-°m-Sv h-gn F-∂o
lm-fn-epw h-∂p-tN¿-∂X - v B- ap≥ ]m¿-es - a‚ v Aw-Kw Iq- ßƒ G-sd P-\{- ]n-ba - m-W.v √v Xp-Sß - n-b Nn-{X-ßf - n-se sN- ]p-kX -v I - ß - f - pw c-Nn-®p.
46 NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023
NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023  47
\m-bn. Iq-´Ø - n¬ ]-db - m-tem, R-ßƒ-°∂ - p sXm-gp- sh-b° -v pw. Du-sWm-s° C-≠m-°pw. F-∂√ - m-≠v {]- C-∂m a-ßm-Sn-°p-∂v B-sI-bß - S-v v am-dn. Ip-∂n≥-
Øn-√. Cu a-ßm-Sn-°p-∂n-\p a-s‰m-cp t]-cp-Iq-Sn-bp- tXy-In-®ß - s - \ h-ey tam-slm-∂q-eym.' s\-dp-Ib - n¬ s{sI-Ãv tIm-tf-P.v A-hn-Sa - m-sI H-cp ]-
≠v, t´m - Iq-Øp-]d - º- .v B Iq-sØm-s° ]n-s∂ ]-d- ]n-s∂ kp-J{- ]-kh - w \-SØ - W - G-I s]-ºd - t- ∂m- ´-WØ - n-s‚ ]-cn-th-jw. ]-gb - h-kq-cn-∏p-cb - p-sS Hm¿-
bmw. ]n-s∂ tb-ip-hn-s‚ A-∏≥ B-im-cn-bm-bn-cp- Øn A-Ωb - m-sW-∂m A-∏s - ‚ ÿm-bn-bm-b H-cp-d∏ - .v a-bp-≈ a-ßm-Sn-°p-∂n-s\-bpw Iq-Øp-]d - º- n-s\-bpw H-
s∂-¶n¬ F-s‚ A-∏≥ ]-eN - c - ° - p-IS- ° - m-c\ - m-bn-cp- \n-Xy-sØm-gn-e`- ym-kw F-∂ em-Lh - t- Øm-sS A- s° Hm¿-Øp \m-´p-Im¿ sh-dp-tX \m-Wn-°t- Wm?
∂p. R-ßf - p X-Ωn-ep-≈ km-ayw ]-d™ - m¬ aq-∏¿- Ω A-Xp \n¿-hl - n-®p-t]m-∂p. R-ßƒ R-ßs - S \m-Sn-s‚ t]-cß - S-v v ]-cn-jI -v c - n-®p-
°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂ F-√m k-ZK -v p-Wß - f - pw F-\n-°pw D- H-cp tUm-Œd - p-sS A-Sp-tØ-°pw t]m-≠. H-cm-ip-]- s{sI-Ãv tIm-tf-Pv tdm-U.v \-√ kvs - s‰-e≥ t]-c,v A-
≠v. {Xo-te-°pw t]m-≠. A-ßs - \ bm-sXm-cp {]-it-v \m- t√? F-s‚ C-∏g- s - Ø ho-Sv ]-gb - ho-Sn-\S- Ø - p-\n-∂v
Ip-cym-t°m-k,v sk-eo-\, ]u-fn, kvs - ‰≥-kn-em-thm- eym. G-Xm-≠v A-ºX - p hm-c A-Ie - Ø
- n-em-W.v
kv, sh¬-k,v en≥-U, eo-\. k¿-°m-dn-s‚ h-Ib - m-bn H-cp Zn-hk - w ]-≈n-bn¬ t]m-bn h-∂p Im-∏n Ip-Sn-®- ho-Sn-t\-Xm-≠v H-cp I-t∏-tf-sS cq-]m. A-ºe - Ø- n-
D-≠m-°n-hn-Sp-∂ A-øm-sd-´,v {Xn-th-Wn, P-b, A-∂- t∏m kvs - ‰≥-kn-em-thm-kn-s\ {]-kh - n-®p. s‚-bpw sN-dn-b ]-≈n-bp-sS-bpw H-s° H-cp km-Zr-
]q¿-W Xp-Sß - n-bp-≈ s\¬-hn-Øp-If - p-sS t]-cv Hm¿- a-s‰m-cp Zn-hk - w aT-Øn-se I-\ym-k{-v Xo A-Ωm-bn- iyw. Cu ho-Sn-s‚ a-´pw am-Xn-cow I-≠n-´p Nn-es - c-
a h-∂p-Im-Wp-at- √? A-√m t´m. C-hs - cm-s° F-s‚ sb Im-Wm≥ t]m-bn h-∂t- ∏mƒ A-Ωb - °-v v H-∂p t∂m-Sp tNm-Zn-°pw, F-¥n-\m \o C-ßs - \m-cp ho-Sp
k-tlm-Zc - ß- f - m. {]-kh - n-°W - w-∂v tXm-∂n. F-s∂-bß - S-v v s]-‰p. sh-®s - X-∂.v C-Xp tI-´m F-\n-°p k-Xy-Øn-ev tZ-
F-\n-°p tXm-∂W - X - v k¿-°m-dv Cu Ip-Spw-_m-kq- {]-kh - n-®m A-[n-IZ- n-hs - km-∂pw A-Ω In-S° - n-√. jym-hpw.
{X-W] - ≤ - X - n-sbm-s° kw-LS- n-∏n-°m≥ am-Xr-Im-]p- Cu Xm-dm-hpw tIm-gn-bp-sam-s° sam-´b - n-´p t]m-W- C-ßs - \ tNm-Zn-°m-\n-∏w C-h¿-s°-¥m H-cp Im-
cp-j\ - m-bn I-≠X - v F-s‚ A-∏s - \ B-hpw F-∂m. F- t]m-se A-Ω F-Wo-‰ß - S-v v t]m-Ipw. cyw. F-ßs - \ ho-Sp sh-°W - s- a-∂p Xo-cp-am-\n-°p-∂-
´p a-°f - n¬ \m-ep s]-Æ,v \m-ev B-W.v C-°m-cy-Øn¬ A-∏\ - v A-Ωt- bm-Sp-≈ _-lp-am-\w Xv A-Xp sh-∏n-°p-∂b - m-ft- √? ho-Sp a-dn-®p-sh-s®-∂n-
C-Xn¬ A-©m-a\ - m Rm≥. C-ßs - \ ^n-^‰ -v n ^n-^-v C-Øn-cn ap≥-]p ]-d™ - B h¿-Øm-\Ø - n-ed - n-bmw, cn-°pw, Xn-cn-®p-sh-s®-∂n-cn-°pw. C-sXm-∂pw A-t\z-
‰n-bm-°n-sb-Sp-Ø hn-Zy F-t∂m-Sp tNm-Zn-t°-≠, F- A-t√? jn-t°-≠ _m-[y-X Im-gN -v °
- m¿-°p-≈X - √ - . C-h¿-°m¿-
\n-°d - n-bn-√. A-X∏ - t- \m-Sp tNm-Zn-°W - w. a-t\m-lc - a - m-sbm-cp Ip-∂n≥-]p-dØ - ,v a-t\m-lc - a
- m-sbm- °pw H-cp \-t„mw C-√t- √m. ]-Ww ap-S° - n-bX - p Rm-
Ip-sd {]m-ba - m-bt- ∏m Rm≥ A-Ωt- bm-Sp kz-Im-cym- cp ho-S!v A-ßs - \ k-¶e - ]-v Ø - n-se ho-sSm-∂p-am-bn-cp- \-t√. F-∂m-epw C-ßs - \ tNm-Zn-°p-∂h - t- cm-Sp Rm≥
bn-´v tNm-Zn-®p: ∂n-√ R-ßf - p-tS-X.v ]-db
- pw:
'A-√ A-tΩ, F-s‚ P-\\ - k - a - b - Ø - p h-√ {]-tXy-I- i-cn-°pw H-cp X-√n-s∏m-fn `-h\ - w. ]n-s∂ A-∂s - Ø 'A-Xn-t∏m, H-cp I-t∏-tf-sS-tbm, A-ºe - Ø - n-s‚-tbm
X-bpw D-≠m-bn-cp-t∂m?' \n-hr-Øn-tI-Sp-sIm-≠v Rm-\X - n¬ Xm-ak - n-®q-t∂-bp- am-Xn-cn tXm-∂o-´,v B¿-s°-¶n-epw ]-Øp ss]-k C-
A-Ω h-fs - c Iq-fm-bn ]-d™ - p: 'tl-b,v A-ßs - \m- ≈q-´m. Rm≥ A-∂p sN-dp-Xt- √. Sm≥ tXm-∂ym-ev Im-in-√m-Ø Im-eØ - v A-tXm-≠v
∂q-√y.' Ip-Spw-_Ø - o-∂p-≈ `m-Kw-]n-cn-be - pw a-dn-be - pw Xn-cn- Po-hn-°m-tem?'
h-√ a-lm-t\m Zn-hym-flm-thm B-Im-\p-≈ F-s¥- b-epw I-gn-™t- ∏mƒ A-∏≥ B-sI s]m-fn-™n-cp- Cu k-¶S- w H-cn-°¬ Rm≥ s\-Sp-ap-Sn th-Wp-hp-am-
¶n-epw ]-gp-Xp-t≠m F-∂d - n-bm-\m tNm-Zn-®s - X-∂p ]n- ∂p. ]n-s∂ R-ßf - v Ip-sd-sb-ÆØ - n-s\ Xo-‰n-t∏m-‰p- bn ]-¶p-sh-®p. 'C-Xn-∏w h-√y i-√ym-bt- √m th-Wq.
Sn-In-ń-bt- √m. I-bpw th-t≠? C-¥m C-Xn-\n-∏w H-cp t]-cn-Sp-Im?'
a-dp-]S- n tI-´t- ∏m ¢n-bd - m-bn, B ]q-Xn \-S∏ - n-s√-∂.v a-ßm-Sn-°p-∂n-s‚ s\-dp-Ib - n¬ ]-s≠m-cp h-kq-cn- th-Wp ]-d™ - p: 'H-cp Im-cyw sN-ø,v ']m¿-∏n-Sw' F-
Bƒ-°m-cp-sS {i-≤ ]n-Sn-®p-]‰ - m-\p-≈ s]m-Sn-ss° ∏p-c D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. h-kq-cn h-∂p a-cn-°m-dm-bh - s- c ∂n-S.v A-Xm-bX - v Xm-ak - n-°W - ÿ-ew. A-t∏mƒ ]n-
]-b‰ - m-\m-bn ]n-s∂ F-s‚ t\m-´w. F-ßs - \-sb-¶n- C-hn-sS-bm sIm-≠p-hc - n-I. C-ßs - \-sb-Øp-∂h - c - p-sS s∂ B¿-°pw kw-ib - w ≠m-hn-√t- √m.'
epw F-\n-°pw H-cm-fm-hW - w. kw-c£- W - Ø - n-\m-bn Ip-sd B-tfm-fv D-≠m-hpw. A- A-ßs - \-bm ho-Sn-s‚ t]-cv ']m¿-∏n-Sw' F-∂m-bX - .v
Cu tXm-∂¬ F-∂n¬ th-cp-db - ° -v m≥ a-‰p-Nn-e Im- h-cv F-∏g- pw ]q-km. h-kq-cn ]n-Sn-s]-´v C-hn-sS B-sc A-∂v R-ßf - p-sS sX-t°-Øe - ho-ń¬ H-cp s_-
c-Wß - f - p-≠s - ´m. A-sXm-s° ]n-s∂. F-Øn-®m-epw, A-h¿ a-cn-®m-epw C-s√-¶n-epw, H-cp {]- ©p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. \-√ \o-fm ]-eI - b- °-v .v \m-e© - v C-
F-s‚ A-Ωs - b-∏‰ - n A-∏≥ ]-db - pw: 'A-Xn-ßs - \ `q- tXy-I k-ab - w I-gn-™m¬ sIm-≠p-t]m-bn Ip-gn-®n- ©v I-\w. Cu s_-©v F-s‚ Po-hn-XØ - n-se H-cp h-
ao-sem-cp Po-hn. H-cp i-t√ym-√ym. \-∂m-bn Iq-´m≥ Spw. Po-h\ - p-≠m-bm-epw C-s√-¶n-epw t¢m-k.v en-b I-Ym-]m-{X-am-W.v ▲
\n-d-bpw \n-d-Nn-cn,
C-\n Cu I-√-d-bn-epw C-cn-ßm-e° - p-S: sk-b‚ v v tXm-ak - v I-
Øo-{U¬ tZ-hm-eb - Ø- n-se I-√d- b - n¬
C-\n C-∂s - k‚ v X-\n-®√ - .s h-≈n-
Øn-cb - n¬ A-t±-lw A-\i - z-ca - m-°n-
b I-Ym-]m-{X-ßf - pw Iq-´m-bp-≠m-Ipw.
tZ-hm-kp-cØ - n-se hm-cy¿, a-\ - n-\-
°-cb - n-se Nm-t°m-am-∏n-f, k-tμ-iØ - n-
se b-iz-¥v k-lm-bn a - e- b - m-fn-If - p-sS
lr-Zb - Ø - n-en-Sw t\-Sn-b I-Ym-]m-{X-ß-
fp-sS ap-Jß - f - m-Wv I-√d - b
- p-sS ap-If - n-
se {Km-ss\-‰n¬ B-te-J\ - w sN-b-v
X-Xv.
C-∂s - k‚n≥-sd t]-c° - p-ń-If - m-b A-
∂-bp-sS-bpw C-∂s - k‚n-s‚-bpw B-
i-ba- m-bn-cp-∂p C-X.v C-∂s - k‚n-\v B-
Z-cm-RP v- e- n-b¿-∏n-°m≥ H-t´-sd-t∏-cm-
Wv C-t∏m-gpw C-hn-sS F-Øn-t®-cp-∂-
Xv.
^n-enw do-en-s‚ am-Xr-Ib - n-em-Wv C-
∂-sk‚n-s‚ Nn-{X-hpw a-‰p hn-hc - ß- -
fpw I-√d- b
- n¬ tc-Js - ∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂X - .v Np-‰p-am-bn A-t±-lw A-\i - z-ca - m-
°n-b ap-∏t- Xm-fw I-Ym-]m-{X-ßf - p-sS ap-Jw ]-Xn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
Im-_q-fn-hm-e, I-eym-Wc - m-a≥, am-∂m¿ a-Øm-bn kv] - o-°n-M,v hn-b‰ - \ -v mw tIm-
f-\n, tKm-U^ -v m-Z¿, an-Yp-\w, H-cp C-¥y≥ {]-Wb - I - Y - , a-Wn-®n-{X-Øm-gv Xp-S-
ßn-b Nn-{X-ßf - n-se I-Ym-]m-{X-ßƒ C-Xn-ep-≠.v F.sI.]n. P-Mj -v \ - v k-ao-
]w {]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂ S-®v F≥-t{K-hv D-Sa - cm-[m-Ir-jW -v \ - m-Wv Cu B-ib - w
{]m-h¿-Øn-Ia - m-°n-bX - v.
G-gmw Hm¿-aZ- n-\a - m-b i-\n-bm-gN -v cm-hn-se I-Øo-{U¬ tZ-hm-eb - Ø - n-epw {]-
tXy-I {]m¿-Y\ - I- ƒ-°p-ti-jw In-gt- °-]≈ - n-tbm-Sv tN¿-∂p-≈ sk-an-tØ-cn-
bn-se I-√d - b - n-epw Ip-Spw-_mw-Kß - f - p-sS km-∂n-[y-Øn¬ {]m¿-Y\ - I - ƒ \-S- C-∂s- k‚n-s‚ I-√d - b
- n¬ A-t±-lw A-\i
- z-ca
- m-°n-b I-Ym-]m-{X-ßf
- p-sS ap-Jß
- ƒ B-
∂p. am¿-®v C-cp-]Ø - m-dn-\m-Wv C-∂s - k‚ v hn-S] - d- ™- X
- .v te-J\- w sN-bX
-v t- ∏mƒ
48 NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023
NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023  49
sNń-Ip-f-ßc thWp-Ip-am¿
A-h-km-\ A-≤ym-bw chekuver1@gmail.com +91 703 424 2816
\n-\-bv-°m-Ø t\-c-sØ
A-_m
h-ÿm-hy-Xn-bm-\w
-_p Z¬-ln-bn¬ sN-∂ A-
tX h¿-j-am-Wv ap-Xp-°-c aq-tØ-S-Øv
cm-a-N-{μ-\pw Z¬-ln-bn¬ F-Øn-b-Xv.
_m-¶nw-Kv ta-J-e-bn-em-Wv A-t±-l-a-
hn-sS I-S-∂p-Iq-Sn-b-Xv. kv-Iqƒ Hm-^v
C-°t- Wm-an-Ik v- n¬-\n-∂v _n-cp-Zm-\¥ - -
c-_n-cp-Zw k-ºm-Zn-® cm-a-N-{μ-s\ kv-
t‰-‰v _m-¶v Hm-^v C≥-Uy s{]m-t_-
j-W-dn Hm-ô-k-dm-bn F-Sp-Øp. ]n-
s∂ kv-t‰-‰v _m-¶v Hm-^v {Sm-h≥-Iq-
dn¬ {]-th-in-®p Xn-f-ßn-b ti-j-am-
Wv cm-a-N-{μ≥ Ip-ssh-Øn-te-°v ]-d-
∂-Xv. A-hn-sS-Øp-Sß - n, Fw.Fw. cm-
a-N-{μ-s‚ A-¤p-X-I-c-am-b hn-P-bw.
A-Xp-t]m-se,A-·n-]c - o-£W - ß - f - pw...
Ip-ssh-Øn-se kq-Jv A¬ hm-Xy-
bn¬ A-‰v-e-kv Pzp-√-dn Xp-S-ßn hn-P-
bw sIm-bv-Xp-h-c-th, Ip-ssh-Øv bp- sd-°p-sd F-√m-cm-epw I-søm-gn-b-s∏-
≤-Im-e-Øv A-t±-lw sIm-≈-b-Sn-°- Sp-I... Iq-sS Iq-Sn-bn-cp-∂-h-cm-epw, Hu-
s∏-´p. A-Xp I-gn-™m-Wv A-‰e v- k- v Pzp- Zm-cyw ]-‰n-bn-cp-∂-h-cm-epwh-sc I-_- bpw {I-ta-W A-k-ly-am-bn. ap-J-`m-
√-dn bp-ssW-‰-Uv A-d-_v F-an-td-‰n- fn-∏n-°-s∏-´v H-t´sd am-\-kn-I-]o-U h-Øn¬ A-Xv {]-I-S-hp-am-bn.
te-°v ]-d-®p-\-S-s∏-´-Xv. G-‰p-hm-ßn-bn-´v, F-ß-s\-sb-√m-tam ""F-¥p ]-‰n _m-_p am-am?'' {]-
cm-a-N-{μ-s‚ A-Xy-≤zm-\-Øm-epw, P-bn¬-tam-Nn-X\ - m-bn ho-≠pw I-cp-Øp- tam-Zv tNm-Zn-®-s∏m-gm-Wv ]-d-™-Xv: bp-Fk- n¬ \n-∂v kp-_m-jv_ - m-_p
A-\n-X-c am¿-°-‰nw-Kv X-{¥-Øm-epw, kz-cp-°q-ń I-f-Øn-en-d-ßm≥ {i-a-s∏- ""F-t¥m F-\n-s°m-cp h-øm-bv-I.'' h-∂-X-dn-™v _m-_p H-s´m-s° D-jm-
A-Xn-hn-im-e X-e-Øn¬ A-‰v-e-kv Pz- S-th hn-[n hn-fn-®p-sIm-≠p t]m-hp- A-∏p-d-sØ ^v-fm-‰n-e-t∏mƒ P-b- dm-bpw Im-W-s∏-´p. ""tam-s\, P-b-{io-
√-dn ]-S¿-∂p-]-¥-en-®p. A-ß-s\ A- I... {io F-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. {]-tam-Zv Hm-Sn-s®- tam-sf \o Iq-S∏- n-d∏
- m-bn Im-WW - w.A-
‰v-e-kv Pz-√-dn "P-\-tIm-Sn-I-fp-sS hn-iz- F-s¥m-s° sh-ń-∏n-Sn-®m-epw, H- ∂v P-b-{io-tbm-Sv hn-h-cw ]-d-™p. P- ß-s\-X-s∂ I-cp-Xp-I-bpw th-Ww.''
kv-X ÿm-]-\'am-bn. Fw.Fw. cm-a-N- Sp-hn¬ H-s°-bpw ssI-hn-Sp-∂ a-\p- b-{io h-∂-t∏mƒ s\-©p-th-Z-\-bm¬ G-Xm-\pw Zn-h-k-am-bn an-gn-\o¿ \n-
{μ≥, A-‰v-e-kv cm-a-N-{μ-\m-bpw t]- jy-s‚ A-h-ÿm-hy-Xn-bm-\w. ]p-f-bp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p _m-_-—≥. b-{¥n-°m-\m-hm-sX B-ip-]-{Xn-h-f-
sc-Sp-Øp. "_n-kv-°-‰v _m-c¨' F-∂v hn-Jym-X- ""A-Jn¬...!'' P-b-{io `¿-Øm-hn-s\ ∏n¬ \n-e-bp-d-∏n-®n-cp-∂ tUm. k-c-
A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂ I-hn-bpw, t]m-b-X- \m-b _n-kn-\-kv-am≥ {_n-´m-Wn-b cm- t^m-Wn¬ hn-fn-®p. ""sh-b¿ B¿ bp kz-Xn-sb D-t±-in-®v, a-I≥ kp-_m-jv-
e-ap-d-bn-se A-£-c-t«m-I hn-Z-Kv-Z-\p- P≥]n-≈-bp-sS, A-™q-dn-te-sd im- \u? _m-_-—≥ Cu-kv t\m-´v sh¬. _m-_p-hn-t\m-Spw P-b-{io-tam-tfm-Sp-am-
am-b hn.I-em-I-c-ta-t\m-s‚ a-I-\m-b J-I-tfm-sS h-f¿-∂p-hym-]n-® ap-Øq-‰v sF tUm-≠v t\m hm-´v ‰p Up.'' bn _m-_p ]-d-™p: ""k-c-kz-Xn ]m-
Fw.Fw. cm-a-N-{μ≥ ]-t£, A-Xn¬ ^n-\m≥-kv F-∂ km-{am-Py-Øn-s‚ X- ""A-bw Hm¨ Z th... tKm-´v Hu-´v h-am-Wv... A-h-sf \n-ßƒ A-\y-bm-
H-Xp-ßn-bn-√. Xn-I-s™m-cp I-em-Im- e-h≥ Fw.Pn. tPm¿-÷v ap-Øq-‰n-s‚, Hm-^v Z sa-t{Sm.'' A-Jn¬ A-dn-bn-®p. bn hn-Nm-cn-°-cp-Xv. k-c-kz-Xn-bn¬ A-
c-\pw km-aq-ly tk-h-\-Øn¬ A-km- A-ß-s\ A-t\-Iw A-km-am-\yhy- ""se-‰v an Iw... hn-Xn≥ ss^-hv an-\n-‰v- h-ti-jn-®n-cp-∂ B-{K-lw Rm≥ Xn-
[m-c-W Xz-c-bp-≈ a-\p-jy-kv-t\-ln- ‡n-I-fp-sS A-¥yw _m-_p-hn-s‚ kv sF hn¬ _n sZ-b¿.'' cn-®-dn-bm-™n-´-√, Xn-cn-®-dn-bm-™-am-
bp-am-bp-am-bn-cp-∂ cm-a-N-{μ-s‚ a-\- Hm¿-Ω-bn¬ Hm-Sn-sb-Øn. C-Xm, A-‰v- A-Jn-epw P-b-{io-bpw {]-tam-Zpw Xn-cn a-\x-]q¿-Δw \-Sn-®-Xm-sW-∂v A-
n¬ A-Ø-cw hn-Nm-c-hn-Im-c-ß-fpw e-kv cm-a-N-{μ-s‚-bpw. tN¿-∂v _m-_p-hn-s\ am-Iv-kv tl-m- h-tfm-Sp ]-d-b-Ww. A-X-hƒ-°v A-[n-
D-W¿-s∂-Wo-‰p. A-Xn-s‚ ^-e-am-bn A-¥yw P-∑\ - m-Sm-b Xr-»q-cn¬ th- kv-]n-‰-en¬ F-Øn-®p. tl-m-kv-]n-‰- Iw hy-Y-tb k-Ωm-\n-°p-sh-∂v A-dn-
A-t±-lw kn-\n-a ta-J-e-bn-epw a-‰pw W-sa-∂ A-`n-em-jw km-[y-am-Im-sX- en¬ F-Øpw ap-tº _m-_p t_m-[- bm-hp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠v.''
hym-]-cn-®p. N-{μ-Im-¥ ^n-enw-kv F- bm-Wv A-‰v-e-kv cm-a-N-{μ-\p Po-hn-X- c-ln-X\ - m-bn-cp-∂p. sF-kn-bp-hn-em-Wv a-°ƒ C-cp-h-sc-bpw tN¿-Ø-W-®v
∂ _m-\-dn¬ B-cw-`n-® \n¿-Ωm-W/ Øn-s‚ A-c-sßm-gn-tb-≠n-h-∂-Xv. A-Uv-an-‰v sN-bv-X-Xv. A-ev-]w tImw-πn- A-¥ym-`n-em-jh - pw _m-_p A-dn--bn-®p:
hn-X-c-W I-º-\n-bn-eq-sS ssh-im-en C-Δn-[w Hm-tcm-∂v Hm¿-Øn-cp-∂ t°-‰-Uv B-sW-∂v tUm-Iv-tS-gv-kv A- ""Rm≥ C-\n A-[n-I-t\-c-an-√. s]m-
]p-d-Øn-d-ßn-b-Xn-s\-Øp-S¿-∂v A-‰v-e- _m-_p-hn¬ A-kz-ÿX - A-\p-`h- s- ∏- dn-bn-°p-I-bpw sN-øp-I-bp-≠m-bn. Xp-iv-a-im-\-Øn¬ F-cn-™-S-ßn-b
kv cm-a-N-{μ≥, ssh-im-en cm-a-N-{μ- ´p. G-sd-°-gn-™n-´pw A-Xv hn-s´m-gn- A-Sp-Ø Zn-h-kw D-®-tbm-sS-bm-Wv ti-jw ù-Xn-Im-h-in-jv-S-Øn¬ H-cw-
\m-bpw A-dn-b-s∏-´p. ™n-√. am-{X-a-√, t\-cn-b s\-©p-th- A-t_m-[m-h-ÿ H-gn-hm-b-Xv. B-dmw iw C-hn-sS b-ap-\-bn-epw, a-s‰m-cw-iw
A-°m-e-ß-fn-epw Z¬-ln-bn¬ h- Z-\b- p-ap-≠m-bn. F-∂n-´p-aX- v B-sc-bpw \mƒ ]n-∂n-´-s∏m-tg-°pw ÿn-Xn G- F-s‚ I-em-cR - vP- n-\n-bp-sS i-hw s]m-
cm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂ cm-a-N-{μ≥ Z¬-ln-bn- A-dn-bn-°m-sX _m-_p k-ln-®v C-cp- sd-°p-sd sa-®-s∏-´-Xm-bpw Im-gv-N- ¥n-b \m-ń-se ao-\-®n-em-dn-epw \n-a-
se a-e-bm-fn kw-L-S-\-I-fp-am-bn k- ∂p. A-kzm-ÿy-hpw, s\-©p-th-Z-\- °m¿-°p tXm-∂n. ÷-\w sN-ø-Ww.'' (A-h-km-\n-®p)
l-I-cn-°p-I-bpw, A-h-sb ssI-b-b-
®v k-lm-bn-°p-I-bpw sN-bv-Xn-cp-∂p.
A-s∂m-s° _m-_p B ]-g-b Z¬-
ln a-e-bm-fn-sb k-μ¿-in-°m-dp-≠m-
"t\¿ImgvN'bn¬ hmb\°msc BI¿jn® {]kn≤ ]w‡n Ct∏mƒ ]pkvXIcq]Øn¬
bn-cp-∂p.
h-ºs - \-∂ ho-sºm-∂pw cm-aN - {- μ≥ {]apJ FgpØpImc\pw
Im-ń-bn-cp-∂n-√. sh-dp-sam-cp km-[m- ]{X{]h¿ØI\pamb
c-W-°m-c-s‚ a-´pw ]-Sp-Xn-bp-am-bn-cp-
∂p. Xn-I™ - F-fn-ab - pw em-fn-Xy-hp-am-
bn-cp-∂p cm-a-N-{μ-s‚ ap-J-sØ ÿm-
bn-`m-hw. N-{μ-Im-¥v ^n-enw-kn-s‚ kn-
sNńIpfßc
thWpIpamdns‚
]pXnb ]pkvXIw 

