Government Polytechnic, Solapur

Micro-project proposal on
Bluetooth and it’s architecture
For
Wireless and mobile Network(WMN)

Submitted by:-

Roll.no Name Enroll.No

06 Sneha Mahindrakar. 2000150176
36 Manasi Swadde. 2000150209
50 Sakshi Swami. 2000150225
59 Anupama Jadhav. 2000150234
To Respected,
Prof.Vidya Gaikwad, mam
Form,Deperment of Informatation
Technology(IF).
3rd Year,IF6I
 PART A

Bluetooth and it’s architecture

Tittle of project:-
Bluetooth and It’s architecture.
Aim Of project:-
Bluetooth is a standard and communications protocol
primarily designed for low power consumption, with a short
range (power-class-dependent: 1m, 10m, 100m) based on
low-cost transceiver microchips in each device. Bluetooth
makes it possible for these devices to communicate with each
other when they are in range.

Course Outcome:-
 . Understand Bluetooth’s standards, architecture and
operation.
 Understand the APls,radio interface used by Bluetooth.
 Configure Bluetooth-enabled devices including mobile
phones, PDAs and access points.
 Install and configure Blutooth hardware and software
  Configure LAN access,remote access and FAX gateway
access point solutions using Bluetooth.
 Understand the Protocol layers used by Bluetooth.

Actual Methodology:-
 Selection of Topic.
 Discussion and planning with team member.
 Distribution of the responsibility.
 Search and collection of information related to
project.
 Sequencing the collected information.
 Creating Report and PPT.
 Presentation and Submission.
 PART B
Tittle Of Project:-
Bluetooth and It’s architecture.

Introduction:-
Bluetooth is a network technology that connects
mobile devices wirelessly over a short-range to
form a personal area network (PAN). They use
short-wavelength, ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio
waves within the range 2.400 to 2.485 GHz, instead
of RS-232 data cables of wired PANs.

 Features of Bluetooth

 Bluetooth technology was released in 1999 as

Bluetooth 1.0, by Special Interest Group (SIG)
who continues to manage it.

 Mobile computing devices and accessories are

connected wirelessly by Bluetooth using short-
range, low-power, inexpensive radios.

 UHF radio waves within the range of 2.400 to

2.485 GHz are using for data communications.
 A PAN or a piconet can be created by
Bluetooth within a 10 m radius.

 Presently, 2 to 8 devices may be connected.

 Bluetooth protocols allow devices within the

range to find Bluetooth devices and connect
with them. This is called pairing. Once, the
devices are paired, they can transfer data
securely.

 Bluetooth has lower power consumption and

lower implementation costs than Wi-Fi.
However, the range and transmission speeds
are typically lower than Wi-Fi.

 The lower power requirements make it less

susceptible to interference with other wireless
devices in the same 2.4GHz bandwidth.

 Bluetooth version 3.0 and higher versions can

deliver a data rate of 24 Mbps.

 The Bluetooth version 4.0 came in 2010. It is

characterized by low energy consumption,
multivendor interoperability, the economy of
implementation, and greater range.
Bluetooth Architecture:-

There are two types of Bluetooth networks −

 Piconets:-
collection of devices connected via Bluetooth
technology in an ad hoc fashion.
 Scatternets:-
a type of network that is formed between two
or more Bluetooth-enabled devices.
Bluetooth Protocol Stack:-
Bluetooth network technology connects mobile devices
wirelessly over a short-range to form a personal area network
(PAN). The Bluetooth architecture has its own independent
model with a stack of protocols, instead of following the
standard OSI model or TCP/IP model.
The protocols in the Bluetooth standard can be loosely
grouped into the physical layer, data link layer, middleware
layer, and application layer as shown in the following diagram
–
Protocols in the Bluetooth Protocol Architecture
 Physical Layer − This includes Bluetooth radio and
Baseband (also in the data link layer.
 Radio − This is a physical layer equivalent protocol that
lays down the physical structure and specifications for
transmission of radio waves. It defines air interface,
frequency bands, frequency hopping specifications, and
modulation techniques.
 Baseband − This protocol takes the services of radio
protocol. It defines the addressing scheme, packet frame
format, timing, and power control algorithms.
 Data Link Layer − This includes Baseband, Link
ManagerProtocol (LMP), and Logical Link Control and
Adaptation Protocol (L2CAP).
 Link Manager Protocol (LMP) − LMP establishes
logical links between Bluetooth devices and maintains
the links for enabling communications. The other main
 functions of LMP are device authentication, message
encryption, and negotiation of packet sizes.
 Logical Link Control and Adaptation Protocol
(L2CAP) − L2CAP provides adaption between upper
layer frame and baseband layer frame format. L2CAP
provides support for both connection-oriented as well as
connectionless services.
 Middleware Layer − This includes Radio Frequency
Communications (RFComm) protocol, adopted
protocols, SDP, and AT commands.
 RFComm − It is short for Radio Frontend Component. It
provides a serial interface with WAP.
 Adopted Protocols − These are the protocols that are
adopted from standard models. The commonly adopted
protocols used in Bluetooth are Point-to-Point Protocol
(PPP), Internet Protocol (IP), User Datagram Protocol
(UDP), Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), and
Wireless Application Protocol (WAP).
 Service Discovery Protocol (SDP)− SDP takes care of
service-related queries like device information so as to
establish a connection between contending Bluetooth
devices.
 AT Commands − ATtention command set.

 Applications Layer − This includes the application

profiles that allow the user to interact with the Bluetooth
applications
 Bluetooth Protocol Stack Diagram:-
 Advantages:-
 Low Cost.
 Easy to Use.
 It can also penetrate through walls.
 It creates an adhoc connection immediately
without any wires.
 It is used for voice and data transfer.

 Bluetooth Frame Structure:-

Bluetooth Frame Structure is of a baseband packet
format type and it consists of three main fields namely
Access code, Packet header, and payload.

 Access Code: It is the first field of Frame

Structure. It is of size 72 bits. it is again divided
into three parts first part is the preamble which is of
size 4 bits, the second part is synchronization
which is of 64 bits and the third part is a trailer
which is of size 4 bits. Access Code field is used
for timing synchronization and piconet
identification.
 Packet header: Its size is 54 bits. It contains six
subfields the first field or part is an address which
is of 3 bits in size and can define up to 7 slaves. the
second field is the type which is of 4 bits in size
and used to identify the type of data. The third
subfield is flow used for flow control, the fourth
field is ARQN used for acknowledgement. the fifth
part is SEQN which contains sequence numbers of
frames and the sixth field is HEC used to detect
errors in the header.
  Payload: This field can be 0-2744 bits long and
its structure depends on the type of link established.

 Reference Website:-

https://www.goggle.com
https://www.nptelvideos.com
https://www.tutorialspoint.com
https://www.netstudy.com
Thank You……….