\n-a-I-fp-sS {]n-hyp Im-Wm≥ cm-a-N-
{μ≥ kp-lr-Øn-s\-sb-∂-h-Æw _m-
_p-hn-s\-bpw Iq-´p-am-bn-cp-∂p. ssh- 
im-en-bp-sS-bpw, kp-Ir-X-Øn-s‚-bp-
sam-s° {]n-hyp A-ß-s\ I-≠-Xpw
_m-_p-hn-s‚ kv-a-c-W-bn-ep-≠v.
H-Iv-tSm-_¿ c-≠n-\v Zp-_m-bn-bn-se

"Cu ]pkvXIØnse F√m
Hm¿ΩIƒ/hne 170 cq]
kz-Im-cy B-ip-]{- Xn-bn-em-bn-cp-∂p cm- Ipdn∏pIfpw [z\nkm{μhpw,
a-N-{μ-s‚ A-¥yw. A-¥-cn-® cm-a-N-
{μ-s‚ P-Vw ssh-In-´v \m-ev a-Wn-tbm- aqeykm{μhpw, ùXnI
sS P-_¬ A-en-bn-se iva - i- m-\Ø
kw-kv-I-cn-®-Xv an-\n kv-{Io-\n¬ t\m-
°n-bn-cp-∂ _m-_p, A-dn-bm-sX s\-
- n¬ hyhlmcßƒ°pta¬
BflobX ssIhcn°p∂
alXzt_m[hpw
Dä ]ªnt°j≥kv
Sp-ho¿-∏n-´p. F-{X-tbm Hu-∂Xy-Øn¬ Dƒs°m≈p∂hbmWv...' \qd\mSv, Be-∏pg 690 504
hn-ek- n-b A-‰ve - k
- v cm-aN - {- μ≥, A-kq- ˛AhXmcnI
bm-ep-°-fp-sS H-‰p-aq-ew Hm¿-°m-∏p-d- phone: +91 9496 881 449, 9349 490 317
Øp Xp-dp-¶n¬ A-S-bv-°-s∏-Sp-I... G-
tUm. \Sph´w kXyioe≥ unmamohan@gmail.com
50 NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023
NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023  51
A-SpØ e°Øn¬ t\¿ImgvNbn¬ hm-bn-®p XpSßmw
""Kpcp\mYm sIm∂p...AßbpsS am‰ms\ Rm≥ sIm∂p...'' IenbSßnb \n»–Xbn¬ B i–w
IfcnbmsI apgßn. NpSpc‡w ]pgt]mse HgpIp∂ Ifcn. AXn¬ ]qgv∂p InS°p∂ c≠v I_‘ßƒ.
HSpßmØ IpSn∏IbpsSbpw, i{XpXbpsSbpw Zb\obamb A¥yßƒ...
Ihn, IYmIrØv, t\mhenÃv, Km\cNbnXmhv, PohNcn{XImc≥ XpSßn
kmlnXyØns‚ kakvX taJeIfnepw ssIsøm∏v Nm¿Ønb
{]apJ kmlnXyImc≥ tUm. tNcmh≈n iin FgpXnb
tUm. tN-cm-h-≈n i-in

+91 999 515 5587
F∂ t\mh¬ t\¿ImgvN ]{XØn¬ DS≥ {]kn≤oIcWamcw`n°p∂p.

Zp¿a{¥hmZnIfpsS {]mNo\ i{Xpkwlmc am¿§amb HSnhnZy, tIcfØns‚ X\Xv Btbm[\ Ie Ifcn∏b‰v, i]n°s∏´ P≥an˛IpSnbm≥
hyhÿnXn, cmPhmgvN XpSßn hyXykvX hnjbßfntebv°v shfn®w hoip∂ kw{àP\Ihpw kw`h_lpehpamb t\mh¬...
H∏w PohnX K‘nbmb aplq¿Øßfpw kkvs]≥kv \nd™ SznÃpIfpw...
]ncnapdp°w krjvSn°p∂ sNß∂q¿ Ip™mXnbpsS ]Shmƒ ]pXnb hmb\m\p`hw \¬Ip∂p...
H-∂p-an-√. ]-Xn-hv co-Xn-If

- n¬ \n-∂p hy-
 Xy-kX -v a
- m-b Nn-{X-am-Wn-X.v tam-l≥-em-
epw Fw.Pn.{io-Ip-am-dpw C-√. X-am-ib - pw

]m-´pw C-√. ]p-Xn-b kn-\n-ab - p-sS \n¿-
am-Xm-hpw Rm≥ X-s∂-bm-W.v ]-Sw hn-
P-bn-®m-epw s]m-fn-™m-epw B-sc-bpw
t_m-[y-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠ Im-cy-an-√t- √m.
Nn-e kw-hn-[m-bI - ¿ F-Sp-°p-∂ kn-
bp-h-Xm-c-ß-fm-b sj-bv≥ \n-Kw,
ssj≥ tSmw Nm-t°m F-∂n-hs - c tI-
{μ I-Ym-]m-{X-ß-fm-°n {]n-b-Z¿-i≥
kw-hn-[m-\w sN-øp-∂ {Xn-√¿ Nn-{Xw
sIm-tdm-W t]-t∏-gk v- v G-{]n¬ B-dn-
\v Xn-b‰ - d - p-If - n-se-Øpw. {io-Kt- W-jn-
t‚-Xm-Wv I-Y. Nn-{X-Øn-\v Xn-c° - Y - -
sbm-cp-°n-bn-°p-∂X - pw t^m¿ s{^-bnw-
kv _m-\d - n¬ \n¿-an-®n-cn-°p-∂X - pw {]n-
b-Z¿-i≥ X-s∂-bm-W.v
F≥.Fw. _m-Zp-jb - m-Wv Nn-{X-Øn-s‚
F-Iv-kn-Iyq-ó-hv s{]m-Uyq-k¿. ∂m
Xm≥ tI-kv sIm-Sv F-∂ Nn-{X-Øn-\v
ti-jw Km-b{- Xn i-¶¿ \m-bn-Ib - m-bn
F-Øp-∂p-sh-∂ {]-tXy-IX - b
- pw Nn-{X-
Øn-\p-≠.v k-‘y sj-ń, ]n.]n. Ip-™n-
Ir-jW -v ≥, a-Wn-b≥ ]n-≈ cm-Pp, {io
[-\y, l-∂ sd-Pn tIm-in, hn-Pn-te-j,v
ta-\I - kp-tc-jv Ip-am¿, _n-Pp ]m-∏≥,
{io-Im-¥v ap-cf - n F-∂n-hc - m-Wv Nn-{X-Øn-
se a-‰v {]-[m-\ I-Ym-]m-{X-ßs - f A-h-
X-cn-∏n-°p-∂X - v. Zn-hm-I¿ F-kv. a-Wn
Om-bm-{Km-lW - w \n¿-hl - n-°p-∂ Nn-{X-
Øn-s‚ F-Un-‰n-Mv Fw.F-k.v A-ø∏ - ≥
\m-b¿ B-W.v kw-Ko-Xw sI.]n. A-dn-tb-≠ Im-cy-an-√. A-h¿ \-Ωp-sS Xn-b X-ea - p-db - p-sS kz-`m-hw \-∂m-°m- \n-aI- f - n¬ A-hc - p-sS I-søm-∏v D-≠m-
42 h¿-js - Ø N-e® - n-{X Po-hn-XØ - n- Ip-Spw-_mw-Kß - ƒ H-∂p-a√ - t- √m. A-Xp t\m A-hs - c Kp-Wt- Zm-jn-°m-t\m H- Ipw.F-s‚ kn-\n-aI - f - n¬ A-Xn-√.F-√m
\n-sS {]n-bZ- ¿-i≥ 95 kn-\n-aI - ƒ kw- sIm-≠v hy-‡n-]c - a - m-b Im-cy-ßf - n¬ ∂pw t]m-tI-≠ Im-cy-an-√.A-h¿ \-∂m- X-cØ- n-ep-≈ kn-\n-aI - f- pw F-Sp-°p-∂-
hn-[m-\w sN-bX -v p I-gn-™p. ln-μn-bn¬ X-eb - n-Sm≥ t]m-Ic - p-X.v G¬-]n-°p-∂ bn A-`n-\b - n-°p-∂p-t≠m F-∂pw ]-d- bm-fm-Wv Rm≥.kn-\n-aI - ƒ hy-Xy-kX -v w
G-‰h - p-a[ - n-Iw kn-\n-a kw-hn-[m-\w sN- tPm-en Ir-Xy-am-bn sN-øp-∂h - c - m-Wv bp-∂X - v A-\p-kc - n-°p-∂p-t≠m F-∂pw B-°m≥ {i-an-°p-tºmƒ ]p-Xn-b Iq-´p
bvX- b- mƒ F-∂ t\-´Ø - n-s‚ sXm-´S- p- ]p-Xn-b Xm-cß - ƒ. A-hc - n¬ \n-∂v jq- t\m-°n-bm¬ a-Xn.C-°m-cy-Øn¬ A- sI-ń¬ sN-bX -v m-tem F-∂p tXm-∂n.A-
Øp h-sc H-cp L-´Ø - n¬ F-Øn-bn-cp- ń-ßn-s‚ H-cp L-´Ø - n-epw F-\n-°v {]- h-cp-sS `m-KØ - p \n-∂v H-cp ho-gN -v b- pw ß-s\-bm-Wv ]p-Xn-b Xm-c-ß-sf-bpw
∂p. {]n-b≥ ]p-Xn-b Nn-{X-Øn-s‚ hn- iv\- w D-≠m-bn-ń-√. tam-l≥-em-en-s\ h- kw-`h - n-®n-ń-√. \yq-P\ - t- d-j≥ sN-øp-∂- km-t¶-Xn-I hn-ZK - [-v s - c-bpw h-®v F-Sp-
ti-jß - ƒ ]-db - p-∂p. ®p kn-\n-a sN-øp-∂ kp-Jt- Øm-sS Cu sX-√mw Ip-g∏ - w B-sW-∂p Ip-‰s - ∏-Sp- °m≥ Xo-cp-am-\n-®X - .v F-√m-h¿-°pw F-
\yq P-\t- d-j≥ Xm-cß - s - f h-®p kn- Nn-{Xw ]q¿-Øn-bm-°m≥ km-[n-®p. Øn-s°m-≠v C-cn-°m-sX A-hc - n¬ \n- s‚ a-°f - p-sS {]m-bt- a D-≈q. A-Xp ]q¿-
\n-a sN-bX -v m¬ X-et- h-Z\ - B-sW-∂pw ]p-Xn-b X-ea - p-d ko-\n-tb-gk -v n-\p ap- ∂p Im-cy-ßƒ ]Tn-°m≥ {i-an-°- Øn-bm-°n-bt- ∏mƒ {]-tXy-I kp-Jw X-
A- h ¿ ko- \ n- b ¿ kw- h n- [ m- b - I - s c ∂n¬ Im-en-t∑¬ Im¬ I-b‰ - n h-®n-cp- Ww.Rm≥ C-t∏m-gpw ]Tn-®p sIm-≠n- s∂ tXm-∂n. a-eb - m-fØ - n¬ C-\n h≥
ssa≥-Uv sN-øm-dn-s√-∂pw Nn-e¿ ap-∂- ∂p kn-Kd - ‰
- v h-en-°pw F-s∂m-s° B- cn-°p-Ib - m-Wv.Rm≥ Xp-Sß - n-b Im-e- _-P‰ - v Nn-{X-ßƒ H-∂pw sN-øp-∂n-√.
dn-bn-∏v \¬-In-bn-cp-∂p. F-∂m¬ kz- t£-]n-°p-∂X - n¬ h-en-b A¿-Ya - n-√. tØ-Xn¬ \n-∂p kn-\n-ab - p-sS th-Kw c-≠v ln-μn ]-Sß - f - m-Wv C-\n kw-hn-
¥w a-°s - f h-®p kn-\n-a sN-øp-∂X - p Im-ew am-dn. \-Ωp-sS Nn-¥m-KX - n-If - n-epw am-dn.{]-Wb - w am-dn.F-√mw am-dn-sb-∂p [m-\w sN-øp-I. 5 hr-≤¿ ap-Jy I-Ym-
t]m-se 40 Zn-hk - w sIm-≠v jq-ń-Mv ]q¿- am-‰w D-≠m-bn.A-t∏mƒ A-Øc - w Im- ]-db- p-∂X - m-Wv i-cn. ]m-{X-ßf - m-Ip-∂ X-am-i∏ - S- a
- m-Wv B-
Øn-bm-°n. c-kI - c
- a- m-b A-\p-`h - w B- cy-ßƒ Ip-sd-sbm-s° A-hK - W- n-°- tIm-hn-Uv Im-es - Ø s{sIw {Xn-√d - m- Zyw.ho-\k - v B-Wv \n¿-am-Xm-°ƒ.A-£-
bn-cp-∂p A-X.v A-h¿ an-Sp-°c - m-W.v A- Ww.a-‰p-≈h - c- p-sS _-lp-am-\w \mw tNm- Wv ]p-Xn-b Nn-{Xw.Xn-c° - Y - b
- pw Rm≥ bvI
- p-am¿ \m-bI - \ - m-Ip-∂ Nn-{X-am-Wv c-
h-cp-sS I-gn-hp am-{Xw \-Ωƒ t\m-°n- Zn-®p hm-tß-≠X - √
- .B-hi - y-Øn-\p-≈ X-s∂-bm-Wv F-gp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂X - v.H-cp ≠m-aX - .v A-Xn-\p ti-jt- a a-eb - m-fØ
- n-
bm!¬ a-Xn. hy-‡n-]c - a- m-b Im-cy-ßƒ _-lp-am-\w A-h¿ F-\n-°p X-∂p.]p- sIm-®p ]-Sa- m-Wn-X.v A-hI - m-i hm-Zß - ƒ te-°p-≈q. {]n-b≥ ]-db - p-∂p.
52 NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023
NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023  53
CS-°m-eØv X\n-°p-≠mb
im-co-cnI- _- p-≤na- p-´p-Iƒ
sh-fn-s∏-Sp-Øn A-\p-{io-
imc- o-cn-Ia- m-bn D-≠m-b _p-≤n-ap-´p-Iƒ aq-ew H-ºX - v am-
k-tØm-fw dq-an¬ I-gn-tb-≠n h-∂ A-hÿ - Xp-d∂ - v ]-d-
™v \-Sn A-\p-{io. C-SX - v ssI ]m-cs - se-kU -v v B-sb-
∂pw kn-\n-a Po-hn-Xw A-hk - m-\n-®p-sh-∂m-Wv I-cp-Xn-bn-
cp-∂s - X-∂pw \-Sn ]-d™ - p. H-cp bq-Syq-_v Nm-\e - n-\v \¬-
In-b A-`n-ap-JØ - n-em-Wv A-\p-{io-bp-sS sh-fn-s∏-Sp-Ø¬.

"C-Xn-lm-kb - n-sem-s° A-`n-\b - n-® ti-ja - m-W.v \-S° - p-
tºmƒ s]-s´-∂v ssI-bn¬ _m-e≥-kv C-√m-Xm-Ip-∂X - v
t]m-se tXm-∂n. B-Zyw F-¥m-sW-∂v a-\k - n-em-bn-√.
]n-∂o-Sv C-Sb - ° -v n-sS A-ßs - \ kw-`h - n-°m≥ Xp-Sß - n. B-
ip-]{- Xn-bn¬ t]m-bn F-Ik -v v td H-s° F-Sp-sØ-¶n-epw
A-t∏mƒ F-¥m-sW-∂v I-≠p-]n-Sn-°m≥ ]-‰n-bn-√.
a-\ - n¬ \-∑b - p-≈ I-≈≥ am-Ø∏ - \- pw ]-≈n sk-an-tØ- _-‘h - p-sam-s° A-bY - m¿-∞- aq-∂p \m-ev am-ks - Ø Nn-In-’b - ° v- pw ]-cn-tim-[\ - b- v-
am-Ø∏ - s- ‚ I-Yb - p-am-bn I-≈- cn-bn¬ h-®v I-≠p-ap-´p-∂p. H-cp- am-bn Nn-e¿-°v tXm-∂n-tb-°m- °pw ti-ja - m-Wv A-[n-Ia - m-bn H-cp F-√v h-f¿-∂v h-cp-∂-
\pw `-Kh - X - n-bpw Xo-b‰ - d- p-If - n- an-®v H-fn-®n-cp-∂ c-≠p-t]-cpw kz- sa-¶n-epw am-Ø-∏-s‚ \¿-a- Xm-Wv {]-i\ -v s- a-∂v a-\ - n-em-bX - .v A-Xn¬ s\¿-hv I-bd - n-
se-Øn. tam-jW - {i-aß - s - f- ¥w A-hÿ - ]-¶p-hb - ° -v p-∂p. Øn¬ tNm-Zy-ßf - pw U-bt- em- ®p-‰p-It- bm H-s° sN-bX -v v Iw-{]-kU -v m-bn-´v Ip-d® - v tam-i-
√mw ]-cm-Pb - s - ∏-´v B-fll - X - y- ]n-cn-bp-tºmƒ c-£-s∏-Sm≥ Kpw `-Kh - X - n-bp-sS a-dp-]S- n-If - pw am-b A-hÿ - b - n-em-bn. ssI-bn¬ ]ƒ-kv In-´m-Ø A-h-
bp-sS h-°n¬ \n¬-°p-∂ H-cp A-hk - m-\ {i-as - a-∂ \n-eb - n¬ G-sd B-kzm-Zy-Ic - a- m-W.v `-‡n- ÿ-bm-bn. i-k{-v X-{In-b \-St- Ø-≠ k-ab - w A-Xn-{I-an-®
I-≈s - ‚ Po-hn-XØ - n¬ D-≠m- {]n-b am-Ø-∏-\v D-]-tZ-in-®p \n¿-`c - a- m-b A-¥c - o-£w kr- ti-ja - m-Wv {]-i\ -v w I-s≠-Øp-∂X - .v B k-ab - w C-Xn-
Ip-∂ A-{]-Xo-£n-X kw-`h - - sIm-Sp-°p-∂X - m-Wv \-Zn-°v A- „n-® Om-bm-{K-lW - w a-\k - n- lm-k dn-eo-kn-\v H-cp-ßp-Ib - m-W.v s]-s´-∂v k¿-Pd - n \-S-
ßƒ \¿-ah - pw ^m‚-kn-bpw a- °-sc Im-Sp-]n-Sn-® Kp-lm-t£- \v Ip-fn¿-ab - pw im-¥n-bpw \¬- Øn. F-´H -v º
- X - v am-kt- Øm-fw ssI ]m-cs - se-kU -v v B-
t\m-lc - Zr-iy-ßf - pw C-ºa - m¿- {X-Øn¬ h-gn-]m-Spw ss\-th- Ip-∂ c-RP -v n≥ cm-Pn-s‚ Km-\-
∂ Km-\ß - f - pw sIm-≠v a-t\m- Zy-ß-fp-an-√m-sX D-t]-£n-°- ß-fpw {i-t≤-ba - m-W.v
l-c-am-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂ kn-\n-a- s∏-´ `-K-h-Xn-bp-sS hn-{K-lw I-≈≥ am-Ø∏ - \ - m-bn hn-jv-
bm-Wn-Xv. H-cn-St- h-fb - v° - v ti- tam-„n-°m≥. \-Zn \o-¥n-°S- - Wp D-Æn-Ir-jW -v ≥ an-I® - {]-
jw Cu-Ãv tIm-Ãv hn-Pb - ≥ ∂v hn-jk - ¿-∏ß - f- pw Im-´p-ar- I-S\- w Im-gN -v h - ® - t- ∏mƒ {]n-bm-
kw-hn-[m-\Ø - n-te-°v Xn-cn-s®- K-ßf - pw h-kn-°p-∂ sIm-Sp-¶m- a-Wn-bm-bn F-Øn-b A-\p-{io
Øp-∂ I-≈\ - pw `-Kh - X - n-bpw ń¬ \n-∂v hn-{K-lw tam-„n-®v X-s‚ th-jw h-fs - c a-t\m-l-
sI.hn A-\n-en-s‚ t\m-he - m- ]p-dØ - n-dß - n-b am-Ø∏ - t- \m-Sv c-am-bn A-hX - c - n-∏n-®p. Nn-{X-
b "I-≈\ - pw `-Kh - X
- n"sb-bpw tZ-hn H-t∂ B-hi - y-s∏-´p-≈q, Øn-se G-‰-hpw k-hn-ti-j
B-k] -v Z- a - m-°n-bp-≈X - m-W.v A-ºe - Ø- n-se ]p-\x-{]-Xn-jT v km-∂n-[yw `-Kh - X - n-bm-bn F-
sIm-®p sIm-®p I-fh - p-Iƒ sN- I-gn-bp-∂X - p-hs - c Xm-ak - n-°m≥ Øn-b tam-£b - m-Wv. t{]-£-
bvs- X-¶n-epw I-≈≥ F-∂ t]- H-cn-Sw. ]n-∂o-St- ßm-´v I-≈\ - pw I-s\ c-kn-∏n-®pw B-kz-Zn-∏n-
cn-\∏- p-dw H-∂pw t\-Sm≥ am-Ø- `-Kh- X - n-bpw X-Ωn¬ A-Zr-iy- ®pw a-\w I-h¿-∂pw `-‡n-bp-
∏≥ D-Æn F-∂ I-≈≥ am-Ø- am-b H-cp _-‘w cq-]s - ∏-Sp-∂- sS ]-ct- Im-Sn-bn-se-Øn-°p-∂
∏-\m-bn-ń-√. K-Xy-¥c - a - n-√m-sX Xpw A-Xv I-≈-s‚ Po-hn-X- `-Kh
- X - n-bp-sS th-jØ - n¬ tam-
Po-hn-Xw A-hk - m-\n-∏n-°m≥ C- sØ-bm-sI am-‰n-ad- n-°p-∂X - p-am- £ A-Xn-at- \m-lc - {]-IS- \ - a - m- bn-cp-∂p. B H-ºX - v am-kt- Øm-fw H-cp dq-an-\p-≈n-em-bn-cp-
d-ßn-Øn-cn-® am-Ø∏ - ≥ A-h- Wv Nn-{X-Øn-s‚ c-kX - ¥ - p. Wv Im-gN -v h - ® - X - .v `-‡n-bn-√m-Ø- ∂p Po-hn-Xw. kn-\n-as - bm-s° H-cp s]-ń-bn¬ ]q-ń-sh-°-
h¿ t]m-epw H-cp-h´- s - a-¶n-epw Ww F-∂v Xo-cp-am-\n-®p.
H-∂v Xn-cn-™p sXm-gp-Xn-´p i-co-cØ - n-se H-cp R-cº - n-s\m-s° F-¥p-am-{Xw {]-k-
t]m-Im≥ sIm-Xn-°pw tam-£- ‡n-bp-s≠-∂v a-\ - n-em-°n-bX - v A-t∏m-gm-W.v \-Ωp-sS C-
bp-sS `-Kh - X - n-sb. am-Ø∏ - s - ‚ „-Øn-\\ - p-kc - n-®v i-co-cØ - n-s‚ H-cp `m-Kw A-\° - m≥ I-
Iq-´p-Im-c\ - m-b I-≈\ - m-bn cm- gn-bm-Ø A-hÿ - . \m-ev Np-ac - n-\p-≈n¬ H-ºX - v am-kt- Øm-
tP-jv am-[h - ≥ t{]-£I - c - n¬ fw I-gn-™p, ap-∂n¬ Sn.hn am-{Xw. ^n-kn-tbm-sX-dm-∏n
Nn-cn-bp-sS hn-Øp-]m-In. H-cp sN-bX -v p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂ k-ab - Ø- m-Wv F-\n-°v 'N-t{μ-
ko-\n¬ am-{Xw h-∂ tPm-Wn ´≥ F-hn-sS-bm' F-∂ Nn-{X-Øn¬ \n-∂p-≈ tImƒ h-cp-
B‚-Wn-bp-sS s]m-´° - p-gn cm- ∂-Xv. F-\n-°v ]-‰n-s√-∂v kw-hn-[m-bI - t- \m-Sv ]-d™ - p.
[m-Ir-jW -v ≥ Im-en-I{- ]-k‡ - n- t\-cn-´v Im-Wm-sa-∂v A-Wn-bd - {- ]-h¿-ØI - ¿ ]-d™ - p. F-
bp-≈, c-kn-∏n-°p-∂ I-Ym-]m- \n-°v C-Sw ssI sIm-≠v H-cp tIm-^n t]m-epw Ip-Sn-
{X-am-bn-cp-∂p. {]n-bb - p-sS A- °m≥ ]-‰n-s√-∂v A-ht- cm-Sv ]-d™ - p. \-S° - W - s - a-¶n¬
Ω-bm-bn am-em ]m¿-hX - n A-—- A-Ωb - p-sS k-lm-bw th-Wa - m-bn-cp-∂p. F-s∂ sh-®v F-
\m-bn P-b≥ tN¿-Øe - , ]-≈o- ß-s\ kn-\n-a sN-øp-sa-∂v Rm≥ tNm-Zn-®p. F-{X \mƒ
km-\ {i-as - a-∂ \n-eb - n¬ A- Xo-b‰ - ¿ hn-ń-dß - p-∂X - p-hs - c ^n-kn-tbm-sX-dm-∏n D-s≠-∂v A-h¿ tNm-Zn-®p. \m-ev am-
º-eØ - n-se Ir-jW -v h - n-{K-lw t{]-£I - s - \ ^m‚-kn-bp-sS am- e-®\ - m-bn k-enw Ip-am¿, t]m-
eo-kv C≥-ks -v ]-Œd - m-bn t{]w k-sa-∂v ]-d™ - t- ∏mƒ A-Xv I-gn-™v h-cm-sa-∂v A-h¿
tam-„n-°m≥ Xo-cp-am-\n-°p-∂p. bn- I - X - b n- t e- ° v B- h m- l n- ]-d™- p. A-hc - p-sS hm-°p-Iƒ F-\n-°v In-ń-b F-\¿-Pn
tkm-at- i-Jc - ≥ ap-Xe - m-fn-°v A- °m≥ kw-hn-[m-bI - \ - pw Xn-c- Ip-am¿, t\m-_n-bp-sS t]m-eo-
kp-Im-c≥, {io-Im-¥v ap-cf - n, P- h-ep-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. A-Xv H-cp {]-Xo-£b - m-bn-cp-∂p. N-t{μ-
—≥ ]-Wb - s - ∏-Sp-Øn-b ho-Sv Xn- °-Yb - ° -v p-am-bn-´p-≠.v k¿-Δh - pw ´≥ F-hn-sS-bm F-∂ Nn-{X-Øn¬ Zn-eo-t]-´≥ H-cp-]m-Sv
cn-s®-Sp-°m≥ \n-h¿-Øn-bn-√m- \-„s - ∏-´h - ¿-°v H-cp I-®n-Øp- b-i¶ - ¿ Xp-Sß - n F-√m-hc - pw X-
s∂ I-Ym-]m-{X-tØm-Sv \o-Xn- k-lm-bn-®n-cp-∂p. B _-lp-am-\w A-t±-lt- Øm-Sv F-\n-
sX am-\w hn¬-°m≥ X-bm-dm- cp-ºm-bn Po-hn-XØ - n¬ Nn-eX - p- °p-≠.v ]p-en-ap-cp-I≥ Dƒ-∏s - S-bp-≈ Nn-{X-ßf - n-se A-h-
bn H-cp cm-{Xn ho-Sp-hn-ń-dß - p- ≠m-Ipw, H-cn-°e - pw {]-Xo-£ ]p-e¿-Øn.
Zr-iy-`w-Kn-bpw, {ip-Xn-a[ - p-ca - m- k-cw B k-ab - Ø- v \-„a - m-bn-cp-∂p. H-cp tdm-∏v sI-ń Nm-
I-bm-Wv {]n-bm-aW - n. In-S∏ - n-em- ssI-hn-Sc - p-Xv F-∂ k-tμ-iw Sp-∂ cwK-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. A-sXm-∂pw B k-ab - Ø - v sN-
b A-Ωt- bm-Sv I-Æo-tcm-sS bm- Iq-Sn Nn-{Xw t{]-£I - ¿-°v k- b Km-\ß - f - pw \¿-Ωh - pw sIm-
≠v t{]-£I - s - \ ^m‚-kn-bp- øm-\m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂n-√', A-\p-{io ]-d™ - p.
{X-]-d-™n-d-ßp-∂ {]n-b-bpw Ωm-\n-°p-∂p-≠v. bp-‡n-t_m- A-tX-ka - b
- w, hn-jW -v p D-Æn-Ir-jW -v ≥ \m-bI - \ - m-sb-
tam-jW - {- i-aØ - n-\n-sS ]n-Sn-°- [-Øn-s‚ h¿-Øa - m-\I - m-eØ - v sS am-{¥n-Ih - e - b - Ø - n¬ ]q-ń-
bn-Sp-∂ H-cp Ip-™p Nn-{X-am- Øp-∂ 'I-≈\ - pw `K-hX - n'bp-am-Wv A-\p-{io-bp-sS ]p-Xn-
s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°m≥ Hm-Sn c-£s - ∏- I-≈\ - pw `-Kh - X- n-bpw X-Ωn-ep- b Nn-{Xw. am¿-®v 31-\v Nn-{Xw Xn-tb-‰d - p-If - n-se-Øn.
´v ]-≈n-bn¬ A-`b - w tX-Sp-∂ ≈ kw-`m-jW - ß - f - pw B-fl- Wv I-≈\ - pw `-Kh - X - n-bpw.
54 classified advertisements NERKAZHCHA
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MATRIMONIAL: SEEKING BRIDE

HINDU NAIR BOY (CASTE NO BAR,) ,
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NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023  55
_m-_p-cm-Pn-s‚ Km-\-ßƒ A-\p-a-Xn-bn-√m-sX
kn-\n-a-bn¬ ho≠pw; _m-_p-cm-Pn-s‚
Ip-Spw-_w \n-b-a-\-S-]-Sn-bn-te-°v
Fw.F-k.v _m-_p-cm-Pn-s‚ Km-\ß - ƒ A-\p-aX - n-bn-√m-sX kn-
\n-ab- n¬ D-]t- bm-Kn-°p-∂X - n-s\-Xn-tc _m-_p-cm-Pn-s‚ Ip-Spw-_w
\n-ba - \
- S- ]- S- n-bn-te-°v. _m-_p-cm-Pn-s‚ Km-\ß - ƒ, '\o-es - h-fn-
®w' F-∂ kn-\n-ab - n¬ D-]t- bm-Kn-°p-∂X - n-s\-Xn-tc kw-hn-[m-
b-I≥ B-jn-Jv A-_p, kw-Ko-Xk - w-hn-[m-bI - ≥ _n-Pn-_m¬ F-
∂n-h¿-°m-Wv _m-_p-cm-Pn-s‚ a-°ƒ h-°o¬ t\m-ó-kv A-b® - -
Xv. ""Xmaksat¥ hcphm≥ {]mWkJo Fs‚ ap∂n¬..'' XpS-
ßn-bp≈ _m-_p-cm-Pn-s‚ kw-Ko-XØ - n-s‚ am-ka -v c
- n-IX- b- pw X-
\n-ab - pw \-in-∏n-°p-∂ X-cØ - n-em-Wv do an-Ik -v v sN-bX -v Km-\-
ßƒ H-cp-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂s - X-∂v ]-cm-Xn-bn¬ ]-db - p-∂p. do-an-Ik -v v
Km-\ß - ƒ k-aq-la - m-[y-aß - f - n¬ \n-∂pw Sn.hn. Nm-\e - p-If - n¬-\n-
∂pw ]n≥-he - n-°W- s - a-∂v t\m-ó-kn¬ B-hi - y-s∏-Sp-∂p.
_n-Pn-_m-epw sd-Ik -v v hn-Pb - \- pw tN¿-∂m-Wv \o-es - h-fn-®Ø - n-
se Km-\ß - ƒ ]p-\c - m-hn-jI -v c- n-®n-cn-°p-∂X - .v a-[p t]mƒ B-Wv

 
A-ta-cn-°≥ slm-d¿ Nn-{X-am-b "Zn t]m-]v- s‚ Po-hn-XI - m-eØ - v H-cp e-£Ø - n-e[ - n-Iw F-
kv F-It-v km¿-kn-Ã"v dn-eo-kn-s\m-cp-ßp-∂p. F- Ivt- km¿-kn-kw \-SØ - p-Ib - pw sN-bX v- ]p-tcm-
Io-t_m¿-Uv ssI-Im-cyw sN-bX -v n-cn-°p-∂X - .v ssh-°w ap-lΩ - Z- v {]n¬ G-gn-\v Nn-{Xw tem-Is - a-ºm-Spw dn-eo-kv ln-X\ - m-b ^m-Z¿ K-{_n-tb¬ A-tam¿-Øn-s‚
_-jo-dn-s‚ \o-es - h-fn-®w F-∂ Ir-Xn-sb A-Sn-ÿm-\a - m-°n '`m¿- sN-øpw. Pq-en-bk - v A-sh-cn kw-hn-[m-\w sN- b-Ym¿-∞ ^-be - p-If - n¬ \n-∂v {]-tNm-Z\ - w Dƒ-
K-ho-\n-eb- w' dn-eo-kv sN-bX -v v 59 h¿-jß - ƒ-°v ti-ja - m-Wv ho- øp-∂ Nn-{X-Øn¬ ap-Jy I-Ym-]m-{X-am-b ^m- s°m-≠v \n¿-Ωn-® Nn-{Xw Iq-Sn-bm-Wn-X.v
≠pw '\o-es - h-fn-®'Øn-\v ]p-\c - m-hn-j° -v m-cw X-øm-dm-hp-∂X - .v 1964- Z¿ K-{_n-tb¬ A-tam¿-Øv B-bn A-`n-\b - n- F-Itv- km¿-kn-Ãm-b H-cp B¨-Ip-ń-bp-sS `-
em-bn-cp-∂p \o-es - h-fn-®w F-∂ I-Ys - b A-Sn-ÿm-\a - m-°n ssh- °p-∂X - v A-°m-Za - n A-hm¿-Uv tP-Xm-hv d- ¬ bm-\I - a - m-b h-kX -v p-hI - I- ƒ A-t\z-jn-°p-Ib - pw
°w ap-lΩ - Z- v _-jo¿ X-s∂ Xn-c° - Y - F-gp-Xn `m¿-§h - o-\n-eb - w t{Im B-W.v Um-\n-b¬ tkm-hm-t´m, A-eI - k-v v h-Øn-°m≥ Xo-{h-am-bn a-d® - p-sh-°m≥ {i-an-®
F-∂ kn-\n-a ]p-dØ - p-h∂ - X - .v F. hn≥-sk‚ v B-bn-cp-∂p Nn- F-t m, {^m-t¶m \o-tdm F-∂n-hc - pw Nn-{X-Øn- \q-‰m-≠p-Iƒ ]-g° - a - p-≈ H-cp Kq-Vm-tem-N\ - ]p-
{Xw kw-hn-[m-\w sN-bX -v X- .v ep-≠.v d-sØ-Sp-°p-Ib - pw sN-øp-∂X - m-Wv Nn-{X-Øn-s‚
H.]n.Fw kn-\n-am-kn-s‚ _m-\d - n¬ B-jn-Jv A-_p, dn-a I-√n- ^m-Z¿ K-{_n-tb¬ A-tam¿-Øn-s‚ An Exorcist C-Xn-hr-Øw. 2022 Hm-KÃ - v ap-X¬ H-tŒm-_¿ h-
¶¬ F-∂n-hc - m-Wv '\o-es - h-fn-®w' \n¿-Ωn-°p-∂X - .v k-Pn≥ A- Tells His Story and An Exorcist: More Stories F-∂ sc A-b¿-e≠ - n-se U-ªn≥, en-sa-dn-°v F-∂n-
en ]p-em-°¬, A-∫m-kv ]p-Xp-∏d - º - n¬ F-∂n-hc - m-Wv k-l\ - n¿- ]p-kX -v I- Ø- n-se Hm¿-Ω° - p-dn-∏p-Is
- f A-Sn-ÿm- hn-Sß - f - n-em-bm-Wv kn-\n-ab - p-sS Nn-{Xo-Ic - W
- w
am-Xm-°ƒ. tdm-j≥ am-Xyp, dn-a I-√n-¶¬, sSm-hn-t\m tXm-ak - ,v
ssj≥ tSmw Nm-t°m Xp-Sß - n-bh - c - m-Wv {]-[m-\t- h-jß - f - n-se- \-am-°n-bp-≈X - m-Wv Nn-{Xw. h-Øn-°m-\n-se No- \-S∂ - X - v. tkm-Wn ]n-IvN - ¿-km-Wv Nn-{Xw Xn-
Øp-∂X - v. ^v F-It-v km¿-kn-Ãm-bn {]-h¿-Øn-°p-Ib - pw X- tb-‰d - p-If - n¬ F-Øn-°p-∂X - .v
56 NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023
VARGHESE INSURANCE AGENCY

NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023  57
A-\p-`-h Ip-dn-∏v - bn¬ \n-∂pw A-hs - ‚ A-Ωs - b km-
jn-Pp G-{_-lmw, Um-e-kv £n-bm-°n I-S∂ - p-t]m-b F-s‚ A-©p-
h-bk - p-Im-c≥ aq-Øa - I- \- m-Wv A-Xn-\p
Im-cW - w. C-t∏mƒ F-\n-°v A-hn-sS-bpw
 B-sfm-≠,v C-hn-sS-bpw B-sfm-≠v !.

h-cp-hm-\p-≈ a-lm `m-Kyw hn-Nm-cn-
®m¬ C-t∏mƒ A-\p-`h - n-°p-∂ {]-bm-

k-ßƒ km-ca - n-s√-∂p-≈ th-Z hm-Jy-
hpw bu-h\ - Ø - n¬ \o \n-s‚ kr-„S-v m-
hn-s\ A-dn-™p-sIm-≈p-I F-∂p-≈ hm-
Iy-hpw tN¿-Øv hm-bn-®p a-cW - m-¥c - a
- p-
≈ B a-lm`m-Ky-Øn-\v tbm-Ky-X t\-
Sm≥ km-[n-®h - c - m-Wv b-Ym¿-∞ `m-Ky-
F\- n-°v H-cp thm-°¬ tIm¿-Un-s‚ t¥m-jh - pw hy-Xy-mk - w B-bn-cp-∂p. tbm- dn-™h - c - m-sW-∂pw, Xn-cp-hm-bn sam-gn- hm-∑m¿ Po-hn-X hn-Pb - n-Iƒ. ⁄m-\n-
s]m-en-]k -v v k¿-Pd - n I-gn-™p. H-cm-gN -v - Kn-Iƒ au-\ {h-Xw io-en-®X - v sh-dp-sX- ™ kr-„h - m-b tb-ip {In-kX -v p-hn-se Iƒ- .
bm-bn. ]-cn-]q¿-Wa - m-bpw kw-km-cn-°- b-√. ssZ-hs - Ø A-s√-¶n¬, Cu-iz-c ssN- ]n-s∂ F-\n-°v ]-cn-]q-¿Wam-bn ssZ-
cp-sX-∂p tUm-Œ¿ \n-jI -v ¿jn-®n-cn-°p- P-∑\ - m kw-km-c ti-jn C-√m-Xn-cp-∂ X-\y-sØ Im-Wm-sX, a-\p-jycn¬- am- h-sØ In-ń-bX - v ap-X¬, F-\n-°v th-
I-bm-W.v B-tfm-Sv A-sX co-Xn-bn¬ kw-km-cn- {Xw C-∂pw B-{i-bn-°p-∂, I-Æp-≠m- ≠n F-s‚ H-cp Im-cy-Øn-epw ssZ-h-
A-Xv H-cp am-kt- Øm-fw \o-≠p-t]m- t°-≠n-h∂ - t- ∏m-gm-Wv, A-t±-lw C-Xp- bn-´pw Im-Wm-Øh - c - m-b a-\p-jy¿. tØm-Spw {]m¿-∞n-°m-dn-√. a-‰m-tcm-Spw
tb-°mw. A-s√-¶n¬ k-¿P-dn-bp-sS ^- h-sc Cu A-hÿ - b - n¬ Zpx-Jn-°p-Ib - - ]-ec - pw ]-eX - pw B-hm≥ {i-an-°p-∂- {]m¿-∞n-°m≥ ]-db - m-dn-√.
ew In-´p-Ib - n-√. √m-bn-cp-∂p, a-dn-®,v k-t¥m-jn-°p-Ib - m- Xpw, Po-hn-°p-∂X - pw, a-cW - t- i-jw Cu F-s‚ F-√m Im-cy-ßf - pw A-dn-bp-∂
hn-{i-aØ - n-em-bX - v sIm-≠v kw-km-cn- bn-cp-∂p F-∂v a-\ - n-em-°n-bX - .v Im-c- `q-an-bn¬ H-cp H-cp N-cn-{Xw D-≠m-°p- ssZ-hØ - n¬ ]-cn-]q¿-Wa - m-bn k-a¿-∏n-
°m≥ I-gn-bm-sX t]-\b - pw t]-∏d - p-am- Ww, A-{X-bpw tZm-jkw-km-cß - ƒ Po- hm-\pw, {]-Xn-a ÿm-]n-°m-\pw B-W.v ®n-cn-°p-Ib - m-W.v F-\n-°v ssZ-hØ - n-s‚
bn Zn-hk - w X-≈n \o-°n-sIm-≠n-cn-°p- hn-XØ - n¬ Ip-d™ - n-cn-°p-at- √m-. A-h¿ B-cpw A-Xv A-dn-bp-∂p-t]m-epw Ir-] am-{Xw a-Xn. F-√m-bt-v ]m-gp w A-
∂p. H-Øn-cn kw-km-cn-°p-∂h - ¿-°pw \mw B-cm-W?v F-hn-sS-\n-∂p h-∂p? C-√. t`m-j\ - m-b a-\p-jy≥ F-s∂ ]-d- Xv am-{X-ta {]m-¿Y-\b - m-bp-≈q. F-∂n-
{]-kw-Kn-°p-∂h - ¿-°pw ]m-´p-Im¿-°pw F-¥n-\p h-∂p? F-hn-tS-°p Xn-cn-®p bm-\p-≈q- .]-s≠m-s° aq-∂p X-ea - p-d- ´p F-√m-bn-t∏m-gpw F-√m-Øn-\pw ssZ-
H-s° km[m-cW - D-≠m-Ip-∂X - m-W.v H- t]m-Ip-∂p-sh-∂pw kz-bw tNm-Zn-°p- sb-¶n-epw H-cm-sf Hm¿-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. h-tØm-Sv \-μn ]-d™ - p Po-hn-°p-∂p.
cm-gN v- ]-cn-]q-Æa - m-bpw kw-km-cn-°c - p- hm≥ H-cp \-√ A-hk - c - w In-ń-bX - n¬ C-t∏mƒ H-cp X-ea - p-d t]m-epw Hm¿-°n- C-Sb- ° -v p a-‰m-cp-sS-bpw a-[y-ÿX - th-
Xv. A-Xp-Ig- n-™p ]-Xp-s° ]-Xp-s° k-t¥m-jn-°p-∂p. √. {]-Xn-a Im-°° - p Im-jT v n-°m≥ sIm- ≠ F-∂v hn-iz-kn-°p-∂p.
\m-em-gN v- sIm-≠v ]q¿-Wa - m-bpw kw- b-Ym¿-∞ kr-„S-v m-hn-s\ A-dn-bm-sX, ≈mw. kz¿-§ÿ - \ - m-b ]n-Xm-hv F-√mw F-
km-cn-°m≥ tUm-Œ¿ ]-d™ - p. A-s√- ssZ-hØ - n-s‚ t]-cn-epw, a-\p-jy \n¿-an- C-t∏mƒ a-cW - s - Ø H-´pw `-ba - n-√m-sX- √m-bt-v ]m-gpw \-Ωp-sS \-∑° - m-bn am-{X-
¶n¬ ho-≠pw ap-dn-bpw. ^-ew In-ń-√. X-am-b a-XØ - n-s‚ t]-cn-¬ X-Ωn¬ I- bm-bn- P - o-hn-®n-cn-°p-tºmƒ X-s∂ \- ta sN-øp-Ib - p-ff - q F-∂v hn-iz-kn-°p-
H-cm-gv-N au-\ {h-X-Øn¬ C-cp-∂- e-ln-°p-∂ a-\p-jy¿. F-√m-hc - pw H-tc Ωƒ a-cW - s - ∏-´m¬ F-ßs - \-bm-bn-cn- ∂p. Po-hn-X-Øn¬ \-S-°p-∂-sX-√mw
t∏mƒ, Rm≥ C-Xp-hs - c A-dn-bm-Xn-cp- hr-£Ø - n-s‚ `m-Ka - m-sW-∂pw, ]-e Nn- °pw F-∂v a-\k - n-em-°n. H-cp Np-°pw ssZ-hØ - n-s‚ A-\p-{K-la - m-bn \-S°- p-
∂ ]-eX - pw a-\ - n-em-bX - .v Rm≥ C-Xp- √-If- n¬ C-cp-∂p-sIm-≠v Rm-\m-Wv i- kw-`h - n-°n-√, tem-Ih - pw a-\p-jy-cpw km- ∂p-sh-∂v hn-iz-kn-°p-∂p.
h-sc I-cp-Xn-bX - v \-Ωƒ F-t¥m kw-`- cn-bm-b hr-£s - a-∂pw ]-d™ - p I-el - n- [m-cW - Po-hn-Xw Xp-S¿-∂p-sIm-t≠-bn- F-∂m¬ Rm≥ a-‰p-≈h - s - c Hm¿-Øp
h-am-sW-∂pw, Rm≥ C-s√-¶n¬ \-Ωp- °p-∂ a-\p-jy¿. cn-°pw. A-hc - p-sS A-\p-{K-lØ - n-\pw B-flm-hn-
sS ho-ń-epw \m-ń-epw H-∂pw \-S° - n- a-°ƒ X-Ωn¬ ]n-Xm-hv F-t‚-Xv am-{X- ]-s£ , a-cW - t- i-jw \-Ωƒ F-hn-tS- s‚ \-∑° - pw th-≠n {]m-¿XvYn-°m-dp-
s√-∂pw H-s°-bm-W.v AX√, \-Ωp-sS am-sW-∂v ]-d™ - p ]n-Xm-hn-s\ ]-e t]- °m-Wv t]m-Ip-∂X - v F-∂X - m-Wv _m- ≠v . tem-IØ - n-se B-hi - y-Øn-\v th-
A-`m-hØ - n-epw F-√m-hc - pw A-hc - h - c - p- cv hn-fn-®p-sIm-≠p I-el - n-°p-∂p. H-cmƒ °n-bm-b tNm-Zyw. A-hn-sS-sb-¥m-Wv ≠n {]m¿-∞n-°m-dn-√. A-Xv A-Xyp-∂-
sS Im-cyw t\m-°n Po-hn-°pw. \-Ωƒ A-®≥ F-∂pw, H-cmƒ A-∏s - b-∂pw, H- ?F-ßs - \-bm-Wp \-Ωƒ? F-¥v sIm- X-\m-b ]n-Xm-hv \-SØ - p-sa-∂v ]-cn-]q¿-
kvt- \-ln-Xs - c-∂p I-cp-Xn-bh - c - pw, Iq-sS cmƒ _m-∏s - b-∂pw hn-fn-®p-sIm-≠p ]n- ≠p-t]m-bn? C-\n-bpw F-¥m-W?v C-ß- W-am-bn hn-iz-kn-°p-∂p-.
\n¬-°p-sa-∂v I-cp-Xn-bh - c - pw, a-‰p-≈h - - Xr-Xz-sØ sNm-√n i-‡n-bm-bn hm-Zn- s\-bp-≈ tNm-Zy-ßƒ-°p D-Øc - w A- "Cu-iz-c Nn-¥ A-sXm-t∂ am-\p-P\ - -v
cn¬ h-ep-Xm-bn \-Ωƒ hy-Xy-kY v- c- m- °p-∂p. kr-„S-v m-hv Nn-cn-®p-sIm-≠v kz- dn-bm-hp-∂h - c - m-Wv b-Ym¿-∞Ø - n¬ Po- izm-iX - a- m-Ip-Ib - p-≈q'
bn I-cp-Xn-bh - c- n¬ ]-ec - pw, F-√mw s]m- bw ]-db - p-∂p, \n-ßƒ F-√m-hc - pw F- hn-X hn-Pb - n-Iƒ. ⁄m-\n-Iƒ-..
bva- p-Ja - m-bn-cp-∂p F-∂pw a-\ - n-em-°n. s‚ a-°ƒ X-s∂. ssZ-hw A-Xv F-\n-°v C-cp-]X - p h-¿- hm¬-I-jv-Ww.
]-s≠m-s° H-cp Im-° N-Øm¬, a-‰p- Rm≥ X-s∂ h-gn-bpw, k-Xy-hpw, Po- jw ap-tº t\-cn¬ Im-Wn-®p X-∂p. `m-cy X-am-ib- m-bn ]-ds - ™m-cp Im-
≈ Im-°I - ƒ Iq-á - m-bn a-Wn-°q-dp-Iƒ h-\pw B-Ip-∂p. Rm≥ kvt- \-lw B- A-hk - m-\ \n-an-jØ - n¬ c-≠p am-em- cyw.
hy-k\ - n-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. C-t∏mƒ A-h- Ip-∂p. Rm≥ \o-Xn-bm-Ip-∂p. F-∂n¬ J-am-cpw I¿-Øm-hm-b tb-ip {In-kX -v p- C-Xp-t]m-se kw-km-cn-°m≥ I-gn-bm-
cpw Ip-d® - p-ka - b - w I-gn-™p A-hc - p-sS Iq-Sn-b√ - m-sX B-cpw kz¿-§ cm-Py-Øn¬ hpw A-Sp-Øp-h∂ - p X-s∂ sIm-≠p-t]m- Ø H-cm-sf F-√m-hc - pw hn-hm-lw I-gn-
Im-cyw t\m-°n t]m-Ipw. F-Øp-∂n-√ F-∂pw, F-s∂ A-dn-™- Ip-hm-sW-∂pw, ]-d™ - p-sIm-Sp-Ø {]m¿- °p-Ib - m-sW-¶n¬ an-°h - m-dpw ho-Sp-I-
H-cm-gN v- B-tcm-Spw H-∂pw kw-km-cn- h¿ kr-„S-v m-hn-s\ A-dn-bp-∂p-sh-∂pw, ∞-\I - ƒ G-‰p-sNm-√n-bn-´p sF e-hv bp fn¬ Ip-Spw-_ h-g° - p-Iƒ H-gn-hm-Ip-am-
°m-Xn-cp-∂t- ∏mƒ a-\ - n-\v In-ń-b k- kr-„S-v m-hn-s\ A-dn-™h - ¿ X-s∂ A- ]-∏ F-∂v ]-d™ - p sIm-≠v F-s‚ ssI- bn-cp-∂p. ▲
58 NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023
NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023  59
● a-Ic
abcdefghijkl Ip-sd-sbm-s° am-dn-°n-´pw. tPm-en-Im-cy-

ß-fn-se a-μX - Xo-cpw. tPm-en-cw-KØ
Iq-Sp-X¬ Aw-Ko-Im-cw t\-Sn-sb-Sp-°m≥
- p \-sØ ap-°m¬ `m-Kh
- ° - q-dv (D-{Xm-SØ
hpw A- h n- ´ - Ø n- s ‚ B- Z y- ] - I p- X n-
- n-s‚ A-hk
- pw Xn-cp-thm-W-
- m-
\£-{X-êw I-gn-bpw. Ip-Spw-_Ø

e-\n¿-Øm≥ I-gn-bpw. km-ºØ
- n¬ kz-ÿX
- n-I Im-
- \n- bpw):Cu-bm-gN
Xp-th A-\p-Iq-e ^-eß
-v a-Ic - ° - q-dp-Im¿-°v s]m-
- ƒ {]-Xo-£n-
cy-ßf - n-epw A-\p-Iq-e ^-eß - ƒ {]-Xo- °mw. F-¶n-epw hn-Nm-cn-°m-Ø X-S-
2023 G-{]n¬ 2 apX¬ 8 hsc £n-°mw. -ßƒ A-\p-`h - s - ∏-t´-°mw. ssZ-hm-
● ta-S° - q-dv (A-iz-Xn-bpw `-cW - n-bpw ● Xp-em-°q-dv (Nn-Øn-c A-hk - m-\s - Ø \p-{K-l-Øn-\m-bn {]m¿-Y-\-Iƒ th-
[n-°pw. tPm-en-cw-KØ - pw ]p-tcm-KX - n Ww. A-Xn-eq-sS {]-Xn-k‘ - n-Is - f a-dn-
Im¿-Øn-I B-Zy-sØ Im¬ `m-Kh - pw): Im-Ws - ∏-Spw. km-ºØ - n-I ÿn-Xn-bn- ]-Ip-Xn-bpw tNm-Xn-bpw hn-im-JØ - n-s‚
ao-\a - m-kØ - n-s‚ B-Zy-]I - p-Xn ]n-∂n-´- B-Zy-sØ ap-°m¬ `m-Kh - pw):Cu-bm-g-v I-S°- m≥ I-gn-bpw. km-ºØ - n-II - m-cy-
epw sN-dn-b ]p-tcm-KX - n {]-Xo-£n-°mw. ß-fn¬ t\-á- p-≠m-Ipw.hn-Zym¿-Yn-Iƒ-°v
Xn-\m¬ Cu-bm-gN -v ta-S° - q-dp-Im¿-°v Im- G-s‰-Sp-Ø {]-h¿-Ø\ - ß - ƒ hn-Pb - I - - N Xp-em-°q-dp-Im¿-°v s]m-Xp-th Kp-W-
cy-ßƒ s]m-Xp-th A-\p-Iq-ea - m-bn-cn- tZm-ja - n-{i-am-b ^-eß - f - m-Wv A-\p-`h - - ]T-\I - m-cy-ßf - n¬ ]p-tcm-KX - n I-≠p-Xp-
c-am-bn ]q¿-Øn-bm-°m≥ I-gn-bpw. S-ßpw.
°pw. Nn-e Zn-hk - ß - f - n¬ ssZ-hm-\p-{K- s∏-Sp-I. F-¶n-epw h-en-b {]-Xn-k‘ - n-
● I¿-°S -I - ° - q-dv (]p-W¿-XØ - n-s‚ A-
lw th-≠{- X In-´p-∂n-√ F-∂p tXm- I-sfm-∂pw D-≠m-°n-√. B-tcm-Ky Im- ● Ipw-`° - q-dv (A-hn-´Ø - n-s‚ A-hk - m-
∂pw.G-s‰-Sp-Ø Im-cy-ßƒ sN-bvX - p h-km-\s - Ø Im¬-`m-Kh - pw ]q-bh - pw B- cy-ßf - n¬ Iq-Sp-X¬ {i-≤ th-Ww. tPm- \-]I - p-Xn-bpw N-Xb - h - pw ]q-cp-cp-´m-Xn B-
Xo¿-°p-∂X - n-\v A-\p-`h - s - ∏-ń-cp-∂ X- bn-ey-hpw):I¿-°S- I - °- q-dp-Im¿-°v tPm- en-ÿe - Ø - p ]p-Xn-b ÿm-\e - œ - n-°p
en-cw-KØ- pw Ip-Spw-_Ø - n-epw kz-ÿ- Zy-sØ ap-°m¬ `m-Kh - pw):Cu-bm-gN v-
S- ß - ƒ am-dn-°n-´pw. i-co-cØ - n-s‚ B- km-[y-Xb - p-≠.v h-cp-am-\h - ¿-[\ - b - ° -v p-≈ Ipw-`° - q-dp-Im¿-°v s]m-Xp-th \-√ ^-
tcm-Kyw ho-s≠-Sp-°m≥ I-gn-bpw. X ho-s≠-Sp-°m≥ I-gn-bpw. ssZ-hm-\p- ]p-Xn-b h-gn-Iƒ I-s≠-Øpw.
{K-lØ - m¬ {]-Xn-k‘ - n-Is - f a-dn-IS- - e-ßƒ X-s∂-bm-Wv A-\p-`h - s- ∏-Sp-I.
● C-Sh - ° - q-dv (Im¿-Øn-I A-hk - m-\- °m≥ I-gn-bpw. Cu-bm-gN -v s]m-Xp-th ● hr-›n-I° - q-dv (hn-im-JØ - n-s‚ A- B-gN -v b - p-sS B-Zy-]I - p-Xn-bn¬ tPm-en-
sØ ap-°m¬ `m-Kh - pw tcm-ln-Wn-bpw Kp-W ^-eß - ƒ X-s∂-bm-Wv A-\p-`h - - h-km-\s - Ø Im¬ `m-Kh - pw A-\n-gh - pw Im-cy-ßf - n¬ A-ek - X - A-\p-`s - ∏-Spw.
a-Ib- n-cØ - n-s‚ B-Zy-]I - p-Xn-bpw):C-Sh - - s∏-Sp-I.kp-lr-Øp-°f - p-sS-bpw k-l{- ]- Xr-t°-´b - pw):hr-›n-I° - q-dp-Im¿-°v Cu- ]-Ip-Xn-°p ti-jw tPm-en-cw-KØ - p kz-
°q-dp-Im¿-°v Cu-bm-gN -v s]m-Xp-th A- h¿-ØI - c - p-sS-bpw k-lm-bk - l - I - c - W - - bm-gN -v A-\p-Iq-ea - m-b ^-eß - f - m-Wv A- ÿ-X ssI-hc - pw. B-tcm-Kyw \n-e\ - n¿-
\p-Iq-e ^-eß - f - m-Wv A-\p-`h - s - ∏-Sp-I. ßƒ D-≠m-Ipw. ap-Sß - n-°n-S° - p-∂ Im- \p-`h- s - ∏-Sp-I. B-gN -v b - p-sS c-≠m-as - Ø Øm≥ km-[n-°pw. ssZ-hm-\p-{K-l-
F-¶n-epw B-tcm-Ky Im-cy-ßf - n¬ Pm- cy-ßƒ \-SØ - n-sb-Sp-°m≥ km-[n-°pw. ]-Ip-Xn-bn¬ Iq-Sp-X¬ \-√ ^-eß - ƒ Øm¬ {]-Xn-k‘ - n-If - n-sem-∂pw s]-
{K-X th-Ww. tPm-en-cw-KØ - p Iq-Sp-X¬ {]-Xo-£n-°mw. ssZ-hm-\p-{K-la - p-≈X - n- Sm-sX ap-t∂m-´p t]m-Im≥ I-gn-bpw. Ip-
● Nn-ß° - q-dv (a-Ih - pw ]q-ch - pw D-{X-
t\-´ß - ƒ D-≠m-°m≥ I-gn-bpw. km-º- \m¬ {]-Xn-k‘ - n-Is - f hn-Pb - I - c - a - m- Spw-_Ø - n¬ kz-ÿX - b - pw k-am-[m-\-
Øn-s‚ B-Zy-sØ Im¬ `m-Kh - pw):Nn- hpw \n-e\ - n¿-Øm≥ I-gn-bpw.
Øn-I Im-cy-ßf - n-epw A-\p-Iq-e ^-e- ß-°q-dp-Im¿-°p hym-gw A-\p-Iq-e`- m-h- bn a-dn-IS- ° - m≥ I-gn-bpw. B-tcm-Ky-{]-
ßƒ {]-Xo-£n-°mw. tZ-hm-eb - Im-cy- Øn¬ A-√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬ Cu-bm-gv-N iv\
- ß - f - n¬ \n-∂p tam-N\ - w e-`n-°pw. ● ao-\° - q-dv (]q-cp-cp-´m-Xn-bp-sS A-h-
ßƒ-°m-bn ]-Ww \¬-Ipw. Ip-Spw-_- ssZ-hm-\p-{K-lØ - n-\m-bn {]m¿-Y\ - I - ƒ km-\s - Ø Im¬-`m-Kh - pw D-Ør-´m-Xn-
● [-\p-°q-dv (aq-eh - pw ]q-cm-Sh - pw D-
Im-cy-ßƒ \-√ \n-e-bn¬ ap-t∂m-´p th-Ww. A-Xn-eq-sS Ip-Spw-_Ø - n¬ kz- bpw tc-hX - n-bpw):ao-\° - q-dp-Im¿-°v Cu-
sIm-≠p-t]m-Im≥ I-gn-bpw. {Xm-S-Øn-s‚ B-Zy-sØ Im¬-`m-K-
ÿ-X D-≠m-Ipw. tPm-en-cw-KØ - pw A- hpw):[-\p-°q-dp-Im¿-°v Cu-bm-gN -v tPm- bm-gN -v s]m-Xp-th \-√ ^-eß - ƒ A-
● an-Yp-\° - q-dv (a-Ib - n-cØ - n-s‚ A-h- \p-Iq-e^ - e - ß - ƒ {]-Xo-£n-°mw. km- en-cw-K-sØ {]-Xn-k-‘n-Iƒ Xo¿-∂v \p-`h - s - ∏-Spw. tPm-en-cw-Ks - Ø X-S - -
km-\] - I - p-Xn-bpw Xn-cp-hm-Xn-cb - pw ]p- º-Øn-I Im-cy-ßf - n-epw \-√ ^-eß - ƒ Im-cy-ßƒ A-\p-Iq-ea - m-Ipw. ssZ-hm-\p- ßƒ am-dn-°n-´pw.Ip-Spw-_Ø - n¬ kz-ÿ-
W¿-XØ - n-s‚ B-Zy-sØ ap-°m¬ `m- A-\p-`h - s - ∏-Spw. h-cp-am-\Ø - n¬ h¿-[- {K-la - p-≈X - n-\m¬ Im-cy-ßƒ hn-Nm-cn- X \n-e\ - n¿-Øm≥ I-gn-bpw. G-s‰-Sp-Ø
K-hpw):an-Yp-\° - q-dp-Im¿-°v ssZ-hm-\p-{K- \ A-\p-`h - s - ∏-Spw. ®-Xpt]m-se \-S° - pw. a-\ - n-s‚ kz-ÿ- Im-cy-ßƒ hn-Pb - I - c - a- m-bn sN-bX -v p-Xo¿-
lw D-≈X - n-\m¬ Cu-bm-gvN - s]m-Xp- ● I-∂n-°q-dv (D-{X-Øn-s‚ A-hk - m-\- X \n-e\ - n¿-Øm≥ I-gn-bpw. tcm-Km-cn- °m≥ I-gn-bp-Ib - pw sN-øpw. km-ºØ - n-
th A-\p-Iq-e ^-eß - ƒ X-s∂-bm-Wv sØ ap-°m¬ `m-Kh - pw A-Øh - pw Nn- „-ßf - n¬ \n-∂p tam-N\ - w e-`n-°pw. hn- I Im-cy-ßf - n¬ t\-cn-b ]p-tcm-KX - n Im-
A-\p-`h - s - ∏-Sp-I. Ip-Spw-_Ø - n¬ kz-ÿ- Øn-c B-Zy-sØ ]-Ip-Xn-bpw): I-∂n-°q- Zym¿-Yn-Iƒ-°v ]T-t\-Xc - {- ]-h¿-Ø\ - ß - - W-s∏-Spw. hn-Zym¿-Yn-Iƒ-°v Cu-bm-gN -v
X-bpw k-am-[m-\h - pw \n-e\ - n¿-Øm≥ km- dp-Im¿-°v tPm-en-cw-Ks - Ø X-S - ß - ƒ fn¬ tim-`n-°m≥ A-hk - c - w e-`n-°pw. t\-á - p-≠m-°m≥ I-gn-bpw
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60 
  NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023
\yq-Pg- k -v n : ]q¿-Ør-° am-tdm- Um-ek - :-v Um-ek - n-se du-e- Um-ek - v : tIm-´b - w A-co-°- Xp-ºa- ¨ : I-fo-°¬ h-St- °- \yq-tbm¿-°v : tdm-°v em≥-Uv
Øv (I-√pw-Iq-´Ø - n¬) ]-tc-X- ‰v kn-‰n-bn¬ 37 h¿-ja - m-bn c, A-db - °-v ]- d- º - n¬ ]m-Ã¿ F. Xn¬ a-Æn¬ sI.Pn. D-Æp-Æn C-¥y s]-¥t- °m-kX v- ¬ s^-
\m-b ]u-tem-kn-s‚ `m-cy ta- ÿn-c Xm-aa - m-°n-b {]-^. tIm- Fw. tPm-k^ - n-s‚ `m-cy dn-´- (Ip-™-®≥- 80) A-¥-cn-®p. t√m-jn-]v k-`mw-Kw Nm-t°m
cn ]u-tem-kv (87) A-¥c - n-®p. in h¿-Ko-kv (63) A-¥c - n-®p. tb¿-Uv A-[ym-]n-I A-∂Ω - sF-]n-kn _-sY¬ Io-cp-Ip-gn hn. Nm-t°m (X-¶® - ≥ 84) A-
]q¿-Ør-° sk‚ v ta-co-kv bm- t\m¿-Øv sS-Ik -v k- n-se hn-hn- tPm-k^ - v (86) Um-ek - n¬ A- k-`mw-Ka - m-W.v `m-cy: s\-√n-hn-f- ¥-cn-®p. Xn-cp-h√
- Nm-Øt- ¶-cn
t°m-_m-b kp-dn-bm-\n ]-≈n [ I-Ωyq-Wn-‰n tIm-fP - p-If - n¬ ¥-cn-®p. Nn-ßh - \ - w Ip-gn-a‰ - w, bn¬ a-dn-bm-Ω. a-°ƒ: jn-_n hm-g∏
- d
- º
- n¬ Ip-Spw-_mw-Ka - m-
C-Sh- I- mw-Ka - m-bn-cp-∂p. aq-∂p ]- {]-^k - d - m-bpw Um-ek - v Iu- Nm-ep-th-en¬ Ip-Spw-_mw-Ka - m- (bp-F-kv-F), jo-_ (H-‰-∏m- Wv. `m-cy: A-∂Ω - Nm-t°m. a-
Xn-‰m-≠n-e[ - n-Ia - m-bn \yq-Pg- k -v n- ≠n P-bn-en-se ]m¿-°e -v m≥-Uv bn- c p- ∂ p. sF- ] n- k n sl- ew), jn-Pp h¿-Ko-kv (U-bd - - °ƒ B-eo-kv tXm-ak - v (Hm-I-v
bn¬ Xm-ak - n-°p-∂, bm-t°m- tlm-k] v- n-‰e - n¬ am-\k - n-Im- t{_m≥ Um-ek - v k-`mw-Ka - m-bn- Œ¿ au-≠v kn-tbm¨ sa-Un- e-tlm-a), ^n-∂n Nm-t°m (\yq-
_m-b kp-dn-bm-\n k-`m A-ta- tcm-Ky sse-kW - m-bn tk-h- cp-∂p. 1995 ¬ - A-ta-cn-°b - n¬ °¬ tIm-tf-Pv A-Sq¿). a-cp-a- tbm¿-°v).
cn-°≥ `-{Zm-k\ - `-cW - k - a - n-Xn- \-a\
- p-jT v n-®p h-cn-Ib - p-am-bn-cp- ÿn-c Xm-ak - w B-°p-∂X - n-\v °ƒ: ]-∂n-hn-g N-cp-hn-f ]p-
I-fn¬ k-Po-h km-∂n-[y-am-b ∂p. `m-cy: kq-k≥ h¿-Ko-kv ap≥-]v cm-Pÿ - m-\n¬ 30 h¿- Ø≥-ho-ń¬ _m-_p (bp-Fk - -v s]-cp-h:]m-td-°m-ń¬ tXm-a-
km-Pq ]u-tem-kv am-tcm-Øn-s‚ (bp-Sn ku-Øv sh-Ãv ). a-°ƒ: jw ssl-kI -v qƒ A-[ym-]n-I- F), H-‰∏- m-ew _-sY¬ tPm-b-v kv (68) A-¥c - n-®p. F-k_ v- n-
(`-{Zm-k\ - ap≥ {S-jd - ¿) A-Ω- A-en-k¨ h¿-Ko-kk - v (Um- bm-bn tk-h\ - w sN-bX -v n-cp-∂p. k¨ tXm-ak - ,v s]-Æp-°c - h- sF sse-^v A-Us - sz-kd - m-bn-
bm-W.v ]m-ºm-°p-S ]-≈n-Øm- e-kv Iu-≠n), B≥-{Uq h¿- D-Zb
- ] - q¿ ^n-eZ- ¬-^y s^-tem- en-b-]-d-ºn¬ ]o-kv _w-•m- cp-∂p. `m-cy: Ro-gq¿ \-Sp-∏d - -
g-Øv Ip-Spw-_mw-Ka - m-Wv ta-cn.a- Ko-kv. k-tlm-Zc - ß
- ƒ:F-en- jn-∏v N¿-®k - v Hm-^v C-¥ym k- hn¬ en≥-kn jn-Pp. ºn¬ A-Ωn-Wn tXm-a-kv. a-
°ƒ : km-Pp am-tcm-Ø,v tam≥- k-_Ø - v (_o-\), _n-Pp h¿- `-If - p-sS {]m-cw-` {]-h¿-ØI - - °ƒ: F-_n≥ tXm-ak - v (Zp-_m-
kn am-tcm-Øv (C-cp-hc - pw bp- Ko-k,v tUm . tXm-ak - v (t_m- cn¬ H-cm-fpw P-\d - ¬ sk-{I-´- Ip-ac - I - w:h-S° - Ø - v ho-ń¬ A- bv), t_m-_n≥ tXm-ak - v (Im-
F-kF -v ). a-cp-a° - ƒ : en-√n ]u- _n) h¿-Ko-kv - lq-Ã¨ . dn-bpw B-bn-cp-∂ `¿-Øm-hv ]m- Ωn-Wn sN-dn-bm≥ (93) A-¥- \-U). a-cp-a°
- ƒ: tem¨-kn,
tem-kv, sk-en≥ ]u-tem-kv Ã¿ F.Fw. tPm-k^ - n-t\m-sSm- cn-®p.]p-Xp-∏≈ - n Hm-Xd- b - n¬ Ip- ssl-Zn (C-cp-hc - pw sIm-®n).
(C-cp-hc - pw bp-kF -v ). sIm-®p-a- Ip-ac - I
- w:aq-eb
- n¬ t{X-kym-Ω ∏w D-Øc - `m-cX - Ø - n-se t{]- Spw-_mw-Ka - m-Wv. `¿-Øm-hv: ]-
°ƒ : a-eo-º, sa¬-hn≥, sa-do- tXm-ak - v (75)A-¥c - n-®p. I-´® - n- jn-X {]-h¿-Ø\ - Ø - n¬ ]-¶m- tc-X\ - m-b h¿-§o-kv sN-dn-bm≥. hm-I-Øm-\w:_n-F-kv-F≥-
\, a-\o-j, ta-K sa≥-kn, tPm¨ d tXm-´∏ - p-dw Ip-Spw-_mw-Ka - m- fn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ]-tc-X-\m-b a-°ƒ: h¿-§o-kv sN-dn-bm≥, F¬ tIm-´b - w dn-´. F-kU v- n-
k-tlm-Zc - ß - ƒ : A-∂Ω - am- Wv. `¿-Øm-h:v Fw.sF tXm-a- tUm.tXm-ak - v am-Xyp-hn-s‚ t\- tPm¿-Pv hn. sN-dn-bm≥ (bp-F- C B-ip-]-{Xn-∏-Sn A-ºm-Sn-
Xyp (C-¥y), sI. Fw. tPm¨ kv. a-°ƒ: A-Pb - v (Zp-_m-b)v , ‰o-hv an-jW - d - n aq-hs v- a‚n¬ 23 kv), tXm-ak - v hn. sN-dn-bm≥ bn¬ Sn.sI.Ir-jW -v ≥-Ip-ń (78)
(dn-´. sI-Fk - B
-v ¿-Sn-kn), sI. A-\o-jv (Zp-_m-b)v , A-\q-]v (Hm- h¿-jw k-Po-h {]-h¿-ØI - c - m- (dn-´. hm-´¿ A-tXm-dn-‰n), tj¿- A-¥c - n-®p.`m-cy: F≥.F≥. cm-
Fw. Ip-cn-bm-t°m-kv (dn-´. So- kvt- {S-en-b), A≥-kp (bp-Fk - )v . bn-cp-∂p Ip-Spw-_w. a-°ƒ: B- fn, sa-dn. a-cp-a° - ƒ: Ip-™p- [-Ωmƒ (dn-´. F-CH - , tIm-´b - w
®¿), sI. Fw. h¿-Ko-kv (bp- a-cp-a°
- ƒ: c-ay \o-te-‰v tIm-´- eo-kv am-Xyp, am-Xyp tPm-k^ - .v tamƒ tX-t°-]p-cb - °
v- ¬ Nm- sh-Ã)v . a-°ƒ: A-Pn-Xv sI. A-
sI), G-en-bm-kv a-Øm-bn (bp- bw, eo-\m ]-®\ - m¬ aq-hm-‰p- a-cp-a°- ƒ: sP-bnw-kv am-Xyp, ta- Ø≥-Ic - n, Hm-a\ - ]o-Sn-Ib - n¬ ºm-Sn (\-gk v- n-Mv kq-{]-≠v K-
F-kF v- ), im-¥ tPm-bn (dn-´. ]p-g, ª-kn sX-°\ - m-Sv cm-a]
- p- gvk
- n tXm-ak - .v sIm-®p a-°ƒ: (bp-Fk - v), \o-\ \m-h≈ - n-If
- - h.B-bp¿-th-Z B-ip-]{- Xn N-
So-®¿), G-en-bm-kv h¿-Ko-kv cw, {Ko≥ sN-Ωe - I - p-gn sXm-Sp- sP-kn-°, tPm-km-bm, B-c¨. Øn¬ tN-∂¶ - c - n, C-ń H. Nm- ß-\m-ti-cn), A-cp¨ sI. A-
(hm-fI - w). ]p-g. ≠n C-S° - c - n D-∏q-ń¬ (dn-´. a- ºm-Sn (Pq-\n-b¿ sl¬-Øv C≥-
Ip-∏°- b
- w:ssX-°S- h
- n¬ eo- t\m-ca - ), sIm-®p-tam≥ A-t©- kvs
- ]-Œ¿, ]-\® - n-°m-S)v . a-cp-a-
\m-ep-tIm-Sn:D-cp-tf-]-d-ºn¬ Ip-dp-ap-≈q¿:I-Æm-t»-cn-bn¬ em-aW
- n (58) A-¥c- n-®p. `¿- cn¬ (\-º¿ h¨ {Sm-h¬-k)v . °ƒ: sI.]n. c-Pp-e (]-¥f - w),
B‚-Wn em-k¿ (63) A-¥c - n- sI.bp. tPm-kv (74) A-¥c - n-®p. Øm-h:v tPm-bn. sI.Fw. a-RP -v p (hm-IØ - m-\w).
®p. `m-cy: am-∂m¿ ]-cp-ae- Xm- a-We - p-¶¬:ap-≠≥-Ip-∂v ]u-
gv-N-bn¬ eq-kn B‚-Wn. a- Iq-S√- q¿:]-S\ -v au-≠v t^m¿-´v sN-ss∂:tIm-´b - w A-co-°c - Δ-Øp-]d - º
- n¬ (Iq-tcm-∏S- ) hn- am-∂m¿:Xq-ºp-¶¬ A-®m-Ω
°ƒ: B≥-{Uq-k,v en-\n-b. {_-tZ-gk -v v Hm-^v sk‚ v K-{_n- ]m-Øn-°¬ ho-ń¬ ]n.sI.am- ap-‡-`-S≥ ]n.F.sN-dn-bm≥ G-{_-lmw (94) A-¥c - n-®p. C-
tb¬ k-`mw-Kw {_-Z¿ Ip-cym- Xyp (85) ]-√m-h-cw sh-‰-d≥ (79) A-¥c - n-®p. . `m-cy: A¬- c-hn-t]-cq¿ sIm-‰p-im-en¬ Ip-
sIm-√∏ - ≈
- n:sam-Sq¿ t{X-kym- t°m-kv (81) A-¥c - n-®p. au- sse≥-kn-se h-kX - n-bn¬ A- t^m≥-km (aq-ßm-am-°¬). a- Spw-_mw-Ka - m-W.v- `¿-Øm-hv: ]-
Ω sk-_m-Ãy≥ (97) A-¥c - n- ≠v t^m¿-´v {_-tZ-gk -v v dm-©n ¥-cn-®p. `m-cy: ]m-em I-≠- °ƒ: _n-\p, _n-\n, _n-\n¬. tc-X-\m-b sN-dn-bm≥ G-{_-
®p. ]m-em I-≠Ø - n¬ Ip-Spw- t{]m-hn≥-kn-s‚ hn-hn-[ kvI - q- Øn¬ ta-cn. a-°ƒ: tPm-k^ - ,v a-cp-a°
- ƒ: kn-\n sN-dp-]d- º - n¬ lmw. a-°ƒ: sP-bv\ - Ω - , kq-
_mw-Ka - m-Wv. `¿-Øm-hv: ]-tc- fp-If
- n¬ {]n≥-kn-∏¬ B-bn-cn- ^m. tPm¨ Ip-cy≥, tXm-ak - .v (ao-\S- w), tPm-kv {]-Im-iv X-Æn- kn, km-_p (]-cp-Øpw-]m-d),
X-\m-b tZ-hk - ym-®≥. a-°ƒ: ∂n-´p-≠.v sN-ń-bm-Øv ]-tc-X- a-cp-a°
- ƒ: B-\n, en-√n. ∏m-d (I-´® - n-d), eu-en a-©m-Sn- tP-°_ - ,v en- n. a-cp-a°- ƒ: sh-
Ip-ń-bΩ- , a-Ø® - ≥, tPm-k,v cm- cm-b kn.sI. am-Xyp-hn-s‚-bpw bn¬ (Ip-dp-hm-ap-gn). ≈q-Øp-cp-Øn ]p-≈p-th-en-bv-
Pp, h¬-kΩ - , _m-_p, Hm-a\ - , ta-cn-bp-sS-bpw a-I-\m-Wv. k- sIm-√m-S:v Cu-cm-fn¬ a-dn-bm-Ω °¬ ]-tc-X\ - m-b tam-\m-®≥,
P-bΩ- , B-\n-bΩ - , km-_p, km- tlm- Z - c - ß ƒ: ]- t c- X - \ m- b (Hm-a\
- - 70) A-¥c - n-®p. Ip-am-c\- √
- q¿:C-fb- n-SØ
- v aT- h-≈w-Ip-fw Ip-dp-∏≥-]d - º
- n¬
P≥, ]-tc-Xc - m-b t_-_n, hn¬- kn.Fw. A- e - I v - k m- ≠ ¿, Øn¬ Un.eo-em-aW - n-bΩ - (78) ]-tc-X\ - m-b A-\n-b≥, sN-ß-
k¨. a-cp-a° - ƒ: ]-tc-X\ - m-b kn.Fw. tPm-kv, P-bnw-kv, h- C-c-hn-\-√q¿:]p-Xp-∏-≈n Xr- A-¥c - n-®p. `¿-Øm-h:v dn-´. t]m- fw ]-´t- »-cn¬ ssj-e, Hm-Xd -
ssa-°nƒ Ip-∂pw ]p-dw (sIm- ’ ap-tØm-eØ - ,v tkm-^n ]m- t°m-Xa - w-Ke- w hm-g° - m-em cm- Ãv am- Ã ¿ ]- t c- X - \ m- b C-fI- p-‰q¿ tam-fn-°p-ń, Ip-dn-®n
√-∏-≈n), eo-em-Ω Ip-cy-Øv ®n-°c - , eo-km N-°m-eb - °-v ¬, P-Ω tPm¨ (80) A-¥c - n-®p. F.sI.\m-cm-bW - ≥. a-Iƒ: te- Ip-∂p-Xd - ssk-a¨.
(cm-a]- p-cw), B-eo-kv h-´p-Ip- kn-dn-bI - .v sIm-√m-Sv ]p-fn-tb-cn¬ Ip-Spw- J ]n. Ip-am¿. a-cp-aI- ≥: F-k.v
t∂¬ (cm-a] - p-cw), en-√n-°p-ń _mw- K - a m- W v . `¿- Ø m- h v : {]-k-∂-Ip-am¿ (dn-´. t]m-Ãv- ]q-™m¿:]-øm-\n-tØm-´w th-
Ip-∂pw-]p-dØ - v (Xo-t°m-bn), tIm-´b- w:am-∂m¿ Ip-gn-Im-e I- ]n.tPm¨. a-°ƒ: jo-e k-Po- am≥, sl-Uv t]m-Ãv Hm-^n-kv ew-]d- º
- n¬ k-lt- Z-h≥ (am-\n-
en-k tIm-et- ©-cn (am-Wn-Iy- ∂n-tΩ¬ sI.sP. sF-∏v (Ip- hv I-≠a - p-≠m-en¬ (A-ba -v \ - w), tIm-´b- w). 94) A-¥c - n-®p. `m-cy: ]q-™m¿
aw-Ke- w), an-\n am-ºd - (tN-∂- ™q-™9-v 2) A-¥c - n-®p. `m-cy: jo-\p tPm¨ ({Sm≥-ka -v s
- sd≥ sh-≈m-cw-]m-db - °v- ¬ X-¶Ω - .
¶-cn), hn¬-k¨ h-en-b-Im- ]-tc-Xb
- m-b tdm-kΩ - . a-°ƒ: {Kq-∏v sN-ss∂), jn-_p tPm¨ ssh-°w:B-dm-´v Ip-f-ß-c F-kv-F≥-Un-]n tbm-Kw ]q-
∏n¬ (sIm-√∏ - ≈ - n), sk-en≥ tUm. en-_n tPm-k^ - v (t\-{X ({Sm≥-kv-a-ssd≥ {Kq-∏v sN- tKm-]\- n-hm-kn¬ tKm-]≥ (50) ™m¿ im-J {S-jd - d
- m-bn-cp-∂p.
]q-h-tØ-´v (a-Æ-bv-°-\m-Sv), tcm-K hn-`m-Kw tIm-´b - w sa-Un- ss∂). a-cp-a° - ƒ: k-Po-hv kn. A-¥c - n-®p. ]n.sI.cm-PΩ - b- p-sS
km-_p ap-fh - \ - m¬ (B-ep-h), °¬ tIm-tf-P)v , tPm¨ sF- am-Wn (U-b-d-Œ¿ Hmƒ sk- a-I\
- m-W.v `m-cy: F-k.v A-\p. D-≈-\m-Sv:ta-\m-t®-cn¬ Ip-
jm-Pn ]q-h° - p-fw (ta-hS- ), t_- ∏v (_-ls -v sd≥). bn‚ k -v v tIm-fP - v ku-Øv B- a-°ƒ: {io-e£ - a -v n, Ku-\n-I. ™m-Kk - Xv- n (65) A-¥c - n-®p.
_n-®≥ tXm-W° - c
- (sIm-gp-h- {^n-°), Zo-] jo-\p ]q-hØ - pw- `m-cy: \o-d-¥m-\w tIm-gn-°p-
\m¬), a-©p a-©p-hn-√ (tN¿- G-‰p-am-\q¿:sX-t°¬ (sN-ºq- aq-ń¬ (hm-IØ - m-\w), jn-Pp Xn-cp-h-©q¿:]m-≠n-am-°¬ t∂¬ F¬-kΩ - . a-°ƒ: Pn-
Ø-e), _n-∂n h-´° - p-t∂¬ fm-bn¬ ]m-em) Im¿-tem-kv tZ- jn-_p tXm-ab - °-v ¬ (a-™n-\n- G-en-bm-Ω sN-dn-bm≥ (X-¶Ω
- - tPm, P-tym-Xn. a-cp-aI
- ≥: _n-Pp
(ss]-I). h-kym (87) A-¥c - n-®p. °-c). 73) A-¥c - n-®p. sN-cI- ∂
- Ø- v (aq-hm-‰p-]p-g).
NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023 
  61
hn-hm≥ kp-μ-cw A-¥-cn-®p
jnw-e: hn-Jym-X-I-em-Im-c≥
hn-hm≥ kp-μc - w (79) A-¥c - n-
®p. U¬-ln-bn-se kz-Im-cy B-
ip-]{- Xn-bn¬ _p-[\ - m-gN -v b - m-bn-
cp-∂p A-¥yw. hn-{ip-XI - e - m-Im-
cn-bm-bn-cp-∂ A-ar-X sj¿-Kn-en-
s‚ A-\¥ - c - h - \ - m-Wv kp-μc - w.
I-em-Nc - n-{X-Im-cn-bpw \n-cq-]I - -
bp-am-b Ko-X I-]q¿ `m-cy-bm-W.v
t_m-Ã¨: hm-gb - n¬ _m-_p Xm-ºm: sIm-®o-cn-bw Ip-cym- Nn-°m-tKm : en-√n h¿-°n Nn-{X-I-e, in-ev-]-\n¿-am-Ww,
eq-t°m-kn-s‚ `m-cy Pm-\‰ - v eq- t°m-kv a-Wt- e¬ (93), ^vt- em- (90) C-√n-t\m-bn-bn¬ A-¥- t^m-t´m-{K-^n, C≥-Ãt- e-j≥,
t°m-kv, 53, t_m-ÃW - n¬ A- dn-Ub - n¬ A-¥c - n-®p. a-°ƒ: ta- cn-®p. F-ew-lk - d -v d- v sk‚ v {Kn- ho-Un-tbm B¿-´v Xp-Sß - n hn-
¥-cn-®p. tIm-´b - w C-Sh - g- n-°¬ cn-°p-ń am-Wn ]q-gn-°p-t∂¬ - tKm-dn-b-kv a-e-¶-c Hm¿-Ø- hn-[t- a-Je - I - f - n¬ hn-hm≥ kp-μc - w an-Ih - p-sX-fn-bn-®n-´p-≠.v C-
Ip-Spw-_mw-Ka - m-W.v a-°ƒ:km- (Xm-º); F¬-kn Ão-^≥ sXm- tUm-Ivk - v ]-≈n Aw-Kw kp- ¥y-bn-se hn-hn-[ \-Kc - ß - f - n-epw e-≠≥, ]m-co-k,v sSm-dt- ‚m,
dm, si-a-tbm≥ si-Ωm-i≥, ó¬(Xm-º); sU-bk -v n tPm-kv \n¬ h¿-°n-bp-sS A-Ωb - m-W.v tam¨-{Sn-b¬, hm≥-Iq-h¿, Bw-Ã¿-Umw, _p-Zm-s]-Ã,v tIm-∏≥-
km-°d - n. a-cp-aI - ≥: tPm¿-U≥. N-°p-¶¬(Xm-º); t{S-kn sP- s]m-Xp-Z¿-i\ - h - pw kw-kI v- m-c tl-K≥, \yq-tbm¿-°,v jn-°m-tKm, Um-ek - ,v tem-kv B-RP -v e - o-
Po-\ I-Æw-Xm-\Ø - ,v dm-∂n; G- bnw-kv a-Wn-ae - (Xm-º) km- ip-{ip-j-bp-sS B-Zy-`m-K-hpw kn-se t^m-f¿ ayq-kn-bw F-∂n-hn-Sß - f - n-epw tkm-tfm-{]-Z¿-i-
en-bm-kv C-Sh - g - n-°¬, tIm-´- en tPm-k^ - v am-cm-aw-Ke - w (Xm- G-{]n¬ 1 i-\n-bm-gN -v sk‚ v \-ßƒ \-SØ - n. l-hm-\, sPm-lm-\k - _ -v ¿-K,v Izm-MP -v p, Xm-bt-v ]-
bw F-∂n-h¿ k-tlm-Zc - c- m-W.v º); kn-_n & kva - n-X a-Wt- e¬ {Kn-tKm-dn-bk - v a-e¶ - c - Hm¿-Ø- bv, jm¿-P, jm-Ml -v m-b,v kn-U\ -v n, sk-hn-ø, s_¿-en≥ F-∂n-hn-
s]m-Xp-Z¿-i-\w: G-{]n¬ 4 - (\yq-tbm¿-°)v ; tdm-kn-en tPm- tUm-Ik -v v ]-≈n-bn¬ \S-∂p. S-ßf - n-se _n-\m-se-If - n-epw {_n-kt-v _-\n-se G-jy-]k - ^ - n-Iv
sNm-Δm-gN -v , 3:00 PM ap-X¬ 8:00 tPm Im-™n-cØ - n-¶¬ (Xm-º), kw-kI -v m-cw ]n-∂o-Sv sIm-®n-bn- {Sn-\m-se-bn-epw I-em-kr-„n-Iƒ {]-Z¿-in-∏n-®p.
PM h-sc: sk‚ v Ão-^≥-kv Iv- F-_n & an-\n a-Wt- e¬ (Xm- se F-≈w-Ip-fw sk‚ v {Kn-tKm- I-kp-en B¿-´v sk‚¿, tP-W¬ Hm-^v B¿-Sk -v v B≥-Uv sF-
\m-\m-b ]-≈n. º). dn-bk - v kn-dn-b≥ Hm¿-Øt- Um- Un-bm-kv, k-^Zv- ¿ l-ia v- n sa-tΩm-dn-b¬ {S-Ãv F-∂n-hb - p-sS
kw-kI -v m-c ip-{iq-j G-{]n¬ s]m-Xp-Z¿-i\ - w: G-{]n¬ 2, Rm- Ivk- v ]-≈n-bn¬. ÿm-]I - mw-Kh - pw sj¿-Kn¬ kp-μc - w B¿-´v û-t≠-js - ‚ am-
5 _p-[\ - m-gN v- , 9:00 AM ap-X¬ b¿, ssh-In-´v 6 ap-X¬ 9 h-sc; t\-Pn-Mv {S-Ãn-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p.
11:30 AM h-sc: sk‚ v Ão-^≥- 8 a-Wn-°v th-°v k¿-ho-kv B- I- f - Ø n- ∏ - S n:ln- μ p- ÿ m≥ 1943-¬ ln-am-N¬ {]-tZ-in-se jnw-eb - n¬ C-¥y≥ \n-ba - ° - Ω - n-
kv Iv\ - m-\m-b ]-≈n. cw-`n-°pw: s^¿-ń-sse-k¿ tIm- H - m-∏t- d- j≥ sN-b¿-am-\m-bn-cp-∂ I-eym¨ kp-μc - Ø - n-s‚-bpw C-μn-cm
kw-kI -v m-cw sk‚ v {_n-UP -v - tk-{I-Uv lm¿-´v Iv\ - m-\m-b Im- j≥ ap≥ sN-b¿-am-\pw am-t\- sj¿-Kn-en-s‚-bpw a-I\ - m-bn P-\\ - w. 1961-'65 Im-eØ - v h-tUm-Zc - -
‰vk
- v iva- i - m-\w, 254-304 t{K-‰v tdm- Ø-en-Iv s^m-tdm-\ ]-≈n, 3920 Pn-Mv U-bd- Œ - d- p-am-bn-cp-∂ C-©- bn-se Fw.F-k.v k¿-hI - e - m-im-eb - n¬-\n-∂v Nn-{X-Ie - ]Tn-®
Uv, sa-b\ v- m¿-Uv, Fw-F 01754. F-kv Inw-Kk -v v A-h\ - yq, {_m≥- °¬ sk-_m-Ãy≥ tP-°_ - v A-t±-lw, e-≠\ - n-se t…-Uv kvI - q-fn¬ Xp-S¿-hn-Zym-`ym-kw t\-
U≥, ^vt- em-dn-U 33511 (t_-_n- 92) A-¥c - n-®p. `m- Sn. 1971-¬ C-¥y-bn-te-°v a-Sß - n.
s]-cp-h:]m-td-°m-ń¬ t{X- kw-kI -v m-c ip-{iq-j: G-{]n¬ cy: h-Sb - m¿ ]m-e° - m-c≥ Ip- A-Sn-b¥ - c - m-hÿ - ° - m-eØ - v I-em-Im-c∑ - m-cp-sS-bpw hn-Zym¿-Yn-
kym-Ω A-KÃ - n≥ (88) A-¥- 4 sNm-Δm-gN v- cm-hn-se 09 a- ™-Ω. a-Iƒ: ku-an-\n (bp- I-fp-sS-bpw kw-LS- \ - I - f - p-am-bn tN¿-∂v ]-cn-]m-Sn-If - pw {]-Xn-tj-
cn-®p. A-dp-\q-‰n-aw-Ke
- w ]m-e® - p- Wn. F-k)v . [-ßf - pw kw-LS- n-∏n-®p. B-Zy sIm-®n-ap-kn-cn-kv _n-\m-se-bn¬
h-ń¬ Ip-Spw-_mw-Ka - m-Wv. `¿- iva
- i- m-\ ip-{iq-j: Iv\ - m-\m-b hn-hm≥ 'ªm-°v tKmƒ-U'v F-∂ C≥-Ãt- e-j≥ {]-Z¿-in-∏n-®n-cp-
Øm-h:v ]-tc-X\ - m-b A-KÃ - n≥. Im-Øe - n-Iv Km¿-U≥-kv (ln¬- ]m-°n¬:sIm-®p-]d- º - n¬ ]m- ∂p. ap-kn-cn-kn¬-\n-∂-v J-\\ - w sN-bs -v X-Sp-Ø, a¨-]m-{X-ßf - p-
a-°ƒ: eo-em-Ω, t{K-kn, Ip- kv_ - t- dm sa-tΩm-dn-b¬ ^yq-W- ∏n-bΩ - (85) A-¥c - n-®p. am-ßm- sS A-hi - n-„ß - f - m-Wv C-Xn-\m-bn D-]t- bm-Kn-®n-cp-∂X - .v C-t∏mƒ
cy≥, tPm-bn, tPm-k^ - .v a-cp-a- d¬ tlmw) {_m≥-U≥, ^v- \w B-e∏ - p-dØ - v Ip-Spw-_mw-K- sIm-®n-bn-epw jm¿-Pb - n-epw \-S° - p-∂ _n-\m-se-bn-epw hn-hm-
°ƒ: tPm-k^ - ,v am-Ø® - ≥, X- tem-dn-U 33511 am-W.v `¿-Øm-h:v ]-tc-X\ - m-b s‚ C≥-Ãt- e-j≥ {]-Z¿-i\ - Ø - n-\p-≠.-v
¶-Ω, sP- n, sP≥-kn. \m-cm-bW - ≥. a-°ƒ: h-’Ω - , A-XX - v Im-eL - ´- ß - f - n-se km-aq-ln-I{- ]-i\ -v ß - s - f A-`n-kw-t_m-
Ip-dp-ap-≈q¿:Ip-‰n-hf - t- ®¬ A- ]-tc-X\ - m-b tam-l≥, cm-P∏ - ≥, [-\ sN-øp-∂X - m-Wv hn-hm-s‚ kr-„n-Iƒ. 1991-se 'F≥-Pn≥ Hm-
ssh-° {]-bm¿:hr-μm-h≥ ho- ¥-cn-® sI.Sn.ssk-aW - n- (75) k-en, jm-Pn. a-cp-a° - ƒ: ]-tc- bn¬' F-∂ ]-cº - c - F-Æh - n-`h - ß - f - p-sS \n-b{- ¥-Ww t\-Sm≥
ń¬ hm-kp-°p-´≥ (73) A-¥- A-¥c - n-®p. tIm-´b- w sS-Ik -v -v X-\m-b cm-L-h≥, h-’-Ω, C-dm-Jn¬ bp.F-k.v \-SØ - p-∂ B-{I-aW - s - Ø-bm-Wv Nn-{Xo-Ic - n-
cn-®p. Ip-´\
- m-Sv an-{X-°c - n I-√n- ss‰¬ ap≥ D-Zt- ym-Kÿ - ≥ B- tkm-an-\n, ssj-\n, B-i. ®-X.v 1993-se an-Ik -v U - v ao-Un-b C≥-Ãt- e-j\ - m-b 'sa-tΩm-dn-
\-Sn-bn¬ Ip-Spw-_mw-Ka - m-W.v `m- Wv. `m-cy: C-St- °m-en ap-{]m-∏- b¬' t_mw-s_-Ie - m-]Ø - n-\v C-cb - m-bh - ¿-°v sF-Iy-Zm¿-Vyw
cy: h¬-ke - Ip-am-cn. a-°ƒ: ≈n-bn¬ G-en-bm-Ω. a-°ƒ: I-cq¿:sh-≈a - ‰ - Ø - n¬ G-en- {]-Jym-]n-®p. {Sm-jv (2004 ap-X¬ 2013 h-sc) F-∂ ]-cº - c - \-K-
hn-t\m-Z,v hn-th-I.v jo-\ (bp-sI), jn-_n (F-k-v bm-Ω tZ-hk - ym (67) A-¥c - n- c-Zr-iy-ßs - f-bpw k-ºZ- v hy-hÿ - s - b-bpw Ip-dn-®v A-t\z-jn-°p-
F-®v au-≠)v , kn-an (Im-\U - ). ®p. a-°ƒ: Pn-\p, A-∏p. a-cp-a- ∂-Xm-Wv.
N-ß-\m-t»-cn:B-\-μm-{i-a- a-cp-a°- ƒ: em-ep eq-t°m-kv \n- Iƒ: U-b\ - .
Øn-\p k-ao-]w In-g-t°-]-d- I¿-Øn¬ (I-Æ¶ - c- ), a-t\m-Pv s]m≥-Ip-∂w:]p-fn-°¬ Pn-Pn sI-gp-hw-Ip-fw:πm-∏≈ - n¬ tKm-
ºn¬ kp-tc-{μ≥ (68) A-¥c - n- am-te-]d - º
- n¬ (F-kF v- ®- v au- ssh-°w:B-dm-´p-Ip-fß - c - \m- (_n≥- k n t_- h ≥ Pn- P n- 5 2) A- ]n \m- c m-b W
- ≥ (91) A-¥c - n-
®p. `m-cy: A-Pn-X. a-°ƒ: kp- ≠v), tPm-tam≥ Ip-∂Ø - v (sN- bv° - c - » - aTw ho-ń¬ sI.]-c- ¥- c n-
® p. tIm- X a
- w- K e
- w A- b n- ®p. a-Iƒ: k-‘y A-\n-j.v a-cp-
Pn-Ø,v kp-an-X, kp-Pn-X. a-cp-a- dp-Ic- ). ta-iz-c≥ (78) A-¥c - n-®p. `m- cq¿-∏m-Sw C-√n-∏d - º - n¬ Ip-Spw- a-I≥: A-\n-jv a-™m-¶¬ s\-
°ƒ: a-©p, tPm-tPm, D-√m-k.v cy: A-Ωn-Wn. a-°ƒ: k-Po-j,v _mw-Ka - m-W.v `¿-Øm-h:v am-Xyp øq¿.
ap-´p-Nn-d:G-‰p-am-\q-°m-c≥ (]- I-te-jv, {io-Ie - . a-cp-a° - ƒ: tPm-k^ - .v a-°ƒ: sP-dn am-Xyp,
Im-hpw-I-≠w:]m-td-Ωm-°¬ cym-Øp-]d - º - n¬) ta-cn Ip-cy≥ sI.Pn.ko-a, c-Pn-Xt- amƒ, k- Pq- e n am- Xyp. fm-°m-´q¿:ap-ft- ßm-´v Ip-fØ - p-
Ip-ń-bΩ
- (73) A-¥c - n-®p. \o- (90) A-¥c - n-®p. C-e™ - n Ip-co- Zm-\μ - ≥ ]p-Xp-am-e° - p-gn. ¶¬ In- g t
- °- X n¬ Fw.F≥.
eq¿ X-®m-ºp-dØ
- v Ip-Spw-_m-K- Ø-Sw Ip-Spw-_mw-K-am-Wv. `¿- A-co-∏d- º - :v I-fØ - q¿-Ip-t∂¬ hm-kp-tZ-h≥ \m-b¿ (98) A-
am-W.v `¿-Øm-h:v ]n.F. h¿-Ko- Øm-h:v ]-tc-X\ - m-b ]n.sP.Ip- Nn-ß-h-\w:]m-e-°p-Sn-bn¬ sI.sI. tI- i h
- ≥ (88) A-¥- ¥-cn-®p. `m-cy: Xp-≠n-bn¬ ]-
kv.a-°ƒ: ssj-\n, jo-\, tPm- cy≥. a-°ƒ: h-’Ω - am-Xyp, A-∂Ω - am-Xyp (80) A-¥c - n- cn-® p. `m- c y: ]- t c- Xb - m-b `m¿- tc-Xb - m-b X-¶Ω - .
kv, dm-Wn. t{K-kn tPm¿-P,v tdm-kn-en hn≥- ®p. `¿-Øm-hv: ]-tc-X-\m-b K-h n. a- ° ƒ: im- ¥ Ω
- , ]-tc-X-
k‚ ,v tPm-kv kn-dn-bI - ,v Ip-™p- ]n.sI.am-Xyp. \m-b Zm-k≥, cm-PΩ - , jn-_p, ]m-ºm-Sn sh-≈q¿:A-Æm-Sn-
]m-ºm-Sn:hn-Zym-`ym-k h-Ip-∏v tam≥ kn-dn-bI - ,v tPm¿-Pv kn-dn- jm-Pn. th-en¬ A-tim-Iv \-Kd - n¬ h-
dn-´. U-]yq-ń U-bd - Œ- ¿ Ip-gn-a- b-I,v _n-μp tXm-ak - .v a-cp-a° - ƒ: C-ch - n-\√ - q¿:I-cn-º∂ - q¿ h-∂- S- t °- S Ø
- v hn.Fw.am- X yq- kv (77)
‰w Im- ™ n- c - Ø pw- a q- ´ n¬ ]n.hn.am-Xyp ]-≈Ø - v (G-gm-t®- e ap-´-Øp-X-d-bn¬ cm-P-Ω ssZ- h w- ] S
- n:aT- Ø n- \ m¬ tZ- h - A- ¥ c
- n-® p.
sI.sI.tP-°_ - v (Ip-™q-™- cn), kn.Fw.tPm¿-Pv ap-cn-°≥ ss\-\m≥ (69) A-¥c - n-®p. `¿- ky a-Øm-bn (82) A-¥c - n-®p.
®≥-84) A-¥c - n-®p. `m-cy: Ip-∂w- (ap-´p-Nn-d), ]n.sP.hn≥-k‚ v ]m- Øm-h:v Fw.hn. ss\-\m≥ ]m-ºm-Sn:Ip-∏-Øm-\w a-Wn-
Ip-fw Ip-∂Ø - pw-Ic - h¬-ke - e-Øn-¶¬(Ip-dh - n-eß - m-S)v , Pm ]m-bn-∏m-Sv:Xr-s°m-Sn-Øm-\w b≥ (78) A-¥c - n-®p. `m-cy: Im-
tP-°_ - v (dn-´. {]-[m-\m-[ym-]n- ≥-kn tPm-kv Nn-db - n¬ (G-‰p- hn-fb - w-tIm-S:v a-We - pw-]p-dw ]- hym-]m-cn hy-hk - m-bn tIm Hm- cn-°p-gn ]p-Xp-h¬ ]-tc-Xb - m-b
I a-e∏ - p-dw I-Sp-ß] - p-cw F-®-v am-\q¿), a-RP -v p tP-°_ - v Nn-{Xw- tc-X\ - m-b tXm-ak - n-s‚ a-I≥ ∏-td-‰o-hv _m-¶v D-Zt- ym-Kÿ - Ip- I-ae - Ω - . a-°ƒ:Pn-Ωn-®≥ (ku-
F-kF -v k - )v . a-Iƒ: k-_o-\. a- ]-≈n-bn¬ ({_-“a - w-Ke - w), Po- sI-Fk - C -v _ - n dn-´. Hm-h¿-ko- t∂¬-∏d - º - n¬ tPm-an tPm-k- Zn), ssj-\n, ]-tc-X\ - m-b kp-
cp-aI- ≥: hn≥-sk‚ v tXm-ak - v \tPm¿-Pv A-d-bv-°-∏-d-ºn¬ b¿ Fw.Sn.k-Æn (59) A-¥- ^v (34) A- ¥ c
- n- ® p. tPm- k ^
- v [o- j .
v a- c p-a °
- ƒ: Sn.kn.km- P≥
πm-aq-ń¬ ]p-Ø≥-ho-Sv (a-e∏ - p- (Im-™n-cØ - m-\w), tXm-ak - v Ip- cn-®p. `m-cy: A-\n-X. a-I≥: A- tXm- a k
- n-
s ‚- b pw a- d n- b m- Ω tPm- (d- _ t
v
- °m), _n- μ p (th- Z K
- n-cn,
dw). cy≥ N-°m-e- (A-Xn-cº - p-g). \p-cq-].v k- ^ n- s ‚- b pw a- I f
- m- W .v G- ‰ p-a m- \ q¿), kv a
- n-X (]- d m¬).
62 NERKAZHCHA
VOL.07, ISSUE. 03 ■ APRIL 02-08, 2023

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THE NATIONAL NEWS WEEKLY OF MALAYALEES

NERKAZHCHA WEEKLY NEWSPAPER1

tb-ip-{In-kX -v p-hn-s‚ P-dp-kt- ew {]-th-i\ - Ø- n-s‚ kva - c

C-¥y a-te-jy hym-]m-cw; B¿ -F¬ -hn ]-co-£-Ww

]-cn-ÿn-Xn -tKm-X-ºv- tπ-‰v-, 

   a-Xn-bm-b {]o-an-bw t]-bs

 °m≥ A-h¿ \n-ßf - n¬ \n-∂v Iq-Sp-X¬ ]-Ww Cu-

]-I¬ P-Uv-Pn, cm-{Xn t]m¨-Xm-cw, 

k-Ω¿-Z-Øn-em-bm¬ sN-Sn-Iƒ kw-km-cn-°pw, -I-c-bpw

 \n¿-am-Ww ic-thKw

a-Wn-°q-dn¬ 100 In.ao th-Kw; tI-c-f-Øn-\v kv-{Xo-I-fp-sS hn-hm-l-{]m-bw D-b¿-Øp-∂-Xn-s\

k-ky-^w-K-kv _m-[ a-\p-jy-cn-te-°pw; -B-Zy ÿn-co-I-c-Ww sIm¬-°-Ø-bn¬

 °p-sa-∂ hn-izm-kØ

Iq-Sm-c-Øn-ep-d-ßn t\-Sn-b-Xv 7.6 tIm-Sn

I-S-Ω-\n-´-bp-sS "Ip-d-Øn'°v Np-a¿-Nn-{X-am-bv ]p-\¿-P-∑w

\-tc-{μ-tam-Zn-bp-sS hn-Zym-`ym-k tbm-Ky-X 

Io-g-S-ßn-s√-∂v A-ar-Xv-]m¬ kn-M,v ≈¬ I-s≠-Øp-∂X

- m-\n-Iv H-_k -v ¿-th-

\yq-U¬-ln: J-en-kX -v m≥ hm-Zn-bpw Xo-{h-aX - {- ]-`m-jI - -

 √ F-∂ h-kX -v p-X H-cp-Zm-lc

- n-s‚ A-Sc - p-Iƒ-

- Xp-ey-amw h-{P Zo-]X

( t]m-fn-jv I-hn kn-{]n-bm≥ t\m¿-hn-Uv

/ Film -Ashes and Diamonds)

jy≥ Nm-bzp-≈ ]m¿-´n `m-ch - m-ln-Is - f B-t£-]n- \n-Xy hn-Pb

C-∂-sk‚ n-\v \n-d-I-Æp-I-tfm-sS hn-S-sNm-√n tI-c-fw

tUm. tN-cm-h-≈n i-in

F∂ t\mh¬ t\¿ImgvN ]{XØn¬ DS≥ {]kn≤oIcWamcw`n°p∂p.

H-∂p-an-√. ]-Xn-hv co-Xn-If

MATRIMONIAL: SEEKING BRIDE

VARGHESE INSURANCE AGENCY

 B-sfm-≠,v C-hn-sS-bpw B-sfm-≠v !.

abcdefghijkl Ip-sd-sbm-s° am-dn-°n-´pw. tPm-en-Im-cy-

\£-{X-^ew I-gn-bpw. Ip-Spw-_Ø

■ Spouse filling support

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